diff --git a/_freeze/psychology/moral-rebels/execute-results/html.json b/_freeze/psychology/moral-rebels/execute-results/html.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b6049cf --- /dev/null +++ b/_freeze/psychology/moral-rebels/execute-results/html.json @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +{ + "hash": "94998ec8b523f7f81f64757715369631", + "result": { + "markdown": "---\ntitle: Resenting moral rebels\nauthor: Alex Reinhart\ndate: February 24, 2017\ndescription: We usually applaud people who rebel against the status quo for moral\n reasons -- but those involved in the status quo do not. An experiment\n attempts to understand why this is.\ncategories:\n - ANOVA\ndata:\n year: 2015\n files:\n - moral-rebels.csv\n---\n\n\n## Motivation\n\nIn 2008, three psychologists published a paper in the *Journal of Personality\nand Social Psychology* about \"moral rebels\": people who, despite being under\npressure to conform, instead rebel to do what they think is morally right.\nConsider [Frank Serpico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Serpico), for\nexample, a New York Police Department officer in the 1960s and early 70s who,\naware many fellow officers were corrupt, finally spoke out and brought evidence\nto the *New York Times*, leading to reform; or\n[Oskar Schindler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar_Schindler), a Nazi Party\nmember who nonetheless worked to save the lives of 1,200 Jewish workers during\nthe Holocaust.\n\nThe psychologists observed that moral rebels, though widely admired by\noutsiders, are often not well-appreciated by their peers who were involved in\nthe activities they rebelled against. (Frank Serpico, for example, was shot,\npossibly in a set-up by other police officers.) They hypothesized that peers of\nmoral rebels feel threatened: accepting the rebel would mean admitting their own\nbehavior was wrong, and it is easier to condemn the rebel than to admit you have\ndone wrong.\n\nThe psychologists performed several experiments to test their hypothesis. We're\ninterested in experiment 4, which tested the hypothesis that\nself-affirmation---performing some activity to make you feel good about\nyourself---would make it easier to accept the rebel. Their experiment found\nevidence for this hypothesis.\n\nHere's the experiment. Participants (undergraduate students) were assigned to\none of three experimental conditions: obedient, rebel control, or rebel\nself-affirmation. They were then asked to imagine that a burglary had just\noccurred, and they were then given three photographs of potential suspects,\nalong with descriptions of each suspect. The participants, on the basis of the\nphotographs and descriptions, were supposed to choose which suspect was most\nlikely the burglar, and fill out a form indicating why they made this choice.\n\nTwo of the photographs depicted white men. The third was \"Steven Jones\", an\nAfrican American man, whose description indicated he had a previous criminal\nrecord and no alibi---the descriptions were designed to make him the most\nlikely suspect.\n\nAfter making the choice and filling out the form, participants were shown a form\npurportedly from someone else who participated in the study (though it was\nactually prepared by the experimenters). Those in the \"obedient\" condition were\nshown a form picking Steven Jones as the burglar. Those in both \"rebel\"\nconditions were shown a form by someone stating \"I refuse to make a choice here\"\non the grounds that it's \"offensive to make a black man the obvious suspect\".\nParticipants were then asked a series of questions about the other participant\nwhose form they viewed.\n\nThe crucial difference was between the \"rebel control\" and the \"rebel\nself-affirmation\" groups. Participants in the \"rebel self-affirmation\", between\nfilling in their own form and viewing the fake form, were asked to write a short\nessay about \"a recent experience in which you demonstrated a quality of value\nthat is very important to you and which made you feel good about yourself.\"\nParticipants in the other two groups, as a placebo, were just asked to describe\nwhat they had eaten in the past two days.\n\nThis dataset presents the results of a replication of this experiment, conducted\nas part of the\n[Reproducibility Project: Psychology](https://osf.io/ezcuj/wiki/home/), a\nmassive project to redo experiments from 100 different papers from psychological\njournals, to determine if their results hold up when tested again. Our goal is\nto see if the self-affirmation task made participants feel better about the\nrebel than those in the control group.\n\n## Data\n\nThe data file contains results from 75 participants: 20 in the obedient\ncondition, 28 in rebel control, and 27 in rebel self-affirmation. (Assignment to\nconditions was done randomly.) The replication, instead of using undergraduate\nstudents, used participants from Amazon's\n[Mechanical Turk service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Mechanical_Turk),\nwho completed the task entirely online.\n\n### Data preview\n\n\n

moral-rebels.csv

\n
\n \n
\n\n\n### Variable descriptions\n\nVariable | Description\n---------|------------\n`Condition` | Which group the participant was in (Obedient, Rebel Affirmed, or Rebel Control)\n`Gender` | Participant's self-reported sex (1 = male, 2 = female)\n`Ethnicity` | Participant's self-reported ethnicity (1 = White, 2 = Asian, 3 = Hispanic, 4 = Native American, 5 = Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 6 = African American)\n`YOB` | Participant's year of birth\n`Other.Work` | \"How much would you like to work on a project with the other participant?\"\n`Other.Friend` | \"How much would you like the other participant as a friend?\"\n`Other.Respect` | \"How much do you respect the other participant?\"\n`AboutGuess` | \"What do you think this study was about?\"\n`FoodList` | For those in the \"obedient\" and \"rebel control\" groups, the foods they ate over the past two days\n`ExplainChoice` | Explanation of their choice of suspect in the task\n`ValueDescription` | For those in the \"rebel self-affirmation group\", the story they wrote about the value they demonstrated\n`ValueName` | For those in the \"rebel self-affirmation\" group, the value they demonstrated\n`ValueImportance` | How important that value is to them\n`Choice.happy` | How happy participants were with their choice (after seeing the other participant's choice)\n`Self.Work` | Along with `Self.Friend` and `Self.Respect`, their answer to how they felt the other participant would feel about working with them, being their friend, or respecting them\n\nThere are a range of columns like `Intelligent`, `Strong`, `Moral` and so on,\nwhich reflect the participant's ratings of the *other* (fake) participant. Those\nlabeled `Self.Moral`, `Self.happy` and so on are their ratings of themselves.\n\nThe original psychologists combined `Other.Work`, `Other.Friend`, and\n`Other.Respect` into a combined score by averaging them.\n\n## Questions\n\n1. Is there a difference in how participants viewed the *other* participant\n (based on the `Other.Work`, `Other.Friend`, and `Other.Respect` scores),\n depending on which `Condition` they were in? Does the data support the\n psychologists' original hypothesis?\n\n2. What about participants impressions of how moral the other participant was?\n What does this mean for the research hypothesis?\n\n3. Repeat your analysis from question 1, but using `Self.Work`, `Self.Friend`,\n and `Self.Respect`. Interpret and explain your results.\n\n4. Think about the experimental design. Does it adequately test the\n psychological hypotheses? Are there any threats to its validity or\n generalizability?\n\n## References\n\nB Monin, PJ Sawyer, MJ Marquez (2008). The rejection of moral rebels: resenting\nthose who do the right thing. *Journal of Personality and Social Psychology*,\n95.1: 76-93. \n\nReplicated as part of: Open Science Collaboration (2015). Estimating the\nreproducibility of psychological science. *Science*, 349 (6251), aac4716.\n\n\nReplication data available from .