diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/example-union-types-ning-client.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/example-union-types-ning-client.txt
index 9242d41e..4e1202a8 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/example-union-types-ning-client.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/example-union-types-ning-client.txt
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesUserUuid: play.api.libs.json.Reads[UserUuid] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.util.UUID].map { x => new UserUuid(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.util.UUID].map { x => UserUuid(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesFoobar: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Foobar] = {
@@ -322,7 +322,6 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models {
         case x: io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.FoobarUndefinedType => sys.error(s"The type[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.FoobarUndefinedType] should never be serialized")
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesApidocExampleUnionTypesFoobar: play.api.libs.json.Writes[Foobar] = {
       (obj: io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.Foobar) => {
         jsObjectFoobar(obj)
@@ -332,9 +331,9 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models {
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesUser: play.api.libs.json.Reads[User] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "registered_user" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.RegisteredUser]
-          case "guest_user" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.GuestUser]
-          case "uuid" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.UserUuid]
+          case "registered_user" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesRegisteredUser.reads(js)
+          case "guest_user" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesGuestUser.reads(js)
+          case "uuid" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesUuid.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.UserUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -354,7 +353,6 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesApidocExampleUnionTypesUser: play.api.libs.json.Writes[User] = {
       (obj: io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.User) => {
         jsObjectUser(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/example-union-types-play-23.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/example-union-types-play-23.txt
index fcd19023..03f013b0 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/example-union-types-play-23.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/example-union-types-play-23.txt
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesUserUuid: play.api.libs.json.Reads[UserUuid] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.util.UUID].map { x => new UserUuid(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.util.UUID].map { x => UserUuid(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesFoobar: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Foobar] = {
@@ -322,7 +322,6 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models {
         case x: io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.FoobarUndefinedType => sys.error(s"The type[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.FoobarUndefinedType] should never be serialized")
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesApidocExampleUnionTypesFoobar: play.api.libs.json.Writes[Foobar] = {
       (obj: io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.Foobar) => {
         jsObjectFoobar(obj)
@@ -332,9 +331,9 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models {
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesUser: play.api.libs.json.Reads[User] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "registered_user" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.RegisteredUser]
-          case "guest_user" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.GuestUser]
-          case "uuid" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.UserUuid]
+          case "registered_user" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesRegisteredUser.reads(js)
+          case "guest_user" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesGuestUser.reads(js)
+          case "uuid" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesUuid.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.UserUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -354,7 +353,6 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesApidocExampleUnionTypesUser: play.api.libs.json.Writes[User] = {
       (obj: io.apibuilder.example.union.types.v0.models.User) => {
         jsObjectUser(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-2-json-spec-quality-healthcheck-readers.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-2-json-spec-quality-healthcheck-readers.txt
index 5daee860..d4651f23 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-2-json-spec-quality-healthcheck-readers.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-2-json-spec-quality-healthcheck-readers.txt
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 implicit def jsonReadsQualityHealthcheck: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Healthcheck] = {
-  (__ \ "status").read[String].map { x => new Healthcheck(status = x) }
-}
+  (__ \ "status").read[String].map { x => Healthcheck(status = x) }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-2-standalone-json-spec-quality.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-2-standalone-json-spec-quality.txt
index 13368a51..68ba03fb 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-2-standalone-json-spec-quality.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-2-standalone-json-spec-quality.txt
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ package com.gilt.quality.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsQualityAdjournForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[AdjournForm] = {
-      (__ \ "adjourned_at").readNullable[_root_.org.joda.time.DateTime].map { x => new AdjournForm(adjournedAt = x) }
+      (__ \ "adjourned_at").readNullable[_root_.org.joda.time.DateTime].map { x => AdjournForm(adjournedAt = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectAdjournForm(obj: com.gilt.quality.v0.models.AdjournForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -839,7 +839,7 @@ package com.gilt.quality.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsQualityAuthenticationForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[AuthenticationForm] = {
-      (__ \ "email").read[String].map { x => new AuthenticationForm(email = x) }
+      (__ \ "email").read[String].map { x => AuthenticationForm(email = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectAuthenticationForm(obj: com.gilt.quality.v0.models.AuthenticationForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -991,7 +991,7 @@ package com.gilt.quality.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsQualityHealthcheck: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Healthcheck] = {
-      (__ \ "status").read[String].map { x => new Healthcheck(status = x) }
+      (__ \ "status").read[String].map { x => Healthcheck(status = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectHealthcheck(obj: com.gilt.quality.v0.models.Healthcheck): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1174,7 +1174,7 @@ package com.gilt.quality.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsQualityMeetingForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[MeetingForm] = {
-      (__ \ "scheduled_at").read[_root_.org.joda.time.DateTime].map { x => new MeetingForm(scheduledAt = x) }
