Replace more lint tooling with ruff

[Zeitsperre]

Generic Issue

• xclim version: 0.50.1-dev
• Python version: Any
• Operating System: All

Description

The number and diversity of checks and automatic fixes for common problems available via ruff is ever-expanding. It is also several orders of magnitude faster than running isort, black, flake8, etc.

Currently, we could replace the following checks:

• pyupgrade → ruff.format
• nbqa-pyupgrade → nbqa-ruff
• isort → ruff.lint.isort
• nbqa-isort → nbqa-ruff
• black → ruff.format.*
• nbqa-black → nbqa-ruff
• blackdoc → ruff.format.docstring-code-format = true

flake8 is only used for flake8-rst-docstrings as the entirety of that functionality has not (yet) been reproduced in ruff. Once that changes, we could remove the .flake8 file and all of flake8 as well.

Reasons we should keep things as is?

There are small deviations from the "real" black and isort checkers, as they are under constant development and their standards tend to change from time to time.

Anthony Sottile (pre-commit, PyCQA) has some thoughts: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XzW4-KEB664

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