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index.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Unbeatable Tic Tac Toe - Proof of concept by github.com/g-30</title>
<style>
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Delicious+Handrawn');
:root {
--grid-gap: .1em;
--strike-through-width: .1em;
--bg-color: #44674F;
}
body {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
min-height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
body {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
background: var(--bg-color);
background: radial-gradient(ellipse at center, #63856a 1%,#3c5a40 100%);
box-shadow: inset 0 0 4vw rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);
}
body:before {
content: '';
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
/** inlined noise image */
background: url('data:image/png;base64,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')
0 0 / 4rem repeat;
mix-blend-mode: soft-light;
opacity: .75;
pointer-events: none;
}
body > div {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
/** Game wrap, SVG & animation */
#playground {
position: relative;
width: 70vh;
height: 70vh;
max-width: 32rem;
max-height: 32rem;
transition: opacity 300ms linear;
opacity: 0;
}
#playground.visible {
opacity: 1;
}
.line_animation svg line {
animation: dash 300ms ease-in;
animation-fill-mode: forwards;
}
svg line:nth-of-type(2) { animation-delay: 400ms; }
svg line:nth-of-type(3) { animation-delay: 700ms; }
svg line:nth-of-type(4) { animation-delay: 1000ms; }
@keyframes dash {
to {
stroke-dashoffset: 0;
}
}
svg {
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: auto;
opacity: .95;
transform: rotateZ(0.5deg);
}
/** The grid and the strikethrough line */
#xo {
position: relative;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
grid-template-rows: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: var(--grid-gap);
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
#xo.game_ended {
pointer-events: none;
}
#xo:after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
display: none;
width: 90%;
height: var(--strike-through-width);
border-radius: calc(var(--strike-through-width) / 2);
background: #fff;
left: 5%;
top: 17%;
transform: rotateZ(-1deg);
filter: url(#chalk2) drop-shadow(0 0 1px var(--bg-color));
}
#xo.game_end_0:after, #xo.game_end_1:after, #xo.game_end_2:after { display: block; }
#xo.game_end_1:after { top: 48%; }
#xo.game_end_2:after { top: 82%; }
#xo.game_end_3:after, #xo.game_end_4:after, #xo.game_end_5:after {
display: block;
left: 15%;
top: 5%;
width: var(--strike-through-width);
height: 90%;
}
#xo.game_end_4:after { left: 48%; }
#xo.game_end_5:after { left: 82%; }
#xo.game_end_6:after, #xo.game_end_7:after {
display: block;
top: 52%;
left: -10%;
width: 124%;
transform: rotateZ(45deg);
}
#xo.game_end_7:after { top: 45%; transform: rotateZ(-45deg); }
/** Grid items (x / o letters) */
#xo p {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
margin: 0;
font-family: 'Delicious Handrawn', 'Comic Sans MS', 'Comic Sans', cursive;
font-size: .9em;
color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .92);
filter: url(#chalk2);
transform: rotateZ(3deg) scaleY(0.8);
cursor: pointer;
}
#xo p:nth-child(2n) {
transform: rotateZ(-175deg) scaleY(0.8);
}
#xo p:nth-child(3n) {
transform: scaleX(-1) scaleY(0.82);
}
#xo p.empty:before {
content: 'X';
opacity: 0;
}
#xo p.empty:hover:before {
content: 'X';
opacity: .3;
}
#xo p.userMarked:before {
content: 'X';
}
#xo p.computerMarked:before {
content: 'O';
}
/** refresh button and its states */
.button_wrap {
position: relative;
display: block;
height: 106px;
}
button, button:before, button:after {
display: block;
box-sizing: border-box;
border-radius: 35px;
}
button {
width: 60px;
height: 60px;
padding: 10px;
margin: 50px auto;
background-color: transparent;
border: rgba(0,0,0,0.3) 1px solid;