+      (__ \ "scheduled_at").read[_root_.org.joda.time.DateTime].map { x => MeetingForm(scheduledAt = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectMeetingForm(obj: com.gilt.quality.v0.models.MeetingForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1535,7 +1535,7 @@ package com.gilt.quality.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsQualityUserForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[UserForm] = {
-      (__ \ "email").read[String].map { x => new UserForm(email = x) }
+      (__ \ "email").read[String].map { x => UserForm(email = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectUserForm(obj: com.gilt.quality.v0.models.UserForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-26-apidoc-api.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-26-apidoc-api.txt
index 2f07f7a0..7920b252 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-26-apidoc-api.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-26-apidoc-api.txt
@@ -1096,7 +1096,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiAttributeValueForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[AttributeValueForm] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => new AttributeValueForm(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => AttributeValueForm(value = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectAttributeValueForm(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.AttributeValueForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1166,7 +1166,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiCleartextToken: play.api.libs.json.Reads[CleartextToken] = {
-      (__ \ "token").read[String].map { x => new CleartextToken(token = x) }
+      (__ \ "token").read[String].map { x => CleartextToken(token = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectCleartextToken(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.CleartextToken): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1204,7 +1204,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiDiffBreaking: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DiffBreaking] = {
-      (__ \ "description").read[String].map { x => new DiffBreaking(description = x) }
+      (__ \ "description").read[String].map { x => DiffBreaking(description = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectDiffBreaking(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.DiffBreaking): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1220,7 +1220,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiDiffNonBreaking: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DiffNonBreaking] = {
-      (__ \ "description").read[String].map { x => new DiffNonBreaking(description = x) }
+      (__ \ "description").read[String].map { x => DiffNonBreaking(description = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectDiffNonBreaking(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.DiffNonBreaking): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiDomain: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Domain] = {
-      (__ \ "name").read[String].map { x => new Domain(name = x) }
+      (__ \ "name").read[String].map { x => Domain(name = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectDomain(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.Domain): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1252,7 +1252,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiEmailVerificationConfirmationForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[EmailVerificationConfirmationForm] = {
-      (__ \ "token").read[String].map { x => new EmailVerificationConfirmationForm(token = x) }
+      (__ \ "token").read[String].map { x => EmailVerificationConfirmationForm(token = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectEmailVerificationConfirmationForm(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.EmailVerificationConfirmationForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiGeneratorServiceForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[GeneratorServiceForm] = {
-      (__ \ "uri").read[String].map { x => new GeneratorServiceForm(uri = x) }
+      (__ \ "uri").read[String].map { x => GeneratorServiceForm(uri = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectGeneratorServiceForm(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.GeneratorServiceForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1444,7 +1444,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiMoveForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[MoveForm] = {
-      (__ \ "org_key").read[String].map { x => new MoveForm(orgKey = x) }
+      (__ \ "org_key").read[String].map { x => MoveForm(orgKey = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectMoveForm(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.MoveForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1583,7 +1583,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiPasswordResetRequest: play.api.libs.json.Reads[PasswordResetRequest] = {
-      (__ \ "email").read[String].map { x => new PasswordResetRequest(email = x) }
+      (__ \ "email").read[String].map { x => PasswordResetRequest(email = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectPasswordResetRequest(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.PasswordResetRequest): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1599,7 +1599,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiPasswordResetSuccess: play.api.libs.json.Reads[PasswordResetSuccess] = {
-      (__ \ "user_guid").read[_root_.java.util.UUID].map { x => new PasswordResetSuccess(userGuid = x) }
+      (__ \ "user_guid").read[_root_.java.util.UUID].map { x => PasswordResetSuccess(userGuid = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectPasswordResetSuccess(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.PasswordResetSuccess): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1938,8 +1938,8 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiDiff: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Diff] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "diff_breaking" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.DiffBreaking]
-          case "diff_non_breaking" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.DiffNonBreaking]
+          case "diff_breaking" => jsonReadsApidocApiDiffBreaking.reads(js)
+          case "diff_non_breaking" => jsonReadsApidocApiDiffNonBreaking.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.DiffUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -1958,7 +1958,6 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesApidocApiDiff: play.api.libs.json.Writes[Diff] = {
       (obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.Diff) => {
         jsObjectDiff(obj)
@@ -1968,7 +1967,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiItemDetail: play.api.libs.json.Reads[ItemDetail] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "application_summary" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.ApplicationSummary]
+          case "application_summary" => jsonReadsApidocApiApplicationSummary.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.ItemDetailUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -1986,7 +1985,6 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesApidocApiItemDetail: play.api.libs.json.Writes[ItemDetail] = {
       (obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.ItemDetail) => {
         jsObjectItemDetail(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-26-envelope.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-26-envelope.txt
index 2d7a0733..0376d880 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-26-envelope.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-26-envelope.txt
