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NEWS
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GNU coreutils NEWS -*- outline -*-
* Noteworthy changes in release ?.? (????-??-??) [?]
** Changes in behavior
On GNU/Linux systems, ls no longer issues an error message on
directory merely because it was removed. This reverts a change
that was made in release 8.32.
* Noteworthy changes in release 8.32 (2020-03-05) [stable]
** Bug fixes
cp now copies /dev/fd/N correctly on platforms like Solaris where
it is a character-special file whose minor device number is N.
[bug introduced in fileutils-4.1.6]
dd conv=fdatasync no longer reports a "Bad file descriptor" error
when fdatasync is interrupted, and dd now retries interrupted calls
to close, fdatasync, fstat and fsync instead of incorrectly
reporting an "Interrupted system call" error.
[bugs introduced in coreutils-6.0]
df now correctly parses the /proc/self/mountinfo file for unusual entries
like ones with '\r' in a field value ("mount -t tmpfs tmpfs /foo$'\r'bar"),
when the source field is empty ('mount -t tmpfs "" /mnt'), and when the
filesystem type contains characters like a blank which need escaping.
[bugs introduced in coreutils-8.24 with the introduction of reading
the /proc/self/mountinfo file]
factor again outputs immediately when stdout is a tty but stdin is not.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
ln works again on old systems without O_DIRECTORY support (like Solaris 10),
and on systems where symlink ("x", ".") fails with errno == EINVAL
(like Solaris 10 and Solaris 11).
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.31]
rmdir --ignore-fail-on-non-empty now works correctly for directories
that fail to be removed due to permission issues. Previously the exit status
was reversed, failing for non empty and succeeding for empty directories.
[bug introduced in coreutils-6.11]
'shuf -r -n 0 file' no longer mistakenly reads from standard input.
[bug introduced with the --repeat feature in coreutils-8.22]
split no longer reports a "output file suffixes exhausted" error
when the specified number of files is evenly divisible by 10, 16, 26,
for --numeric, --hex, or default alphabetic suffixes respectively.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
seq no longer prints an extra line under certain circumstances (such as
'seq -f "%g " 1000000 1000000').
[bug introduced in coreutils-6.10]
** Changes in behavior
Several programs now check that numbers end properly. For example,
'du -d 1x' now reports an error instead of silently ignoring the 'x'.
Affected programs and options include du -d, expr's numeric operands
on non-GMP builds, install -g and -o, ls's TABSIZE environment
variable, mknod b and c, ptx -g and -w, shuf -n, and sort --batch-size
and --parallel.
date now parses military time zones in accordance with common usage:
"A" to "M" are equivalent to UTC+1 to UTC+12
"N" to "Y" are equivalent to UTC-1 to UTC-12
"Z" is "zulu" time (UTC).
For example, 'date -d "09:00B" is now equivalent to 9am in UTC+2 time zone.
Previously, military time zones were parsed according to the obsolete
rfc822, with their value negated (e.g., "B" was equivalent to UTC-2).
[The old behavior was introduced in sh-utils 2.0.15 ca. 1999, predating
coreutils package.]
ls issues an error message on a removed directory, on GNU/Linux systems.
Previously no error and no entries were output, and so indistinguishable
from an empty directory, with default ls options.
uniq no longer uses strcoll() to determine string equivalence,
and so will operate more efficiently and consistently.
** New Features
ls now supports the --time=birth option to display and sort by
file creation time, where available.
od --skip-bytes now can use lseek even if the input is not a regular
file, greatly improving performance in some cases.
stat(1) supports a new --cached= option, used on systems with statx(2)
to control cache coherency of file system attributes,
useful on network file systems.
** Improvements
stat and ls now use the statx() system call where available, which can
operate more efficiently by only retrieving requested attributes.
stat and tail now know about the "binderfs", "dma-buf-fs", "erofs",
"ppc-cmm-fs", and "z3fold" file systems.
stat -f -c%T now reports the file system type, and tail -f uses inotify.
** Build-related
gzip-compressed tarballs are distributed once again
* Noteworthy changes in release 8.31 (2019-03-10) [stable]
** Bug fixes
'base64 a b' now correctly diagnoses 'b' as the extra operand, not 'a'.
[bug introduced in coreutils-5.3.0]
When B already exists, 'cp -il A B' no longer immediately fails
after asking the user whether to proceed.
