diff --git a/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go b/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go
index 1decb81934..d0674bdab0 100644
--- a/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go
+++ b/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go
@@ -349,6 +349,7 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 	}
 	// Re-create statedb instance with new root upon the updated database
 	// for accessing latest states.
+	// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	statedb, err = state.New(root, statedb.Database(), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, nil, NewError(ErrorEVM, fmt.Errorf("could not reopen state: %v", err))
@@ -358,7 +359,9 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 }
 
 func MakePreState(db ethdb.Database, accounts types.GenesisAlloc) *state.StateDB {
+	// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	sdb := state.NewDatabaseWithConfig(db, &triedb.Config{Preimages: true})
+	// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, sdb, nil)
 	for addr, a := range accounts {
 		statedb.SetCode(addr, a.Code)
@@ -372,6 +375,7 @@ func MakePreState(db ethdb.Database, accounts types.GenesisAlloc) *state.StateDB
 	statedb.Finalise(false)
 	statedb.AccountsIntermediateRoot()
 	root, _, _ := statedb.Commit(0, nil)
+	// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	statedb, _ = state.New(root, sdb, nil)
 	return statedb
 }
diff --git a/cmd/evm/runner.go b/cmd/evm/runner.go
index 274b4ab625..94033be229 100644
--- a/cmd/evm/runner.go
+++ b/cmd/evm/runner.go
@@ -148,12 +148,14 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	}
 
 	db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
+	// TODO:: ignore cmd, if use versa if should be nil, if triedb is not used later in this func
 	triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, &triedb.Config{
 		Preimages: preimages,
 		HashDB:    hashdb.Defaults,
 	})
 	defer triedb.Close()
 	genesis := genesisConfig.MustCommit(db, triedb)
+	// TODO:: ignore cmd, internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	sdb := state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db, triedb)
 	statedb, _ = state.New(genesis.Root(), sdb, nil)
 	chainConfig = genesisConfig.Config
diff --git a/cmd/evm/staterunner.go b/cmd/evm/staterunner.go
index 458d809ad8..8443faa045 100644
--- a/cmd/evm/staterunner.go
+++ b/cmd/evm/staterunner.go
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ func runStateTest(fname string, cfg vm.Config, jsonOut, dump bool) error {
 						fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "{\"stateRoot\": \"%#x\"}\n", root)
 					}
 					if dump { // Dump any state to aid debugging
+						// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 						cpy, _ := state.New(root, tstate.StateDB.Database(), nil)
 						dump := cpy.RawDump(nil)
 						result.State = &dump
diff --git a/cmd/geth/chaincmd.go b/cmd/geth/chaincmd.go
index afcb474848..7a77ded569 100644
--- a/cmd/geth/chaincmd.go
+++ b/cmd/geth/chaincmd.go
@@ -778,6 +778,7 @@ func parseDumpConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node) (*state.DumpConfig, eth
 		}
 	} else {
 		// Use latest
+		// TODO:: if versa, scheme = VersaScheme
 		if scheme == rawdb.PathScheme {
 			triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, &triedb.Config{PathDB: utils.PathDBConfigAddJournalFilePath(stack, pathdb.ReadOnly)})
 			defer triedb.Close()
@@ -833,6 +834,7 @@ func dump(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	triedb := utils.MakeTrieDatabase(ctx, stack, db, true, true, false) // always enable preimage lookup
 	defer triedb.Close()
 
+	// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	state, err := state.New(root, state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db, triedb), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -850,6 +852,7 @@ func dumpAllRootHashInPath(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	defer stack.Close()
 	db := utils.MakeChainDatabase(ctx, stack, true, false)
 	defer db.Close()
+	// TODO:: ignore cmd
 	triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, &triedb.Config{PathDB: utils.PathDBConfigAddJournalFilePath(stack, pathdb.ReadOnly)})
 	defer triedb.Close()
 
diff --git a/cmd/geth/dbcmd.go b/cmd/geth/dbcmd.go
index 282f035bb4..0b9a306e8e 100644
--- a/cmd/geth/dbcmd.go
+++ b/cmd/geth/dbcmd.go
@@ -457,6 +457,7 @@ func inspectTrie(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 			config = triedb.HashDefaults
 		}
 