@@ -121,18 +121,18 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionDateTime: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionDateTime] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.DateTime].map { x => new DateTimeUnionDateTime(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.DateTime].map { x => DateTimeUnionDateTime(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionLocalDate: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionLocalDate] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.LocalDate].map { x => new DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.LocalDate].map { x => DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnion] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "date-time-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionDateTime]
-          case "date-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionLocalDate]
+          case "date-time-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeIso8601.reads(js)
+          case "date-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateIso8601.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -151,7 +151,6 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Writes[DateTimeUnion] = {
       (obj: io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnion) => {
         jsObjectDateTimeUnion(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-apidoc-api.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-apidoc-api.txt
index 2f07f7a0..7920b252 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-apidoc-api.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-apidoc-api.txt
@@ -1096,7 +1096,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiAttributeValueForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[AttributeValueForm] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => new AttributeValueForm(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => AttributeValueForm(value = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectAttributeValueForm(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.AttributeValueForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1166,7 +1166,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiCleartextToken: play.api.libs.json.Reads[CleartextToken] = {
-      (__ \ "token").read[String].map { x => new CleartextToken(token = x) }
+      (__ \ "token").read[String].map { x => CleartextToken(token = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectCleartextToken(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.CleartextToken): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1204,7 +1204,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiDiffBreaking: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DiffBreaking] = {
-      (__ \ "description").read[String].map { x => new DiffBreaking(description = x) }
+      (__ \ "description").read[String].map { x => DiffBreaking(description = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectDiffBreaking(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.DiffBreaking): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1220,7 +1220,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiDiffNonBreaking: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DiffNonBreaking] = {
-      (__ \ "description").read[String].map { x => new DiffNonBreaking(description = x) }
+      (__ \ "description").read[String].map { x => DiffNonBreaking(description = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectDiffNonBreaking(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.DiffNonBreaking): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiDomain: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Domain] = {
-      (__ \ "name").read[String].map { x => new Domain(name = x) }
+      (__ \ "name").read[String].map { x => Domain(name = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectDomain(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.Domain): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1252,7 +1252,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiEmailVerificationConfirmationForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[EmailVerificationConfirmationForm] = {
-      (__ \ "token").read[String].map { x => new EmailVerificationConfirmationForm(token = x) }
+      (__ \ "token").read[String].map { x => EmailVerificationConfirmationForm(token = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectEmailVerificationConfirmationForm(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.EmailVerificationConfirmationForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiGeneratorServiceForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[GeneratorServiceForm] = {
-      (__ \ "uri").read[String].map { x => new GeneratorServiceForm(uri = x) }
+      (__ \ "uri").read[String].map { x => GeneratorServiceForm(uri = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectGeneratorServiceForm(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.GeneratorServiceForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1444,7 +1444,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiMoveForm: play.api.libs.json.Reads[MoveForm] = {
-      (__ \ "org_key").read[String].map { x => new MoveForm(orgKey = x) }
+      (__ \ "org_key").read[String].map { x => MoveForm(orgKey = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectMoveForm(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.MoveForm): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1583,7 +1583,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiPasswordResetRequest: play.api.libs.json.Reads[PasswordResetRequest] = {
-      (__ \ "email").read[String].map { x => new PasswordResetRequest(email = x) }
+      (__ \ "email").read[String].map { x => PasswordResetRequest(email = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectPasswordResetRequest(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.PasswordResetRequest): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1599,7 +1599,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiPasswordResetSuccess: play.api.libs.json.Reads[PasswordResetSuccess] = {
-      (__ \ "user_guid").read[_root_.java.util.UUID].map { x => new PasswordResetSuccess(userGuid = x) }
+      (__ \ "user_guid").read[_root_.java.util.UUID].map { x => PasswordResetSuccess(userGuid = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectPasswordResetSuccess(obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.PasswordResetSuccess): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -1938,8 +1938,8 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiDiff: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Diff] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "diff_breaking" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.DiffBreaking]
-          case "diff_non_breaking" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.DiffNonBreaking]
+          case "diff_breaking" => jsonReadsApidocApiDiffBreaking.reads(js)
+          case "diff_non_breaking" => jsonReadsApidocApiDiffNonBreaking.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.DiffUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -1958,7 +1958,6 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesApidocApiDiff: play.api.libs.json.Writes[Diff] = {
       (obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.Diff) => {
         jsObjectDiff(obj)
@@ -1968,7 +1967,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocApiItemDetail: play.api.libs.json.Reads[ItemDetail] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "application_summary" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.ApplicationSummary]