[This bug was present in "the beginning".]
df no longer corrupts displayed multibyte characters on macOS.
[bug introduced with coreutils-8.18]
seq no longer outputs inconsistent decimal point characters
for the last number, when locales are misconfigured.
[bug introduced in coreutils-7.0]
shred, sort, and split no longer falsely report ftruncate errors
when outputting to less-common file types. For example, the shell
command 'sort /dev/null -o /dev/stdout | cat' no longer fails with
an "error truncating" diagnostic.
[bug was introduced with coreutils-8.18 for sort and split, and
(for shared memory objects only) with fileutils-4.1 for shred]
sync no longer fails for write-only file arguments.
[bug introduced with argument support to sync in coreutils-8.24]
'tail -f file | filter' no longer exits immediately on AIX.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.28]
'tail -f file | filter' no longer goes into an infinite loop
if filter exits and SIGPIPE is ignored.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.28]
** Changes in behavior
cksum, dd, hostid, hostname, link, logname, sleep, tsort, unlink,
uptime, users, whoami, yes: now always process --help and --version options,
regardless of any other arguments present before any optional '--'
end-of-options marker.
nohup now processes --help and --version as first options even if other
parameters follow.
'yes a -- b' now outputs 'a b' instead of including the end-of-options
marker as before: 'a -- b'.
echo now always processes backslash escapes when the POSIXLY_CORRECT
environment variable is set.
When possible 'ln A B' now merely links A to B and reports an error
if this fails, instead of statting A and B before linking. This
uses fewer system calls and avoids some races. The old statting
approach is still used in situations where hard links to directories
are allowed (e.g., NetBSD when superuser).
ls --group-directories-first will also group symlinks to directories.
'test -a FILE' is not supported anymore. Long ago, there were concerns about
the high probability of humans confusing the -a primary with the -a binary
operator, so POSIX changed this to 'test -e FILE'. Scripts using it were
already broken and non-portable; the -a unary operator was never documented.
wc now treats non breaking space characters as word delimiters
unless the POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable is set.
** New features
id now supports specifying multiple users.
'date' now supports the '+' conversion specification flag,
introduced in POSIX.1-2017.
printf, seq, sleep, tail, and timeout now accept floating point
numbers in either the current or the C locale. For example, if the
current locale's decimal point is ',', 'sleep 0,1' and 'sleep 0.1'
now mean the same thing. Previously, these commands accepted only
C-locale syntax with '.' as the decimal point. The new behavior is
more compatible with other implementations in non-C locales.
test now supports the '-N FILE' unary operator (like e.g. bash) to check
whether FILE exists and has been modified since it was last read.
env now supports '--default-signal[=SIG]', '--ignore-signal[=SIG]', and
'--block-signal[=SIG], to setup signal handling before executing a program.
env now supports '--list-signal-handling' to indicate non-default
signal handling before executing a program.
** New commands
basenc is added to complement existing base64,base32 commands,
and encodes and decodes printable text using various common encodings:
base64,base64url,base32,base32hex,base16,base2,z85.
** Improvements
ls -l now better aligns abbreviated months containing digits,
which is common in Asian locales.
stat and tail now know about the "sdcardfs" file system on Android.
stat -f -c%T now reports the file system type, and tail -f uses inotify.
stat now prints file creation time when supported by the file system,
on GNU Linux systems with glibc >= 2.28 and kernel >= 4.11.
* Noteworthy changes in release 8.30 (2018-07-01) [stable]
** Bug fixes
'cp --symlink SRC DST' will again correctly validate DST.
If DST is a regular file and SRC is a symlink to DST,
then cp will no longer allow that operation to clobber DST.
Also with -d, if DST is a symlink, then it can always be replaced,
even if it points to SRC on a separate device.
[bugs introduced with coreutils-8.27]
'cp -n -u' and 'mv -n -u' now consistently ignore the -u option.
Previously, this option combination suffered from race conditions
that caused -u to sometimes override -n.
[bug introduced with coreutils-7.1]
'cp -a --no-preserve=mode' now sets appropriate default permissions
for non regular files like fifos and character device nodes etc.,
and leaves mode bits of existing files unchanged.
Previously it would have set executable bits on created special files,
and set mode bits for existing files as if they had been created.
[bug introduced with coreutils-8.20]
'cp --remove-destination file symlink' now removes the symlink
even if it can't be traversed.
