Preproc.pm

# Verilog - Verilog Perl Interface
# See copyright, etc in below POD section.
######################################################################

package Verilog::Preproc;
use Carp;
use Verilog::Getopt;

require DynaLoader;
use base qw(DynaLoader);
use strict;
use vars qw($VERSION);

$VERSION = '3.313';

######################################################################
#### Configuration Section

bootstrap Verilog::Preproc;

#In Preproc.xs:
# sub _new (class, keepcmt, linedir, pedantic, synthesis)
# sub _open (class)
# sub getall (class)
# sub getline (class)
# sub eof (class)
# sub filename (class)
# sub lineno (class)
# sub unreadback (class, text)

######################################################################
#### Accessors

sub new {
    my $class = shift;  $class = ref $class if ref $class;
    my $self = {keep_comments=>1,
		keep_whitespace=>1,
		line_directives=>1,
		pedantic=>0,
		synthesis=>0,
		options=>Verilog::Getopt->new(),	# If the user didn't give one, still work!
		#include_open_nonfatal=>0,
		@_};
    bless $self, $class;
    # Sets $self->{_cthis}
    $self->{keep_comments} = 2 if ($self->{keep_comments} eq 'sub');
    $self->{keep_comments} = 3 if ($self->{keep_comments} eq 'expand'); #TBD
    $self->_new($self,
		$self->{keep_comments},
		$self->{keep_whitespace},
		$self->{line_directives},
		$self->{pedantic},
		$self->{synthesis},
		);
    if ($self->{synthesis}) {
	$self->define('SYNTHESIS',1);
    }
    #use Data::Dumper; print Dumper($self);
    return $self;
}

sub DESTROY {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->_DESTROY;
}

sub open {
    my $self = shift;
    my %params = (
		  # filename =>
		  # open_nonfatal => 0,
		  );
    if ($#_ > 0) { %params=(@_); } else { $params{filename}=shift; }
    # We allow either open(name) or open(filename=>name);

    # Allow user to put `defined names on the command line instead of filenames,

    # then convert them properly.
    my $filename = $params{filename};
    $filename = $self->remove_defines($filename);
    printf ("Perl open $filename\n") if $self->{debug};
    $filename = $self->{options}->file_path($filename);
    printf ("Perl openfp $filename\n") if $self->{debug};
    if (!-r $filename) {
	if (!$params{open_nonfatal}) {
	    $self->error("Cannot open $filename");
	}
	return undef;
    } else {
	$self->_open($filename);
    }
    return $self;
}

sub debug {
    my $self = shift;
    my $level = shift;
    $self->{debug} = $level;
    $self->_debug($level);
}

######################################################################
#### Utilities

sub remove_defines {
    my $self = shift;
    my $sym = shift;
    my $val = "x";
    while (defined $val) {
	last if $sym eq $val;
	(my $xsym = $sym) =~ s/^\`//;
	$val = $self->{options}->defvalue_nowarn($xsym);  #Undef if not found
	$sym = $val if defined $val;
    }
    return $sym;
}

sub fileline {
    my $self = shift;
    return ($self->filename||"").":".($self->lineno||"");
}

######################################################################
#### Called by the parser

sub error {
    my ($self,$text,$token)=@_;
    my $fileline = $self->filename.":".$self->lineno;
    croak ("%Error: $fileline: $text\n"
	   ."Stopped");
}

sub comment {}

sub def_substitute {
    my ($self, $out) = @_;
    return $out;
}
sub include {
    my ($self,$filename)=@_;
    print "INCLUDE $filename\n" if $self->{debug};
    $self->open(filename => $filename,
		open_nonfatal => $self->{include_open_nonfatal},
		);
}