+          case "application_summary" => jsonReadsApidocApiApplicationSummary.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.ItemDetailUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -1986,7 +1985,6 @@ package io.apibuilder.api.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesApidocApiItemDetail: play.api.libs.json.Writes[ItemDetail] = {
       (obj: io.apibuilder.api.v0.models.ItemDetail) => {
         jsObjectItemDetail(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-java-instant.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-java-instant.txt
index 1984d161..75ecefa6 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-java-instant.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-java-instant.txt
@@ -101,18 +101,18 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionInstant: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionInstant] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.Instant].map { x => new DateTimeUnionInstant(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.Instant].map { x => DateTimeUnionInstant(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionLocalDate: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionLocalDate] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.LocalDate].map { x => new DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.LocalDate].map { x => DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnion] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "date-time-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionInstant]
-          case "date-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionLocalDate]
+          case "date-time-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeIso8601.reads(js)
+          case "date-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateIso8601.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Writes[DateTimeUnion] = {
       (obj: io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnion) => {
         jsObjectDateTimeUnion(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-java-offsetdatetime.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-java-offsetdatetime.txt
index c3ceafb4..4748ab91 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-java-offsetdatetime.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-java-offsetdatetime.txt
@@ -101,18 +101,18 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionOffsetDateTime: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionOffsetDateTime] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.OffsetDateTime].map { x => new DateTimeUnionOffsetDateTime(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.OffsetDateTime].map { x => DateTimeUnionOffsetDateTime(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionLocalDate: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionLocalDate] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.LocalDate].map { x => new DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.LocalDate].map { x => DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnion] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "date-time-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionOffsetDateTime]
-          case "date-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionLocalDate]
+          case "date-time-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeIso8601.reads(js)
+          case "date-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateIso8601.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Writes[DateTimeUnion] = {
       (obj: io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnion) => {
         jsObjectDateTimeUnion(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-joda-date-time.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-joda-date-time.txt
index ba818e4e..8a169b47 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-joda-date-time.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-27-joda-date-time.txt
@@ -121,18 +121,18 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionDateTime: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionDateTime] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.DateTime].map { x => new DateTimeUnionDateTime(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.DateTime].map { x => DateTimeUnionDateTime(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionLocalDate: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionLocalDate] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.LocalDate].map { x => new DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.LocalDate].map { x => DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnion] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "date-time-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionDateTime]
-          case "date-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionLocalDate]
+          case "date-time-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeIso8601.reads(js)
+          case "date-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateIso8601.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -151,7 +151,6 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Writes[DateTimeUnion] = {
       (obj: io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnion) => {
         jsObjectDateTimeUnion(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-java-instant.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-java-instant.txt
index 1984d161..75ecefa6 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-java-instant.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-java-instant.txt
@@ -101,18 +101,18 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionInstant: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionInstant] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.Instant].map { x => new DateTimeUnionInstant(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.Instant].map { x => DateTimeUnionInstant(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionLocalDate: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionLocalDate] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.LocalDate].map { x => new DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.LocalDate].map { x => DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnion] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "date-time-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionInstant]
-          case "date-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionLocalDate]
+          case "date-time-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeIso8601.reads(js)
+          case "date-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateIso8601.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Writes[DateTimeUnion] = {
       (obj: io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnion) => {
         jsObjectDateTimeUnion(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-java-offsetdatetime.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-java-offsetdatetime.txt
index c3ceafb4..4748ab91 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-java-offsetdatetime.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-java-offsetdatetime.txt
@@ -101,18 +101,18 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionOffsetDateTime: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionOffsetDateTime] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.OffsetDateTime].map { x => new DateTimeUnionOffsetDateTime(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.OffsetDateTime].map { x => DateTimeUnionOffsetDateTime(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionLocalDate: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionLocalDate] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.LocalDate].map { x => new DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.java.time.LocalDate].map { x => DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnion] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "date-time-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionOffsetDateTime]