[bug introduced with --remove-destination in fileutils-4.1.1]
ls no longer truncates the abbreviated month names that have a
display width between 6 and 12 inclusive. Previously this would have
output ambiguous months for Arabic or Catalan locales.
'ls -aA' is now equivalent to 'ls -A', since -A now overrides -a.
[bug introduced in coreutils-5.3.0]
'mv -n A B' no longer suffers from a race condition that can
overwrite a simultaneously-created B. This bug fix requires
platform support for the renameat2 or renameatx_np syscalls, found
in recent Linux and macOS kernels. As a side effect, 'mv -n A A'
now silently does nothing if A exists.
[bug introduced with coreutils-7.1]
** Changes in behavior
'cp --force file symlink' now removes the symlink even if
it is self referential.
ls --color now matches file extensions case insensitively.
** New features
cp --reflink now supports --reflink=never to enforce a standard copy.
env supports a new -v/--debug option to show verbose information about
each processing step.
env supports a new -S/--split-string=S option to split a single argument
string into multiple arguments. Used to pass multiple arguments in scripts
(shebang lines).
md5sum accepts a new option: --zero (-z) to delimit the output lines with a
NUL instead of a newline character. This also disables file name escaping.
This also applies to sha*sum and b2sum.
rm --preserve-root now supports the --preserve-root=all option to
reject any command line argument that is mounted to a separate file system.
** Improvements
cut supports line lengths up to the max file size on 32 bit systems.
Previously only offsets up to SIZE_MAX-1 were supported.
stat and tail now know about the "exfs" file system, which is a
version of XFS. stat -f --format=%T now reports the file system type,
and tail -f uses inotify.
wc avoids redundant processing of ASCII text in multibyte locales,
which is especially significant on macOS.
* Noteworthy changes in release 8.29 (2017-12-27) [stable]
** Bug fixes
b2sum no longer crashes when processing certain truncated check files.
[bug introduced with b2sum coreutils-8.26]
dd now ensures the correct cache ranges are specified for the "nocache"
and "direct" flags. Previously some pages in the page cache were not
invalidated. [bug introduced for "direct" in coreutils-7.5,
and with the "nocache" implementation in coreutils-8.11]
df no longer hangs when given a fifo argument.
[bug introduced in coreutils-7.3]
ptx -S no longer infloops for a pattern which returns zero-length matches.
[the bug dates back to the initial implementation]
shred --remove will again repeatedly rename files with shortening names
to attempt to hide the original length of the file name.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.28]
stty no longer crashes when processing settings with -F also specified.
[bug introduced in fileutils-4.0]
tail --bytes again supports non seekable inputs on all systems.
On systems like android it always tried to process as seekable inputs.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
timeout will again notice its managed command exiting, even when
invoked with blocked CHLD signal, or in a narrow window where
this CHLD signal from the exiting child was missed. In each case
timeout would have then waited for the time limit to expire.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.27]
** New features
timeout now supports the --verbose option to diagnose forced termination.
** Improvements
dd now supports iflag=direct with arbitrary sized files on all file systems.
tail --bytes=NUM will efficiently seek to the end of block devices,
rather than reading from the start.
Utilities which do not support long options (other than the default --help
and --version), e.g. cksum and sleep, now use more consistent error diagnostic
for unknown long options.
** Build-related
Default man pages are now distributed which are used if perl is
not available on the build system, or when cross compiling.
* Noteworthy changes in release 8.28 (2017-09-01) [stable]
** Bug fixes
cp and mv now merely warn about any failure to preserve symlink ownership.
Before, cp (without -p) would exit with a failure status, and a cross-device
mv would leave such symlinks behind in the source file system.
[the bug dates back to the initial implementation]
When creating numbered backups, cp, install, ln, and mv now avoid
races that could lose backup data in unlikely circumstances. Since
the fix relies on the renameat2 system call of Linux kernel 3.15 and
later, the races are still present on other platforms.
[the bug dates back to the initial implementation]
cp, install, ln, and mv no longer lose data when asked to copy a
backup file to its original via a differently-spelled file name.
E.g., 'rm -f a a~; : > a; echo data > a~; cp --backup=simple a~ ./a'
now fails instead of losing the data.
[the bug dates back to the initial implementation]
cp, install, ln, and mv now ignore nonsensical backup suffixes.