\n", + "supporting": [], + "filters": [ + "rmarkdown/pagebreak.lua" + ], + "includes": { + "include-in-header": [ + "\n\n" + ] + }, + "engineDependencies": {}, + "preserve": {}, + "postProcess": true + } +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/cmu-statds-datasets.csv b/cmu-statds-datasets.csv index 5b2861f..8798050 100644 --- a/cmu-statds-datasets.csv +++ b/cmu-statds-datasets.csv @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ date,datayear,title,description,subject,categories,url 2017-06-14,2017,Sugary drinks and portion limits,Public health officials are interested in policies that would reduce consumption of sugary drinks. What policies work and what policies backfire? A factorial experiment.,psychology,"ANOVA, logistic regression",https://cmustatistics.github.io/data-repository/psychology/sugary-drinks.html 2019-09-01,2019,Serving sizes and plate sizes,Do people eat more food if their meals are served on larger plates? A randomized experiment with demographic and psychological control variables.,psychology,"ANOVA, linear regression",https://cmustatistics.github.io/data-repository/psychology/plate-size.html 2017-02-25,2017,Religion and analytic thinking,A controversial study found that encouraging analytic thinking also reduced religious belief. A replication attempt collected much more data to try to confirm the hypothesis; is it supported by the data? A simple randomized experiment with continuous outcome and demographic controls.,psychology,"ANOVA, linear regression",https://cmustatistics.github.io/data-repository/psychology/religion-analytic-thinking.html +2017-02-24,2015,Resenting moral rebels,We usually applaud people who rebel against the status quo for moral reasons – but those involved in the status quo do not. An experiment attempts to understand why this is.,psychology,ANOVA,https://cmustatistics.github.io/data-repository/psychology/moral-rebels.html 2023-09-06,2023,Mapping Police Violence,"Each year in the United States, around 1,000 people are killed by police. Some of these deaths are accidental, in traffic accidents and other incidents; some are deliberate killings considered legally justified by authorities; and others are considered unjustified or even lead to the prosecution of the police officer. Explore data on over 10,000 such killings to identify patterns in the people killed, the stated reasons for their killings, and the situations leading to their deaths.",politics,"GLMs, linear regression, logistic regression",https://cmustatistics.github.io/data-repository/politics/mapping-police-violence.html 2023-06-20,2022,World Development Indicators,"The World Bank’s World Development Indicators (WDI) compile development information about countries around the world. Using ten years of data, study development, political stability, pollution, and other factors at the national and regional levels.",politics,"linear regression, ANOVA",https://cmustatistics.github.io/data-repository/politics/world-bank.html 2023-09-07,2020,Fiscally standardized cities,Extensive financial data on over 200 of the largest cities in the United States for over 40 years. Which cities spend the most or the least on government services?,politics,"EDA, clustering",https://cmustatistics.github.io/data-repository/politics/standard-cities.html diff --git a/data/moral-rebels.csv b/data/moral-rebels.csv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2250164 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/moral-rebels.csv @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +Condition,White,SubID,Gender,Ethnicity,YOB,TookBreak,TookSeriously,AboutGuess,Comments,ExplainChoice,FoodList,ValueName,ValueImportance,ValueDescription,RandomTime,DescOther,Other.Work,Other.Friend,Other.Respect,Intelligent,Strong,Pleasant,Funny,Confident,Mature,Active,Kind,Nice,Warm,Honest,Fair,Moral,Independent,Self.Moral,Self.disappointed,Self.good,Self.uncomfortable,Self.happywself,Self.determined,Self.annoyed,Self.happy,Self.guilty,Self.comfortable,Self.peaceful,Self.uneasy,Self.disgusted,Self.excited,Self.pleased,Self.energetic,Self.angry,Self.bothered,Self.friendly,Self.dissatisfied,Self.fatigued,Self.selfcrit,Self.optimistic,Self.secure,Self.lonely,Choice.happy,Choice.representative,Choice.anyone,Choice.sufficientinfo,Choice.nochoice,Self.Work,Self.Friend,Self.Respect Obedient,NO-WHITE,A2696V6A6VADDF,1,3,1984,1,5,How one bases what he thinks of others on account of their decisions.,I should have answered the 1st question better.....,Weak alabi and had a screw driver / ,"Meat and beans, burgers , mostly soda, some water, chicken and tortilla, cereal",,,,12.437,"To me, he seems real educated. He knew how to post his answer properly and gave strong reasons for his answer.",4,4,6,7,7,5,2,6,7,4,4,4,3,6,6,6,6,70,7,2,6,2,2,5,4,6,2,2,6,4,2,2,2,5,5,2,7,6,6,2,2,7,7,7,7,7,7,4,5,6 Obedient,,A3M9BSMNRLS7R2,2,1,1966,1,5,How a person's demographics affects their decisions.,,"He has previously been convicted of a burglary, has a screwdriver in his pocket and although he is unemployed, he has $400 cash in his possession.","Water, limeade, milk, chocolate milk, pancakes, rice and beans, beef and tomatoes, mango, Toblerone chocolate bar, ham and cheese sandwich, avocado, soup with rice, hamburger, cookie, ice cream bar, orange soda.",,,,20.636,"I think the person is educated, but grammar is not used properly in her home based on her use of ""He's got no real alibi."". Words were spelled correctly which indicates she is a more detailed person.",4,4,4,6,4,5,4,5,4,5,4,4,4,4,5,4,5,85,1,6,1,6,6,1,6,1,6,6,1,3,NA,6,5,1,1,6,1,2,2,6,6,5,6,6,6,5,6,5,5,5 Obedient,,A1LGEODK01A8RM,1,1,1990,1,5,How honest a person can be with themselves and the world.,Thanks for the survey.,"Steven has a serious record, was caught with oddly valuable possessions, and has a weak alibi. ","Roast beef, lots of coffee, peach iced tea, sandwiches, toast, lemon water, spaghetti, cereal, oatmeal.",,,,15.808,"I think, like me, he chose AFTER reading the criminal records. It's so easy to stereotype and sadly many people can only think one way.",6,5,6,7,6,6,4,5,7,7,6,6,6,7,7,7,6,90,1,5,1,5,5,1,1,1,6,4,1,1,1,1,3,1,1,5,1,NA,NA,1,5,1,7,7,4,7,4,6,5,6 Obedient,,AUH2TOW6SNFVY,2,1,1989,1,5,The study was about how we align ourselves with peers,,"I chose Steven Jones because of his previous record, evidence found, and potential motive (unemployed, needing money).",Cupcakes / Frozen yogurt / Chicken & rice bowl / Candy / Spaghetti / Diet Soda / Oatmeal / Cookies / Pizza / Salad / Beer / Chocolate Chip Waffles / Tortilla / Cheese / BBQ sandwich / Cinnamon rolls,,,,10.82,"She seems to be aware of the obvious. She seems younger than me (which she is, based on the year she was born). She didn't really dig deep with her responses, but I agree with what she's saying and don't feel like anything said was unreasonable.",5,4,6,6,6,5,6,5,3,3,5,5,5,6,6,6,5,86,2,6,1,6,6,2,6,2,6,6,1,1,6,5,5,1,1,6,1,3,2,6,6,1,7,7,7,7,7,5,4,6 Obedient,,A36WKYYMSGQXN7,2,1,1982,1,5,I think it was about race and previous histories of people,,"Based on past history, no alibi, no emplyment, items he had when apprehended","Hot tea, pepsi, water, coffee, milk, chicken pita, pizza, grapes, suckers, mac n cheese, cereal",,,,12.317,I think that the other participant sounds a lot like myself. She used reasoning to come to the conclusion about who might have did the burglary. It sounds like she understands how people work. My first impression is that she is a smart woman. I believe that if I met her we would be alike and get along.,7,6,7,7,5,1,1,1,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,70,3,6,2,3,6,5,3,1,3,2,6,5,4,2,4,5,2,7,2,7,5,4,3,6,7,7,5,7,6,5,5,6 Obedient,,A2VN8Q8X7WWIM,1,1,1957,1,5,bigotry,none,Jones is pretty clearly a prime suspect. Although I dont like the looks of the other two either. They look very shifty to me.,"McD's garbage: burger, fish, fries, Coke, apple pies. ",,,,24.095,"I think he or she most be a bigot and hates blacks. I also feel she/he distrusts all men in general. Especially white cracker looking fellows like suspect 1 and 2 above. He/she is also 5ft4in to 6ft2in tall weiging 150 to 200 pounds. Dark hair, probably needs s have someplace on the body too. I suspect he/she also smells of McD food.",4,4,4,5,4,5,5,7,6,7,5,5,6,4,5,5,5,100,1,7,1,7,7,1,7,1,7,7,1,1,3,4,1,1,2,3,1,2,3,7,7,1,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4 Obedient,,A1ET2J1PIP0RGO,1,1,1979,1,5,making decisions and forming impressions about other people,,"He had previous criminal record, and he had too much cash on him and a screwdriver.","wine,beer,water,milk,fried chicken,eggs,bread,salad,sprouts,fruit.",,,,20.314,"He is a student, he is rational, and fair.He makes good judgments, he is not shy.",5,4,5,7,5,5,5,5,5,5,6,5,5,7,7,7,6,60,1,6,1,4,4,1,6,1,6,6,1,1,3,5,5,1,1,4,1,2,1,6,6,2,7,7,7,7,7,4,4,4 Obedient,,,1,1,1967,1,5,the way people form oppinions about one another.,Maybe make one of the other suspects look a little worse!,"he has a record for burglery, he had alot of money and a screw driver on him, maybe he used the screwdriver to help him get the money.","pizza, coke,biscutes and gravy, two eegs,oatmeal,coffee, water",,,,34.514,"I think the other person is not very well educated because of his writing syle (he got no), maybe he's from the hood. He kind of seemed like he could realate to the suspect.",6,5,6,4,5,4,4,5,3,4,4,4,3,4,7,7,6,50,1,4,1,6,3,1,3,1,3,3,1,1,2,3,2,1,1,1,1,4,2,3,7,1,7,7,7,7,7,3,2,5 Obedient,,A34R36EOWJZ7U9,1,1,1965,1,5,If people are prejudice towards blacks?,I no further thoughts at this time.,I chose steven not because he is black but because he was already arrested a few years back for the same crime. the others mark had no previous record and the worst peter had was a speeding ticket.,soda and v-8 juice / chicken / donuts / fish / rice crackers / ice cream / cheese / hamburgers,,,,21.846,I don't know he seems rather intelligent and level headed capable of sound resoning and judgment.I guess I would not mind meeting the man in person. I really do not have that much more to say given the limited amount of information that I receaved about him.,6,5,NA,6,5,5,5,5,6,5,5,6,5,6,6,6,6,81,2,4,2,3,6,3,4,1,4,3,3,1,3,4,3,2,3,4,2,5,2,3,4,1,7,5,7,7,7,5,5,6 Obedient,,AHXO376ALG8WN,2,1,1992,1,5,"Judging others, which is not quite right cause I did not judge that dude cause he was black. I dislike white rich old business dudes way more than criminals.","Maybe make the attitudes questionare a bit simpler to understand/ follow, by adding lines or color stripes. It's hard to tell which bubble you're filling in.",He has a previous record. And he is unemployed so he has the most reason to need the money.,"2 breakfast toquitos, glass of oj, special chocolate chip cookies :D, bowl of caramel vanilla ice cream, salad, bowl of fruit and yogurt special K, soy milk, 2 cheese burritos and rice, cheese manicotti, capri sun, lots of bottled