diff --git a/404.html b/404.html index 2f9c6c0..bd94a17 100644 --- a/404.html +++ b/404.html @@ -25,6 +25,6 @@ - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/assets/images/fume-hood-photo.jpg b/assets/images/fume-hood-photo.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5cce4f5 Binary files /dev/null and b/assets/images/fume-hood-photo.jpg differ diff --git a/exposure-control-devices.453797420c8d9115.js b/exposure-control-devices.453797420c8d9115.js deleted file mode 100644 index 2901dc8..0000000 --- a/exposure-control-devices.453797420c8d9115.js +++ /dev/null @@ -1 +0,0 @@ -"use strict";(self.webpackChunkHVACResourceMap=self.webpackChunkHVACResourceMap||[]).push([[696],{2066:(m,r,i)=>{i.r(r),i.d(r,{ExposureControlDevicesModule:()=>d});var c=i(9808),l=i(241),e=i(1223),n=i(7282);const u=[{path:"",component:(()=>{class t{constructor(o){this.sharedService=o,this.title="Exposure Control Devices",o.setTitle(this.title),o.setActiveSelectors("hoodoutline")}}return t.\u0275fac=function(o){return new(o||t)(e.Y36(n.F))},t.\u0275cmp=e.Xpm({type:t,selectors:[["ng-component"]],decls:66,vars:1,consts:[["src","assets/images/lab-hoods.jpg","alt","Photograph showing two side-by-side hoods in a laboratory.",1,"img-fluid","rounded"],[1,"caption"],["src","assets/images/biological_safety_cabinet.jpg","alt","Photograph of a safety cabinet with glass and metal framing. Inside are biohazard containers.",1,"img-fluid","rounded"],["href","https://fumehoodcalculator.lbl.gov/",1,"d-block","well","rounded","clearfix"],["src","assets/images/berkeley_lab_logo.png","alt","Logo for LBNL",1,"float-md-left","img-fluid","pr-md-2","pb-2",2,"max-width","100px"],["href","https://smartlabs.i2sl.org/assess.html#lvra"],["href","https://www.ashrae.org/technical-resources/bookstore/ashrae-laboratory-design-guide-2nd-ed"],["href","https://www.sefalabs.com/assets/docs/recommended-practices/Selection%20and%20Management%20of%20ECDs%20in%20Labs.pdf"]],template:function(o,a){1&o&&(e.TgZ(0,"h1"),e._uU(1),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(2,"p"),e._uU(3,'Exposure control devices contain the hazardous chemical in the laboratory environment at the source. Fume hoods are a primary method of exposure control and are defined as "a safety device specifically designed to carry undesirable effluence away from laboratory personnel and out of the building, when connected to a properly designed laboratory system" according to the Scientific Equipment and Furniture Association (SEFA) (ASHRAE 2015).'),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(4,"p"),e._uU(5,"Fume hoods are typically the most visible component of a laboratory HVAC system. Knowing how to optimally use these devices with the ventilation system for proper temperature control, dilution and chemical isolation is a fundamental part of lab energy conservation. A solid knowledge of fume hoods and their features, limitations, and design and operational requirements is critical for a sound design and operation of laboratory HVAC systems."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(6,"p"),e._uU(7,"Exposure control devices are divided into three general categories for specific use: chemical fumes, biological substances, and other uses."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(8,"p"),e.TgZ(9,"strong"),e._uU(10,"Chemical fume hoods"),e.qZA(),e._uU(11," are designed to contain general odorous, toxic and otherwise harmful chemical substances that are used in a wide range of laboratory activities pertaining to chemical research. These designs exhaust the air to outside the building without needing to purify the air."),e.qZA(),e._UZ(12,"img",0),e.TgZ(13,"p",1),e.TgZ(14,"strong"),e._uU(15,"Fume hoods are the most common exposure control device and can drive energy use in chemical lab spaces. See the Energy Efficiency Measures tab for information on equipment-specific strategies for achieving energy efficiency."),e.qZA(),e._uU(16," Photo by Shames Stevens, NREL\n"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(17,"p"),e.TgZ(18,"strong"),e._uU(19,"Biological safety cabinets (BSC)"),e.qZA(),e._uU(20," are needed to provide a more secure environment so these cabinets are designed to specifically handle organisms, infectious agents, processes, and particles that can potentially contaminate and harm other projects, personnel, and the environment. Because air needs to be purified when exiting or even entering the BSC, a HEPA filter needs to be installed at the biological safety cabinet. There