For example, --suffix='/' and --suffix='' are now no-ops.
[the bug dates back to the initial implementation]
date and touch no longer overwrite the heap with large
user specified TZ values (CVE-2017-7476).
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.27]
dd status=progress now just counts seconds; e.g., it outputs "6 s"
consistently rather than sometimes outputting "6.00001 s".
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
df no longer interacts with excluded file system types, so for example
specifying -x nfs no longer hangs with problematic nfs mounts.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.21]
df no longer interacts with dummy file system types, so for example
no longer hangs with problematic nfs mounted via system.automount(5).
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.21]
`groups inva:lid root` no longer exits immediately upon failure.
Now, it prints a diagnostic or a line to stdout for each argument.
[bug introduced in the bourne-shell-to-C rewrite for coreutils-6.11]
kill now converts from number to signal name correctly on AIX.
Previously it would have always returned the 'EXIT' name.
[bug introduced in fileutils-4.1.9]
ls now quotes symlink targets consistently. Previously it may not
have quoted the target name if the link name itself didn't need quoting.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.26]
split no longer exits when invocations of a --filter return EPIPE.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.26]
md5sum --check no longer incorrectly enables BSD reversed format mode when
ignoring some non checksum lines. This also affects sha*sum and b2sum.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.14]
tail -F 'dir/file' is now monitored even when 'dir' is replaced.
[bug introduced with inotify support added in coreutils-7.5]
tail -f with --pid=PID now processes all inotify events.
Previously events may have been ignored completely upon PID death,
or ignored until future events on the monitored files.
[bug introduced with inotify support added in coreutils-7.5]
tail -f /dev/tty is now supported by not using inotify when any
non regular files are specified, as inotify is ineffective with these.
[bug introduced with inotify support added in coreutils-7.5]
uptime no longer outputs the AM/PM component of the current time,
as that's inconsistent with the 24 hour time format used.
[bug introduced in coreutils-7.0]
expr now returns number of characters matched (instead of incorrect
number of bytes matched) with 'match'/':' operators on multibyte strings.
** New features
expand and unexpand now support specifying an offset for tab stops
by prefixing the last specified number like --tabs=1,+8 which is
useful for visualizing diff output for example.
ls supports a new --hyperlink[=when] option to output file://
format links to files, supported by some terminals.
split supports a new --hex-suffixes[=from] option to create files with
lower case hexadecimal suffixes, similar to the --numeric-suffixes option.
env now has a --chdir (-C) option to change the working directory before
executing the subsidiary program.
expr supports multibyte strings for all string operations.
** Changes in behavior
tail -f now exits immediately if the output is piped and the reader of
the pipe terminates. That allows `tail -f file | grep -q foo` to return
responsively, but does make `tail -f file | :` exit immediately without
waiting for data. Instead one should now `tail -f file | grep -q .`
** Improvements
mv --verbose now distinguishes rename and copy operations.
stat -f -c %l, used to output the max file name length on a file system,
is now supported on FreeBSD and OpenBSD.
tail -f no longer erroneously warns about being ineffective
when following a single tty, as the simple blocking loop used
is effective in this case.
* Noteworthy changes in release 8.27 (2017-03-08) [stable]
** Bug fixes
cp --parents will now set an SELinux context for created directories,
as appropriate for the -a, --preseve=context, or -Z options.
[bug present since SELinux support added in coreutils-6.10]
date again converts from a specified time zone. Previously output was
not converted to the local time zone, and remained in the specified one.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.26]
Commands like 'cp --no-dereference -l A B' are no longer quiet no-ops
when A is a regular file and B is a symbolic link that points to A.
[bug introduced in fileutils-4.0]
factor no longer goes into an infinite loop for certain numbers like
158909489063877810457 and 222087527029934481871.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.20]
tail no longer prints redundant file headers with interleaved inotify events,
which could be triggered especially when tail was suspended and resumed.
[bug introduced with inotify support added in coreutils-7.5]
timeout no longer has a race that may terminate the wrong process.
The race is unlikely, as timeout(1) needs to receive a signal right
after the command being monitored finishes. Also the system needs
to have reallocated that command's pid in that short time window.
[bug introduced when timeout was added in coreutils-7.0]
wc --bytes --files0-from now correctly reports byte counts.
Previously it may have returned values that were too large,
depending on the size of the first file processed.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
** Improvements
The new 'date' option --rfc-email is now the long form for -R.
