diff --git a/abjad/docs/source/cookbook/creating_rest_delimited_slurs.rst b/abjad/docs/source/cookbook/creating_rest_delimited_slurs.rst
index 3f9bbd1247e..712ab98d49f 100644
--- a/abjad/docs/source/cookbook/creating_rest_delimited_slurs.rst
+++ b/abjad/docs/source/cookbook/creating_rest_delimited_slurs.rst
@@ -57,8 +57,9 @@ We add slur spanners inside our loop:
 
     leaves = iterate(staff).by_class(scoretools.Leaf)
     for group in iterate(leaves).by_run((Note, Chord)):
-        slur = Slur()
-        attach(slur, group)
+        if 1 < len(group):
+            slur = Slur()
+            attach(slur, group)
 
 Here's the result:
 
diff --git a/abjad/docs/source/reference_manual/voices.rst b/abjad/docs/source/reference_manual/voices.rst
index 863496c7352..3e844684c27 100644
--- a/abjad/docs/source/reference_manual/voices.rst
+++ b/abjad/docs/source/reference_manual/voices.rst
@@ -67,11 +67,11 @@ Select the components in a voice like this:
 Selecting a voice's leaves
 --------------------------
 
-Use ``select_leaves()`` to select the leaves in a voice:
+Use ``select(...).by_leaf()`` to select the leaves in a voice:
 
 ..  abjad::
 
-    voice.select_leaves()
+    select(voice).by_leaf()
 
 
 Getting the length of a voice
diff --git a/abjad/etc/packaging/packaging_transcript.txt b/abjad/etc/packaging/packaging_transcript.txt
index 252c5020e6b..4f08b1efd8e 100644
--- a/abjad/etc/packaging/packaging_transcript.txt
+++ b/abjad/etc/packaging/packaging_transcript.txt
@@ -16,29 +16,27 @@ Abjad 2.18
         9. dot -V: graphviz version 2.38.0 (20140413.2041)
 
     Python 3.5.1 (OSX) test results:
-        1. mainline py.test test results:
-        2. mainline doctest test results:
-        3. experimental py.test test results:
-        4. experimental doctest test results:
-        7. sanity check test results:
-        8. experimental HTML build results:
-        9. mainline HTML build results:
+        1. mainline py.test test results: 10130 passed, 12 skipped
+        2. mainline doctest test results: 12111 tests passed in 908 modules
+        3. experimental py.test test results: 3 passed, 0 skipped
+        4. experimental doctest test results: 120 tests passed in 43 modules
+        7. sanity check test results: OK
+        8. experimental HTML build results: OK
+        9. mainline HTML build results: OK
 
     Python 3.5.1 (Windows) test results:
-        1. mainline py.test test results:
-        2. mainline doctest test results:
-        3. experimental py.test test results:
-        4. experimental doctest test results:
-        7. sanity check test results:
-        8. experimental HTML build results:
-        9. mainline HTML build results:
+        1. mainline py.test test results: 10128 passed, 15 skipped
+        2. mainline doctest test results: 12111 tests passed in 908 modules
+        3. experimental py.test test results: 3 passed, 0 skipped
+        4. experimental doctest test results: 120 tests passed in 43 modules
+        7. sanity check test results: OK
 
     Python 2.7.9 (OSX) test results:
-        1. mainline py.test test results:
-        2. mainline doctest test results:
-        3. experimental py.test test results:
-        4. experimental doctest test results:
-        7. sanity check test results:
+        1. mainline py.test test results: 10121 passed, 10 skipped
+        2. mainline doctest test results: 12111 tests passed in 908 modules
+        3. experimental py.test test results: 3 passed, 0 skipped
+        4. experimental doctest test results: 120 tests passed in 43 modules
+        7. sanity check test results: OK
 