water and iced tea",,,,7.015,"She is probably similar to me as she is a year younger than me and has the same reasonable deductions about the suspect that I do. She simply wrote more than I did. I really have no idea what she is like because she wrote her opinion on a possible criminal, that tells me basically nothing about her.",2,5,6,5,5,5,4,5,3,5,5,5,5,6,7,4,4,79,1,7,1,7,7,1,7,1,7,7,1,1,5,6,3,1,1,6,1,3,1,7,7,1,6,6,7,7,7,3,5,7 Obedient,,A2WJGI7XNUBRND,1,1,1965,1,5,to see if we have black shame????,,"The amount of money and the screwdriver, no alibi( unless he can give detailed description of what he watched and prior record.",chinken finger / pop tarts / party mix / pizza / 2 liters mountain dew / 2 20 oz bottles of water / ,,,,12.065,freshman in college. Educated. Well spoken. Might be interested to meet him for a few drinks.,6,6,6,7,5,6,5,6,6,6,5,6,5,6,5,6,6,91,3,6,2,5,6,3,5,1,5,6,1,1,3,6,5,1,2,6,1,5,5,6,5,2,6,7,7,4,6,6,6,6 Obedient,,A3LUOS92H4EZVP,1,1,1982,1,5,"I think the study was about how people judge others and what carries the most weight with them, in regards to their decisions and perspectives.","I found it interesting how the logical, very obvious choice of the #1 suspect was the only black guy. I imagine that is part of the study, to see how many people include race as a contributing factor. By the way, while I noted his race and thought these thoughts as I was choosing my #1 suspect, race was not a factor in my decision.","Steven Jones was the only suspect with an alibi that included him being alone. He also is the only suspect with a previous record that amounts to anything over a traffic violation, and it was for burglary. He possessed $400 in cash and a screwdriver when he was apprehended, which is highly suspicious. He also happens to be unemployed, whereas the other two are not.",turkey and cheese sandwich; eggs; french toast; pop; milk; water; lasagna; pizza; fast food double cheeseburger,,,,23.01,"The other participant is at least fairly intelligent and is a logical, reasonable person. He is a ""regular"" guy that is both hard-working and likes to hang out and blow off steam with friends. He is a good guy who is laid-back but also isn't afraid to speak his mind. If I met him, it would likely be a positive encounter, as we seem to have a lot in common.",6,6,6,6,6,6,6,7,6,7,6,6,5,7,7,6,7,99,1,5,1,5,4,1,5,1,6,5,1,1,1,6,6,1,1,5,1,1,1,6,6,3,7,7,6,7,6,6,6,6 Obedient,,A32TBIJ0LPVZR9,1,1,1988,1,5,BIAS,,"prior record, screwdriver, 400 in cash no job","2 hamburgers. potatos, cantaloupe, strawberrys tootsie rolls waffles, grapefruit. oranges, steak macaroni, okra",,,,7.936,"hes a rational person, he thinks the same thing i think",7,7,7,3,6,6,3,5,6,5,4,4,3,3,7,6,6,88,4,4,3,3,4,4,4,4,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,5,5,4,4,4,5,5,5,4,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7 Obedient,,alckhav3y6c07,2,1,1969,1,4,how people view others as related to their background,nothing,He had done time for burglary previously. He was unemployed and might have been stealing stuff to sell for cash. ,"spahetti, breadsticks, lemonade, green beans, hamburger, water, orange, bagel, smoked sausage, potatoes, water, applesauce, turkey sandwich, potato chips, orange, water, bagel, banana",,,,23.907,"white, intelligent, outgoing, pretty, well-liked. Enjoys being with people. They are very logical. They would be very social. Like going out with friends and being the life of the party. ",5,5,5,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,75,2,6,2,5,6,2,5,2,4,5,2,3,4,5,4,2,2,5,3,4,4,5,5,3,5,5,4,3,5,5,5,5 Obedient,,A3OA2641Y3ICVR ,2,1,1971,1,5,Impressions,"very interesting survey. With my short and precise answers to why I chose the suspect, I wonder if someone completing this task thinks of me as brusque and unfriendly. Or maybe they think I'm dumb! I would love to find out what their opinion of me is! ","Steven Jones. Caught with a screwdriver, flimsy alibi, unemployed, and his prior record.",Strawberry Yogurt and a low fat energy bar. Two bites of blueberry cobbler. Two Doritos tacos from Taco bell. Shrimp Bisque. Lean Cuisine Salisbury Steak dinner. Low fat cottage cheese with sugar free pineapple chunks. Low sugar orange juice. Soda water. black coffee. Low sugar Gatorade.,,,,9.209,"I imagine this person (I see her as a white female) is a college student who is active in a few extracurricular campus activities (clubs, societies, etc.) but not in a sorority. This young lady is intelligent and well-spoken, but speaks softly. She doesn't smoke or do drugs, and enjoys walking and hiking. In social situations I can picture her as friendly, but a little reserved until you get to know her. But given a subject she cares about, she is a good conversationalist.",4,3,6,6,5,7,5,6,5,7,6,6,6,6,7,6,6,50,1,6,1,6,5,1,6,1,6,6,1,1,5,6,5,1,1,5,1,1,1,5,6,1,7,5,6,7,6,3,3,5 Obedient,,A15KLPHCF8PO8E ,1,1,1966,1,4,Something about race?,"As a liberal white person, I was a little uncomfortable that you made me pick the black guy! :)","Has a record, has a lot of cash on hand, alibi is worse than the others'","Ummmm... I just drank some Kool-Aid a few minutes ago. Supper was an egg and bologna sandwich and 2 clementines. Had some cereal around 3:00. Breakfast around 12:30; sandwich and cottage cheese. Some-odd 30 oz. of coffee this morning. Late last night had hamburger helper; also had that for supper, with creamed corn. Lunch yesterday; don't remember. Plenty of coffee.",,,,14.55,"Well, he reasoned a lot like I did. He uses English pretty well, so is probably pretty well educated.",4,4,5,5,4,4,4,5,4,4,4,4,4,4,5,4,4,65,1,4,1,3,5,1,4,1,5,5,1,1,1,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,4,5,1,5,5,6,5,6,4,4,5 Obedient,,A24B7YHXL0V66A,1,1,1993,1,4,It was a good study to see if race had anything to do with it.,"No, thank you!","I picked Steven Jones because he was home alone with no others to verify he was there. He had $400 on him at the time, and he had a previous record of burglary.","Salad, pizza, coke, water",,,,4.367,A collage student whom is of a middle class.,6,5,4,2,3,2,3,3,3,2,3,3,2,2,2,3,3,82,7,6,3,7,4,2,5,2,6,5,3,1,4,5,3,1,2,6,2,6,5,5,6,4,7,5,6,7,7,6,5,4 Obedient,,A22HFXBKN3HFN7,2,1,1979,1,5,how people form impressions of other people,no,"has a previous record, had a lot of money and a tool on him, and didn't have a good alibi.","tuna sandwich, soda, water, oatmeal, bananas, strawberries, cookies, artichokes, watermelon, fish, chocolate, milk.",,,,12.738,"smart, thorough, articulate, perfectionist, good student, active social life. praobably has a good relationship with some family if not all and has supportive friends.",6,2,6,6,5,5,3,6,5,6,4,4,3,5,5,6,6,61,6,1,3,1,2,3,1,1,2,1,3,3,1,1,1,2,2,2,3,5,4,1,2,6,7,6,6,6,6,2,1,2 Obedient,,A37QR6OQV71GNJ ,1,1,1979,1,5,i think this study was about decision making and our perception of our own decisions,,"alibi can't be verified / prior conviction for burglary / large amount of cash on person, plus a tool that can be used to break and enter","on Wed / breakfast sandwich, coffee, banana / roast beef sandwich, iced tea / fried rice, chicken, milk / chips and dip / / on Thur / breakfast sandwich, coffee, apple / chicken salad sandwich, iced tea / pizza and hot wings, soda",,,,10.418,"My first impression of the other person is that they have sound deductive and reasoning skills, and can articulate their conclusions in a clear and concise manner. I think I would probably get along with this person if we should ever meet. Compare our answers - as they say, ""Great minds think alike""",6,6,5,7,4,4,5,6,6,5,4,4,4,4,2,4,5,70,1,7,1,7,7,1,7,1,7,7,1,1,5,7,6,1,1,7,1,4,1,7,7,1,7,7,6,6,7,6,6,6 Obedient,,A3E08GRFJJAT2S,1,1,1971,1,4,How people would evaluate someone making a similar descision to thiers who is slightly similar to them in a superfical way.,na," Not much of an alibi, lots of money on him and unemployed, previos convictions for the same crime.","water. Ate hamburgers, spagettii, macaroni and cheese, cherry pie, orange, raisins, lettuce, tomoatoes, pickles,",,,,11.122,"Less educated, not a deep thinker, probably southern and likely religious. All in all, unpleasant inside and out with a real concern for making things very simplistic and easy to undestand, suspisious that everyone is out to get him.",2,1,1,2,3,1,1,1,3,6,5,3,4,5,5,5,4,25,2,2,4,3,6,3,2,1,5,3,4,2,2,3,2,3,5,2,3,7,6,5,5,5,7,7,7,6,2,2,1,4 Rebel Affirmed,NO-WHITE,A1N2L57JTXZJZS,2,2,1988,1,5,first impressions,no,Because he had been convicted of burglary in 2002.,,curiosity about the world,4,I read different types of books in order to understand the world better.,17.257,"The person is smart, outgoing, and friendly. She has good communication skills and likes to socialize with others.",5,5,6,5,5,5,5,5,5,6,5,5,5,5,5,5,6,80,5,2,5,2,2,5,2,2,2,2,4,3,2,2,2,5,5,2,5,6,5,2,2,6,5,4,4,4,5,6,6,6 Rebel Affirmed,NO-WHITE,A3IEGZEXRQ0UIN ,1,3,1973,1,5,"I think it is a personality test, and how one reacts to someone who does not share your belief system. ",,"Peter Allen has witnesses to verify his location at the time of the burglary. / / Mark Mather hasno criminal record and is employed in a stable job, so its unlikely that he committed the burglary. Plus he has a dog with him. It would be difficult to be discreet with an animal by your side while doing the crime. / / Steven Jones has a past criminal history of burglary. He has items that can be used to commit burglary, and he has no eyewitnesses to verify his location as he was home alone. ",,compassion,5,"I approached a homeless