Relations

Relations in ConceptNet 5

In ConceptNet 5.2, we define a set of relations that can apply to text in any language. The relations are given canonical, camel-cased English names in the /r/ namespace, such as /r/PartOf.

The set of possible relations is chosen to capture common, informative patterns from our various data sources. It may expand in future minor versions of ConceptNet 5.

Some common relations:

Relation URI	Description	Examples
/r/RelatedTo	The most general relation. There is some positive relationship between A and B, but ConceptNet can't determine what that relationship is based on the data. This was called "ConceptuallyRelatedTo" in ConceptNet 2 through 4.
/r/IsA	A is a subtype or a specific instance of B; every A is a B. (We do not make the type-token distinction, because people don't usually make that distinction.) This is the hyponym relation in WordNet.	/r/IsA /c/en/car /c/en/vehicle ; /r/IsA /c/en/chicago /c/en/city
/r/PartOf	A is a part of B. This is the meronym relation in WordNet.	/r/PartOf /c/en/gearshift /c/en/car
/r/HasA	B belongs to A, either as an inherent part or due to a social construct of possession. HasA is often the reverse of PartOf.	/r/HasA /c/en/bird /c/en/wing ; /r/HasA /c/en/pen /c/en/ink
/r/UsedFor	A is used for B; the purpose of A is B.	/r/UsedFor /c/en/bridge /c/en/cross_water
/r/CapableOf	Something that A can typically do is B.	/r/CapableOf /c/en/knife /c/en/cut
/r/AtLocation	A is a typical location for B, or A is the inherent location of B. Some instances of this would be considered meronyms in WordNet.	/r/AtLocation /c/en/butter /c/en/refrigerator; /r/AtLocation /c/en/boston /c/en/massachusetts
/r/Causes	A and B are events, and it is typical for A to cause B.
/r/HasSubevent	A and B are events, and B happens as a subevent of A.
/r/HasFirstSubevent	A is an event that begins with subevent B.
/r/HasLastSubevent	A is an event that concludes with subevent B.
/r/HasPrerequisite	In order for A to happen, B needs to happen; B is a dependency of A.	/r/HasPrerequisite/ /c/en/drive/ /c/en/get_in_car/
/r/HasProperty	A has B as a property; A can be described as B.	/r/HasProperty /c/en/ice /c/en/solid
/r/MotivatedByGoal	Someone does A because they want result B; A is a step toward accomplishing the goal B.
/r/Desires	A is a conscious entity that typically wants B. Many assertions of this type use the appropriate language's word for "person" as A.	/r/Desires /c/en/person /c/en/love
/r/Synonym	A and B have very similar meanings. This is the synonym relation in WordNet as well.
/r/Antonym	A and B are opposites in some relevant way, such as being opposite ends of a scale, or fundamentally similar things with a key difference between them. Counterintuitively, two concepts must be quite similar before people consider them antonyms. This is the antonym relation in WordNet as well.	/r/Antonym /c/en/black /c/en/white; /r/Antonym /c/en/hot /c/en/cold
/r/DerivedFrom	A is a word or phrase that appears within B and contributes to B's meaning.	/r/DerivedFrom /c/en/pocketbook /c/en/book
/r/TranslationOf	A and B are concepts (or assertions) in different languages, and overlap in meaning in such a way that they can be considered translations of each other. (This cannot, of course be taken as an exact equivalence.)
/r/DefinedAs	A and B overlap considerably in meaning, and B is a more explanatory version of A. (This is similar to TranslationOf, but within one language.)

Negative relations

All of these relations can be prefixed with "Not" to express a negative assertion, such as /r/NotIsA /c/en/mammal /c/en/plant.