border-top-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
border-left-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
border-right-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
border-bottom-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
box-shadow: inset rgba(255,255,255,0.3) -5px -30px 10px,
inset rgba(255,255,255,0.3) 0px 30px 10px,
inset rgba(255,255,255,1) 0px 2px 1px,
rgba(0,0,0,0.4) 0px 10px 15px;
transition: box-shadow 0s ease-in-out;
text-align: center;
cursor: pointer;
background-image: radial-gradient( 50% 0%, 8% 50%, hsla(0,0%,100%,.2) 0%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 100%),
radial-gradient( 50% 100%, 12% 50%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 0%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 100%),
radial-gradient( 0% 50%, 50% 7%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 0%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 100%),
radial-gradient( 100% 50%, 50% 5%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 0%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 100%),
repeating-radial-gradient( 50% 50%, 100% 100%, hsla(0,0%, 0%,0) 0%, hsla(0,0%, 0%,0) 3%, hsla(0,0%, 0%,.1) 3.5%),
repeating-radial-gradient( 50% 50%, 100% 100%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 0%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 6%, hsla(0,0%,100%,.1) 7.5%),
repeating-radial-gradient( 50% 50%, 100% 100%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 0%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 1.2%, hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 2.2%);
}
button:disabled {
pointer-events: none;
}
button:before, button:after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
}
button:before {
z-index: -50;
width: 60px;
height: 64px;
margin-top: -15px;
margin-left: -11px;
background: #666666;
background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, right top, color-stop(0%,#666666), color-stop(50%,#bbbbbb), color-stop(100%,#666666));
background: linear-gradient(left, #666666 0%,#bbbbbb 50%,#666666 100%);
box-shadow: #000 0px 0px 2px;
transition: transform 300ms ease-out;
}
button:after {
z-index: -100;
width: 70px;
height: 70px;
margin-top: -64px;
margin-left: -16px;
background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
box-shadow: inset rgba(255,255,255,0.1) 0px -5px 5px,
rgba(0,0,0,0.1) 0px 3px 3px,
rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 0px -3px 3px;
}
button:disabled, button:active {
margin-top: 46px;
color: #fff;
box-shadow: inset rgba(255,255,255,0.4) 0px -30px 15px,
inset rgba(255,255,255,0.2) -25px 25px 10px,
inset rgba(255,255,255,1) 0px 2px 1px,
rgba(0,0,0,0.4) 0px 2px 3px;
}
button:disabled:before, button:active:before {
height: 60px;
margin-top: -11px;
}
button:disabled:after, button:active:after {
margin-top: -60px;
}
button:disabled {
box-shadow: inset rgba(255,255,255,0.4) 0px -30px 15px,
inset rgba(255,255,255,0.2) -25px 25px 10px,
inset rgba(255,255,255,1) 0px 2px 1px;
}
button:disabled:before {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);
}
button i {
display: inline-block;
width: 40px;
height: 40px;
background: url('data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" xml:space="preserve"><path class="st0" d="M404 108c-28-27-63-47-103-56l3-52-102 54-27 14-5 3 8 4 38 21 81 43 2-42a165 165 0 0 1 109 225l40 17a208 208 0 0 0-44-231zM296 416l-81-43-2 42A164 164 0 0 1 91 256c0-23 5-46 13-66l-40-17a209 209 0 0 0 147 287l-3 52 102-54 27-14 5-3-8-4-38-21z" fill="black"/></svg>')
no-repeat center center / 32px;
transition: transform 300ms ease-out;
filter: drop-shadow(rgba(0,0,0,0.2) 0px -2px 1px) drop-shadow(rgb(255,255,255) 0px 1px 2px);
opacity: .5;
}
button:not(:disabled):hover:before {
transform: rotateZ(-7.5deg);
}
button:not(:disabled):hover i {
