A temporal binary signal is a binary signal along with information related to the possible states it can have over time.
If that sounds complicated don't worry it's probably something you've run into a few times when working on games, for example if you work with keypresses, then sometimes a signal comes in every tick about whether the key is actively being pressed, you then check if the signal just changed and do some specific behavior then, eg shoot a gun or do a certain action.
This small class makes this behavior very simple to model.