https://leetcode.com/problems/move-zeroes/description/
Given an array nums, write a function to move all 0's to the end of it while maintaining the relative order of the non-zero elements.
Example:
Input: [0,1,0,3,12]
Output: [1,3,12,0,0]
Note:
You must do this in-place without making a copy of the array.
Minimize the total number of operations.
如果题目没有要求modify in-place 的话,我们可以先遍历一遍将包含0的和不包含0的存到两个数字, 然后拼接两个数组即可。 但是题目要求modify in-place, 也就是不需要借助额外的存储空间,刚才的方法 空间复杂度是O(n).
那么如果modify in-place呢? 空间复杂度降低为1。
我们可以借助一个游标记录位置,然后遍历一次,将非0的原地修改,最后补0即可。
无
- 语言支持:JS,C++
JavaScript Code:
/*
* @lc app=leetcode id=283 lang=javascript
*
* [283] Move Zeroes
*
* https://leetcode.com/problems/move-zeroes/description/
*
* algorithms
* Easy (53.69%)
* Total Accepted: 435.1K
* Total Submissions: 808.3K
* Testcase Example: '[0,1,0,3,12]'
*
* Given an array nums, write a function to move all 0's to the end of it while
* maintaining the relative order of the non-zero elements.
*
* Example:
*
*
* Input: [0,1,0,3,12]
* Output: [1,3,12,0,0]
*
* Note:
*
*
* You must do this in-place without making a copy of the array.
* Minimize the total number of operations.
*
*/
/**
* @param {number[]} nums
* @return {void} Do not return anything, modify nums in-place instead.
*/
var moveZeroes = function(nums) {
let index = 0;
for(let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
const num = nums[i];
if (num !== 0) {
nums[index++] = num;
}
}
for(let i = index; i < nums.length; i++) {
nums[index++] = 0;
}
};
C++ Code:
解题思想与上面JavaScript一致,做了少许代码优化(非性能优化,因为时间复杂度都是O(n)): 增加一个游标来记录下一个待处理的元素的位置,这样只需要写一次循环即可。
class Solution {
public:
void moveZeroes(vector<int>& nums) {
vector<int>::size_type nonZero = 0;
vector<int>::size_type next = 0;
while (next < nums.size()) {
if (nums[next] != 0) {
// 使用std::swap()会带来8ms的性能损失
// swap(nums[next], nums[nonZero]);
auto tmp = nums[next];
nums[next] = nums[nonZero];
nums[nonZero] = tmp;
++nonZero;
}
++next;
}
}
};