person on the street and talked and listened to him for an extended period of time. / / He did not ask for money, but he thanked me for listening to him. I offered words of advice and he appreciated it very much. ",19.147,"My first reaction is that he is a an emotional person, as he is still young, and idealistic, which are good qualities to have for someone his age group. He stands for what he believes in, and his integrity is admirable. I feel that he is a confident person, and will be very engaging if I were to meet him in a social setting, wether or not I agree with his beliefs. ",2,5,6,6,7,2,4,7,3,7,6,4,4,7,7,7,7,80,1,5,1,4,6,1,2,1,4,4,1,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,1,2,1,1,1,1,5,6,4,6,5,3,2,1 Rebel Affirmed,NO-WHITE,ABBKP0MTSJR0D,1,2,1987,1,4,Perceptions of others based on racial bias,N/A,Possessed screwdriver,,Social Skills,4,Over internet,7.701,Not racist,6,6,5,2,2,5,4,5,6,5,5,5,4,6,5,6,6,40,4,5,3,4,5,2,5,3,4,5,3,2,2,4,5,2,1,5,3,2,3,5,4,3,3,2,3,5,6,3,2,3 Rebel Affirmed,NO-WHITE,A1PKUCF9MTYJIT,2,3,1987,1,5,I think the study was about opinions over stereotypes and how they compare between people.,"Like the other participant, I also felt it was offensive that the black man was the one who stood out most as a suspect. I actually considered choosing one of the other guys.. But I went along with it, and chose the suspect solely on the facts listed and not because of his skin color. The stereotype involved made it extremely difficult to make the right decision.","I chose Steven Jones because of his previous criminal history, and for his possessions when apprehended. It seems unusual to me that someone would have so much cash on hand, and the screwdriver could be used as an instrument for a break-in.",,Compassion,5,"Recently, an elderly man came to my home asking for help. He was filthy, carrying no possessions other than the clothes he was wearing, which happened to be all torn up. It was difficult for me to understand him, so I assumed that he was asking for money. Eventually, he managed to explain that he'd been travelling for a long time and he was hungry. I offered the man as much food and water as he could take, and I stuck a few dollars in his pocket. He thanked me and went on his way. It may not have been much help, but it was the best I could so in my own situation.",18.185,I think that the participant is someone who believes in being fair and standing up for what they strongly believe in. They probably think things through before making a final decision on anything. ,6,6,6,7,7,6,4,7,7,4,6,6,6,7,7,7,7,71,5,4,1,4,4,1,6,2,6,6,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,7,3,7,3,4,4,1,4,1,4,1,4,1,1,1 Rebel Affirmed,,AI3YS9F9B8K3Q ,2,1,1963,1,5,about what others perceive,,Has materials for a burglary and alot of money in his pocket.,,I love the fact that I can make people laugh.,4,"When I was over at my friends and he was not in that good of a mood, but once I started to tell him stories. It made him smile.",9.001,They choose not to make a choice from there beliefs because she is offended by the bias she thinks is in the survey.,4,4,5,5,5,5,3,5,5,5,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,50,1,1,1,6,6,2,6,1,6,6,1,1,3,6,4,1,1,6,NA,1,1,4,6,1,6,5,4,NA,5,2,4,NA Rebel Affirmed,,A1LRUXWNMTUC6T ,2,1,1984,1,5,First impressions,None,Prior charges,,business skills,4,"I just landed a new job, fresh with my Masters degree.",10.391,This person is very critical of our society,4,5,6,5,4,4,2,4,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,6,60,2,5,5,5,5,2,5,5,5,5,2,1,5,5,5,3,4,5,3,5,7,5,4,5,7,7,6,7,7,3,3,4 Rebel Affirmed,,ANNPEFGMB3A7A,1,1,1976,1,5,It was very interesting...,Thank you,"he has a history of burglary, he was home alone, had 400 cash on him and is unemployed...",,sense of humor,4,This past weekend I was with friends and the majority of the time we are laughing so obviously I like to surround myself with people who have a good sense of humor to...,22.496,Racist... He obviously is confrontational and extremely sensitive... He seems to be the kind of person to point the finger everywhere else...,NA,2,1,3,2,2,4,1,1,4,4,3,3,2,3,2,1,71,2,6,4,7,7,2,6,2,6,5,2,1,6,6,6,1,2,5,2,1,6,6,6,1,7,6,7,7,7,2,2,1 Rebel Affirmed,,A113KGJJM85B14 ,2,1,1987,1,4,RACIAL PROFILES,,HE WAS PREVIOUSLY IN JAIL FOR BURGLARY. HE HAD $400 IN CASH AND A SCREWDRIVER WHICH COULD HAVE BEEN USED AS A TOOL TO BREAK IN. HE ALSO HAS A REASON TO NEED MONEY SINCE HE IS UNEMPLOYED.,,SPONTANEITY,2,"ONE NIGHT LAST WEEK MY FRIEND MENTIONED THAT HE WAS INTERESTED IN SEEING THE GRAND CANYON. I ALSO HAD NEVER BEEN, SO AT 2 IN THE MORNING, WE LEFT ON OUR ROADTRIP. DESTINATION:GRAND CANYON.",11.968,"THE OTHER PARTICIPANT STRIKES ME AS A RACIST PERSON WHO THROWS THE ""RACE CARD"" OUT WHENEVER POSSIBLE.",3,1,4,4,5,1,3,3,1,5,4,4,3,4,1,4,4,60,7,4,5,1,1,7,3,6,2,4,4,7,2,2,1,7,5,3,7,6,NA,2,2,4,6,4,3,7,3,1,1,1 Rebel Affirmed,,A10HNQ4NI2FVJ1 ,2,1,1957,1,5,prejudice,,"THE $400 DOLLARS IN CASH CINCHED IT FOR ME, WAS THERE ANY MONEY MISSING FROM THE BURGLERY SCENE? / aLSO HE HAS A HISTORY OF BURGLERY",,PHYSICAL STRENGTH,5,"I flew to another state to see my Dad in an assisted living home, and decided to take him out to lunch. He is wheelchair bound. My sister came along but she is tiny and could not lift him. He weighs 220 lbs. I transferred him with a gaitbelt from the car to the wheelchair and back again all by myself. I weigh 130 lbs. Now that was physical strength.",14.929,"Ok I could say skin color has nothing to do with her decision but it does. She won't answer because she does not want to be prejudice. But if I were a detective I would look at Steven Jones and cross him off the list , because that is the SMART way to aprehend a criminal , and I do not care if he is purple with pink polka dots. The other participant seems like a simpleton to me. ",1,1,1,1,1,4,4,1,1,1,4,4,4,4,4,4,1,67,1,7,1,7,7,1,7,1,7,7,1,1,4,6,5,1,1,5,1,1,1,6,7,1,7,4,4,5,7,1,1,1 Rebel Affirmed,,A3K77Z0B74YKG ,2,1,1963,1,5,Not sure,,"He ahd been arrested before for burglay, had a large amount of cash, no alibi really",,honesty,5,"I thought a grocery store had forgotten to put an article in mt bag. I went back and the store gave me a new one at no cost. When I got home again, i found the article had rolled behind something in my trunk. The next time I was in the store, I asked the manager to charge me for the free one they gave me.",8.57,Not sure I can describe them. They seem very reactionary.,2,4,6,4,4,3,3,3,2,5,4,4,4,4,4,4,3,70,1,6,1,6,6,1,7,1,7,7,1,1,4,5,6,1,1,6,1,1,1,7,7,1,6,6,6,1,7,1,1,1 Rebel Affirmed,,A1C2MEZPIKL579 ,2,1,1980,1,4,How we see out moral behaviour versus others,,"The one I picked had no real alibi, a prior record, and some suspicious items.",,Faith in God,5,"I have been hunting for a job lately because our bills have exceeded our income. I have been putting in tons of applications with no luck. Just when I thought I was out of options, I prayed to God and said, ""I trust You. I know you will put me where I need to be."" Today I found a job.",83.765,The fact that the other person refused to do this makes me think they are the same type of person that would pull out the race card for any reason. So what if the person was black? ,1,1,3,3,NA,1,2,1,1,6,4,4,3,4,2,4,1,91,1,3,4,3,4,2,5,1,5,5,1,1,2,1,2,1,3,2,1,6,3,4,4,1,7,7,7,7,7,1,1,1 Rebel Affirmed,,A1JEH8JOU63LOB,1,1,1987,1,5,"I think it was about seeing if people resisted ""obvious answers"" based on stereotypes or their refusal to agree with them.",I wonder if that other participant was even real. He seemed very closed minded.,"Steven Jones seems most likely because his alibi does not put him with anyone else (unlike Peter Allen), he has a previous record that indicates he has committed this kind of crime before, and he had a large sum of cash on his person as well as a tool that could be used to commit burglary.",,Athletic ability,4,"I used to be a talented runner and would lead all of my friends on group runs. Today was one of my first days back in the ""swing"" of running, and I went with a new friend who is also very athletic. She seemed winded while we were running, and it made me feel good that we could have a mutually beneficial workout together, showing that I still had some level of ability.",15.205,"I think the person on the right considers themselves very open minded by refusing to participate in this survey because they believe it to be biased. I think they are not, because a truly open minded person responds to facts rather than immediately assuming that something is biased or unfair. I think they are probably full of themselves and self-righteous. I think that they are also probably not very smart, because they can not see that the fact that the Black person being the obvious suspect is probably some element of the survey that we are being assessed on.",2,2,2,2,3,1,1,2,3,6,3,4,3,6,2,3,1,50,3,4,1,5,4,2,4,1,4,6,2,1,3,2,4,2,1,5,2,1,2,5,6,2,6,6,2,6,7,1,1,2 Rebel Affirmed,,A14B6WBPT7B8Q3,2,1,1982,1,5,Perceptions of other people,,"He is unemployed, had previously committed robbery, and was home alone where he would probably have no one to confirm his story.",,creativity,5,"I have been creating hair pieces for babies, girls and women, and they are being received well",1.644,"I think this person clearly young and hotheaded, thinking that everything is a conspiracy. I think the woman is probably liberal, maybe African American since she was very offended by this, I think this person generally gets offensive