# Note rather than overriding these, a derived Verilog::Getopt class can
# accomplish the same thing.

sub undef {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->{options}->undef(@_);
}
sub undefineall {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->{options}->undefineall(@_);
}
sub define {
    my $self = shift;
    #print "DEFINE @_\n";
    $self->{options}->fileline($self->filename.":".$self->lineno);
    $self->{options}->define(@_);
}
sub def_params {
    # Return define parameters
    my $self = shift;
    my $val = $self->{options}->defparams(@_);
    #printf "DEFEXISTS @_ -> %s\n", $val if $self->{debug};
    $val = "" if !defined $val;
    return $val;
}
sub def_value {
    # Return value
    my $self = shift;
    #printf "DEFVALUE @_ -> %s\n", $self->{options}->defvalue_nowarn(@_);
    return $self->{options}->defvalue(@_);
}

######################################################################
#### Package return
1;
__END__

=pod

=head1 NAME

Verilog::Preproc - Preprocess Verilog files

=head1 SYNOPSIS

    use Verilog::Getopt;

    my $vp = Verilog::Preproc->new(I<parameters>);
    $vp->open(filename=>"verilog_file.v");
    my $line = $vp->getline();

=head1 EXAMPLE

    # This is a complete verilog pre-parser!
    # For a command line version, see vppreproc
    use Verilog::Getopt;
    use Verilog::Preproc;

    my $opt = new Verilog::Getopt;
    @ARGV = $opt->parameter(@ARGV);

    my $vp = Verilog::Preproc->new(options=>$opt,);
    $vp->open(filename=>"verilog_file.v");
    while (defined (my $line = $vp->getline())) {
       print $line;
    }

=head1 DESCRIPTION

Verilog::Preproc reads Verilog files, and preprocesses them according to
the SystemVerilog 2009 (1800-2009) specification which is the most recent
extension of SystemVerilog 2005 (1800-2005).  Programs can be easily
converted from reading a IO::File into reading preprocessed output from
Verilog::Preproc.

See the "Which Package" section of L<Verilog-Perl> if you are unsure which
parsing package to use for a new application.

=head1 MEMBER FUNCTIONS

=over 4

=item $self->eof()

Returns true at the end of the file.

=item $self->filename()

Returns the filename of the most recently returned getline().  May not match
the filename passed on the command line, as `line directives are honored.

=item $self->getall()

Return the entire translated text up to the final EOF, similar to calling
join('',$self->getline) but significantly faster.  With optional argument,
returns approximately that number of characters.  Returns undef at EOF.

=item $self->getline()

Return the next line of text.  Returns undef at EOF.  (Just like
IO::File->getline().)

=item $self->lineno()

Returns the line number of the last getline().  Note that the line number
may change several times between getline(), for example when traversing
multiple include files.

=item $self->new(I<parameters>)

Creates a new preprocessor.  See the PARAMETERS section for the options
that may be passed to new.

=item $self->open(filename=>I<filename>)

Opens the specified file.  If called before a file is completely parsed,
the new file will be parsed completely before returning to the previously
open file.  (As if it was an include file.)

Open may also be called without named parameters, in which case the only
argument is the filename.

=item $self->unreadback(I<text>)

Insert text into the input stream at the given point.  The text will not
be parsed, just returned to the application.  This lets comment() callbacks
insert special code into the output stream.

=back

=head1 PARAMETERS

The following named parameters may be passed to the new constructor.

=over 4

=item include_open_nonfatal=>1

With include_open_nonfatal set to one, ignore any include files that do
not exist.

=item keep_comments=>0

With keep_comments set to zero, strip all comments.  When set to one (the
default), insert comments in output streams.  When set to 'sub', call the
comment() function so that meta-comments can be processed outside of the
output stream.  Note that some programs use meta-comments to embed useful
information (synthesis and lint), so strip with caution if feeding to tools
other than your own.  Defaults to 1.

=item keep_whitespace=>0

With keep_whitespace set to zero, compress all whitespace to a single space
or newline.  When set to one (the default), retain whitespace.  Defaults to
1.

