diff --git a/app/models/iiif_canvas_presenter.rb b/app/models/iiif_canvas_presenter.rb
index 6fc9849e6f..6c24876d21 100644
--- a/app/models/iiif_canvas_presenter.rb
+++ b/app/models/iiif_canvas_presenter.rb
@@ -139,9 +139,7 @@ def structure_to_iiif_range
     def root_to_iiif_range(root_node)
       range = div_to_iiif_range(root_node)
 
-      if only_empty_descendants?(root_node)
-        range.items.prepend(IiifCanvasPresenter.new(master_file: master_file, stream_info: stream_info, media_fragment: "t=0,#{stream_info[:duration]}"))
-      end
+      range.items.prepend(IiifCanvasPresenter.new(master_file: master_file, stream_info: stream_info, media_fragment: "t=0,#{stream_info[:duration]}"))
 
       return range
     end
@@ -171,10 +169,6 @@ def span_to_iiif_range(span_node)
       )
     end
 
-    def only_empty_descendants?(node)
-      node.xpath('.//Span').empty?
-    end
-
     FLOAT_PATTERN = Regexp.new(/^\d+([.]\d*)?$/).freeze
 
     def parse_hour_min_sec(s)
diff --git a/spec/models/iiif_canvas_presenter_spec.rb b/spec/models/iiif_canvas_presenter_spec.rb
index ae8af87880..2c4099f997 100644
--- a/spec/models/iiif_canvas_presenter_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/iiif_canvas_presenter_spec.rb
@@ -74,15 +74,17 @@
       master_file.structuralMetadata.content = structure_xml
     end
 
-    it 'converts stored xml into IIIF ranges' do
+    it 'converts stored xml into IIIF ranges with canvas reference in root range' do
       expect(subject.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Test"]}'
-      expect(subject.items.size).to eq 1
-      expect(subject.items.first.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Div 1"]}'
-      expect(subject.items.first.items.size).to eq 1
-      expect(subject.items.first.items.first.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Span 1"]}'
-      expect(subject.items.first.items.first.items.size).to eq 1
-      expect(subject.items.first.items.first.items.first).to be_a IiifCanvasPresenter
-      expect(subject.items.first.items.first.items.first.media_fragment).to eq 't=0.0,1.235'
+      expect(subject.items.size).to eq 2
+      expect(subject.items.first).to be_a IiifCanvasPresenter
+      expect(subject.items.first.media_fragment).to eq "t=0,#{master_file.duration.to_f/1000}"
+      expect(subject.items.second.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Div 1"]}'
+      expect(subject.items.second.items.size).to eq 1
+      expect(subject.items.second.items.first.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Span 1"]}'
+      expect(subject.items.second.items.first.items.size).to eq 1
+      expect(subject.items.second.items.first.items.first).to be_a IiifCanvasPresenter
+      expect(subject.items.second.items.first.items.first.media_fragment).to eq 't=0.0,1.235'
     end
 
     context 'with no structural metadata' do
@@ -117,19 +119,21 @@
       context 'with spans' do
         let(:structure_xml) { '<?xml version="1.0"?><Item label="Test"><Div label="Div 1"><Div label="Div 2"><Div label="Div 3"/></Div><Span label="Span 1" begin="00:00:00.000" end="00:00:01.235"/></Div></Item>' }
 
-        it 'does not generate a canvas reference in the root range' do
+        it 'generates a canvas reference in the root range' do
           expect(subject.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Test"]}'
-          expect(subject.items.size).to eq 1
-          expect(subject.items.first.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Div 1"]}'
-          expect(subject.items.first.items.size).to eq 2
-          expect(subject.items.first.items.first.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Div 2"]}'
-          expect(subject.items.first.items.first.items.size).to eq 1
-          expect(subject.items.first.items.first.items.first.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Div 3"]}'
-          expect(subject.items.first.items.first.items.first.items.size).to eq 0
-          expect(subject.items.first.items.second.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Span 1"]}'
-          expect(subject.items.first.items.second.items.size).to eq 1
-          expect(subject.items.first.items.second.items.first).to be_a IiifCanvasPresenter
-          expect(subject.items.first.items.second.items.first.media_fragment).to eq 't=0.0,1.235'
+          expect(subject.items.size).to eq 2
+          expect(subject.items.first).to be_a IiifCanvasPresenter
+          expect(subject.items.first.media_fragment).to eq "t=0,#{master_file.duration.to_f/1000}"
+          expect(subject.items.second.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Div 1"]}'
+          expect(subject.items.second.items.size).to eq 2
+          expect(subject.items.second.items.first.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Div 2"]}'
+          expect(subject.items.second.items.first.items.size).to eq 1
+          expect(subject.items.second.items.first.items.first.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Div 3"]}'
+          expect(subject.items.second.items.first.items.first.items.size).to eq 0
+          expect(subject.items.second.items.second.label.to_s).to eq '{"none"=>["Span 1"]}'
+          expect(subject.items.second.items.second.items.size).to eq 1
+          expect(subject.items.second.items.second.items.first).to be_a IiifCanvasPresenter
+          expect(subject.items.second.items.second.items.first.media_fragment).to eq 't=0.0,1.235'
         end
       end
     end