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cbcOnePlayer.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 2.0.16">
<title>Building a CBC RadioOne KW Player</title>
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</head>
<body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>Building a CBC RadioOne KW Player</h1>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="imageblock right">
<div class="content">
<img src="cbc.jpg" alt="cbc">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_introduction">Introduction</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This is NOT:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>a how-to guide</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>a set of instructions</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>advice</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>the best way to achieve this</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>the cheapest way to make a radio player</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>me showing off</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>me looking for advice</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I’m writing this to help me remember what I did in case I need to go back and revisit some part of this project. But now that its written, I might as well publish it.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_the_hardware_and_cost">The Hardware and Cost</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>These are the things I bought:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Orange Pi PC 1GB RAM <strong>(60 CAD)</strong></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Orange Pi Power Adapter <strong>(12 CAD)</strong></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Mini External USB Stereo Speaker <strong>(18 CAD)</strong></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>USB WiFi Dongle <strong>(13 CAD)</strong></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>16GB Micro SD Card <strong>(7 CAD)</strong></p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Amounts are rounded to nearest dollar and do not include tax and shipping.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The grand total is <strong>110 CAD!!</strong> Yes, I over-paid. Enough said.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This does not include other accessories and equipment such as:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Micro SD USB flash Adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Notebook PC</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>WiFi Router</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Internet Connection</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>HDMI Monitor</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Ethernet Cable</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_low_hanging_fruit">Low Hanging Fruit</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_armbian">Armbian</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I downloaded and flashed the latest Armbian image for OrangePi PC. This was easy but slow. Good time to enjoy a beer.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I connected the OrangePi PC to my router via ethernet and booted the OrangePi PC and went to my WiFi Modem’s admin page to look for a new device. The device was running an SSH server already so, it was time to login (user: <em>root</em> password: <em>1234</em>) and configure a new user.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>It was then time to update and grab the kernel headers as they will be needed for building drivers for the USB WiFi dongle.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install linux-headers-current-sunxi</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Lesson learned the hard way: REBOOT after update or else the running kernel version will not align with the version of the headers you downloaded. After much fiddling, this caused me to start over again.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_cbc_radioone_kitchener_waterloo_stream">CBC RadioOne Kitchener-Waterloo Stream</h3>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install mplayer
mplayer https://cbcradiolive.akamaized.net/hls/live/2040995/ES_R1EKW/master.m3u8</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I could hear the radio station by pluging in headphones into the jack on the OrangePi PC.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you want to find your local regional CBC RadioOne station, please have a look at: <a href="https://gist.github.com/nevillepark/d8358256e05a23250ad845a70776776e" class="bare">https://gist.github.com/nevillepark/d8358256e05a23250ad845a70776776e</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_usb_wifi_dongle">USB WiFi Dongle</h3>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>git clone https://github.com/brektrou/rtl8821CU.git
cd rtl8821CU
sudo ./dkms-install.sh</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>But wait!! No WiFi…​Not even an LED!!</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_speakers">Speakers</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I found this: <a href="https://learn.adafruit.com/usb-audio-cards-with-a-raspberry-pi/updating-alsa-config" class="bare">https://learn.adafruit.com/usb-audio-cards-with-a-raspberry-pi/updating-alsa-config</a></p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I shutdown the OrangePi PC and plugged in the Mini USB speakers. It was time to boot!</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In <code>/usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf</code> I found</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>defaults.ctl.card 0
defaults.pcm.card 0</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I changed both 0s to 2s.</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>0 means headphones.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 means HDM audio.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 means usb-snd speakers.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This was determined via the <code>alsamixer -c <cardnum></code> command.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I then saved the file and ran the mplayer command again. Audio came through the speakers this time! It was loud; the following command was used to adjust the volume:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>alsamixer -c 2</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_tougher_nuts_to_crack">Tougher Nuts to Crack</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_usb_wifi_dongle_revisted">USB WiFi Dongle Revisted</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The github page for the kernel driver gives some advice about what to do if wifi does not work. It turned out that the dongle was showing up as a cdrom when I ran the following command:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>lsusb</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This indicated that I needed to switch the mode to WiFi mode. The following command did the trick.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install usb_modeswitch