transform: rotateZ(-7.5deg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<div id="playground" class="visible line_animation">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 200 200">
<defs>
<filter id="chalk" x="0" y="0">
<feTurbulence result="turbulenceFine" seed="0" type="fractalNoise" baseFrequency="0.06" numOctaves="3"/>
<feTurbulence result="turbulenceFat" seed="0" type="fractalNoise" baseFrequency="0.9" numOctaves="4"/>
<feDisplacementMap in="SourceGraphic" in2="turbulenceFat" scale="4"/>
<feDisplacementMap in2="turbulenceFine" scale="3"/>
<feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="0 1" />
<feDisplacementMap in2="turbulenceFine" scale="-5"/>
<feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="1 0" />
<feDisplacementMap in2="turbulenceFat" scale="-8"/>
</filter>
<filter id="chalk2" x="0" y="0">
<feTurbulence result="turbulenceFine" seed="0" type="fractalNoise" baseFrequency="0.2" numOctaves="3"/>
<feTurbulence result="turbulenceFat" seed="0" type="fractalNoise" baseFrequency="0.05" numOctaves="4"/>
<feDisplacementMap in="SourceGraphic" in2="turbulenceFat" scale="10"/>
<feDisplacementMap in2="turbulenceFine" scale="5"/>
<feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="0 1" />
<feDisplacementMap in2="turbulenceFine" scale="-5"/>
<feDisplacementMap in2="turbulenceFat" scale="-10"/>
</filter>
</defs>
<line filter="url(#chalk)" x1="66" y1="7" x2="62" y2="191" stroke="#FFF" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="8"/>
<line filter="url(#chalk)" x1="137" y1="9" x2="133" y2="194" stroke="#FFF" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="8"/>
<line filter="url(#chalk)" x1="7" y1="62" x2="192" y2="59" stroke="#FFF" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="8"/>
<line filter="url(#chalk)" x1="9" y1="130" x2="194" y2="133" stroke="#FFF" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="8"/>
</svg>
<div id="xo"></div>
</div>
<div class="button_wrap">
<button type="button" id="restartButton" disabled><i></i></button>
</div>
</div>
<script>
// lines animation
const refreshDelay = 500;
for (const elem of document.getElementsByTagName("line")) {
elem.setAttribute('style', `stroke-dasharray:${elem.getTotalLength()};stroke-dashoffset:${elem.getTotalLength()};`);
}
// actual logic
(() => {
const playgroundElem = document.getElementById('playground');
const xoElem = document.getElementById('xo');
const restartButton = document.getElementById('restartButton');
let isPlaygroundBlocked = false;
let isGameOver = false;
// Initial setup - fill in the grid with empty elements;
// also fill in the state array
let playgroundState = [];
for (let i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
const child = document.createElement('p');
child.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
makeUserMove(i);
return false;
});
xoElem.appendChild(child);
playgroundState[i] = -1;
}
// save the initial zero-state for later force restart
const emptyState = [ ...playgroundState ];
// Update the state and initiate computer response or the end
function makeUserMove(i) {
if (isPlaygroundBlocked || playgroundState[i] !== -1) {
// Playground is blocked or the grid item is already filled in - skip
return;
}
playgroundState[i] = 1;
isPlaygroundBlocked = true;
// computer makes a move in response if user hasn't won yet
// and it's not a tie
const winCombinationIndex = getWinCombinationIndex();
if (winCombinationIndex === -1 && playgroundState.some((mover) => mover === -1)) {
setTimeout(makeComputerMove, (Math.random() + 0.5) * 100);
} else {
forceGameOver(winCombinationIndex);
}
drawState();
}
// restart functionality when it's available
restartButton.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
if (!isGameOver) {
return false;
}
forceRestart();
return false;
});
function forceRestart() {
playgroundElem.className = 'line_animation';
setTimeout(() => {
playgroundElem.className = '';