easily.",3,3,4,6,7,4,3,5,2,6,5,5,4,6,5,6,6,80,2,5,1,6,7,4,7,1,5,5,2,1,3,7,6,1,3,6,1,2,4,5,6,1,7,6,7,7,7,1,3,4 Rebel Affirmed,,AS37H4CFHKDKI,1,1,1953,1,4,About racial prejudice,No,Steven Jone had cash and a screwdriver to enter premise and he had the motive because he needed money.,,Athletic ability. I raced the kids when they were training for basketball.,4,I ran in a two mile race and took first in my age group.,15.815,"I think he may be perceptive to a degree but he should not prejudge the experiment. I think he is excessively sensitive to race. While race can prejudice someone against another, there are other relevant criteria here so I think the person is slightly dogmatic. Probably in social situations you have to dance around issues to not offend this person. I don't think this person would be particularly pleasant to be around.",3,3,5,5,6,3,2,2,3,6,4,4,3,5,3,5,5,70,2,5,2,5,5,2,5,2,6,6,1,1,5,5,5,1,1,5,1,2,2,3,2,5,7,5,5,5,5,2,1,2 Rebel Affirmed,,A25ZADCJI3D5AF ,1,1,1981,1,5,Racial profiling.,No. Very interesting study!,"Given the Steven Jones previous record, and possessions when apprehended the evidence suggests he was the burgler. His motive may be related to his unemployment.",,Helping Others,5,I recently helped my girlfriend with her final paper for her bachelors program. I enjoy helping/tutoring my friends/family in their academic studies. It makes me feel good about myself.,,"I can understand their point-of-view, and it would be easy to explain this the way of racial-profiling. However, if you look at the information below the picture their is unbiased information. As such, the participant, would most likely be quick to jump to conclusions in social situation without looking at all the facts. If I were to meet him/her they would probably make quick assumptions about me just on my apperance, and not bother looking at me as a total person.",7,7,7,4,4,4,NA,3,3,4,4,4,3,4,3,3,4,75,1,7,1,7,7,1,7,1,7,7,1,1,7,7,7,1,1,7,1,1,1,7,7,1,7,7,5,4,7,1,1,1 Rebel Affirmed,,A1Y0RCAXK2JAB4,2,1,1982,1,5,"I think this study was about our own perceptions of race, and I think, in particular, it was to see how many people would feel guilty about their choice of suspect after having read the other so-called participant's choice.",No.,"This person does not have a good alibi. He has a previous record of burglary, had a burglary tool on him, as well as a great deal of cash, which could have been stolen, and has no job--therefore, he might have the necessity to steal cash more than the other two suspects.",,Academic excellence.,4,"In graduate school I was offered an academic fellowship that paid for my tuition and living expenses, as a result of my hard work and excellent grades the previous year.",13.579,"Well, obviously this person is young, and young people tend to be somewhat opinionated and passionate. I agree that I was disappointed when the black man was the most likely suspect. However, that was just the case in this instance. I think this young woman is very sensitive to racial stereotypes. She is probably compassionate and maybe a little emotional.",4,4,6,4,5,4,4,6,3,5,5,5,5,6,6,6,6,60,1,6,1,6,5,1,6,1,6,7,1,1,2,6,2,1,1,5,1,2,1,6,5,1,4,4,6,6,6,4,4,5 Rebel Affirmed,,A219VCQZADQ45W,2,1,1952,1,5,peoples reactions to suspect,no,"no alibi, already convicted of 1 burglary, had gun and large amount of money on him. is unemployed.",,humor,3,told a funny story about my kid to a group of friends.,14.82,"self righteous, jumps to conclusions,non prejudiced, opinionated, active,protective,serious",3,3,5,4,5,4,4,5,4,6,5,5,4,5,5,4,5,70,1,5,1,5,3,1,5,1,6,5,1,1,1,4,2,1,1,4,1,1,1,2,4,1,6,4,6,6,6,4,4,4 Rebel Affirmed,,A2GTASU2WC3V86,1,1,1947,1,5,how people make decisions with limited information.,"it's possible that all 3 suspects were guilty and it's also possible that all 3 suspects were innocent. or, some other combination of innocents or guilt.",Jones had previously served a jail term for burglary. the other two suspects had not. Jones was unemployed but had $300 on him. Jones had a screwdriver on him that could have helped him to break-in. ,,math talent,5,I am in the process of writing an e-book on my thought processes I use when trying to solve a math problem.,26.789,This person is very hard headed. Obviously he is incapable of making a decision. He is probably a closet raciest.,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,NA,1,1,4,1,1,1,1,4,4,50,7,5,4,2,5,6,3,1,3,5,5,6,4,2,2,5,5,7,NA,5,6,2,2,7,6,6,1,1,5,1,1,1 Rebel Affirmed,,ACSZ7IOG3J5NR,1,1,1958,1,5,unsure,none,"Jones is unemployed and had a weak alibi.At the time of his apprehension,he had a lot of cash and a burglary tool(screwdriver) in his possession.He also has a prior conviction for burglary.",,financial responsibility,5,"A few weeks ago,I made my final contribution,for 2011,to my ROTH IRA.It is not easy for me to max out my IRA contributions,especially since I am over 50 and the limit increases $1000 yearly.I may not be able to maximize my contributios again,but I am proud that I accomplished that goal this year.",43.818,"The other participant is socially liberal.He is set in his thoughts and refuses to change his opinions.He thinks he is right and everyone else is wrong.He refuses to listen to arguments against his opinions,and talks over anyone who tries.He tries to force his opinions on others.",2,2,4,5,5,1,2,3,4,6,3,3,3,5,5,6,4,54,4,5,4,5,6,2,4,1,5,5,2,2,3,6,5,1,5,4,1,2,2,4,4,5,7,6,7,7,7,4,3,3 Rebel Affirmed,,AF40ZGXO14LVQ,1,1,1988,1,5,How race impacts social interactions.,,"The previous record is the main reason for suspicion. None of the details about this subject are incriminating, but if I had to pick one to be most suspicious of, it would be this subject.",,global humanism,5,I donated money to an organization that will improve the health of people and save lives.,19.002,"This person seems to have a good level of social awareness and strong social values. He makes a forceful statement by refusing the participate and stands firm in his view that the assignment is based on racial bias. However, in real life, people are faced with situations of bias and still must make a choice, so refusing to participate may not generate the best results when trying to solve an actual crime.",6,6,6,6,6,4,4,4,6,5,5,5,5,6,6,6,5,65,2,3,2,3,2,1,3,1,4,4,2,1,2,2,2,1,1,5,2,2,3,2,4,2,6,6,5,2,6,2,2,2 Rebel Affirmed,,A132MUECODE1C,2,1,1955,1,5,Impressions of others,None,"no one to substanuate alibi, possession of a large amoun of money",,"I recently led a group of friends on a 18 day tour of Spain. I made all arrangements, 1e. apartment rentals, flights, tour guides, trains, and car rentals. The trip was enjoyed by all of us. My leadership abilities were praised.",5,"In my job, I served as grade level chair. Our grade level was very successful - due to a hard working group and good leadership.",14.453,"I think that this person is caring and responsible. She is right in refusing to make a decision. The more I think about it, I wish I had made the same choice. I agree with her that the task is biased.",7,7,7,6,7,6,6,7,7,6,7,6,5,7,7,7,7,76,1,6,1,6,7,1,6,1,7,5,1,1,3,5,5,1,1,6,1,1,1,6,6,1,2,3,5,3,5,NA,3,3 Rebel Affirmed,,A3VD7LHZAHL9D5,2,1,1972,1,5,"If being shown that someone 'stood up' for a social injustice and I didn't, if I would feel badly.",That was interesting.,Previous conviction for burglary. Although I am not convinced any of them are actually guilty. That's the only thing in any of the profiles that leads me to think any are the culprit.,,Willingness to help.,5,I took leave of absence from work to help my aunt after my uncle died.,13.822,I like that she is standing up for what she perceives to be a social injustice. I assume she is usually willing to stand up in this manner.,6,6,6,6,6,6,4,6,4,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,50,1,5,1,4,4,1,5,1,5,5,1,1,3,4,3,1,1,5,1,1,1,5,5,1,4,4,6,1,6,6,6,6 Rebel Affirmed,,A85T1LGXNVR0M,1,1,1993,1,5,Criminology. ,,His criminal record. He was the online one who spent time in jail. ,,Kindness,4,WHen my professor gave me some candy. ,,He is to sensitive. ,4,5,4,4,4,4,4,4,5,4,4,4,4,5,2,4,2,40,5,6,5,6,7,6,7,6,7,6,7,6,7,6,7,6,7,6,6,6,7,5,6,7,5,5,6,5,6,6,5,6 Rebel Affirmed,,AV8F4B3BW4OII,2,1,1981,1,4,perception of the human race,None,He was árrested before for burglary. He was found with $400 and a screwdriver and has no job,,athletic ability,4,During a softball game recently I was up to bat with two outs and we were losing by one. There was one person on base. I hit a homerun which helped us win the game.,20.004,I believe this person is right. I think she is a strong woman and stands up for her beliefs.I think she is very out going and would be interesting to meet.,6,6,6,6,7,6,4,7,7,6,4,5,4,7,6,6,6,50,6,3,3,3,3,6,3,6,3,4,6,5,3,3,3,5,5,3,5,3,5,3,3,3,2,1,3,7,7,3,2,2 Rebel Affirmed,,A2UNQAI5MDCKYG,2,1,1954,1,5,suspicious /sterotypes ,no,he has the most evidences,,support,5,my friend was at the hospital for an important surgery. I called and visited her and her family,58.959,"I understand her, because I felt something similar.",6,5,7,6,6,5,5,7,7,6,6,6,6,7,7,7,6,80,1,5,1,6,6,1,6,1,6,6,1,1,5,5,6,1,2,5,1,1,2,6,5,3,5,4,5,4,7,4,4,5 Rebel Affirmed,,A1ZXGCVTAX7LJ2,2,1,1982,1,5,racial stereotypes,,"He had no alibi. He had already gone to jail for 5 months for burlary, and he had 400 in cash in his pocket despite being unemployed. ",,romantic values,5,Recently i drew my husband a card and put it in his laptop bag. The next day when he was at work he found it and was so happy and he felt loved and supported. It made me feel good to make