+		// TODO:: ignore cmd
 		triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, config)
 		theTrie, err := trie.New(trie.TrieID(trieRootHash), triedb)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -1268,6 +1269,7 @@ func hbss2pbss(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	}
 	if lastStateID == 0 || force {
 		config := triedb.HashDefaults
+		// TODO:: ignore cmd
 		triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, config)
 		triedb.Cap(0)
 		log.Info("hbss2pbss triedb", "scheme", triedb.Scheme())
diff --git a/cmd/geth/snapshot.go b/cmd/geth/snapshot.go
index 040736a0d7..f73bb74988 100644
--- a/cmd/geth/snapshot.go
+++ b/cmd/geth/snapshot.go
@@ -256,6 +256,7 @@ func accessDb(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node) (ethdb.Database, error) {
 	} else if dbScheme == rawdb.HashScheme {
 		config = triedb.HashDefaults
 	}
+	// TODO:: ignore snapshot
 	snaptree, err := snapshot.New(snapconfig, chaindb, triedb.NewDatabase(chaindb, config), headBlock.Root(), TriesInMemory, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("snaptree error", "err", err)
diff --git a/cmd/utils/flags.go b/cmd/utils/flags.go
index 62b3b2f397..b07280a190 100644
--- a/cmd/utils/flags.go
+++ b/cmd/utils/flags.go
@@ -2589,6 +2589,7 @@ func MakeTrieDatabase(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, disk ethdb.Database, p
 		// ignore the parameter silently. TODO(rjl493456442)
 		// please config it if read mode is implemented.
 		config.HashDB = hashdb.Defaults
+		// TODO::skip MakeTrieDatabase
 		return triedb.NewDatabase(disk, config)
 	}
 	if readOnly {
@@ -2597,6 +2598,7 @@ func MakeTrieDatabase(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, disk ethdb.Database, p
 		config.PathDB = pathdb.Defaults
 	}
 	config.PathDB.JournalFilePath = fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", stack.ResolvePath("chaindata"), eth.JournalFileName)
+	// TODO::skip MakeTrieDatabase
 	return triedb.NewDatabase(disk, config)
 }
 
diff --git a/core/blockchain.go b/core/blockchain.go
index 51387a13f0..1ceff7eca8 100644
--- a/core/blockchain.go
+++ b/core/blockchain.go
@@ -336,6 +336,7 @@ func NewBlockChain(db ethdb.Database, cacheConfig *CacheConfig, genesis *Genesis
 	diffLayerChanCache, _ := exlru.New(diffLayerCacheLimit)
 
 	// Open trie database with provided config
+	// TODO:: if versa , have its owen init genesis logic
 	triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, cacheConfig.triedbConfig())
 
 	// Setup the genesis block, commit the provided genesis specification
@@ -384,6 +385,7 @@ func NewBlockChain(db ethdb.Database, cacheConfig *CacheConfig, genesis *Genesis
 	}
 	bc.flushInterval.Store(int64(cacheConfig.TrieTimeLimit))
 	bc.forker = NewForkChoice(bc, shouldPreserve)
+	// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	bc.stateCache = state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(bc.db, bc.triedb)
 	bc.validator = NewBlockValidator(chainConfig, bc, engine)
 	bc.prefetcher = NewStatePrefetcher(chainConfig, bc, engine)
@@ -2232,6 +2234,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 			parent = bc.GetHeader(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1)
 		}
 
+		// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 		statedb, err := state.NewWithSharedPool(parent.Root, bc.stateCache, bc.snaps)
 		if err != nil {
 			return it.index, err
diff --git a/core/blockchain_reader.go b/core/blockchain_reader.go
index 84bbbc25f2..8c3b1f0419 100644
--- a/core/blockchain_reader.go
+++ b/core/blockchain_reader.go
@@ -396,6 +396,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) State() (*state.StateDB, error) {
 
 // StateAt returns a new mutable state based on a particular point in time.
 func (bc *BlockChain) StateAt(root common.Hash) (*state.StateDB, error) {
+	// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	stateDb, err := state.New(root, bc.stateCache, bc.snaps)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/core/chain_makers.go b/core/chain_makers.go
index 0592210dba..8b7f601bae 100644
--- a/core/chain_makers.go
+++ b/core/chain_makers.go
@@ -397,10 +397,12 @@ func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine conse
 	}
 
 	// Forcibly use hash-based state scheme for retaining all nodes in disk.
+	// TODO:: ignore, only use to UT
 	triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, triedb.HashDefaults)
 	defer triedb.Close()
 