The new option spelling is intended to avoid the need to track the
Internet RFC number for email dates (currently RFC 5322). The old
option spellings --rfc-2822 and --rfc-822 still work.
date now outputs "-00" for a numeric time zone if the time is UTC
and the time zone abbreviation begins with "-", indicating that the
time zone is indeterminate.
nproc now honors the OMP_THREAD_LIMIT environment variable to
set the maximum returned value. OMP_NUM_THREADS continues to
set the minimum returned value, but is updated to support the
nested level syntax allowed in this variable.
stat and tail now know about the "rdt" file system, which is an interface
to Resource Director Technology. stat -f --format=%T now reports the
file system type, and tail -f uses inotify.
stty now validates arguments before interacting with the device,
ensuring there are no side effects to specifying an invalid option.
If the file B already exists, commands like 'ln -f A B' and
'cp -fl A B' no longer remove B before creating the new link.
That is, there is no longer a brief moment when B does not exist.
** New features
expand and unexpand now support specifying a tab size to use
after explicitly specified tab stops, by prefixing the last
specified number like --tabs=2,4,/8.
* Noteworthy changes in release 8.26 (2016-11-30) [stable]
** Bug fixes
cp, mv, and install no longer run into undefined behavior when
handling ACLs on Cygwin and Solaris platforms. [bug introduced in
coreutils-8.24]
cp --parents --no-preserve=mode, no longer copies permissions from source
directories, instead using default permissions for created directories.
[bug introduced in coreutils-5.93]
chcon, chgrp, chmod, chown, du, and rm, or specifically utilities
using the FTS interface, now diagnose failures returned by readdir().
[this bug was inherent in the use of fts: thus, for rm the bug was
introduced in coreutils-8.0. du, chmod, chgrp and chown started using
fts in 6.0. chcon was added in coreutils-6.9.91 with fts support. ]
date, du, ls, and pr no longer mishandle time zone abbreviations on
System V style platforms where this information is available only
in the global variable 'tzname'. [bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
factor again outputs immediately when numbers are input interactively.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
head no longer tries to process non-seekable input as seekable,
which resulted in failures on FreeBSD 11 at least.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
install -DZ and mkdir -pZ now set default SELinux context correctly even if
two or more directories nested in each other are created and each of them
defaults to a different SELinux context.
ls --time-style no longer mishandles '%%b' in formats.
[bug introduced in coreutils-7.2]
md5sum --check --ignore-missing no longer treats files with checksums
starting with "00" as missing. This also affects sha*sum.
[bug introduced with the --ignore-missing feature in coreutils-8.25]
nl now resets numbering for each page section rather than just for each page.
[This bug was present in "the beginning".]
pr now handles specified separator strings containing tabs correctly.
Previously it would have output random data from memory.
[This bug was detected with ASAN and present in "the beginning".]
sort -h -k now works even in locales that use blank as thousands separator.
stty --help no longer outputs extraneous gettext header lines
for translated languages. [bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
stty "sane" again sets "susp" to ^z on Solaris, and leaves "swtch" undefined.
[This bug previously fixed only on some older Solaris systems]
seq now immediately exits upon write errors.
[This bug was present in "the beginning".]
tac no longer crashes when there are issues reading from non-seekable inputs.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.15]
tail -F now continues to process initially untailable files that are replaced
by a tailable file. This was handled correctly when inotify was available,
and is now handled correctly in all cases.
[bug introduced in fileutils-4.0h]
tail -f - 'untailable file' will now terminate when there is no more data
to read from stdin. Previously it behaved as if --retry was specified.
[This bug was present in "the beginning".]
tail -f 'remote file' will now avoid outputting repeated data on network
file systems that misreport file sizes through stale metadata.
[This bug was present in "the beginning" but exacerbated in coreutils-8.24]
tail -f --retry 'missing file' will now process truncations of that file.
Previously truncation was ignored thus not outputting new data in the file.
[bug introduced in coreutils-5.3.0]
tail -f will no longer continually try to open inaccessible files,
only doing so if --retry is specified.
[This bug was present in "the beginning".]
yes now handles short writes, rather than assuming all writes complete.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
** Changes in behavior
rm no longer accepts shortened variants of the --no-preserve-root option.
seq no longer accepts 0 value as increment, and now also rejects NaN
values for any argument.
stat now outputs nanosecond information for timestamps even if
they are out of localtime range.
sort, tail, and uniq now support traditional usage like 'sort +2'
and 'tail +10' on systems conforming to POSIX 1003.1-2008 and later.