him feel happy and loved. ,40.234,"I think that the other person is jumpy. While the black racial stereotype crossed my mind, the FACTS clearly point to Mr. Jones. this has nothing to do with race adn everythign to do with the facts of the case. I think that they are quick to jump to assuming that things/people are racially insenstive and/or biased. They are probably very intense ofa person. ",2,1,4,3,5,3,2,4,3,6,4,3,3,5,5,5,6,70,1,6,1,6,5,1,6,1,6,6,1,1,6,4,5,1,1,4,1,2,1,5,6,1,5,4,7,7,7,2,1,2 Rebel Affirmed,,A1ILO7DWH03JBN,2,1,1981,1,5,Bias and judgments,,"Previous history of burglary, large sum of money on his person at the time of arrest when he is currently unemployed. And, really, who carries around a screwdriver?",,I refuse to lie to my daughter and always tell her the truth about whatever she asks. ,5,"When my daughter asked about the easter bunny, she learned he is not real. ",43.193,"I feel that the participant created the bias that she claims exists. If you are unable to step back and consider all things equally, that is only perpetuating the problem. I think she is always looking to cause problems and doesn't consider any task seriously.",1,2,1,1,2,1,1,1,1,2,4,3,2,2,2,1,1,76,1,6,1,7,6,1,7,1,7,6,1,1,4,6,6,1,1,7,1,1,1,6,7,1,7,4,7,7,7,1,2,4 Rebel Control,NO-WHITE,A1QSUIQRZFQ85E ,1,3,1975,1,5,stereotypes and first impressions,,Alibi is not as stron as the others. HAs a lot of cash in had and a scrwdriver.,"Hot chocolate, toast with butter and jam, chicken, pork chops, oranges, orange juice, yogurt, banana, noodles, cantaloupe, cake, sweet potato.",,,,18.602,Confident and sure about his beliefs. Smart and analytical in his decisions. He has a strong sense of social equality and he is easyli influenced by others.,6,6,7,7,6,6,5,7,6,7,6,6,7,7,7,7,7,80,1,6,1,6,6,1,7,1,7,7,1,1,5,6,7,1,1,6,1,1,5,7,7,1,5,4,NA,2,5,5,4,4 Rebel Control,NO-WHITE,ALPS5LDMH2VX6,1,2,1991,1,4,racial stereotypes and whether or not people would go along with them,,He pretty much doesn't have an alibi. He's spent previous time in jail for another burglary. Had a large amount of cash on him despite being unemployed.,"A banana, popeye's chicken, egg whites, bacon, hasbrowns, oatmeal, milk, water, brownie",,,,14.838,"They are young, pretentious and naive. Of course this was backing the black=criminal stereotype. I might have some of the same views as this person, but eventually they would start to annoy me.",4,3,5,5,3,4,4,6,3,4,6,6,5,NA,6,4,4,50,1,4,1,5,5,1,4,1,5,6,1,1,2,3,3,1,1,2,1,4,2,3,6,4,6,6,6,7,7,3,2,3 Rebel Control,NO-WHITE,A2ETO47ZBX4RYA,2,3,1991,1,5,Choices,Not inparticular,"Prior burglary, motive of being unemployed, no alibi since he was home alone, and he had more money than is normally carried around. ","KFC famous bowl, Pepsi, water, coca cola, grilled cheese, tomato soup, ranch fries, frozen custard",,,,56.981,"I feel like they are a respectable person and that they are uncomfortable with this question due to the accused being an African American man. I also feel that his race does not matter, if given the information without the pictures the evidence would still point to Steven Jones.",1,3,2,3,3,4,4,3,4,5,4,4,4,3,3,4,4,85,1,6,1,6,5,2,7,1,7,7,1,1,4,5,4,1,1,7,1,4,2,6,6,2,7,7,7,5,7,1,1,1 Rebel Control,,A2OSXVGQUR6IL6,1,1,1973,1,5,Racial profiling?,None from me,"Not basing on race--if I did with no information I would have picked the older white male. It seems like many crimes are commited bu the white collar group anymore, just as much as in the impovrished communities. However going on the fact that Steven Jones has a much more violent past of criminal behavior Im choosing him for that reason alone","Scrambled eggs, toast, water, Cheerios",,,,9.184,Someone of a liberal non racist profile. Much like myself--could be black or white tough to say. I believe they understand the world andthat is meant to favor a certain group over another and have probably had experience(s) based on personal situations of their own or of someone they knew personally,6,6,7,7,7,5,4,7,7,7,6,6,5,6,7,6,7,75,3,4,4,4,6,4,3,1,4,3,4,3,2,3,5,3,3,3,4,4,6,2,3,4,6,6,3,5,6,5,5,5 Rebel Control,,AXNJ7GCWP4G5H,2,1,1964,1,5,does the picture influence my choice of the suspect,,Peter and Mark were found with their alibi items and little cash. Steven was found with a lot of cash and a tool that could have been used to burglarize. ,"potato, hamburger, french fries, cheerios, pb&j sandwich, cookies, root beer float, spaghetti, broccoli,",,,,12.3,"She is idealistic and immersed in the p.c. rhetoric of the day which she has picked up from her schooling. If there were no pictures, I'm sure that she would have picked Steven. She is a little bit rebellious.",2,2,2,4,6,3,2,5,3,6,4,4,3,5,4,4,6,96,1,6,1,6,6,1,6,1,5,5,1,1,1,5,2,1,1,5,1,1,2,3,4,1,7,7,7,7,7,2,2,2 Rebel Control,,,2,1,1990,1,5,race,RACE DOES NO EXIST... ONLY IN OUR MINDS BEACUSE WE HAVE IMAGINED IT TO BE SO.. SKIN COLOR AND NATIONALLITY IS NOT RACE!!!!,no job but has 400 in cash.,"hamburger, cake, chocolate, water, monster, pop, eggs, bacon, chicken nuggets, ",,,,17.969,"very aginst racism, but lacks the understanding that seeing race is racist.",6,5,6,5,7,6,6,7,6,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,NA,1,7,1,7,7,1,7,1,7,7,1,1,5,7,1,1,1,7,1,1,1,7,7,1,7,1,7,7,7,2,2,2 Rebel Control,,A2E7G66HQ2WQBZ ,2,1,1945,1,5,judgements,no,previous burglary / possessed a screwdriver,"eggs, pancakes, pasta, seafood, coffee, water, bread",,,,33.797,i agree with her decision to not make a judgement. there is not enough info. i find her to be a very fair person. she is not willing to make a rash and possibly wrong choice. i admire her integrity,6,6,7,7,7,4,4,7,7,7,7,4,4,7,7,7,7,85,1,6,1,6,7,1,6,1,7,6,1,1,4,5,6,1,1,6,1,1,1,6,6,1,2,1,7,1,6,2,3,3 Rebel Control,,AHAOXF52Q4YQL,1,1,1972,2,5,I have no clue.,,Steve Jones was convicted for burglary and had incriminating items on him.,"I ate Runzas for lunch, I snacked on Hint of Jalapeno Tostitos at work and have been drinking water. I ate 4 pieces of fried chicken, some redbeans and rice and a few french fries for dinner while drinking beer. I had Lasagna for lunch and snacked on Hint of Jalapeno Tostitoes and drank water. ",,,,189.64,"The person is young, intelligent but not experienced in life matters. Quick to discount the survey due to preceived rasism. ",3,4,4,7,5,3,3,5,6,5,4,4,4,6,4,4,4,66,1,5,1,4,6,4,5,3,3,4,4,3,4,3,5,1,3,5,3,2,5,6,4,1,5,5,4,5,5,3,4,2 Rebel Control,,A1IMUPHBTCNWHV,2,1,1953,1,5,attitudes toward different race???,,because of his possessions- jail time,"whole wheat toast,juice,lunchmeat sandwich,salad,stir fry,salad,ice ceam",,,,23.014,I like her answer! This person seems to be outspoken but in a reasonable way. I think she would be interesting in social situations as she speaks her mind which I wish I was more like that!,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,95,1,7,6,6,7,6,7,1,7,7,6,1,4,6,5,1,7,7,1,1,6,7,7,1,1,5,4,4,4,1,5,6 Rebel Control,,A1JI9MNCFUSI ,2,1,1969,1,4,Choosing the suspect who was most likely guilty of burglary,,I chose the suspect who has a prior record of burglary.,"Food, juice",,,,6.596,"The other person seems to be sensitive in selecting the black person. But regardless of a person's ethnicity, the person with the most guilty record should be noticed.",3,3,3,4,4,4,4,2,4,5,4,4,4,3,3,4,4,50,1,4,1,4,1,1,4,1,4,4,1,1,4,4,4,1,1,4,1,1,1,4,6,1,6,6,4,6,6,2,4,4 Rebel Control,,A3DOB0HD77KLKN,2,1,1972,1,5,impressions,,"Due to his Prior Record, no real alibi, previous burglary and $400 in case",Rice / Water / Chicken / Yogurt / Cereal / Baked Potato / Green Beans / Turkey Sandwich,,,,18.189,Someone who is very sensitive and also someone who is offended easily. At the same time they appear to be someone who stands up for how they feel about something.,5,5,6,5,6,3,3,4,5,6,5,5,4,5,5,5,6,81,2,6,2,6,6,3,6,1,6,6,2,2,5,6,6,2,2,6,2,2,5,6,6,2,6,6,5,7,7,3,4,3 Rebel Control,,A2O2BRJJC7089S ,2,1,1957,1,5,stereotypes,I don't believe the other participant was randomly selected. You just were testing whether I would feel bad about politically incorrect decision based on facts. ,"Record of previous burglary, a lot of cash on hand, no alibi. / Decision is based purely on the fact. All three gentlemen looked totally non suspicious. / ","water, coffee, milk. cereal, sandwich for lunch, soup and sandwich for dinner. same food both days.",,,,73.878,The other participant made an emotional decision rather than the one based on presented facts. She thought you were playing a game with your test and refused to play. / / I also felt I had to make a comment that the decision was not racially based. However being a scientist I made my decision based on facts not emotions. / / It appears that your test is trying to see if people would refuse the select based on facts in order to make a politically correct decision. Further more you stereotyped a female participant to make emotional decision not based on presented facts. / / I found both rather annoying. ,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,91,1,7,1,7,1,1,7,1,7,7,1,1,1,1,7,1,4,7,1,1,1,7,1,1,7,7,7,6,7,4,4,4 Rebel Control,,A20XP6COIP9WX,2,1,1990,1,5,perception,,"Record, possessions when apprehended","pizza, muffin, potato, quesadilla, brownie",,,,19.492,This person seems like they would likely have strong opinions and very forthright about them.,4,4,4,5,5,4,4,4,5,5,4,4,4,4,4,5,4,70,1,5,2,5,3,2,5,1,5,4,2,1,2,3,2,1,1,4,1,6,6,4,4,3,4,4,6,4,5,3,4,3 Rebel Control,,A1NDSEXBYNOUOS,1,1,1958,1,5,Discrimination Discretion,None,"Well I didn't want to but the prior record, weak