are several types of BSC and the type selected has significant energy implications."),e.qZA(),e._UZ(21,"img",2),e.TgZ(22,"p",1),e.TgZ(23,"strong"),e._uU(24,"Biological safety cabinets are specially designed to mitigate exposure to biohazardous research activities."),e.qZA(),e._uU(25," Photo from Ca.garcia.s, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons\n"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(26,"p"),e._uU(27,"In addition to chemical fume hoods and biological safety cabinets, there are numerous other types of primary containment devices that are available to control airborne containments in laboratories, including the following:"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(28,"ul"),e.TgZ(29,"li"),e._uU(30,"Ventilated balance enclosures"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(31,"li"),e._uU(32,"Slot hood"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(33,"li"),e._uU(34,"Canopy hood and dedicated equipment exhaust"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(35,"li"),e._uU(36,"Snorkels and spot exhausts"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(37,"li"),e._uU(38,"Laminar flow clean air station"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(39,"li"),e._uU(40,"Glove box"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(41,"li"),e._uU(42,"Ventilated enclosure"),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(43,"h2"),e._uU(44,"FEATURED RESOURCE"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(45,"a",3),e._UZ(46,"img",4),e.TgZ(47,"p"),e.TgZ(48,"strong"),e._uU(49,"Laboratory Fume Hood Energy Modeler"),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(50,"p"),e._uU(51,"Laboratory fume hoods are energy-intensive, with the typical fume hood in US climates using 3 to 5 times as much energy as a home. This calculator developed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) estimates annual fume hood energy use and costs for user-specified climates and assumptions about operation and equipment efficiencies."),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(52,"h2"),e._uU(53,"Resources"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(54,"ul"),e.TgZ(55,"li"),e.TgZ(56,"a",5),e._uU(57,"Smart Labs Toolkit: Laboratory Ventilation Risk Assessment"),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(58,"li"),e._uU(59,"ASHRAE. (2015). "),e.TgZ(60,"a",6),e._uU(61,"ASHRAE Laboratory Design Guide: Planning and Operation of Laboratory HVAC Systems"),e.qZA(),e._uU(62," (2nd ed.). Atlanta. doi: 9781936504985"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(63,"li"),e.TgZ(64,"a",7),e._uU(65,"SEFA Selection and Management of Exposure Control Devices in Laboratories"),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.qZA()),2&o&&(e.xp6(1),e.Oqu(a.title))},encapsulation:2}),t})()},{path:"eems",component:(()=>{class t{constructor(o){this.sharedService=o,this.title="Exposure Control Devices: Energy Efficiency Measures",o.setTitle(this.title),o.setActiveSelectors("hoodoutline")}}return t.\u0275fac=function(o){return new(o||t)(e.Y36(n.F))},t.\u0275cmp=e.Xpm({type:t,selectors:[["ng-component"]],decls:26,vars:1,consts:[["src","assets/images/close_sash_image.jpg","alt","Image showing two stickers for the hood. One has an arrow pointing down and it says, 'More Safe, Less Energy.' The other has an image of the globe with a cape pointing at text that says Shut the Sash. It also says that an open fume hood wastes $1,100 in energy per year\u2014roughly the amount needed for an entire home.",1,"img-fluid"],[1,"caption"],["href","https://smartlabs.i2sl.org/cs-nrel-fume-hood.html"],["href","https://sustainable.harvard.edu/schools-units/sustainable-labs/"],["href","https://marketplace.ucdavis.edu/C21642_ustores/web/store_cat.jsp?STOREID=12&CATID=72&SINGLESTORE=true"],["href","https://smartlabs.i2sl.org/cs-csm.html"]],template:function(o,a){1&o&&(e.TgZ(0,"h1"),e._uU(1),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(2,"p"),e._uU(3,'While safety is the paramount objective of fume hoods, energy consideration should be considered a vital part of operations. Achieving both is contingent on an understanding of the different types and purposes of the fume hoods. The primary energy efficiency measure is reducing the flow rate across the face area to the lowest level that provides adequate containment, and then maximized by pairing with a variable air exhaust system. For fume hoods, limiting the face area limits the flow rate. Sash stops are the most common sash limiting device. For example, if a sash stop is installed at 15" and the hood is balanced for 15" the flow would be \xbd of the fully open sash (typically 30").'),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(4,"p"),e._uU(5,"Fume hood retrofit kits that limit the opening also limit the flow. If the fume hood is connected to a VAV system then closing the sash is a key EEM. The best sash closing system is an educated and proactive user. If users do not typically close the sash, then automatic sash closing systems can be considered. Occupancy at the hood can be sensed and the face velocity can be reduced if occupancy is not detected, then increased when occupancy is detected."),e.qZA(),e._UZ(6,"img",0),e.TgZ(7,"p",1),e.TgZ(8,"strong"),e._uU(9,"Simple stickers reminding users to shut the sash of fume hoods can greatly increase savings. Learn more how occupant engagement efforts at Harvard University (left image) and Colorado School Mines (right image) that are driving energy savings."),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(10,"h2"),e._uU(11,"Resources"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(12,"ul"),e.TgZ(13,"li"),e.TgZ(14,"a",2),e._uU(15,"NREL Case Study: ASHRAE 110 Testing for Fume HoodsSmart Labs Toolkit: Working with Scientists \u2013 Equipment Specific Practices"),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(16,"li"),e.TgZ(17,"a",3),e._uU(18,"Harvard University Green Labs: Shut the Sash Program"),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(19,"li"),e.TgZ(20,"a",4),e._uU(21,"Shut the Sash Stickers"),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(22,"li"),e.TgZ(23,"a",5),e._uU(24,"Driving Energy Savings Through Occupant Engagement and Behavior Change"),e.qZA(),e._uU(25," at the Colorado School of Mines"),e.qZA(),e.qZA()),2&o&&(e.xp6(1),e.Oqu(a.title))},encapsulation:2}),t})()},{path:"tools",component:(()=>{class t{constructor(o){this.sharedService=o,this.title="Exposure Control Devices: Design Calculators and Tools",o.setTitle(this.title),o.setActiveSelectors("hoodoutline")}}return t.\u0275fac=function(o){return new(o||t)(e.Y36(n.F))},t.\u0275cmp=e.Xpm({type:t,selectors:[["ng-component"]],decls:31,vars:1,consts:[["href","https://smartlabs.i2sl.org/docs/lvra-tool.xlsx"],["href","https://smartlabs.i2sl.org/assess.html"],["href","https://smartlabs.i2sl.org/pdfs/lvra-user-guide.pdf"],["href","https://smartlabs.i2sl.org/docs/air-change-rate-calculator.xlsm"],["href","https://smartlabs.i2sl.org/docs/dilution-calculator.xlsx"],["href","https://fumehoodcalculator.lbl.gov/"]],template:function(o,a){1&o&&(e.TgZ(0,"h1"),e._uU(1),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(2,"p"),e._uU(3,"Various calculators and tools are available to guide the assessment of research hazards and identify the correct exposure control devices. "),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(4,"ul"),e.TgZ(5,"li"),e.TgZ(6,"a",0),e._uU(7,"Laboratory Ventilation Risk Assessment (LVRA) Tool"),e.qZA(),e._UZ(8,"br"),e._uU(9,"This tool guides users through the lab ventilation risk assessment \u2013 a systematic process for determining risk control bands, or risk levels, associated with research activities for each exposure control device and lab environment. We recommend visiting the "),e.TgZ(10,"a",1),e._uU(11,"Smart Labs Toolkit Assess Page"),e.qZA(),e._uU(12," and reviewing the "),e.TgZ(13,"a",2),e._uU(14,"LVRA User Guide"),e.qZA(),e._uU(15," before starting the LVRA process."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(16,"li"),e.TgZ(17,"a",3),e._uU(18,"Air Change Rate Calculator"),e.qZA(),e._UZ(19,"br"),e._uU(20,"This calculator uses risk levels assigned during the LVRA process to determine the appropriate air change rate for mitigating exposure to airborne hazards for each lab space."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(21,"li"),e.TgZ(22,"a",4),e._uU(23,"Hazard Emissions Scenarios Dilution Calculator"),e.qZA(),e._UZ(24,"br"),e._uU(25,"This calculator allows users to visualize the dilution of various chemicals in a space should an event occur that results in hazardous emissions. Using theory and conditional modeling based on characteristics for over a hundred chemical hazards, it provides a useful tool for determining how a chemical spill would affect the lab environment."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(26,"li"),e.TgZ(27,"a",5),e._uU(28,"Laboratory Fume Hood Energy Modeler"),e.qZA(),e._UZ(29,"br"),e._uU(30,"This calculator estimates annual fume hood energy use and costs for user-specified climates and assumptions about operation and equipment efficiencies. Users can create comparative energy-use scenarios."),e.qZA(),e.qZA()),2&o&&(e.xp6(1),e.Oqu(a.title))},encapsulation:2}),t})()},{path:"operation",component:(()=>{class t{constructor(o){this.sharedService=o,this.title="Exposure Control Devices: Operation and Training Resources",o.setTitle(this.title),o.setActiveSelectors("hoodoutline")}}return t.\u0275fac=function(o){return new(o||t)(e.Y36(n.F))},t.\u0275cmp=e.Xpm({type:t,selectors:[["ng-component"]],decls:10,vars:1,consts:[["href","https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy08osti/43231.pdf"]],template:function(o,a){1&o&&(e.TgZ(0,"h1"),e._uU(1),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(2,"ul"),e.TgZ(3,"li"),e._uU(4,"ASHRAE 110: Standard 110-2016 -- Method of Testing Performance of Laboratory Fume Hoods"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(5,"li"),e._uU(6,"ANSI Z9.5"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(7,"li"),e.TgZ(8,"a",0),e._uU(9,"Commissioning Ventilated Containment Systems in the Laboratory"),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.qZA()),2&o&&(e.xp6(1),e.Oqu(a.title))},encapsulation:2}),t})()}];let h=(()=>{class t{}return t.\u0275fac=function(o){return new(o||t)},t.\u0275mod=e.oAB({type:t}),t.\u0275inj=e.cJS({imports:[[l.Bz.forChild(u)],l.Bz]}),t})(),d=(()=>{class t{}return t.\u0275fac=function(o){return new(o||t)},t.\u0275mod=e.oAB({type:t}),t.\u0275inj=e.cJS({imports:[[c.ez,h]]}),t})()}}]); \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/exposure-control-devices.eb37d70a7db78d73.js b/exposure-control-devices.eb37d70a7db78d73.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2fc4cf3 --- /dev/null +++ b/exposure-control-devices.eb37d70a7db78d73.js @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +"use strict";(self.webpackChunkHVACResourceMap=self.webpackChunkHVACResourceMap||[]).push([[696],{2066:(g,r,s)=>{s.r(r),s.d(r,{ExposureControlDevicesModule:()=>d});var c=s(9808),l=s(241),e=s(1223),i=s(7282);const u=[{path:"",component:(()=>{class t{constructor(o){this.sharedService=o,this.title="Exposure Control Devices",o.setTitle(this.title),o.setActiveSelectors("hoodoutline")}}return t.\u0275fac=function(o){return new(o||t)(e.Y36(i.F))},t.\u0275cmp=e.Xpm({type:t,selectors:[["ng-component"]],decls:131,vars:1,consts:[["src","assets/images/lab-hoods.jpg","alt","Photograph showing two side-by-side hoods in a laboratory.",1,"img-fluid","rounded"],[1,"caption"],["src","assets/images/fume-hood-photo.jpg","alt","Photograph of a row of safety cabinets with glass and metal framing in a laboratory",1,"img-fluid","rounded"],["src","assets/images/biological_safety_cabinet.jpg","alt","Photograph of a safety cabinet with glass and metal framing. Inside are biohazard containers.",1,"img-fluid","rounded"],["href","https://fumehoodcalculator.lbl.gov/",1,"d-block","well","rounded","clearfix"],["src","assets/images/berkeley_lab_logo.png","alt","Logo for LBNL",1,"float-md-left","img-fluid","pr-md-2","pb-2",2,"max-width","100px"],["href","https://smartlabs.i2sl.org/assess.html#lvra"],["href","https://www.ashrae.org/technical-resources/bookstore/ashrae-laboratory-design-guide-2nd-ed"],["href","https://www.sefalabs.com/assets/docs/recommended-practices/Selection%20and%20Management%20of%20ECDs%20in%20Labs.pdf"],["href","https://ehs.cornell.edu/research-safety/general-laboratory-safety/laboratory-ventilation/fume-hood-hibernation-standard-operating-procedure"],["href","https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.chas.2c00004"]],template:function(o,n){1&o&&(e.TgZ(0,"h1"),e._uU(1),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(2,"p"),e._uU(3,'Exposure control devices contain the hazardous chemical in the laboratory environment at the source. Fume hoods are a primary method of exposure control and are defined as "a safety device specifically designed to carry undesirable effluence away from laboratory personnel and out of the building, when connected to a properly designed laboratory system" according to the Scientific Equipment and Furniture Association (SEFA) (ASHRAE 2015).'),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(4,"p"),e._uU(5,"Fume hoods are typically the most visible component of a laboratory HVAC system. Knowing how to optimally use these devices with the ventilation system for proper temperature control, dilution and chemical isolation is a fundamental part of lab energy conservation. A solid knowledge of fume hoods and their features, limitations, and design and operational requirements is critical for a sound design and operation of laboratory HVAC systems."