diff --git a/core/locks.ts b/core/locks.ts
index c1b798d4..d9d11465 100644
--- a/core/locks.ts
+++ b/core/locks.ts
@@ -35,23 +35,30 @@ export const empty: LockfileJson = {
  *
  * @param dependency The dependency to create the lock for.
  * @param target The target version to update the dependency to.
+ * @param original The original lockfile to create the partial lock from.
+ *
+ * @returns The `LockfileJson` object representing the partial lock.
+ * @throws If the version of the original lockfile is not supported.
  */
 export function create(
   dependency: DependencySpec,
   target: string,
-  extracted: LockfileJson,
+  original: LockfileJson,
 ): Promise<LockfileJson> {
+  if (original.version !== VERSION) {
+    throw new Error(`Unsupported lockfile version: ${original.version}`);
+  }
   return isRemote(dependency)
-    ? createRemoteLock(dependency, extracted)
+    ? createRemoteLock(dependency, original)
     : createPackageLock(dependency as DependencySpec<"jsr" | "npm">, target);
 }
 
 async function createRemoteLock(
   dep: DependencySpec<"http" | "https">,
-  extracted: LockfileJson,
+  original: LockfileJson,
 ): Promise<LockfileJson> {
   const { kind, name, constraint, path } = dep;
-  const reqs = Object.keys(extracted.remote).filter((req) =>
+  const reqs = Object.keys(original.remote).filter((req) =>
     [kind, name, path ?? ""].every((part) => req.includes(part))
   );
   const lockfile = parseFromJson("", empty);
@@ -238,6 +245,7 @@ async function getJsrDependencies(
  * @param lockfile The `Lockfile` object to extract the partial lock for the dependency from.
  * @param dependency The dependency to extract the partial lock for.
  * @returns The `LockfileJson` object representing the partial lock.
+ * @throws If the lockfile version is not supported.
  *
  * @example
  * ```ts
@@ -249,6 +257,9 @@ export async function extract(
   lockfile: LockfileJson,
   dependency: DependencySpec,
 ): Promise<LockfileJson | undefined> {
+  if (lockfile.version !== VERSION) {
+    throw new Error(`Unsupported lockfile version: ${lockfile.version}`);
+  }
   return isRemote(dependency)
     ? await extractRemote(lockfile, dependency)
     : extractPackage(lockfile, dependency as DependencySpec<"jsr" | "npm">);
diff --git a/core/locks_test.ts b/core/locks_test.ts
index b7a83b49..dfa6512e 100644
--- a/core/locks_test.ts
+++ b/core/locks_test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import * as fs from "@chiezo/amber/fs";
-import { assertEquals } from "@std/assert";
+import { assertEquals, assertRejects } from "@std/assert";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, it } from "@std/testing/bdd";
 import { parse } from "./specs.ts";
 import { create, extract, type LockfileJson, query } from "./locks.ts";
@@ -50,11 +50,23 @@ describe("create", () => {
   beforeEach(() => fs.mock());
   afterEach(() => fs.dispose());
 
+  it("should throw an error for an unsupported lockfile version", async () => {
+    await assertRejects(
+      async () => {
+        await create(parse("jsr:@std/testing@^0.222.0"), "0.222.0", {
+          version: "4",
+        } as LockfileJson);
+      },
+      Error,
+      "Unsupported lockfile version: 4",
+    );
+  });
+
   it("should create a partial lock for a package with a patch update", async () => {
     const lock = await create(
       parse("jsr:@std/assert@^0.222.0"),
       "0.222.1",
-      {} as LockfileJson,
+      { version: "3" } as LockfileJson,
     );
     assertEquals(lock, {
       version: "3",
@@ -86,7 +98,7 @@ describe("create", () => {
     const lock = await create(
       parse("jsr:@std/assert@^0.226.0"),
       "0.226.0",
-      {} as LockfileJson,
+      { version: "3" } as LockfileJson,
     );
     assertEquals(lock, {
       version: "3",
@@ -116,7 +128,7 @@ describe("create", () => {
     const lock = await create(
       parse("jsr:@core/match@^0.2.0"),
       "0.2.5",
-      {} as LockfileJson,
+      { version: "3" } as LockfileJson,
     );
     assertEquals(lock, {
       version: "3",
@@ -149,7 +161,7 @@ describe("create", () => {
     const lock = await create(
       parse("npm:@conventional-commits/parser@^0.4.0"),
       "0.4.1",
-      {} as LockfileJson,
+      { version: "3" } as LockfileJson,
     );
     assertEquals(lock, {
       version: "3",
@@ -246,6 +258,19 @@ describe("extract", () => {
   beforeEach(() => fs.mock());
   afterEach(() => fs.dispose());
 
+  it("should throw an error for an unsupported lockfile version", async () => {
+    await assertRejects(
+      async () => {
+        await extract(
+          { version: "4" } as LockfileJson,
+          parse("jsr:@std/testing@^0.222.0"),
+        );
+      },
+      Error,
+      "Unsupported lockfile version: 4",
+    );
+  });
+
   it("should return undefined for an unlocked package", async () => {
     const dep = parse("jsr:@std/testing@^0.222.0");
     const lock = await extract(LOCKFILE, dep);