void playgroundElem.offsetWidth; // hacky way to trigger redraw & restart CSS animation
playgroundElem.className = 'visible line_animation';
isGameOver = false;
isPlaygroundBlocked = false;
playgroundState = [ ...emptyState ];
restartButton.disabled = true;
xoElem.className = '';
drawState();
}, refreshDelay);
}
// end the game and show the strikethrough line
function forceGameOver(winCombinationIndex) {
isGameOver = true;
restartButton.disabled = false;
xoElem.className = `game_ended game_end_${winCombinationIndex}`;
}
// all possible win indexes for 3x3 grid
const winCombinations = [
[0, 1, 2],
[3, 4, 5],
[6, 7, 8],
[0, 3, 6],
[1, 4, 7],
[2, 5, 8],
[0, 4, 8],
[2, 4, 6]
];
function getWinCombinationIndex(tempState) {
const state = tempState || playgroundState;
for (let mover = 0; mover <= 1; mover++) {
for (let c = 0; c < winCombinations.length; c++) {
if (winCombinations[c].every((boardIndex) => state[boardIndex] === mover)) {
return c;
}
}
}
return -1;
}
function makeComputerMove() {
const moveData = getComputerMoveData([ ...playgroundState ]);
if (moveData.index === -1) {
forceGameOver(-1);
alert('Bad state - computer got no moves to make');
return;
}
playgroundState[moveData.index] = 0;
drawState();
isPlaygroundBlocked = false;
// check if computer won
const winCombinationIndex = getWinCombinationIndex();
if (winCombinationIndex >= 0) {
forceGameOver(winCombinationIndex);
}
}
// the actual minmax recursive algorithm
// there's room for optimization
function getComputerMoveData(tempPlaygroundState, depth) {
const winCombinationIndex = getWinCombinationIndex(tempPlaygroundState);
if (winCombinationIndex !== -1) {
// we've got a winner in this hypothetical game!
const wonMover = tempPlaygroundState[winCombinations[winCombinationIndex][0]];
return {
index: -1,
score: wonMover === 1
? -1 // user hypothetically won (bad)
: 1 // computer hypothetically won (good)
};
} else if (!tempPlaygroundState.some((mover) => mover === -1)) {
// a tie
return { index: -1, score: 0 };
}
depth = (depth || 0) + 1;
// 1 - user's hypothetical turn; 0 - computer's hypothetical turn.
const mover = +!(depth % 2);
const availableMoves = tempPlaygroundState
.map((_, i) => i)
.filter((boardIndex) => tempPlaygroundState[boardIndex] === -1);
const scores = [];
const moves = [];
for (let i = 0; i < availableMoves.length; i++) {
const move = availableMoves[i];
const iterationPlayground = [ ...tempPlaygroundState ];
iterationPlayground[move] = mover;
const hypotheticalMoveData = getComputerMoveData(iterationPlayground, depth);
scores.push(hypotheticalMoveData.score);
moves.push(move);
// rollback the hypothetical move
tempPlaygroundState[move] = -1;
}
const func = mover === 1
? Math.min // we're looking for the min score if it's user's turn
: Math.max; // and for the max score if it's computer's score
const moveScore = func.apply(null, scores);
const moveScoreIndex = scores.indexOf(moveScore);
return { index: moves[moveScoreIndex], score: moveScore };
}
// grid items states
const stateToClassName = { '-1': 'empty', '0': 'computerMarked', '1': 'userMarked' };
// UI state init
drawState();
function drawState() {
const elems = document.querySelectorAll('#xo > p');
for (let i = 0; i < elems.length; i++) {
const elem = elems[i];
elem.className = stateToClassName[playgroundState[i]];
}
}
// recompute the grid on first launch & window resize
window.addEventListener('resize', onWindowResize);
onWindowResize();
function onWindowResize() {
const gridSquareSize = Math.floor(Math.min(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight) * .7);
playgroundElem.style.width = `${gridSquareSize}px`;
playgroundElem.style.height = `${gridSquareSize}px`;
// font size for x & o
const xoRelativeFontSize = Math.floor(xoElem.offsetWidth / 3 / 16 * 100);
playgroundElem.style.fontSize = `${xoRelativeFontSize}%`;
}
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>