 
 Abjad 2.17
diff --git a/abjad/ext/ipython.py b/abjad/ext/ipython.py
index 5e62d1dcdfe..fdb58299582 100644
--- a/abjad/ext/ipython.py
+++ b/abjad/ext/ipython.py
@@ -31,12 +31,16 @@ def load_ipython_extension(ipython):
     from abjad.tools import topleveltools
     play = ipythontools.Play()
     show = ipythontools.Show()
+    graph = ipythontools.Graph()
     abjad.play = play
     abjad.show = show
+    abjad.graph = graph
     topleveltools.play = play
     topleveltools.show = show
+    topleveltools.graph = graph
     names = {
         'play': play,
         'show': show,
+        'graph': graph,
         }
     ipython.push(names)
diff --git a/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageBuildTargetScript.py b/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageBuildTargetScript.py
index 0df3f81d880..2249eabe35f 100644
--- a/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageBuildTargetScript.py
+++ b/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageBuildTargetScript.py
@@ -434,23 +434,23 @@ def _setup_argument_parser(self, parser):
             help='list build targets',
             action='store_true',
             )
-        action_group.add_argument(
-            '--copy', '-Y',
-            help='copy build target',
-            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
-            nargs=2,
-            )
-        action_group.add_argument(
-            '--rename', '-M',
-            help='rename build target',
-            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
-            nargs=2,
-            )
-        action_group.add_argument(
-            '--delete', '-D',
-            help='delete build target',
-            metavar='NAME',
-            )
+#        action_group.add_argument(
+#            '--copy', '-Y',
+#            help='copy build target',
+#            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
+#            nargs=2,
+#            )
+#        action_group.add_argument(
+#            '--rename', '-M',
+#            help='rename build target',
+#            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
+#            nargs=2,
+#            )
+#        action_group.add_argument(
+#            '--delete', '-D',
+#            help='delete build target',
+#            metavar='NAME',
+#            )
         render_group = parser.add_argument_group(
             '--render flags',
             'Use when rendering specific assets only.',
diff --git a/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageMaterialScript.py b/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageMaterialScript.py
index 17a076adfd6..f68359c4c83 100644
--- a/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageMaterialScript.py
+++ b/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageMaterialScript.py
@@ -228,23 +228,23 @@ def _setup_argument_parser(self, parser):
             help='list materials',
             action='store_true',
             )
-        action_group.add_argument(
-            '--copy', '-Y',
-            help='copy material',
-            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
-            nargs=2,
-            )
-        action_group.add_argument(
-            '--rename', '-M',
-            help='rename material',
-            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
-            nargs=2,
-            )
-        action_group.add_argument(
-            '--delete', '-D',
-            help='delete material',
-            metavar='NAME',
-            )
+#        action_group.add_argument(
+#            '--copy', '-Y',
+#            help='copy material',
+#            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
+#            nargs=2,
+#            )
+#        action_group.add_argument(
+#            '--rename', '-M',
+#            help='rename material',
+#            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
+#            nargs=2,
+#            )
+#        action_group.add_argument(
+#            '--delete', '-D',
+#            help='delete material',
+#            metavar='NAME',
+#            )
         common_group = parser.add_argument_group('common options')
         common_group.add_argument(
             '--score-path', '-s',
diff --git a/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageSegmentScript.py b/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageSegmentScript.py
index 913fa6e6359..fd0e5a446cb 100644
--- a/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageSegmentScript.py
+++ b/abjad/tools/commandlinetools/ManageSegmentScript.py
@@ -392,23 +392,23 @@ def _setup_argument_parser(self, parser):
             help='list segments',
             action='store_true',
             )
-        action_group.add_argument(
-            '--copy', '-Y',
-            help='copy segment',
-            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
-            nargs=2,
-            )
-        action_group.add_argument(
-            '--rename', '-M',
-            help='rename segment',
-            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
-            nargs=2,
-            )
-        action_group.add_argument(
-            '--delete', '-D',
-            help='delete segment',
-            metavar='NAME',
-            )
+#        action_group.add_argument(
+#            '--copy', '-Y',
+#            help='copy segment',
+#            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
+#            nargs=2,
+#            )
+#        action_group.add_argument(
+#            '--rename', '-M',
+#            help='rename segment',
+#            metavar=('SOURCE', 'TARGET'),
+#            nargs=2,
+#            )
+#        action_group.add_argument(
+#            '--delete', '-D',
+#            help='delete segment',
+#            metavar='NAME',
+#            )
         common_group = parser.add_argument_group('common options')
         common_group.add_argument(
             '--score-path', '-s',
diff --git a/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Graph.py b/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Graph.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2979c0a52e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Graph.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import os
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+
+
+class Graph(object):
+    r'''IPython replacement callable for `topleveltools.graph()`.
+    '''
+
+    ### SPECIAL METHODS ###
+
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        expr,
+        layout='dot',
+        graph_attributes=None,
+        node_attributes=None,
+        edge_attributes=None,
+        **kwargs
+        ):
+        r'''A replacement for Ajbad's graph function for IPython Notebook.
+        '''
+        from abjad.tools import systemtools
+        from IPython.core.display import display_png
+
+        if isinstance(expr, str):
+            graphviz_format = expr
+        else:
+            assert hasattr(expr, '__graph__')
+            graphviz_graph = expr.__graph__(**kwargs)
+            if graph_attributes:
+                graphviz_graph.attributes.update(graph_attributes)
+            if node_attributes:
+                graphviz_graph.node_attributes.update(node_attributes)
+            if edge_attributes:
+                graphviz_graph.edge_attributes.update(edge_attributes)
+            graphviz_format = str(graphviz_graph)
+
+        valid_layouts = (
+            'circo',
+            'dot',
+            'fdp',
+            'neato',
+            'osage',
+            'sfdp',
+            'twopi',
+            )
+        assert layout in valid_layouts
+
+        message = 'cannot find `{}` command-line tool.'
+        message = message.format(layout)
+        message += ' Please download Graphviz from graphviz.org.'
+        assert systemtools.IOManager.find_executable(layout), message
+        assert systemtools.IOManager.find_executable('convert')
+
+        temporary_directory = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        dot_path = os.path.join(temporary_directory, 'graph.dot')
+        pdf_path = os.path.join(temporary_directory, 'graph.pdf')
+        png_path = os.path.join(temporary_directory, 'graph.png')
+
+        with open(dot_path, 'w') as file_pointer:
+            file_pointer.write(graphviz_format)
+
+        command = '{} -v -Tpdf {} -o {}'
+        command = command.format(layout, dot_path, pdf_path)
+        subprocess.call(command, shell=True)
+
+        command = 'convert {} -trim {}'
+        command = command.format(pdf_path, png_path)
+        subprocess.call(command, shell=True)
+
+        systemtools.IOManager.spawn_subprocess(command)
+        with open(png_path, 'rb') as file_pointer:
+            png = file_pointer.read()
+        shutil.rmtree(temporary_directory)
+        display_png(png, raw=True)
diff --git a/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Play.py b/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Play.py
index e454330b526..22131a7a96a 100644
--- a/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Play.py
+++ b/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Play.py
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 import os
 import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
 import tempfile
 