alibi and the screwdriver would seem to point toward this suspect","6 Dr. Peppers, 2 blueberry poptarts, 16 saltine crakers, 4 slices of cheese. one plate of loaded nachos, 3 slices of pork roast, 1 spoonful of Julienne Potatoes, 2 spoonfuls of green beans, 1 croissant",,,,17.703,"Good for him, a 19 year old with principles. Out spoken, independent, rebellious ",5,4,5,5,5,5,4,5,3,4,4,5,4,5,6,6,6,49,1,5,1,4,5,1,4,1,5,4,1,1,2,4,4,1,1,4,1,1,2,5,6,2,5,5,6,6,5,5,5,5 Rebel Control,,,2,1,1982,1,5,i assume it's about implicit attitudes towards race OR emotions about socially/racially charged tasks OR a combination of both,,"large amount of cash and screwdriver, prior burglary arrest, alibi is not necessarily able to be proven. i almost chose Mark Mather based on him also not having a solid alibi and his career as a real estate agent (he may have insight about how to artfully conduct a burglary), but decided the screwdriver in Steven Jones' possession was really suspicious. I am also highly aware that I picked the only black man and did not want to implicate him based on the systemic racial profiling that happens in the U.S.","5 cups of coffee, egg salad sandwich, 2 bowls of cholent (stew), 1 bowl of cereal, chicken sandwich, 1 bowl of lentil soup, around 10 glasses of water",,,,19.188,"while I actually agree with the other participant, my first impressions of her (or her traits, rather): / politically correct, maybe to a pretentious degree / fiery / socially aware",5,5,6,6,7,4,3,6,6,7,5,4,4,7,6,6,7,55,1,4,1,6,7,2,5,1,5,6,1,1,3,7,1,1,3,2,1,6,4,7,5,3,2,1,5,5,4,4,5,5 Rebel Control,,A3DHOIQP52GUNA ,2,1,1951,1,5,Attitudes toward people who disagree with us; attitudes toward self when disagreed with.,no,"Of the three, he's the only one with a relevant criminal record (burglary), AND when apprehended he had $400 in cash, a screwdriver, and a gun on him -- all highly suspect. The other two didn't have significant money, any weapons, or any tools for entry on their persons.","water, iced tea, wine, spaghetti, garlic bread, m & m's, bagel and cream cheese, roast pork, mashed potatoes, peas, piece of chocolate, cheese omelet. ",,,,15.605,"The other participant is a little defensive, constantly on guard against people playing a ""trick"" on her. She's at least slightly antagonistic, and not much of a thinker. Unable or unwilling to reason things through. I don't think that I'd get along with her well -- it would be too much work to tippy-toe around her biases, and I have a feeling she would be constantly confrontational. ",2,2,3,2,4,2,1,2,3,6,3,4,5,4,4,4,6,86,2,5,2,5,3,1,5,1,6,6,2,1,1,5,2,1,1,3,1,6,2,3,6,1,7,7,2,5,2,1,2,3 Rebel Control,,A2J7PEUIO2WVUN,2,1,1982,1,5,racial profiling,,"he had money , a screwdriver, and he has a bad record",I ate Arbys today for lunch. Yesterday i ate rigitonnis.,,,,18.657,This person feels like there are alot of discriminations against black people. They think everyone should be treated equally.,5,6,6,6,6,5,4,6,7,5,6,6,6,6,7,7,4,80,1,6,1,5,6,1,6,1,5,5,1,1,2,3,1,1,1,4,1,1,1,3,4,1,7,2,7,7,7,4,4,4 Rebel Control,,A3KD9H86AAIFV5,2,1,1977,1,4,How people view themselves and others based on very little information,Interesting study.,"He has a prior record of burglary, had a lot of money on his person, and no one can verify his alibi.","Water, coffee, tomato soup, salad, oatmeal, fruit, tomato soup, candy",,,,14.359,I think this person is young and possibly idealistic. I think she's smart and wants to challenge authority. She would probably be interesting to talk to in social situations.,4,5,6,6,6,4,4,6,5,5,4,4,4,6,6,6,4,50,3,4,4,4,3,3,4,4,3,3,5,2,2,2,2,2,5,3,4,5,6,2,4,4,4,5,NA,3,4,2,3,3 Rebel Control,,AQ54A5VJA42HG,1,1,1978,1,5,"I don't know, how sensitive people are when making obvious choices when race is involved. ","No, thank you. ","His previous record, occupation, alibi, and possesions when apprehended. ","Yesteryday I ate a chicken sandwich for dinner. That's all I ate, oh and pop-tarts too. Today I had two checkers double cheeserburgers and fries, that's all so far. ",,,,20.133,"I think he's a douchebag, liberal extremist(yes, they exist) type. He lets emotion dictate his actions and thinking. I wouldn't want to me or interact with him. ",1,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,2,5,4,3,4,1,1,2,1,90,1,5,1,5,6,1,5,1,6,6,1,1,2,6,4,1,2,3,1,1,1,5,6,1,7,4,7,7,1,3,3,3 Rebel Control,,A127R5QI5OGBIK,2,1,1958,1,5,To see how people feel when they are called on something that they shouldn't have done.,none,"He has no alibi, he has already spent 6 months in jail for burglary and he is unemployed. That is not say that any of those things mean a person is guilty, but combined they look suspicious. The others do not look nearly so suspicious if at all.",tea / cheese eggs / vanilla wafers / almonds / cookie / toast with jelly / congealed fruit salad / granola bars / water,,,,16.613,"I admire this person's stand. I was bothered by the fact that the choice was so obvious as well, but I didn't state that. I admire her for doing so. She sounds like a person of principle, a little spunky and quite self-confident. I think I would like her. My impressions of her are all positive. I think she definitely comes from another generation than mine. My generation tends more to comply with directions no matter what the situation; her generation is more willing to take a stand when they feel strongly about something.",6,7,7,7,7,7,5,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,95,2,2,5,2,4,6,2,2,4,2,6,3,2,2,2,2,4,2,2,6,4,3,3,7,2,5,4,1,6,2,4,2 Rebel Control,,A73N6NP0A3EWO ,2,1,1962,1,5,racial attitued?,,"has a record, has large amount of cash and is unemployed","macaroni and cheese, yogurt and granola, water, coffee,. soy milk, cupcake",,,,9.286,"they are overcompensating to appear as if they have no racial bias- i have no racial bias either but it does not matter to me what color the men are - only who has a record, is unemployed and is carrying money. The oher person could be someone who actually is racist and overcompensating.",4,5,4,4,4,4,4,3,4,5,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,81,1,5,1,5,4,1,5,1,5,4,1,1,4,4,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,4,5,1,6,6,6,6,6,2,2,2 Rebel Control,,A1JKHJ2QH0Z8ZS,2,1,1978,1,4,no clue!,no,"has a previous burglary conviction, no alibi.","donuts, a beer, coffee, two pieces of toast, ice cream, eggplant parmesan",,,,9.505,"I imagine this person is very concerned with fairness, and is not afraid to speak their mind. The person may tend to go against the grain, and stand up for what she believes is right.",4,4,7,4,6,4,4,5,4,6,4,4,4,4,6,4,4,81,1,4,1,2,2,2,4,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,3,1,2,3,2,2,4,2,4,4,4,4,5,4,4,1,2,1 Rebel Control,,A33FBG0T3WLLHY,2,1,1988,1,5,racists,none,"No alibi, previous burglary charge and $400 in cash on him? who carries that much!","Life cereal, milk, 5 cans of soda, cereal bar, orange, banana, pork chops, broccoli, rice, baked vegetables, ice cream sandwhich, chips, cheese puffs, bagel thin, jam, roll",,,,9.463,"The person is out for group equality. Probably believes everyone is equal, blah, blah, blah. Church girl- out for the good of anyone. Refuses to do anything bad. We need less people like this in society thats for sure.",1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,7,4,1,1,1,4,4,2,15,1,5,1,5,5,1,5,1,5,5,1,1,4,5,5,1,1,5,1,1,1,5,5,1,7,7,7,7,7,1,1,1 Rebel Control,,ANPRD24W7JEF5 ,2,1,1977,1,5,Perceptions of people,,"He has a previous conviction for burglary, was carrying a large sum of money on his person, and he has motive since he has no job.","Starbucks iced coffee, McDonalds meal, peanut butter Cheerios, muffin, burrito, fish, rice, broccoli, potato salad, grilled chicken",,,,25.383,"The other participant is obviously very young and most likely a college student. She sounds like a typical, overly liberal female that is typical of teenagers and people in their 20's. ",2,2,2,3,4,NA,3,6,1,6,3,4,4,4,6,6,6,50,1,4,1,5,4,1,5,1,6,5,1,1,2,5,2,NA,1,1,1,7,2,4,6,1,7,7,7,7,7,2,2,2 Rebel Control,,AGQ23TKNPSKK7,1,1,1982,1,5,forming impressions about someone I have never met before,I am NOT a racist. I was just answering the question that was asked. I have quite a few friends from different cultures and backgrounds,"He was home alone so there were no solid witnesses, he has a past associated with burglaries, had a screwdriver and $400 in cash and also he is unemployed so he had motive for burglarizing houses","4 chicken sandwiches, two bacon hamburgers, coke, sausage biscuit, hash browns, pizza, spaghetti, tacos, chicken, coleslaw, texas toast, french fies",,,,24.825,Probably someone who has a lot of black friends and thinks EVERYTHING is about racism,3,3,7,7,7,7,1,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,80,1,6,1,6,7,1,7,1,7,6,2,1,5,5,5,1,1,5,1,6,1,6,6,1,7,7,7,7,1,3,3,1 Rebel Control,,A2KWL0TRAT7GPW,1,1,1980,1,5,Racial profiling.,I think it would be interesting in future surveys to display the name of the suspects but not associate them with the images. Though I don't know if that would help your particular study.,His previous time served and the possessions he had on him would certainly lead me to believe it was Steven Jones. ,"Coffee, watch, wild cherry pepsi, MIO, chicken cheese & broccoli, steak and egg sandwich, granola bar, wheat thins, Gouda cheese, pop corners, garlic chicken tortellini",,,,18.584,I imagine he has a personal reason for being racially sensitive. I feel he is too quick to play the race card to prove himself as