-          case "date-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionLocalDate]
+          case "date-time-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeIso8601.reads(js)
+          case "date-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateIso8601.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Writes[DateTimeUnion] = {
       (obj: io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnion) => {
         jsObjectDateTimeUnion(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-joda-date-time.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-joda-date-time.txt
index ba818e4e..8a169b47 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-joda-date-time.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/play-28-joda-date-time.txt
@@ -121,18 +121,18 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionDateTime: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionDateTime] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.DateTime].map { x => new DateTimeUnionDateTime(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.DateTime].map { x => DateTimeUnionDateTime(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnionLocalDate: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnionLocalDate] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.LocalDate].map { x => new DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[_root_.org.joda.time.LocalDate].map { x => DateTimeUnionLocalDate(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Reads[DateTimeUnion] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "date-time-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionDateTime]
-          case "date-iso8601" => js.validate[io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionLocalDate]
+          case "date-time-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateTimeIso8601.reads(js)
+          case "date-iso8601" => jsonReadsTimeTypesDateIso8601.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnionUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -151,7 +151,6 @@ package io.gregor.time.types.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesTimeTypesDateTimeUnion: play.api.libs.json.Writes[DateTimeUnion] = {
       (obj: io.gregor.time.types.v0.models.DateTimeUnion) => {
         jsObjectDateTimeUnion(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-spec-ning-client.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-spec-ning-client.txt
index b2f6183b..487003b7 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-spec-ning-client.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-spec-ning-client.txt
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiEcho: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Echo] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => new Echo(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => Echo(value = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectEcho(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.Echo): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiGroup: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Group] = {
-      (__ \ "members").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => new Group(members = x) }
+      (__ \ "members").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => Group(members = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectGroup(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.Group): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiUserList: play.api.libs.json.Reads[UserList] = {
-      (__ \ "users").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => new UserList(users = x) }
+      (__ \ "users").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => UserList(users = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectUserList(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.UserList): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-spec-play-23.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-spec-play-23.txt
index 63c8e98e..b7210d27 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-spec-play-23.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-spec-play-23.txt
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiEcho: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Echo] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => new Echo(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => Echo(value = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectEcho(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.Echo): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiGroup: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Group] = {
-      (__ \ "members").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => new Group(members = x) }
+      (__ \ "members").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => Group(members = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectGroup(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.Group): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiUserList: play.api.libs.json.Reads[UserList] = {
-      (__ \ "users").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => new UserList(users = x) }
+      (__ \ "users").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => UserList(users = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectUserList(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.UserList): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-with-imports-spec-ning-client.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-with-imports-spec-ning-client.txt
index 5eb9fdfd..fde80c08 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-with-imports-spec-ning-client.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-with-imports-spec-ning-client.txt
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiEcho: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Echo] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => new Echo(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => Echo(value = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectEcho(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.Echo): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiGroup: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Group] = {
-      (__ \ "members").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => new Group(members = x) }
+      (__ \ "members").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => Group(members = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectGroup(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.Group): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiUserList: play.api.libs.json.Reads[UserList] = {
-      (__ \ "users").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => new UserList(users = x) }
+      (__ \ "users").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => UserList(users = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectUserList(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.UserList): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-with-imports-spec-play-23.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-with-imports-spec-play-23.txt
index 8d874967..8ea1232b 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-with-imports-spec-play-23.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/generators/reference-with-imports-spec-play-23.txt
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiEcho: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Echo] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => new Echo(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => Echo(value = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectEcho(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.Echo): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiGroup: play.api.libs.json.Reads[Group] = {