The 2008 edition of POSIX dropped the requirement that arguments
like '+2' must be treated as file names.
** Improvements
dd now warns about counts specified with a 0x "prefix", since dd will
interpret those as a zero multiplier rather than a hex constant.
The warning suggests to use 00x if a zero multiplier is really intended.
df now filters the system mount list more efficiently, with 20000
mount entries now being processed in about 1.1s compared to 1.7s.
du, shuf, sort, and uniq no longer fail to process a specified file
when their stdin is closed, which would have happened with glibc >= 2.14.
install -Z now also sets the default SELinux context for created directories.
ls is now fully responsive to signals until the first escape sequence is
written to a terminal.
ls now aligns quoted items with non quoted items, which is easier to read,
and also better indicates that the quote is not part of the actual name.
stat and tail now know about these file systems:
"balloon-kvm-fs" KVM dynamic RAM allocation support,
"cgroup2" Linux Control Groups V2 support,
"daxfs" Optical media file system,
"m1fs" A Plexistor file system,
"prl_fs" A parallels file system,
"smb2" Samba for SMB protocol V2,
"wslfs" Windows Subsystem for Linux,
"zsmalloc" Linux compressed swap support,
stat -f --format=%T now reports the file system type, and
tail -f uses polling for "prl_fs" and "smb2", and inotify for others.
stat --format=%N for quoting file names now honors the
same QUOTING_STYLE environment variable values as ls.
** New programs
b2sum is added to support the BLAKE2 digest algorithm with
a similar interface to the existing md5sum and sha1sum, etc. commands.
** New Features
comm now accepts the --total option to output a summary at the end.
date now accepts the --debug option, to annotate the parsed date string,
display timezone information, and warn about potential misuse.
date now accepts the %q format to output the quarter of the year.
* Noteworthy changes in release 8.25 (2016-01-20) [stable]
** Bug fixes
cp now correctly copies files with a hole at the end of the file,
and extents allocated beyond the apparent size of the file.
That combination resulted in the trailing hole not being reproduced.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.10]
cut --fields no longer outputs extraneous characters on some uClibc configs.
[bug introduced in coreutils-6.11]
install -D again copies relative file names when absolute file names
are also specified along with an absolute destination directory name.
[bug introduced in coreutils-6.2]
ls no longer prematurely wraps lines when printing short file names.
[bug introduced in coreutils-5.1.0]
mv no longer causes data loss due to removing a source directory specified
multiple times, when that directory is also specified as the destination.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.24]
shred again uses defined patterns for all iteration counts.
[bug introduced in coreutils-5.93]
sort --debug -b now correctly marks the matching extents for keys
that specify an offset for the first field.
[bug introduced with the --debug feature in coreutils-8.6]
tail -F now works with initially non existent files on a remote file system.
[bug introduced in coreutils-7.5]
** New commands
base32 is added to complement the existing base64 command,
and encodes and decodes printable text as per RFC 4648.
** New features
comm,cut,head,numfmt,paste,tail now have the -z,--zero-terminated option, and
tac --separator accepts an empty argument, to work with NUL delimited items.
dd now summarizes sizes in --human-readable format too, not just --si.
E.g., "3441325000 bytes (3.4 GB, 3.2 GiB) copied". It omits the summaries
if they would not provide useful information, e.g., "3 bytes copied".
Its status=progress output now uses the same format as ordinary status,
perhaps with trailing spaces to erase previous progress output.
md5sum now supports the --ignore-missing option to allow
verifying a subset of files given a larger list of checksums.
This also affects sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum and sha512sum.
printf now supports the '%q' format to print arguments in a form that
is reusable by most shells, with non-printable characters escaped
with the POSIX proposed $'...' syntax.
stty now supports the "[-]drain" setting to control whether to wait
for transmission of pending output before application of settings.
** Changes in behavior
base64 no longer supports hex or oct --wrap parameters,
thus better supporting decimals with leading zeros.
date --iso-8601 now uses +00:00 timezone format rather than +0000.
