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<!DOCTYPE html>
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_ooOoo_
o8888888o
88" . "88
(| -_- |)
O\ = /O
____/`---'\____
.' \\| |// `.
/ \\||| : |||// \
/ _||||| -:- |||||- \
| | \\\ - /// | |
| \_| ''\---/'' | |
\ .-\__ `-` ___/-. /
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."" '< `.___\_<|>_/___.' >'"".
| | : `- \`.;`\ _ /`;.`/ - ` : | |
\ \ `-. \_ __\ /__ _/ .-` / /
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`=---='
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
佛祖保佑 永无BUG
-->
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<h3 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="headerlink" title="简介"></a>简介</h3><p>Sass 是一款强化 CSS 的辅助工具，它在 CSS 语法的基础上增加了变量 (variables)、嵌套 (nested rules)、混合 (mixins)、导入 (inline imports) 等高级功能，这些拓展令 CSS 更加强大与优雅。</p>
<hr>
<a id="more"></a>
<h3 id="导入"><a href="#导入" class="headerlink" title="导入"></a>导入</h3><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="string">"reset.css"</span>; <span class="comment">// css</span></span><br><span class="line">@<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="string">"index"</span>; <span class="comment">// sass</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="变量"><a href="#变量" class="headerlink" title="变量"></a>变量</h3><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 普通变量</span></span><br><span class="line">$fontSize:<span class="number">16</span>px;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 默认变量</span></span><br><span class="line">$baseLineHeight: <span class="number">1.5</span> !<span class="keyword">default</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 覆盖默认变量，需要写在 !default 前面</span></span><br><span class="line">$baseLineHeight: <span class="number">1.7</span>;</span><br><span class="line">$baseLineHeight: <span class="number">1.5</span> !<span class="keyword">default</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 一维 list</span></span><br><span class="line">$px: (<span class="number">5</span>px <span class="number">10</span>px <span class="number">20</span>px <span class="number">30</span>px);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 二维 list</span></span><br><span class="line">$px: (<span class="number">5</span>px <span class="number">10</span>px)</span><br><span class="line"> (<span class="number">20</span>px <span class="number">30</span>px);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 或者</span></span><br><span class="line">$pxs: <span class="number">5</span>px <span class="number">10</span>px, <span class="number">20</span>px <span class="number">30</span>px;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// Map 类似对象</span></span><br><span class="line">$heading: (</span><br><span class="line"> h1: <span class="number">2</span>em,</span><br><span class="line"> h2: <span class="number">1.5</span>em,</span><br><span class="line"> h3: <span class="number">1.2</span>em</span><br><span class="line">);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="插值"><a href="#插值" class="headerlink" title="插值"></a>插值</h3><p>插值使用 #{}</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// Variables</span></span><br><span class="line">$mySelector: banner;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// .banner</span></span><br><span class="line">.#{mySelector} {</span><br><span class="line"> font-weight: bold;</span><br><span class="line"> line-height: <span class="number">40</span>px;</span><br><span class="line"> margin: <span class="number">0</span> auto;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="跳出嵌套"><a href="#跳出嵌套" class="headerlink" title="跳出嵌套"></a>跳出嵌套</h3><p>@at-root (without: rule| all | media)</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 跳出普通的嵌套</span></span><br><span class="line">.demo {</span><br><span class="line"> animation: motion <span class="number">3</span>s infinite;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> @at-root {</span><br><span class="line"> @keyframes motion {</span><br><span class="line"> ...</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 跳出 media 嵌套</span></span><br><span class="line">@media print {</span><br><span class="line"> .parent2{</span><br><span class="line"> color:#f00;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> @at-root (without: media) {</span><br><span class="line"> .child2 {</span><br><span class="line"> width:<span class="number">200</span>px;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="混合-mixin"><a href="#混合-mixin" class="headerlink" title="混合(mixin)"></a>混合(mixin)</h3><p>使用 @mixin 声明混合，可以传递参数，参数名以$符号开始，多个参数以逗号分开，也可以给参数设置默认值。
@mixin 通过 @include 来调用。
混合器中不仅可以包含属性，也可以包含 css 规则，包含选择器和选择器中的属性，也可以使用 & 上下文。</p>
<p>为便于书写，@mixin 可以用 = 表示，而 @include 可以用 + 表示</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 无参数</span></span><br><span class="line">@mixin block {</span><br><span class="line"> display: block;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// css 规则，注意上下文</span></span><br><span class="line">@mixin no-bullets {</span><br><span class="line"> list-style: none;</span><br><span class="line"> li {</span><br><span class="line"> list-style-image: none;</span><br><span class="line"> list-style-type: none;</span><br><span class="line"> margin-left: <span class="number">0</span>px;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 带参数</span></span><br><span class="line">@mixin opacity($opacity: <span class="number">50</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> opacity: $opacity / <span class="number">100</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> filter: alpha(opacity=$opacity);</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 多个参数</span></span><br><span class="line">@mixin horizontal-line($border: 1px dashed #ccc, $padding: 10px){</span><br><span class="line"> border-bottom: $border;</span><br><span