 
@@ -14,103 +16,85 @@ class Play(object):
     ### SPECIAL METHODS ###
 
     def __call__(self, expr):
-        '''Render `expr` as Vorbis audio and display it in the IPython notebook
+        '''Render `expr` as audio and display it in the IPython notebook
         as an <audio> tag.
         '''
         from abjad.tools import systemtools
         from abjad.tools import topleveltools
         assert hasattr(expr, '__illustrate__')
-        if not systemtools.IOManager.find_executable('timidity'):
-            message = 'WARNING: timidity is not available; '
-            message += 'cannot render MIDI file to OGG.'
-            print(message)
-            return
+        assert systemtools.IOManager.find_executable('lilypond')
+        assert systemtools.IOManager.find_executable('timidity')
+        has_vorbis = self._check_for_vorbis()
         temp_directory = tempfile.mkdtemp()
-        midi_file_path = os.path.join(temp_directory, 'out.mid')
+        midi_file_path = os.path.join(temp_directory, 'out.midi')
         result = topleveltools.persist(expr).as_midi(midi_file_path)
         midi_file_path, format_time, render_time = result
-        ogg_file_path = os.path.join(temp_directory, 'out.ogg')
-        encoded_audio = self._get_ogg_as_base64(
+        if has_vorbis:
+            audio_file_path = os.path.join(temp_directory, 'out.ogg')
+        else:
+            audio_file_path = os.path.join(temp_directory, 'out.aif')
+        encoded_audio = self._get_audio_as_base64(
             midi_file_path,
-            ogg_file_path,
+            audio_file_path,
+            has_vorbis,
             )
         if encoded_audio is not None:
-            self._display_ogg_audio_tag(encoded_audio)
+            self._display_audio_tag(encoded_audio, has_vorbis)
         shutil.rmtree(temp_directory)
 
     ### PRIVATE METHODS ###
 
-    def _display_ogg_audio_tag(self, encoded_audio):
+    def _display_audio_tag(self, encoded_audio, has_vorbis):
         from IPython.core.display import display_html
-        audio_tag = '<audio controls type="audio/ogg" '
-        audio_tag += 'src="data:audio/ogg;base64,{}">'
-        audio_tag = audio_tag.format(encoded_audio)
+        if has_vorbis:
+            mime_type = 'audio/ogg'
+        else:
+            mime_type = 'audio/aiff'
+        audio_tag = '<audio controls type="{}" '
+        audio_tag += 'src="data:{};base64,{}">'
+        audio_tag = audio_tag.format(mime_type, mime_type, encoded_audio)
         display_html(audio_tag, raw=True)
 