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
+		// @TODO:: ignore, it used to UT, state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db, triedb), nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
diff --git a/core/genesis.go b/core/genesis.go
index 71787ce2bf..abf4becd7f 100644
--- a/core/genesis.go
+++ b/core/genesis.go
@@ -126,7 +126,9 @@ func hashAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, isVerkle bool) (common.Hash, error) {
 	}
 	// Create an ephemeral in-memory database for computing hash,
 	// all the derived states will be discarded to not pollute disk.
+	// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	db := state.NewDatabaseWithConfig(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), config)
+	// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	statedb, err := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, db, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return common.Hash{}, err
@@ -154,6 +156,7 @@ func flushAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Databa
 	if triedbConfig != nil {
 		triedbConfig.NoTries = false
 	}
+	// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 	statedb, err := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db, triedb), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
diff --git a/core/state/pruner/pruner.go b/core/state/pruner/pruner.go
index f4820c06b2..6d6564d680 100644
--- a/core/state/pruner/pruner.go
+++ b/core/state/pruner/pruner.go
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@ func pruneAll(maindb ethdb.Database, g *core.Genesis) error {
 		}
 		log.Info("Database compaction finished", "elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(cstart)))
 	}
+	// TODO:: ignore, versa has its own prunner
 	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(maindb), nil)
 	for addr, account := range g.Alloc {
 		statedb.AddBalance(addr, uint256.MustFromBig(account.Balance))
diff --git a/core/state/snapshot/snapshot.go b/core/state/snapshot/snapshot.go
index 117504f8b6..6f1463eab4 100644
--- a/core/state/snapshot/snapshot.go
+++ b/core/state/snapshot/snapshot.go
@@ -205,6 +205,8 @@ type Tree struct {
 //     state trie.
 //   - otherwise, the entire snapshot is considered invalid and will be recreated on
 //     a background thread.
+//
+// TODO:: if use versa, set SnapshotLimit == 0, will forbidden to use
 func New(config Config, diskdb ethdb.KeyValueStore, triedb *triedb.Database, root common.Hash, cap int, withoutTrie bool) (*Tree, error) {
 	snap := &Tree{
 		config:   config,
diff --git a/core/vm/runtime/runtime.go b/core/vm/runtime/runtime.go
index 46f2bb5d5f..b5e51288a1 100644
--- a/core/vm/runtime/runtime.go
+++ b/core/vm/runtime/runtime.go
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ func Execute(code, input []byte, cfg *Config) ([]byte, *state.StateDB, error) {
 	setDefaults(cfg)
 
 	if cfg.State == nil {
+		// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 		cfg.State, _ = state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabase(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()), nil)
 	}
 	var (
@@ -149,6 +150,7 @@ func Create(input []byte, cfg *Config) ([]byte, common.Address, uint64, error) {
 	setDefaults(cfg)
 
 	if cfg.State == nil {
+		// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 		cfg.State, _ = state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabase(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()), nil)
 	}
 	var (
diff --git a/eth/state_accessor.go b/eth/state_accessor.go
index 946b292926..cced8ae33d 100644
--- a/eth/state_accessor.go
+++ b/eth/state_accessor.go
@@ -71,7 +71,9 @@ func (eth *Ethereum) hashState(ctx context.Context, block *types.Block, reexec u
 			// the internal junks created by tracing will be persisted into the disk.
 			// TODO(rjl493456442), clean cache is disabled to prevent memory leak,
 			// please re-enable it for better performance.
+			// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 			database = state.NewDatabaseWithConfig(eth.chainDb, triedb.HashDefaults)
+			// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 			if statedb, err = state.New(block.Root(), database, nil); err == nil {
 				log.Info("Found disk backend for state trie", "root", block.Root(), "number", block.Number())
 				return statedb, noopReleaser, nil
@@ -91,13 +93,16 @@ func (eth *Ethereum) hashState(ctx context.Context, block *types.Block, reexec u
 		// the internal junks created by tracing will be persisted into the disk.
 		// TODO(rjl493456442), clean cache is disabled to prevent memory leak,
 		// please re-enable it for better performance.
+		// TODO:: if use versa, tdb == nil
 		tdb = triedb.NewDatabase(eth.chainDb, triedb.HashDefaults)
+		// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 		database = state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(eth.chainDb, tdb)
 
 		// If we didn't check the live database, do check state over ephemeral database,
 		// otherwise we would rewind past a persisted block (specific corner case is
 		// chain tracing from the genesis).
 		if !readOnly {
+			// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 			statedb, err = state.New(current.Root(), database, nil)
 			if err == nil {
 				return statedb, noopReleaser, nil
@@ -116,7 +121,7 @@ func (eth *Ethereum) hashState(ctx context.Context, block *types.Block, reexec u
 				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("missing block %v %d", current.ParentHash(), current.NumberU64()-1)
 			}
 			current = parent
-
+			// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 			statedb, err = state.New(current.Root(), database, nil)
 			if err == nil {
 				break
@@ -164,6 +169,7 @@ func (eth *Ethereum) hashState(ctx context.Context, block *types.Block, reexec u
 			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("stateAtBlock commit failed, number %d root %v: %w",
 				current.NumberU64(), current.Root().Hex(), err)
 		}
+		// TODO:: state.NewDatabase internally compatible with versa is sufficient.
 		statedb, err = state.New(root, database, nil) // nolint:staticcheck
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("state reset after block %d failed: %v", current.NumberU64(), err)
diff --git a/ethdb/database.go b/ethdb/database.go
index 5d7d54353c..304fa79129 100644
--- a/ethdb/database.go
+++ b/ethdb/database.go
@@ -245,6 +245,7 @@ type BlockStore interface {
 	HasSeparateBlockStore() bool
 }
 
+// @TODO:: add VersaDB() method
 // Database contains all the methods required by the high level database to not
 // only access the key-value data store but also the chain freezer.
 type Database interface {