usb_modeswitch -KW -v 0bda -p 1a2b</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>After that, it was time to configure the OrangePi PC to connect to WiFi.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>sudo armbian-config
--> Network
--> WiFi
Pick an SSID and enter password
quit armbian-config
ifconfig</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I now had an IP address for the WiFi connection. Time to get rid of the ethernet cable.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_boot_up">Boot Up</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I wanted this to be a headless device. Just plug it in and have it play. I wanted it to feel like a consumer electronics device; not a single board computer. This was a bit tougher than I thought.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>At first I thought the solution was to modify <code>/etc/rc.local</code> to get everything going. Unfortunately, this was nothing but frustration. I ended up setting up auto-login as root on boot and then creating a <code>.profile</code> that would do the work. To enable the auto-login as root, I found the <code>ExecStart</code> line in <code>/lib/systemd/system/getty@.service</code> and replace it with:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>ExecStart=-/sbin/agetty -a root --keep-baud 115200,38400,9600 %I $TERM</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Here are the contents of <code>/root/.profile</code>:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>#!/bin/sh -e
echo "Waiting for a minute..." >&2
echo 1 > /sys/class/leds/orangepi\:red\:status/brightness
sleep 60
echo "...Activating WiFi..." >&2
usb_modeswitch -KW -v 0bda -p 1a2b
echo heartbeat > /sys/class/leds/orangepi\:red\:status/trigger
sleep 40
echo "...here comes the CBC..." >&2
mplayer -cache 4096 https://cbcradiolive.akamaized.net/hls/live/2040995/ES_R1EKW/master.m3u8 &
echo none > /sys/class/leds/orangepi\:red\:status/trigger
echo "Done!!" >&2</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The USB WiFi dongle revertes to CDROM mode when the OrangePi PC powered down, so upon boot up, I needed to run the <code>usb_modeswitch</code> command to activate WiFi mode. But before that, I needed to wait a minute because if done too soon, the device is busy. After that, I wait some time to allow for the dongle to establish a WiFi connection.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Finally, I start mplayer.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Note that I change the LEDs to know what stage of the initialization it is at without an HDMI monitor.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_pulling_weeds_and_bugs_not_enjoying_the_silence">Pulling Weeds and Bugs: NOT Enjoying the Silence</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Upon boot, I didn’t hear anything. It was time to hook up to a monitor to see what was going on.</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_btrfs">BTRFS</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The boot up scan for BTRFS got stuck on the USB WiFi dongle. Likely, its CDROM mode had something to do with it. I stopped the scan with the following command:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt remove btrfs-progs</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_hdmi_resolution">HDMI Resolution</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Normally, the OrangePI PC needs to setup a resolution for HDMI, so it scans for an HDMI monitor and lets the monitor inform it of supported resolutions. Without an HDMI monitor attached, it would keep on scanning, waiting for a monitor. This incrased the boot time; nothing but silence for 5 minutes.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>My solution was to simply set the resoution. A Google search yielded the following addition to <code>/boot/armbianEnv.txt</code> :</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>extraargs=drm_kms_helper.edid_firmware=HDMI-A-1:edid/1920x1080.bin video=HDMI-A-1:1920x1080@60</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_mplayer">mplayer</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I noticed that sometimes the following message appeared and playback stalls:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>Cannot seek backward in linear streams!</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Thus, I added <code>-cache 4096</code>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_disabling_hdmi_audio">Disabling HDMI-Audio</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Sometimes, on reboot, audio would not play. I could see that mplayer was running just fine on my monitor.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Using the following command:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>alsamixer -c 1
alsamixer -c 2</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>I could see that HDMI-audio and usb-snd had swapped audio card numbers! This happened randomly. My solution was to blacklist the HDMI-audio kernel module. In <code>/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf</code> I added</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code>blacklist snd_soc_hdmi_codec</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_things_to_improve">Things to Improve</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Sleep time during startup is arbitrary and hacky. Might want to</p>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>decrease wait times</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>poll on or wait for something</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Replace with cheaper components:</p>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W when its available. 19 CAD vs 73 CAD for Orange Pi PC + USB WiFi dongle</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>micro-controller that can parse streams</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DAC HAT with better speakers</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_next_steps">Next Steps</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Make a wooden case</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Add the LCD display and add a UI to the display:</p>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Change volume</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Select and play audio files</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2022-10-16 18:37:16 -0400
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