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Raspberry Pi 3 Setup

Physical Setup

The Pi 3 has a much greater potential power draw than previous versions of the Pi. Using your old phone charger may not deliver enough electricity, which can cause the computer to unexpectedly reboot I ran into this during the setup (compiling inkscape), but never during a performance, even with more than 20 performers on the network. The Pi 3 also can sometimes overheat.

To minimise the chances of overheating and to reduce power useage, set your computer so that it does not boot the desktop. All of the commands below are via the command line and can be executed via an ssh connection. Also, get a heat sink and put it over the processor.

In steps that may cause the processor to overheat, I've used the nice command to run the process more slowly.

If your computer shuts down unexpectedly, try running it with an official Pi 3 power adaptor to see if that helps.

Setting up the SD card

  • Get Raspbian onto an SD card, by downloading it or buying a pre-loaded card. https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/
  • Re-size the card and change the name of the computer by running sudo raspi-config
    • Expanding the file system is on the main menu
    • Renaming the computer is under advanced options
    • You won't be using a GUI, so change the boot options so you don't start a desktop
    • Reboot the computer when you exit the program
  • Do a software update sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y

Making the captive portal

sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

sudo iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j MASQUERADE

sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o wlan0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

sudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i wlan0 -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.24.1.1

Then, save the rules as instructed to on that page and follow the remainder of the instructions on the page.

  • Add the following to the bottom of /etc/dnsmasq.conf

server=/local/172.24.1.1

address=/local/172.24.1.1

expand-hosts

domain=local

local=/local/

address=/immrama.local/172.24.1.1

address=/www.apple.com/104.71.189.174

address=/gsp1.apple.com/62.24.201.58

address=/www.appleiphonecell.com/23.4.220.116

address=/www.itools.info/23.4.220.116

address=/www.ibook.info/23.4.220.116

address=/www.airport.us/23.4.220.116

address=/www.thinkdifferent.us/23.4.220.116

address=/akamaitechnologies.com/72.246.81.207

address=/akamaiedge.net/104.67.49.251

address=/msftncsi.com/62.24.131.144

address=/msftncsi.com.edgesuite.net/62.24.131.144

address=/google.com/62.24.208.147

address=/clients3.google.com/216.58.198.238

  • Add the following to the bottom of /etc/hosts

172.24.1.1 immrama immrama.local www.immrama.local

104.71.189.174 www.apple.com

62.24.201.58 gsp1.apple.com

23.4.220.116 www.appleiphonecell.com

23.4.220.116 www.itools.info

23.4.220.116 www.ibook.info

23.4.220.116 www.airport.us

23.4.220.116 www.thinkdifferent.us

62.24.131.144 www.msftncsi.com

62.24.131.144 www.msftncsi.com.edgesuite.net

62.24.208.147 www.google.com

216.58.198.238 clients3.google.com

  • When you're done, reboot.

Installing the webserver

You will need to use an ethernet cable to connect the Pi to your router.

  • sudo apt-get install lighttpd php5-cgi -y
  • sudo lighty-enable-mod fastcgi
  • sudo lighty-enable-mod fastcgi-php
  • sudo mkdir /var/www/cgi-bin
  • edit /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

    • change the server modules section to: server.modules = ( "mod_access", "mod_alias", "mod_compress", "mod_redirect", "mod_rewrite", "mod_fastcgi", "mod_cgi", )

    • Add the following lines to the bottom of the file

server.error-handler-404 = "/index.html"

$HTTP["host"] == "(.*)$" { url.redirect = ( "^(.*)/" => "http://immrama.local/$1" ) }

$HTTP["url"] =~ "^/cgi-bin/" { cgi.assign = (".py" => "/usr/bin/python") }

Installing inkscape

Try sudo apt-get install inkscape -y then inkscape --version If it comes back with a number below 0.91, you will have to build it (see below)

