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[TOC]

安卓适配

屏幕适配

定义多种分辨率的dimens.xml（不推荐）

用AndroidStudio插件ScreenMatch根据屏幕尺寸生成不同的dimen

https://www.jianshu.com/p/1302ad5a4b04

https://github.com/wildma/ScreenAdaptation/blob/master/app/src/main/res/values/dimens.xml

用限制性布局ConstraintLayout(推荐)

implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >
	<Button
        android:id="@+id/btn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.55"
        android:text="Button"/>
	<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
		android:layout_width="0dp"
		android:layout_height="0dp"
		app:layout_constraintWidth_default="percent"
		app:layout_constraintHeight_default="percent"
		app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.25"
		app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.52"
		app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
		app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
		app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
		app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
		app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
		app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.55" />
    <ImageView
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="0dp"
                app:layout_constraintHeight_default="percent"
                app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.15"
                app:layout_constraintDimensionRatio="1:1"
                app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
                app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
                app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
                app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
                app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
                app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.7"
                android:src="@drawable/testImg" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

用自适应TextView

https://blog.csdn.net/Virgil_K2017/article/details/88725298

implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'

8.0以上：

<TextView
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:layout_constraintWidth_default="percent"
        app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.3"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.1"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.7"
        android:text="012345678901234567890"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:maxLines="1"
        android:ellipsize="end"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:autoSizeTextType="uniform"
        android:autoSizeMaxTextSize="25dp"
        android:autoSizeMinTextSize="20dp"
        android:autoSizeStepGranularity="1dp" />

8.0以下：

implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'

<android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatTextView
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:layout_constraintWidth_default="percent"
        app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.3"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.7"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.7"
        android:text="012345678901234567890"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:maxLines="1"
        android:ellipsize="end"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        app:autoSizeTextType="uniform"
        app:autoSizeMaxTextSize="25dp"
        app:autoSizeMinTextSize="20dp"
        app:autoSizeStepGranularity="1dp"/>

androidx的话用androidx.appcompat.widget.AppCompatTextView

自适应GridLayoutManager

RecyclerView包含的子View的宽高是这样定义的：

  • GridLayoutManager，横向的话，宽度wrap_content，高度=RecyclerView高度/spanCount;

    竖向的话，高度wrap_content, 宽度=RecyclerView宽度/spanCount;

    默认是竖向。

public RecyclerView.LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() {
        if (mOrientation == HORIZONTAL) {
            return new LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
        } else {
            return new LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        }
    }
  • LinearLayoutManager，宽高都是wrap_content
public RecyclerView.LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() {
        return new RecyclerView.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
                ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    }

wrap_content的话，实际尺寸就由子View的尺寸决定了，那么子View的尺寸必须要有实际的dp值。

import android.content.Context;

import androidx.recyclerview.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;

import timber.log.Timber;

public class ConstraintGridLayoutManager extends GridLayoutManager {
    private @RecyclerView.Orientation int mOrientation;
    private float mPercent;

    public ConstraintGridLayoutManager(Context context, int spanCount,
                                       @RecyclerView.Orientation int orientation,
                                       boolean reverseLayout, float percent) {
        super(context, spanCount, orientation, reverseLayout);
        mOrientation = orientation;
        mPercent = percent;
    }

    @Override
    public RecyclerView.LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() {
        RecyclerView.LayoutParams layoutParams = super.generateDefaultLayoutParams();
        if (mOrientation == RecyclerView.HORIZONTAL) {
            layoutParams.width = (int)(getWidth() * mPercent);
        } else {
            layoutParams.height = (int)(getWidth() * mPercent);
        }
        Timber.i("generateDefaultLayoutParams w:%s, h:%s, parent width:%s, parent height:%s",
                layoutParams.width, layoutParams.height, getWidth(), getHeight());
        return layoutParams;
    }
}

其他

  • 图片用.9或者svg
  • 多用相对布局，尽量不用绝对布局
  • 少用dp值，多用百分比

安卓版本适配

通过gradle flavor选择不同的source set