being an unbiased / non-racist person.,3,2,4,4,3,4,1,2,5,2,1,1,4,3,4,NA,5,85,1,7,1,6,6,1,7,1,6,6,1,1,4,6,5,1,1,7,1,2,1,6,6,1,6,6,7,1,7,2,2,4 Rebel Control,,A3PCYGS91UTBQ9,1,1,1987,1,4,no idea,,He's burgled before.,"i ate a cheeseburger and a brownie, chicken, stir fry, milk, tea , water, pop",,,,6.188,"he's probably fairly smart, or at least thinks he's clever for gaming the system.",1,5,4,5,4,4,5,5,4,5,4,5,4,3,4,5,5,42,5,4,5,5,4,5,4,5,NA,5,5,5,4,5,4,4,5,4,6,6,5,6,5,4,5,4,5,4,4,5,4,5 Rebel Control,,A34SS2Q0X9EHM,2,1,1952,1,5,Social attitudes.,I was frustrated by the fact that the obvious suspect was the person who was a member of a minority group. Also very curious about the food question! Interesting study. Would love to know more about it!,"He was alone, and thus has no alibi. He had a somewhat large amount of cash on hand (compare to the other suspects). The screwdriver could have been used to gain entry. He also has a previous record for burglary.","Yogurt with fruit, spinach/kale soup and croutons, Thai basil eggplant and brown rice (2 nights), raspberry whole wheat pancakes and 2 eggs, 6 cups green tea, 2 cups coffee, 2 glasses of wine, green olives.",,,,37.275,"This female speaks her mind. She is able to say what others may be thinking but don't say. Her tone may be abrasive to some (""I refuse..."") but her message is very clear. ",6,6,6,6,7,4,4,7,4,7,6,6,5,7,7,7,7,96,3,4,2,4,5,3,4,3,4,4,2,2,2,2,3,3,2,6,3,1,3,6,5,1,4,2,1,1,2,3,2,2 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/psychology/moral-rebels.qmd b/psychology/moral-rebels.qmd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ba709f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/psychology/moral-rebels.qmd @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ +--- +title: Resenting moral rebels +author: Alex Reinhart +date: February 24, 2017 +description: We usually applaud people who rebel against the status quo for moral + reasons -- but those involved in the status quo do not. An experiment + attempts to understand why this is. +categories: + - ANOVA +data: + year: 2015 + files: + - moral-rebels.csv +--- + +## Motivation + +In 2008, three psychologists published a paper in the *Journal of Personality +and Social Psychology* about "moral rebels": people who, despite being under +pressure to conform, instead rebel to do what they think is morally right. +Consider [Frank Serpico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Serpico), for +example, a New York Police Department officer in the 1960s and early 70s who, +aware many fellow officers were corrupt, finally spoke out and brought evidence +to the *New York Times*, leading to reform; or +[Oskar Schindler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar_Schindler), a Nazi Party +member who nonetheless worked to save the lives of 1,200 Jewish workers during +the Holocaust. + +The psychologists observed that moral rebels, though widely admired by +outsiders, are often not well-appreciated by their peers who were involved in +the activities they rebelled against. (Frank Serpico, for example, was shot, +possibly in a set-up by other police officers.) They hypothesized that peers of +moral rebels feel threatened: accepting the rebel would mean admitting their own +behavior was wrong, and it is easier to condemn the rebel than to admit you have +done wrong. + +The psychologists performed several experiments to test their hypothesis. We're +interested in experiment 4, which tested the hypothesis that +self-affirmation---performing some activity to make you feel good about +yourself---would make it easier to accept the rebel. Their experiment found +evidence for this hypothesis. + +Here's the experiment. Participants (undergraduate students) were assigned to +one of three experimental conditions: obedient, rebel control, or rebel +self-affirmation. They were then asked to imagine that a burglary had just +occurred, and they were then given three photographs of potential suspects, +along with descriptions of each suspect. The participants, on the basis of the +photographs and descriptions, were supposed to choose which suspect was most +likely the burglar, and fill out a form indicating why they made this choice. + +Two of the photographs depicted white men. The third was "Steven Jones", an +African American man, whose description indicated he had a previous criminal +record and no alibi---the descriptions were designed to make him the most +likely suspect. + +After making the choice and filling out the form, participants were shown a form +purportedly from someone else who participated in the study (though it was +actually prepared by the experimenters). Those in the "obedient" condition were +shown a form picking Steven Jones as the burglar. Those in both "rebel" +conditions were shown a form by someone stating "I refuse to make a choice here" +on the grounds that it's "offensive to make a black man the obvious suspect". +Participants were then asked a series of questions about the other participant +whose form they viewed. + +The crucial difference was between the "rebel control" and the "rebel +self-affirmation" groups. Participants in the "rebel self-affirmation", between +filling in their own form and viewing the fake form, were asked to write a short +essay about "a recent experience in which you demonstrated a quality of value +that is very important to you and which made you feel good about yourself." +Participants in the other two groups, as a placebo, were just asked to describe +what they had eaten in the past two days. + +This dataset presents the results of a replication of this experiment, conducted +as part of the +[Reproducibility Project: Psychology](https://osf.io/ezcuj/wiki/home/), a +massive project to redo experiments from 100 different papers from psychological +journals, to determine if their results hold up when tested again. Our goal is +to see if the self-affirmation task made participants feel better about the +rebel than those in the control group. + +## Data + +The data file contains results from 75 participants: 20 in the obedient +condition, 28 in rebel control, and 27 in rebel self-affirmation. (Assignment to +conditions was done randomly.) The replication, instead of using undergraduate +students, used participants from Amazon's +[Mechanical Turk service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Mechanical_Turk), +who completed the task entirely online. + +### Data preview + +```{r, echo=FALSE, results="asis"} +source("../preview_dataset.R") +preview_datasets() +``` + +### Variable descriptions + +Variable | Description +---------|------------ +`Condition` | Which group the participant was in (Obedient, Rebel Affirmed, or Rebel Control) +`Gender` | Participant's self-reported sex (1 = male, 2 = female) +`Ethnicity` | Participant's self-reported ethnicity (1 = White, 2 = Asian, 3 = Hispanic, 4 = Native American, 5 = Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 6 = African American) +`YOB` | Participant's year of birth +`Other.Work` | "How much would you like to work on a project with the other participant?" +`Other.Friend` | "How much would you like the other participant as a friend?" +`Other.Respect` | "How much do you respect the other participant?" +`AboutGuess` | "What do you think this study was about?" +`FoodList` | For those in the "obedient" and "rebel control" groups, the foods they ate over the past two days +`ExplainChoice` | Explanation of their choice of suspect in the task +`ValueDescription` | For those in the "rebel self-affirmation group", the story they wrote about the value they demonstrated +`ValueName` | For those in the "rebel self-affirmation" group, the value they demonstrated +`ValueImportance` | How important that value is to them +`Choice.happy` | How happy participants were with their choice (after seeing the other participant's choice) +`Self.Work` | Along with `Self.Friend` and `Self.Respect`, their answer to how they felt the other participant would feel about working with them, being their friend, or respecting them + +There are a range of columns like `Intelligent`, `Strong`, `Moral` and so on, +which reflect the participant's ratings of the *other* (fake) participant. Those +labeled `Self.Moral`, `Self.happy` and so on are their ratings of themselves. + +The original psychologists combined `Other.Work`, `Other.Friend`, and +`Other.Respect` into a combined score by averaging them. + +## Questions + +1. Is there a difference in how participants viewed the *other* participant + (based on the `Other.Work`, `Other.Friend`, and `Other.Respect` scores), + depending on which `Condition` they were in? Does the data support the + psychologists' original hypothesis? + +2. What about participants impressions of how moral the other participant was? + What does this mean for the research hypothesis? + +3. Repeat your analysis from question 1, but using `Self.Work`, `Self.Friend`, + and `Self.Respect`. Interpret and explain your results. + +4. Think about the experimental design. Does it adequately test the + psychological hypotheses? Are there any threats to its validity or + generalizability? + +## References + +B Monin, PJ Sawyer, MJ Marquez (2008). The rejection of moral rebels: resenting +those who do the right thing. *Journal of Personality and Social Psychology*, +95.1: 76-93. + +Replicated as part of: Open Science Collaboration (2015). Estimating the +reproducibility of psychological science. *Science*, 349 (6251), aac4716. + + +Replication data available from .