class="line"> padding-top: $padding;</span><br><span class="line"> padding-bottom: $padding;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">@include horizontal-line($padding: <span class="number">15</span>px);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 多组值参数</span></span><br><span class="line">@mixin box-shadow($shadow...) {</span><br><span class="line"> -webkit-box-shadow:$shadow;</span><br><span class="line"> box-shadow:$shadow;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">@include box-shadow(</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">0</span> <span class="number">2</span>px <span class="number">2</span>px rgba(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0.3</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">0</span> <span class="number">3</span>px <span class="number">3</span>px rgba(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0.2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="Content"><a href="#Content" class="headerlink" title="@Content"></a>@Content</h4><p>@content 它可以使 @mixin 接受一整块样式，接受的样式从 @content 开始。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@mixin max-screen($res) {</span><br><span class="line"> @media only screen and ( max-width: $res ) {</span><br><span class="line"> @content; <span class="comment">// body { color: red }</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">@include max-screen(<span class="number">480</span>px) {</span><br><span class="line"> body { <span class="attr">color</span>: red } <span class="comment">// 这里就i @content 引用的内容</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="继承"><a href="#继承" class="headerlink" title="继承"></a>继承</h2><p>选择器继承可以让选择器继承另一个选择器的所有样式，并联合声明。使用选择器的继承，要使用关键词 @extend，后面紧跟需要继承的选择器。
继承可以继承默认的元素属性，比如让一个div继承a，那么这 div 看起来就好像 a 一样。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 继承现有的标签，或类</span></span><br><span class="line">h1{</span><br><span class="line"> border: 4px solid #ff9aa9;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line">.speaker{</span><br><span class="line"> @extend h1;</span><br><span class="line"> border-width: <span class="number">2</span>px;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="占位选择器"><a href="#占位选择器" class="headerlink" title="占位选择器%"></a>占位选择器%</h2><p>可以定义占位选择器 %，如果不调用则不会有任何多余的 css 代码。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">%block {</span><br><span class="line"> display: block;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">.box {</span><br><span class="line"> @extend %block;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="函数"><a href="#函数" class="headerlink" title="函数"></a>函数</h2><p>sass定义了很多函数可供使用，当然你也可以自己定义函数，以@fuction开始。</p>
<p>使用最多的是颜色函数：
颜色函数中又以 lighten 减淡和 darken 加深为最，
其调用方法为 lighten($color, $amount) 和 darken($color, $amount)
它们的第一个参数都是颜色值，第二个参数都是百分比。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">pxToRem</span>(<span class="params">$px</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> @<span class="keyword">return</span> $px / $baseFontSize * <span class="number">1</span>rem;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line">body {</span><br><span class="line"> color: lighten($gray, <span class="number">10</span>%); <span class="comment">// 直接使用</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line">div {</span><br><span class="line"> font-size: pxToRem(<span class="number">16</span>px);</span><br><span class="line"> color: darken($gray, <span class="number">10</span>%);</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="if判断"><a href="#if判断" class="headerlink" title="@if判断"></a>@if判断</h2><p>@if 可一个条件单独使用，也可以和 @else 结合多条件使用</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$big: <span class="literal">false</span>;</span><br><span class="line">p {</span><br><span class="line"> @<span class="keyword">if</span> $big == <span class="literal">false</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> margin: <span class="number">10</span>px;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> @<span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> margin: <span class="number">10</span>px auto;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="三目判断"><a href="#三目判断" class="headerlink" title="三目判断"></a>三目判断</h2><p>语法为：if($condition, $if_true, $if_false) 。三个参数分别表示：条件，条件为真的值，条件为假的值。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$min: <span class="number">20</span>;</span><br><span class="line">p {</span><br><span class="line"> color: <span class="keyword">if</span>($min > <span class="number">10</span>, red, blue); <span class="comment">// blue</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="for循环"><a href="#for循环" class="headerlink" title="for循环"></a>for循环</h2><p>for 循环有两种形式，分别为：@for $var from [start] through [end] 和 @for $var from [start] to [end]。
关键字through表示包括end这个数，而to则不包括end这个数。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@<span class="keyword">for</span> $i <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="number">1</span> through <span class="number">3</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> .item-#{$i} { width: 2em * $i; }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="each-循环"><a href="#each-循环" class="headerlink" title="@each 循环"></a>@each 循环</h2><p>语法为：@each $var in [list or map]</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$headings: (h1: <span class="number">2</span>em, <span class="attr">h2</span>: <span class="number">1.5</span>em, <span class="attr">h3</span>: <span class="number">1.2</span>em);</span><br><span class="line">@each $header, $size <span class="keyword">in</span> $headings {</span><br><span class="line"> #{$header} {</span><br><span class="line"> font-size: $size;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<p><span>发布时间:</span>2018年09月01日 - 17:09</p>
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