-      (__ \ "members").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => new Group(members = x) }
+      (__ \ "members").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => Group(members = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectGroup(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.Group): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ package io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocReferenceApiUserList: play.api.libs.json.Reads[UserList] = {
-      (__ \ "users").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => new UserList(users = x) }
+      (__ \ "users").read[Seq[io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.User]].map { x => UserList(users = x) }
     }
 
     def jsObjectUserList(obj: io.apibuilder.reference.api.v0.models.UserList): play.api.libs.json.JsObject = {
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-enums-json.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-enums-json.txt
index 13d2db87..7261e307 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-enums-json.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-enums-json.txt
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ def jsObjectUserType(obj: test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.UserType): play.api.l
     case x: test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.UserTypeUndefinedType => sys.error(s"The type[test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.UserTypeUndefinedType] should never be serialized")
   }
 }
-
 implicit def jsonWritesAPIBuilderTestUserType: play.api.libs.json.Writes[UserType] = {
   (obj: test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.UserType) => {
     jsObjectUserType(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-models-json-union-type-writers.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-models-json-union-type-writers.txt
index 57882978..788ce39d 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-models-json-union-type-writers.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-models-json-union-type-writers.txt
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ def jsObjectUser(obj: test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.User): play.api.libs.json
     case x: test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.UserUndefinedType => sys.error(s"The type[test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.UserUndefinedType] should never be serialized")
   }
 }
-
 implicit def jsonWritesAPIBuilderTestUser: play.api.libs.json.Writes[User] = {
   (obj: test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.User) => {
     jsObjectUser(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-models-json.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-models-json.txt
index a9d39488..b49b6ccd 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-models-json.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/scala-union-models-json.txt
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ def jsObjectUser(obj: test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.User): play.api.libs.json
     case x: test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.UserUndefinedType => sys.error(s"The type[test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.UserUndefinedType] should never be serialized")
   }
 }
-
 implicit def jsonWritesAPIBuilderTestUser: play.api.libs.json.Writes[User] = {
   (obj: test.apidoc.apidoctest.v0.models.User) => {
     jsObjectUser(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/union-types-discriminator-service-play-24.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/union-types-discriminator-service-play-24.txt
index 75662fe8..c531d63e 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/union-types-discriminator-service-play-24.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/union-types-discriminator-service-play-24.txt
@@ -224,16 +224,16 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorUserString: play.api.libs.json.Reads[UserString] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => new UserString(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => UserString(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorUser: play.api.libs.json.Reads[User] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "registered_user" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.RegisteredUser]
-          case "guest_user" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.GuestUser]
-          case "system_user" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.SystemUser]
-          case "string" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.UserString]
+          case "registered_user" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorRegisteredUser.reads(js)
+          case "guest_user" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorGuestUser.reads(js)
+          case "system_user" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorSystemUser.reads(js)
+          case "string" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorString.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.UserUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -254,7 +254,6 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorUser: play.api.libs.json.Writes[User] = {
       (obj: io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.User) => {
         jsObjectUser(obj)
diff --git a/lib/src/test/resources/union-types-discriminator-service-play-27.txt b/lib/src/test/resources/union-types-discriminator-service-play-27.txt
index 5420cd4a..8db79af9 100644
--- a/lib/src/test/resources/union-types-discriminator-service-play-27.txt
+++ b/lib/src/test/resources/union-types-discriminator-service-play-27.txt
@@ -224,16 +224,16 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models {
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorUserString: play.api.libs.json.Reads[UserString] = {
-      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => new UserString(value = x) }
+      (__ \ "value").read[String].map { x => UserString(value = x) }
     }
 
     implicit def jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorUser: play.api.libs.json.Reads[User] = (js: play.api.libs.json.JsValue) => {
       def readDiscriminator(discriminator: String) = {
         discriminator match {
-          case "registered_user" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.RegisteredUser]
-          case "guest_user" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.GuestUser]
-          case "system_user" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.SystemUser]
-          case "string" => js.validate[io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.UserString]
+          case "registered_user" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorRegisteredUser.reads(js)
+          case "guest_user" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorGuestUser.reads(js)
+          case "system_user" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorSystemUser.reads(js)
+          case "string" => jsonReadsApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorString.reads(js)
           case other => play.api.libs.json.JsSuccess(io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.UserUndefinedType(other))
         }
       }
@@ -254,7 +254,6 @@ package io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models {
         }
       }
     }
-
     implicit def jsonWritesApidocExampleUnionTypesDiscriminatorUser: play.api.libs.json.Writes[User] = {
       (obj: io.apibuilder.example.union.types.discriminator.v0.models.User) => {
         jsObjectUser(obj)