The standard states to use this "extended" format throughout a timestamp.
df now prefers sources towards the root of a device when
eliding duplicate bind mounted entries.
ls now quotes file names unambiguously and appropriate for use in a shell,
when outputting to a terminal.
join, sort, uniq with --zero-terminated, now treat '\n' as a field delimiter.
** Improvements
All utilities now quote user supplied arguments in error strings,
which avoids confusing error messages in the presence of '\r' chars etc.
Utilities that traverse directories, like chmod, cp, and rm etc., will operate
more efficiently on XFS through the use of "leaf optimization".
md5sum now ensures a single line per file for status on standard output,
by using a '\' at the start of the line, and replacing any newlines with '\n'.
This also affects sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum and sha512sum.
dircolors now supports globbing of TERM entries in its database.
For example "TERM *256color*" is now supported.
du no longer stats all mount points at startup, only doing so
upon detection of a directory cycle.
[issue introduced in coreutils-8.20]
ls -w0 is now interpreted as no limit on the length of the outputted line.
stat -f --format=%T now reports the file system type for new Linux
pseudo file systems "bpf_fs", "btrfs_test", "nsfs", "overlayfs"
and "tracefs", and remote file system "acfs".
wc now ensures a single line per file for counts on standard output,
by quoting names containing '\n' characters; appropriate for use in a shell.
* Noteworthy changes in release 8.24 (2015-07-03) [stable]
** Bug fixes
dd supports more robust SIGINFO/SIGUSR1 handling for outputting statistics.
Previously those signals may have inadvertently terminated the process.
df --local no longer hangs with inaccessible remote mounts.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.21]
du now silently ignores all directory cycles due to bind mounts.
Previously it would issue a warning and exit with a failure status.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.1 and partially fixed in coreutils-8.23]
chroot again calls chroot(DIR) and chdir("/"), even if DIR is "/".
This handles separate bind mounted "/" trees, and environments
depending on the implicit chdir("/").
[bugs introduced in coreutils-8.23]
cp no longer issues an incorrect warning about directory hardlinks when a
source directory is specified multiple times. Now, consistent with other
file types, a warning is issued for source directories with duplicate names,
or with -H the directory is copied again using the symlink name.
factor avoids writing partial lines, thus supporting parallel operation.
[the bug dates back to the initial implementation]
head, od, split, tac, tail, and wc no longer mishandle input from files in
/proc and /sys file systems that report somewhat-incorrect file sizes.
mkdir --parents -Z now correctly sets the context for the last component,
even if the parent directory exists and has a different default context.
[bug introduced with the -Z restorecon functionality in coreutils-8.22]
numfmt no longer outputs incorrect overflowed values seen with certain
large numbers, or with numbers with increased precision.
[bug introduced when numfmt was added in coreutils-8.21]
numfmt now handles leading zeros correctly, not counting them when
settings processing limits, and making them optional with floating point.
[bug introduced when numfmt was added in coreutils-8.21]
paste no longer truncates output for large input files. This would happen
for example with files larger than 4GiB on 32 bit systems with a '\n'
character at the 4GiB position.
[the bug dates back to the initial implementation]
rm indicates the correct number of arguments in its confirmation prompt,
on all platforms. [bug introduced in coreutils-8.22]
shuf -i with a single redundant operand, would crash instead of issuing
a diagnostic. [bug introduced in coreutils-8.22]
tail releases inotify resources when unused. Previously it could exhaust
resources with many files, or with -F if files were replaced many times.
[bug introduced in coreutils-7.5]
tail -f again follows changes to a file after it's renamed.
[bug introduced in coreutils-7.5]
tail --follow no longer misses changes to files if those files were
replaced before inotify watches were created.
[bug introduced in coreutils-7.5]
tail --follow consistently outputs all data for a truncated file.
[bug introduced in the beginning]
tail --follow=name correctly outputs headers for multiple files
when those files are being created or renamed.
[bug introduced in coreutils-7.5]
** New features
chroot accepts the new --skip-chdir option to not change the working directory
to "/" after changing into the chroot(2) jail, thus retaining the current wor-
king directory. The new option is only permitted if the new root directory is
the old "/", and therefore is useful with the --group and --userspec options.
dd accepts a new status=progress level to print data transfer statistics
on stderr approximately every second.
numfmt can now process multiple fields with field range specifications similar
to cut, and supports setting the output precision with the --format option.
split accepts a new --separator option to select a record separator character
other than the default newline character.
stty allows setting the "extproc" option where supported, which is
a useful setting with high latency links.
sync no longer ignores arguments, and syncs each specified file, or with the
--file-system option, the file systems associated with each specified file.
tee accepts a new --output-error option to control operation with pipes
and output errors in general.