Immrama setup

  • sudo pip install svgwrite
  • sudo apt-get install python-dev
  • sudo pip install setproctitle
  • sudo pip install psutil
  • cd ~/Documents ; git clone https://github.com/celesteh/Immrama.git
    • If you install this elsewhere, you will need to edit the data/conductor/config.ini file to have the full path to your chosen location. Do this before the next step.
  • sudo chmod 777 /var/www/html/
  • sudo mkdir /usr/share/fonts/truetype/bravura
  • cd Immrama ; sudo cp -r data/* /var/www/html/ ; cd data ; sudo cp Bravura.ttf /usr/share/fonts/truetype/bravura && sudo fc-cache -f -v
  • sudo chmod 777 /var/www/html/conductor/
  • sudo chmod 777 /var/www/html/conductor/intro/
  • sudo chmod 666 /var/www/html/conductor/config.ini

Building Inkscape

  • First inkscape --version! If the number is at or ABOVE 0.91, stop. Otherwise, carry on.
  • sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
    • Uncomment the line with deb-src in it
  • sudo apt-get update && sudo nice apt-get upgrade -y
  • sudo apt-get build-dep inkscape -y
  • sudo apt-get install build-essential dpkg-dev fakeroot cmake bzr dh-make -y
  • sudo apt-get remove inkscape
  • sudo apt-get autoremove
  • cd ~/Documents/Imramma ; ./pi_build_inkscape.sh && cd ~Downloads/ && sudo dpkg -i inkscape*.deb

I was unable to build inkscape on a Pi3, as it kept shutting down during the build, but a Pi 2 was able to do it.

Allow the shutdown via the web interface

Users need to be able to turn the computer off without actually logging into it. (Note: if you do not set a WPA password or conductor password, any audience member can also use their smart phone to turn off your computer, possibly cutting your performance short).

  • Set a WPA password for your wifi network or a conductor password via the web interface. Write it down (maybe on your computer)
  • Use the web interface to start running Immrama
  • Log into the computer via ssh or keyboard, mouse & monitor
  • ls -las /var/www/html/color.css This will tell you what user the webserver runs as. For me, it was www-data
  • sudo visudo
  • append to the file: www-data immrama= NOPASSWD: /sbin/halt but use whatever name was in the 4th column of output from the ls -las

Allow changing the WPA password via the web interface

  • Use the web interface to start running Immrama
  • Log into the computer via ssh or keyboard, mouse & monitor
  • ls -las /var/www/html/color.css This will tell you what user the webserver runs as. For me, it was www-data
  • sudo visudo
  • append to the file: www-data immrama= NOPASSWD: /home/pi/Documents/Immrama/wpa_password.py but use whatever name was in the 4th column of output from the ls -las

Allow changing the Conductor password via the web interface

  • Use the web interface to start running Immrama
  • Log into the computer via ssh or keyboard, mouse & monitor
  • ls -las /var/www/html/color.css This will tell you what user the webserver runs as. For me, it was www-data
  • sudo visudo
  • append to the file: www-data immrama= NOPASSWD: /home/pi/Documents/Immrama/conductor_password.py but use whatever name was in the 4th column of output from the ls -las
  • Edit CheckPass so the paths in it point to where you have put the files
  • sudo cp CheckPass /etc/init.d/CheckPass
  • Make script executable sudo chmod 755 /etc/init.d/CheckPass
  • Test the program sudo /etc/init.d/CheckPass
  • To register your script to be run at start-up and shutdown, sudo update-rc.d CheckPass defaults
  • If you ever want to remove the script from start-up, sudo update-rc.d -f CheckPass remove

Allow a nice text editor for setting the intro text

  • sudo apt-get update
  • sudo apt-get install npm
  • sudo npm install -g bower
  • cd /var/www/html/conductor/
  • bower install simplemde --save

Troubleshooting

  • The first thing to check is file permissions. Re-run all the chmod commands above. Also, there are circumstances where score.svg make have the wrong permissions. Either delete the file entirely or sudo chmod 666 /var/www/html/score.svg

  • If you forget the wifi password, use a computer to connect to the Pi via an ethernet cable and use the web form to reset the password