| Cloud Functions | App Engine | Cloud Run | Kubernetes Engine | Compute Engine | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fully Managed | FaaS | PaaS | CaaS/PaaS | Kubernetes Clusters | Virtual Machines |
| Deployable Artifact | Source or JAR | Source or JAR | Container Image | Container Image | Anything, and Container Image |
| Locality | Regional | Regional | Regional | Zonal/Regional | Zonal/Regional |
| Billing Units | Instance execution time seconds and Invocations | Instance up time minutes | Instance execution time seconds | Control plane and VM instance hours | VM instance hours |
| vCPU | 1 | 1, up to 4.8GHz | Up to 2 | Up to 416 per node, and up to 5000 nodes. | 0.5 to 416 |
| Memory | Up to 2GB | Up to 2GB | Up to 4GB | Up to 11TB per node. | Up to 11TB |
| Disk | Writable /tmp directory |
Writable /tmp directory |
Writable /tmp directory |
Attach Tmpfs/PD/SSD | Attach PD/SSD |
| Use For |
Webhooks Event Handlers Tasks |
Web Apps Microservices Event Handlers Tasks |
Web Apps Microservices Event Handlers Tasks |
Any container workload JEE applications Microservices |
Any workload JEE applications Databases |
| Cloud Functions | App Engine | Cloud Run | Kubernetes Engine | Compute Engine | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liveness Check | Port is listening | /_ah/health | Port is listening | Liveness Probe | Manual |
| Readiness/Warmup Check | No | /_ah/warmup | No | Readiness Probe | Manual |
| Graceful Shutdown | No Signal | /_ah/stop | No Signal | SIGTERM or custom hooks |
Manual |
| Cloud Functions | App Engine | Cloud Run | Kubernetes Engine | Compute Engine | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scaling | 0 to N in seconds | 0 to N in seconds | 0 to N in seconds | 1 to N in seconds or minutes | 1 to N in minutes |
| Autoscaling | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes, with HPA and Cluster Autoscaler | Yes, with Managed Instance Group |
| Scaling Min/Max | No | Yes | Yes (alpha) | Yes, with HPA and Cluster Autoscaler | Yes, with Managed Instance Group |
| Manual Scaling | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| Cloud Functions | App Engine | Cloud Run | Kubernetes Engine | Compute Engine | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Network Load Balancer | No | No | No | Yes, with Service |
Yes, with Network Load Balancer |
| HTTP | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes, with Ingress |
Yes, with HTTP(s) Load Balancer |
| HTTPs | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes, with Ingress |
Yes, with HTTP(s) Load Balancer |
| Custom Domain | No | Yes | Yes | Yes, manual configuration | Yes, manual configuration |
| Managed SSL Certificate | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes, with ManagedCertificate |
Yes, with HTTP(s) Load Balancer |
| Cloud Functions | App Engine | Cloud Run | Kubernetes Engine | Compute Engine | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Use VPC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Expose on VPC Only | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Internal VPC Only Load Balancing | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |