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<a href="faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions</a>
</li>
<li>
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<div id="header">
<h1 class="title toc-ignore"><center><br />
Frequently Asked Questions</h1>
</div>
<!--- please edit as needed!--->
<hr />
<div id="why-is-this-study-being-done-in-spain" class="section level2">
<h2>Why is this study being done in Spain?</h2>
<p>There is a need to assess and track the oceans comprehensively in
Spain by combining the best available social, economic, and
environmental information. This can help chart a path forward to
increase economic opportunities and human well being while sustainably
managing these critical resources.</p>
<p>We will develop a repeatable, transparent method for measuring
progress toward healthy oceans in Spain. The ultimate goal is to enable
our community to prioritize policy decisions that affect the
sustainability of our ocean resources.</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="what-is-the-timeline-and-spatial-scale-of-this-project"
class="section level2">
<h2>What is the timeline and spatial scale of this project?</h2>
<p><em>To be updated</em></p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="what-year-does-this-ohi-assessment-represent"
class="section level2">
<h2>What year does this OHI assessment represent?</h2>
<p>The assessment will be completed in [<em>year to be completed</em>].
It will represent the ocean health in this year using the best available
information that will continue to be updated in the future. The most
recent data available will be incorporated into the assessment for each
goal, so years may vary depending on the data set. This first assessment
will serve as our baseline for future assessments.</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="will-there-be-future-assessments" class="section level2">
<h2>Will there be future assessments?</h2>
<p>OHI assessments can be updated annually or on other management time
frames with less effort than its initial development. This is because
all analysis is done with open source collaborative software (R,
RStudio, Git, GitHub) and can be updated with the most recent data.
Spain OHI assessments will continue as long as there is ongoing interest
and support from ocean management agencies and stakeholders.</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="will-the-data-layers-be-available" class="section level2">
<h2>Will the data layers be available?</h2>
<p>Yes. All data layers will be available on this website when they are
finalized. <!--- www/ohi-science.org/gal/layers. ---> OHI assessments
depend on data that are freely available and updated regularly so
assessments can be repeated to track changes in ocean health.</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="what-does-each-goal-score-mean" class="section level2">
<h2>What does each goal score mean?</h2>
<p>Scores for each goal represent the present status for each goal
measured against a set reference point (50% of the score) and the likely
future status of the goal (50% of the score). Likely future status is
assessed based on the status trend (status score over the last 5 years),
resilience actions (policies, initiatives, habitat protection,
enforcement, local stewardship, etc), and cumulative pressures (human
impacts to ocean habitats, pollution, social pressures, economic
indicators, etc).</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="how-are-each-goals-reference-points-set"
class="section level2">
<h2>How are each goal’s reference points set?</h2>
<p>Goals are developed with the best information available, often with
the help of stakeholders and experts. Reference points are specific to
each goal and can be temporal, spatial, established targets (management
targets, policies or mandates, or established goal), or production
function or established model (example: maximum sustainable yield
equation). Goal reference points are set use SMART principles that are
Specific, Measurable, Ambitious, Realistic, and Time-bound.</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div
id="what-proportion-of-the-index-contains-things-that-local-management-can-change-or-influence"
class="section level2">
<h2>What proportion of the index contains things that local management
can change or influence?</h2>
<p>Goal scores will respond to management targets through interactions
with resilience layers. Some of the goals have management targets as set
reference points and so those goals will directly change as we approach
those targets.</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="how-does-the-ohi-relate-to-ongoing-ocean-management-efforts"
class="section level2">
<h2>How does the OHI relate to ongoing ocean management efforts?</h2>
<p>Management strategies can be tested with the OHI to understand cross
sector impacts and benefits. The OHI is designed to provide context for
management decisions and explore actions (in part through setting SMART
reference points) that support sustainable ocean use. This assessment
can be used to communicate how achieving these targets will support
ocean health in Spain.</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="how-adaptive-is-ohi-to-adaptive-management"
class="section level2">
<h2>How adaptive is OHI to adaptive management?</h2>
<p>The OHI is very adaptable and can incorporate new management targets,
policies, and new scientific research. This information is generally
incorporated into pressure or resilience scores for each goal. For
example, new research on the impacts of marine debris can be
incorporated as a more precise pressure layer for clean water and
tourism goals. If goal metrics and reference points are updated then the
goal score not be comparable to prior assessments. However, previous
assessments can be back-calculated using the updated methods to make
them comparable to track progress. Updating goal metrics and reference
points will be done in future assessments if there is consensus to do so
and updating the goal will increase our understanding of sustainable
ocean use and ocean health.</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div
id="how-can-we-have-a-large-impact-and-create-meaningful-change-using-the-ohi"
class="section level2">
<h2>How can we have a large impact and create meaningful change using
the OHI?</h2>
<p>The OHI incorporates diverse stakeholders to create a coalition for
ocean health. The index will work to incorporate management and local
stewardship actions to incentivize actions across private partners,
agencies, managers, and policy makers to increase sustainable ocean use
and ultimately ocean health.</p>
</div>
</div>
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