=item line_directives=>0

With line_directives set to zero, suppress "`line" comments which indicate
filename and line number changes.  Use the lineno() and filename() methods
instead to retrieve this information. Defaults true.

=item options=>Verilog::Getopt object

Specifies the object to be used for resolving filenames and defines.  Other
classes may be used, as long as their interface matches that of Getopt.

=item pedantic=>1

With pedantic set, rigorously obey the Verilog pedantic.  This used to
disable the `__FILE__ and `__LINE__ features but no longer does as they
were added to the 1800-2009 standard.  It remains to disable `error and may
disable other future features that are not specified in the language
standard. Defaults false.

=item synthesis=>1

With synthesis set, define SYNTHESIS, and ignore text bewteen "ambit",
"pragma", "synopsys" or "synthesis" translate_off and translate_on meta
comments.  Note using metacomments is discouraged as they have led to
silicon bugs (versus ifdef SYNTHESIS); see
L<http://www.veripool.org/papers/TenIPEdits_SNUGBos07_paper.pdf>.

=back

=head1 CALLBACKS

Default callbacks are implemented that are suitable for most applications.
Derived classes may override these callbacks as needed.

=over 4

=item $self->comment(I<comment>)

Called with each comment, when keep_comments=>'sub' is used.  Defaults to
do nothing.

=item $self->undef(I<defname>)

Called with each `undef.  Defaults to use options object.

=item $self->undefineall()

Called with each `undefineall.  Defaults to use options object.

=item $self->define(I<defname>, I<value>, I<params>)

Called with each `define.  Defaults to use options object.

=item $self->def_exists(I<defname>)

Called to determine if the define exists.  Return true if the define
exists, or argument list with leading parenthesis if the define has
arguments.  Defaults to use options object.

=item $self->def_substitute(I<string>)

Called to determine what string to insert for a define substitution.
Called with the value of the define after parameters have been expanded
computed per the SystemVerilog spec.  Generally this function would just
return the same string as it is passed, but this can be overridden to allow
customized preprocessing.

=item $self->def_value(I<defname>)

Called to return value to substitute for specified define.  Defaults to use
options object.

=item $self->error(I<message>)

Called on errors, with the error message as an argument.  Defaults
to die.

=item $self->include(I<filename>)

Specifies a include file has been found.  Defaults to call $self->open
after resolving the filename with the options parameter.

=back

=head1 COMPLIANCE

The preprocessor supports the constructs defined in the SystemVerilog 2009
standard (IEEE 1800-2009), which is a superset of Verilog 1995 (IEEE
1364-1995), Verilog 2001 (IEEE 1364-2001), Verilog 2005 (IEEE 1364-2005)
and SystemVerilog 2005 (IEEE 1800-2005).

Verilog::Preproc adds the `error macro (unless the pedantic parameter is
set.):

=over 4

=item `__FILE__

The __FILE__ define expands to the current filename as a string, like C++'s
__FILE__.  This was incorporated into to the 1800-2009 standard (but
supported by Verilog-Perl since 2004!)

=item `__LINE__

The __LINE__ define expands to the current filename as a string, like C++'s
__LINE__.  This was incorporated into to the 1800-2009 standard (but
supported by Verilog-Perl since 2004!)

=item `error I<"string">

`error will be reported whenever it is encountered. (Like C++ #error.)

These are useful for error macros, similar to assert() in C++.

=back

=head1 DISTRIBUTION

Verilog-Perl is part of the L<http://www.veripool.org/> free Verilog EDA
software tool suite.  The latest version is available from CPAN and from
L<http://www.veripool.org/verilog-perl>.

Copyright 2000-2011 by Wilson Snyder.  This package is free software; you
can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.

=head1 AUTHORS

Wilson Snyder <wsnyder@wsnyder.org>

=head1 SEE ALSO

L<Verilog-Perl>,
L<Verilog::Language>, L<Verilog::Getopt>

L<IO::File>

This package is layered on a C++ interface which may be found in the kit.

=cut