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(6,"p"),e._uU(7,"Exposure control devices are divided into three general categories for specific use: chemical fumes, biological substances, and other uses."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(8,"p"),e.TgZ(9,"strong"),e._uU(10,"Chemical fume hoods"),e.qZA(),e._uU(11," are designed to contain general odorous, toxic and otherwise harmful chemical substances that are used in a wide range of laboratory activities pertaining to chemical research. These designs exhaust the air to outside the building without needing to purify the air."),e.qZA(),e._UZ(12,"img",0),e.TgZ(13,"p",1),e.TgZ(14,"strong"),e._uU(15,"Fume hoods are the most common exposure control device and can drive energy use in chemical lab spaces. See the Energy Efficiency Measures tab for information on equipment-specific strategies for achieving energy efficiency."),e.qZA(),e._uU(16," Photo by Shames Stevens, NREL\n"),e.qZA(),e._UZ(17,"img",2),e.TgZ(18,"p",1),e._uU(19," Photo from MIT\n"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(20,"h2"),e._uU(21,"Fume Hood Hibernation"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(22,"p"),e._uU(23,"In high performance laboratory operations, optimizing energy efficiency and savings is crucial. Fume hoods can place tremendous pressure on a HVAC system due to the energy needed to maintain safe air flow rates, operational costs, per fume hood, can be equivalent to the average energy used by three U.S. homes (Harvard University). However, there are periods when these fume hoods remain unused, leading to unnecessary energy expenditure."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(24,"p"),e._uU(25,"A current method adopted by various laboratories that is intended to reduce energy usage is fume hood hibernation. Cornell University defines fume hood hibernation as \u201cthe temporary shutdown of a fume hood, including the rebalancing supply ventilation and pressurization of the laboratory room\u201d. This allows for laboratory ventilation reduction while still allowing occupants to continue working. Before applying this procedure, is it is important to assess laboratory needs and operations to understand technical and mechanical limitations along with regulatory requirements. While hibernating fume hoods leads to energy reduction , maintaining safety and health of laboratory users is a top priority in the hibernation process. During the implementation of fume hood hibernation and other ventilation system optimization strategies, providing comprehensive training for laboratory professionals is essential. This training not only ensures the effective maintenance and inspection of ventilation systems but also reinforces safety protocols and educates personnel about chemical exposure risks."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(26,"p"),e._uU(27,"Fume Hood Hibernation Shutdown Steps (by Cornell University):"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(28,"ol"),e.TgZ(29,"li"),e._uU(30,"Obtain and wear proper PPE, including safety glasses when working in the lab."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(31,"li"),e._uU(32,"Survey lab ventilation system for other exhaust sources. If general exhaust, point exhaust or other hoods are not present, hood flow can only be reduced enough to provide exhaust flow for required air changes."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(33,"li"),e._uU(34,"Confirm that all chemicals and equipment have been removed from hood. If this is not completed then inform the lab occupants, building coordinator or EHS that this job task cannot be completed until this is done."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(35,"li"),e._uU(36,"Take air flow readings, calculate and record air change rate, before and after hibernating or reducing hood flow."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(37,"li"),e._uU(38,"Perform proper steps to decommission hood:"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(39,"ul"),e.TgZ(40,"li"),e.TgZ(41,"strong"),e._uU(42,"Hoods not connected to common header"),e.qZA(),e._uU(43,":"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(44,"ul"),e.TgZ(45,"li"),e._uU(46,"Secure exhaust fan and damper and install lock out tag out if exhaust fan is to be turned off."