** Changes in behavior
df no longer suppresses separate exports of the same remote device, as
these are generally explicitly mounted. The --total option does still
suppress duplicate remote file systems.
[suppression was introduced in coreutils-8.21]
mv no longer supports moving a file to a hardlink, instead issuing an error.
The implementation was susceptible to races in the presence of multiple mv
instances, which could result in both hardlinks being deleted. Also on case
insensitive file systems like HFS, mv would just remove a hardlinked 'file'
if called like `mv file File`. The feature was added in coreutils-5.0.1.
numfmt --from-unit and --to-unit options now interpret suffixes as SI units,
and IEC (power of 2) units are now specified by appending 'i'.
tee will exit early if there are no more writable outputs.
tee does not treat the file operand '-' as meaning standard output any longer,
for better conformance to POSIX. This feature was added in coreutils-5.3.0.
timeout --foreground no longer sends SIGCONT to the monitored process,
which was seen to cause intermittent issues with GDB for example.
** Improvements
cp,install,mv will convert smaller runs of NULs in the input to holes,
and cp --sparse=always avoids speculative preallocation on XFS for example.
cp will read sparse files more efficiently when the destination is a
non regular file. For example when copying a disk image to a device node.
mv will try a reflink before falling back to a standard copy, which is
more efficient when moving files across BTRFS subvolume boundaries.
stat and tail now know about IBRIX. stat -f --format=%T now reports the file
system type, and tail -f uses polling for files on IBRIX file systems.
wc -l processes short lines much more efficiently.
References from --help and the man pages of utilities have been corrected
in various cases, and more direct links to the corresponding online
documentation are provided.
* Noteworthy changes in release 8.23 (2014-07-18) [stable]
** Bug fixes
chmod -Rc no longer issues erroneous warnings for files with special bits set.
[bug introduced in coreutils-6.0]
cp -a, mv, and install --preserve-context, once again set the correct SELinux
context for existing directories in the destination. Previously they set
the context of an existing directory to that of its last copied descendant.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.22]
cp -a, mv, and install --preserve-context, no longer seg fault when running
with SELinux enabled, when copying from file systems that return an error
when reading the SELinux context for a file.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.22]
cp -a and mv now preserve xattrs of symlinks copied across file systems.
[bug introduced with extended attribute preservation feature in coreutils-7.1]
date could crash or go into an infinite loop when parsing a malformed TZ="".
[bug introduced with the --date='TZ="" ..' parsing feature in coreutils-5.3.0]
dd's ASCII and EBCDIC conversions were incompatible with common practice and
with POSIX, and have been corrected as follows. First, conv=ascii now
implies conv=unblock, and conv=ebcdic and conv=ibm now imply conv=block.
Second, the translation tables for dd conv=ascii and conv=ebcdic have been
corrected as shown in the following table, where A is the ASCII value, W is
the old, wrong EBCDIC value, and E is the new, corrected EBCDIC value; all
values are in octal.
A W E
041 117 132
133 112 255
135 132 275
136 137 232
174 152 117
176 241 137
313 232 152
325 255 112
345 275 241
[These dd bugs were present in "the beginning".]
df has more fixes related to the newer dynamic representation of file systems:
Duplicates are elided for virtual file systems like tmpfs.
Details for the correct device are output for points mounted multiple times.
Placeholder values are output for inaccessible file systems, rather than
than error messages or values for the wrong file system.
[These bugs were present in "the beginning".]
df now outputs all appropriate entries in the presence of bind mounts.
On some systems, entries would have been incorrectly elided due to
them being considered "dummy" mounts.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.22]
du now silently ignores directory cycles introduced with bind mounts.
Previously it would issue a warning and exit with a failure status.
[bug introduced in coreutils-8.1]
head --bytes=-N and --lines=-N now handles devices more
consistently, not ignoring data from virtual devices like /dev/zero,
or on BSD systems data from tty devices.
[bug introduced in coreutils-5.0.1]
head --bytes=-N - no longer fails with a bogus diagnostic when stdin's
seek pointer is not at the beginning.
[bug introduced with the --bytes=-N feature in coreutils-5.0.1]