Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
173 lines (149 loc) · 3.79 KB

206.reverse-linked-list.md

File metadata and controls

173 lines (149 loc) · 3.79 KB

题目地址

https://leetcode.com/problems/reverse-linked-list/description/

题目描述

Reverse a singly linked list.

Example:

Input: 1->2->3->4->5->NULL Output: 5->4->3->2->1->NULL Follow up:

A linked list can be reversed either iteratively or recursively. Could you implement both?

思路

这个就是常规操作了,使用一个变量记录前驱pre,一个变量记录后继next.

不断更新current.next = pre 就好了

关键点解析

  • 链表的基本操作(交换)
  • 虚拟节点dummy 简化操作
  • 注意更新current和pre的位置, 否则有可能出现溢出

代码

语言支持:JS,C++

JavaScript Code:

/*
 * @lc app=leetcode id=206 lang=javascript
 *
 * [206] Reverse Linked List
 *
 * https://leetcode.com/problems/reverse-linked-list/description/
 *
 * algorithms
 * Easy (52.95%)
 * Total Accepted:    532.6K
 * Total Submissions: 1M
 * Testcase Example:  '[1,2,3,4,5]'
 *
 * Reverse a singly linked list.
 * 
 * Example:
 * 
 * 
 * Input: 1->2->3->4->5->NULL
 * Output: 5->4->3->2->1->NULL
 * 
 * 
 * Follow up:
 * 
 * A linked list can be reversed either iteratively or recursively. Could you
 * implement both?
 * 
 */
/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * function ListNode(val) {
 *     this.val = val;
 *     this.next = null;
 * }
 */
/**
 * @param {ListNode} head
 * @return {ListNode}
 */
var reverseList = function(head) {
    if (!head || !head.next) return head;

    let cur = head;
    let pre = null;

    while(cur) {
        const next = cur.next;
        cur.next = pre;
        pre = cur;
        cur = next;
    }

    return pre;
};

C++ Code:

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* reverseList(ListNode* head) {
        ListNode* prev = NULL;
        ListNode* cur = head;
        ListNode* next = NULL;
        while (cur != NULL) {
            next = cur->next;
            cur->next = prev;
            prev = cur;
            cur = next;
        }
        return prev;
    }
};

拓展

通过单链表的定义可以得知,单链表也是递归结构,因此,也可以使用递归的方式来进行reverse操作。

由于单链表是线性的,使用递归方式将导致栈的使用也是线性的,当链表长度达到一定程度时,递归会导致爆栈,因此,现实中并不推荐使用递归方式来操作链表。

描述

  1. 除第一个节点外,递归将链表reverse
  2. 将第一个节点添加到已reverse的链表之后

这里需要注意的是,每次需要保存已经reverse的链表的头节点和尾节点

C++实现

// 普通递归
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* reverseList(ListNode* head) {
        ListNode* tail = nullptr;
        return reverseRecursive(head, tail);
    }
    
    ListNode* reverseRecursive(ListNode *head, ListNode *&tail) {
        if (head == nullptr) {
            tail = nullptr;
            return head;
        }
        if (head->next == nullptr) {
            tail = head;
            return head;
        }
        auto h = reverseRecursive(head->next, tail);
        if (tail != nullptr) {
            tail->next = head;
            tail = head;
            head->next = nullptr;
        }
        return h;
    }
};

// (类似)尾递归
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* reverseList(ListNode* head) {
        if (head == nullptr) return head;
        return reverseRecursive(nullptr, head, head->next);
    }
    
    ListNode* reverseRecursive(ListNode *prev, ListNode *head, ListNode *next)
    {
        if (next == nullptr) return head;
        auto n = next->next;
        next->next = head;
        head->next = prev;
        return reverseRecursive(head, next, n);
    }
};