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(47,"li"),e._uU(48,"Secure VAV and make necessary adjustments to mechanical components and/or controls."),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(49,"li"),e._uU(50,"Place \u201cDo Not Use\u201d sign on sash and physically secure sash closed if requested by facility management."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(51,"li"),e._uU(52,"Take pressure/flow reading to make certain space is properly balanced and pressurization is correct. Note: If reheat is the only heat source, supply air may have to be increased."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(53,"li"),e._uU(54,"Have BAS graphics edited to show fume hood in hibernation."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(55,"li"),e._uU(56,"Check BAS for alarms generated and have them temporarily taken out of service or tagged to be ignored."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(57,"li"),e._uU(58,"Place tag on VAV and fan indicating that the fume hood is in vacant mode. "),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(59,"li"),e._uU(60,"Notify appropriate personnel (Building coordinator, General foreperson ECCO group, ECCO Manager) that hibernation sequence has been completed."),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(61,"p"),e.TgZ(62,"strong"),e._uU(63,"To perform un-hibernation"),e.qZA(),e._uU(64,": Perform process in reverse. Confirm face velocity and negative pressurization of room following steps to return equipment to operation."),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(65,"p"),e._uU(66,"Fume hood hibernation represents a strategy for enhancing energy efficiency in laboratory operations, specifically looking at exposure control devices and ventilation systems. During periods of low activity control systems and advanced sensing technologies can contribute to cost savings, environmental sustainability and minimize energy waste. With careful planning, implementation, and ongoing monitoring, fume hood hibernation can become an integral component of a comprehensive energy management strategy for research facilities. "),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(67,"p"),e.TgZ(68,"strong"),e._uU(69,"Biological safety cabinets (BSC)"),e.qZA(),e._uU(70," are needed to provide a more secure environment so these cabinets are designed to specifically handle organisms, infectious agents, processes, and particles that can potentially contaminate and harm other projects, personnel, and the environment. Because air needs to be purified when exiting or even entering the BSC, a HEPA filter needs to be installed at the biological safety cabinet. There are several types of BSC and the type selected has significant energy implications."),e.qZA(),e._UZ(71,"img",3),e.TgZ(72,"p",1),e.TgZ(73,"strong"),e._uU(74,"Biological safety cabinets are specially designed to mitigate exposure to biohazardous research activities."),e.qZA(),e._uU(75," Photo from Ca.garcia.s, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons\n"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(76,"p"),e._uU(77,"In addition to chemical fume hoods and biological safety cabinets, there are numerous other types of primary containment devices that are available to control airborne containments in laboratories, including the following:"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(78,"ul"),e.TgZ(79,"li"),e._uU(80,"Ventilated balance enclosures"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(81,"li"),e._uU(82,"Slot hood"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(83,"li"),e._uU(84,"Canopy hood and dedicated equipment exhaust"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(85,"li"),e._uU(86,"Snorkels and spot exhausts"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(87,"li"),e._uU(88,"Laminar flow clean air station"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(89,"li"),e._uU(90,"Glove box"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(91,"li"),e._uU(92,"Ventilated enclosure"),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(93,"h2"),e._uU(94,"FEATURED RESOURCE"),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(95,"a",4),e._UZ(96,"img",5),e.TgZ(97,"p"),e.TgZ(98,"strong"),e._uU(99,"Laboratory Fume Hood Energy Modeler"),e.qZA(),e.qZA(),e.TgZ(100,"p"),e._uU(101,"Laboratory fume hoods are energy-intensive, with the typical fume hood in US climates using 3 to 5 times as much energy as a home. 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