-    def _get_base64_from_file(self, file_name):
-        '''Read the base64 representation of a file and encode for HTML.
-        '''
-        import base64
-        with open(file_name, 'rb') as file_pointer:
-            data = file_pointer.read()
-            return base64.b64encode(data).decode('utf-8')
-
-    def _get_ogg_as_base64(
+    def _get_audio_as_base64(
         self,
         midi_file_path,
-        ogg_file_path,
+        audio_file_path,
+        has_vorbis,
         ):
-        from abjad.tools import systemtools
-        command = 'timidity {midi_file_path} -Ov -o {ogg_file_path}'.format(
+        if has_vorbis:
+            output_flag = '-Ov'
+        else:
+            output_flag = '-Oa'
+        command = 'timidity {midi_file_path} {output_flag} -o {audio_file_path}'.format(
             midi_file_path=midi_file_path,
-            ogg_file_path=ogg_file_path,
+            output_flag=output_flag,
+            audio_file_path=audio_file_path,
             )
-        result = systemtools.IOManager.spawn_subprocess(command)
+        result = subprocess.call(command, shell=True)
         if result == 0:
-            encoded_audio = self._get_base64_from_file(ogg_file_path)
+            encoded_audio = self._get_base64_from_file(audio_file_path)
             return encoded_audio
-        message = 'timidity failed to render MIDI as OGG, result: {}'
+        message = 'timidity failed to render MIDI, result: {}'
         message = message.format(result)
         print(message)
         return None
 
-    ### PUBLIC METHODS ###
-
-    def load_sound_font(self, new_sound_font, new_midi_bank):
-        '''Save location of argument sound_font and its type.
-
-        Type can be either 'gs', 'gm', 'xg', or 'mma'.
-        '''
-        new_sound_font = os.path.expanduser(new_sound_font)
-        if os.path.isfile(new_sound_font):
-            self._sound_font = new_sound_font
-        else:
-            message = 'The specified sound_font {} (relative to {}) '
-            message += 'is either inaccessible or does not exist.'
-            message = message.format(new_sound_font, os.getcwd())
-            print(message)
-        valid_midi_banks = ('gs', 'gm', 'xg', 'mma')
-        if new_midi_bank in valid_midi_banks:
-            self._midi_bank = new_midi_bank
-        else:
-            message = 'The MIDI bank must be either be one of {!s}'
-            message = message.format(valid_midi_banks)
-            print(message)
-
-    ### PUBLIC PROPERTIES ###
-
-    @property
-    def midi_bank(self):
-        r'''Gets midi bank name.
-
-        Returns string.
+    def _get_base64_from_file(self, file_name):
+        '''Read the base64 representation of a file and encode for HTML.
         '''
-        return self._midi_bank
-
-    @property
-    def sound_font(self):
-        r'''Gets sound font path.
+        import base64
+        with open(file_name, 'rb') as file_pointer:
+            data = file_pointer.read()
+            return base64.b64encode(data).decode('utf-8')
 
-        Returns string.
-        '''
-        return self._sound_font
+    def _check_for_vorbis(self):
+        has_vorbis = False
+        output = subprocess.check_output('timidity --help', shell=True)
+        if sys.version_info[0] == 3:
+            output = output.decode('utf-8')
+        for line in output.splitlines():
+            for part in line.split():
+                if part == '-Ov':
+                    has_vorbis = True
+                    break
+        return has_vorbis
diff --git a/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Show.py b/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Show.py
index a9c06672430..7bbf46a150f 100644
--- a/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Show.py
+++ b/abjad/tools/ipythontools/Show.py
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ def __call__(self, expr):
         from abjad.tools import systemtools
         from abjad.tools import topleveltools
         from IPython.core.display import display_png
+        assert systemtools.IOManager.find_executable('lilypond')
+        assert systemtools.IOManager.find_executable('convert')
         assert hasattr(expr, '__illustrate__')
         temporary_directory = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         temporary_file_path = os.path.join(
diff --git a/abjad/tools/pitchtools/PitchRange.py b/abjad/tools/pitchtools/PitchRange.py
index 6d0b5ac3e2c..9252f4da677 100644
--- a/abjad/tools/pitchtools/PitchRange.py
+++ b/abjad/tools/pitchtools/PitchRange.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 from abjad.tools.pitchtools.Pitch import Pitch
 from abjad.tools.topleveltools import inspect_
 from abjad.tools.topleveltools import iterate
+from abjad.tools.topleveltools import select
 
 
 # TODO: make iterable so that for x in PitchRange works
diff --git a/abjad/tools/topleveltools/graph.py b/abjad/tools/topleveltools/graph.py
index 19cd117a23d..7588c1c7ba0 100644
--- a/abjad/tools/topleveltools/graph.py
+++ b/abjad/tools/topleveltools/graph.py
@@ -41,11 +41,11 @@ def graph(
         assert hasattr(expr, '__graph__')
         graphviz_graph = expr.__graph__(**kwargs)
         if graph_attributes:
-            graph.attributes.update(graph_attributes)
+            graphviz_graph.attributes.update(graph_attributes)
         if node_attributes:
-            graph.node_attributes.update(node_attributes)
+            graphviz_graph.node_attributes.update(node_attributes)
         if edge_attributes:
-            graph.edge_attributes.update(edge_attributes)
+            graphviz_graph.edge_attributes.update(edge_attributes)
         graphviz_format = str(graphviz_graph)
 
     assert image_format in ('pdf', 'png')