diff --git a/client/rpc/name.go b/client/rpc/name.go
index 223b7a22695..eb01ee3cdf0 100644
--- a/client/rpc/name.go
+++ b/client/rpc/name.go
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ import (
 
 	iface "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface"
 	caopts "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options"
-	nsopts "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options/namesys"
 	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/ipns"
+	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/namesys"
 	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/path"
 )
 
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ func (api *NameAPI) Search(ctx context.Context, name string, opts ...caopts.Name
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	ropts := nsopts.ProcessOpts(options.ResolveOpts)
-	if ropts.Depth != nsopts.DefaultDepthLimit && ropts.Depth != 1 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Name.Resolve: depth other than 1 or %d not supported", nsopts.DefaultDepthLimit)
+	ropts := namesys.ProcessResolveOptions(options.ResolveOpts)
+	if ropts.Depth != namesys.DefaultDepthLimit && ropts.Depth != 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Name.Resolve: depth other than 1 or %d not supported", namesys.DefaultDepthLimit)
 	}
 
 	req := api.core().Request("name/resolve", name).
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ func (api *NameAPI) Resolve(ctx context.Context, name string, opts ...caopts.Nam
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	ropts := nsopts.ProcessOpts(options.ResolveOpts)
-	if ropts.Depth != nsopts.DefaultDepthLimit && ropts.Depth != 1 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Name.Resolve: depth other than 1 or %d not supported", nsopts.DefaultDepthLimit)
+	ropts := namesys.ProcessResolveOptions(options.ResolveOpts)
+	if ropts.Depth != namesys.DefaultDepthLimit && ropts.Depth != 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Name.Resolve: depth other than 1 or %d not supported", namesys.DefaultDepthLimit)
 	}
 
 	req := api.core().Request("name/resolve", name).
diff --git a/core/commands/dht_test.go b/core/commands/dht_test.go
index d6a87c954b2..9e32ad0a2d9 100644
--- a/core/commands/dht_test.go
+++ b/core/commands/dht_test.go
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 
 func TestKeyTranslation(t *testing.T) {
 	pid := test.RandPeerIDFatal(t)
-	pkname := namesys.PkKeyForID(pid)
+	pkname := namesys.PkRoutingKey(pid)
 	ipnsname := ipns.NameFromPeer(pid).RoutingKey()
 
 	pkk, err := escapeDhtKey("/pk/" + pid.Pretty())
diff --git a/core/commands/dns.go b/core/commands/dns.go
index 8ab76e64d2e..11d43606a2f 100644
--- a/core/commands/dns.go
+++ b/core/commands/dns.go
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 
-	nsopts "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options/namesys"
 	namesys "github.com/ipfs/boxo/namesys"
 	cmdenv "github.com/ipfs/kubo/core/commands/cmdenv"
 	ncmd "github.com/ipfs/kubo/core/commands/name"
@@ -47,12 +46,12 @@ It will work across multiple DNSLinks and IPNS keys.
 		name := req.Arguments[0]
 		resolver := namesys.NewDNSResolver(node.DNSResolver.LookupTXT)
 
-		var routing []nsopts.ResolveOpt
+		var routing []namesys.ResolveOption
 		if !recursive {
-			routing = append(routing, nsopts.Depth(1))
+			routing = append(routing, namesys.ResolveWithDepth(1))
 		}
 
-		output, err := resolver.Resolve(req.Context, name, routing...)
+		output, _, err := resolver.Resolve(req.Context, name, routing...)
 		if err != nil && (recursive || err != namesys.ErrResolveRecursion) {
 			return err
 		}
diff --git a/core/commands/name/ipns.go b/core/commands/name/ipns.go
index 9791f071fc0..83f99f90c06 100644
--- a/core/commands/name/ipns.go
+++ b/core/commands/name/ipns.go
@@ -7,14 +7,12 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
-	namesys "github.com/ipfs/boxo/namesys"
-	cmdenv "github.com/ipfs/kubo/core/commands/cmdenv"
-
 	options "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options"
-	nsopts "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options/namesys"
+	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/namesys"
 	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/path"
 	cmds "github.com/ipfs/go-ipfs-cmds"
 	logging "github.com/ipfs/go-log"
+	cmdenv "github.com/ipfs/kubo/core/commands/cmdenv"
 )
 
 var log = logging.Logger("core/commands/ipns")
@@ -108,10 +106,10 @@ Resolve the value of a dnslink:
 		}
 
 		if !recursive {
-			opts = append(opts, options.Name.ResolveOption(nsopts.Depth(1)))
+			opts = append(opts, options.Name.ResolveOption(namesys.ResolveWithDepth(1)))
 		}
 		if rcok {
-			opts = append(opts, options.Name.ResolveOption(nsopts.DhtRecordCount(rc)))
+			opts = append(opts, options.Name.ResolveOption(namesys.ResolveWithDhtRecordCount(rc)))
 		}
 		if dhttok {
 			d, err := time.ParseDuration(dhtt)
@@ -121,7 +119,7 @@ Resolve the value of a dnslink:
 			if d < 0 {
 				return errors.New("DHT timeout value must be >= 0")
 			}
-			opts = append(opts, options.Name.ResolveOption(nsopts.DhtTimeout(d)))
+			opts = append(opts, options.Name.ResolveOption(namesys.ResolveWithDhtTimeout(d)))
 		}
 
 		if !strings.HasPrefix(name, "/ipns/") {
diff --git a/core/commands/resolve.go b/core/commands/resolve.go
index a69b21564ba..2782f6fd269 100644
--- a/core/commands/resolve.go
+++ b/core/commands/resolve.go
@@ -8,14 +8,13 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	ns "github.com/ipfs/boxo/namesys"
-	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/path"
 	cidenc "github.com/ipfs/go-cidutil/cidenc"
 	cmdenv "github.com/ipfs/kubo/core/commands/cmdenv"
 	"github.com/ipfs/kubo/core/commands/cmdutils"
 	ncmd "github.com/ipfs/kubo/core/commands/name"
 
 	options "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options"
-	nsopts "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options/namesys"
+	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/path"
 	cmds "github.com/ipfs/go-ipfs-cmds"
 )
 
@@ -87,11 +86,11 @@ Resolve the value of an IPFS DAG path:
 			rc, rcok := req.Options[resolveDhtRecordCountOptionName].(uint)
 			dhtt, dhttok := req.Options[resolveDhtTimeoutOptionName].(string)
 			ropts := []options.NameResolveOption{
-				options.Name.ResolveOption(nsopts.Depth(1)),
+				options.Name.ResolveOption(ns.ResolveWithDepth(1)),
 			}
 
 			if rcok {
-				ropts = append(ropts, options.Name.ResolveOption(nsopts.DhtRecordCount(rc)))
+				ropts = append(ropts, options.Name.ResolveOption(ns.ResolveWithDhtRecordCount(rc)))
 			}
 			if dhttok {
 				d, err := time.ParseDuration(dhtt)
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ Resolve the value of an IPFS DAG path:
 				if d < 0 {
 					return errors.New("DHT timeout value must be >= 0")
 				}
-				ropts = append(ropts, options.Name.ResolveOption(nsopts.DhtTimeout(d)))
+				ropts = append(ropts, options.Name.ResolveOption(ns.ResolveWithDhtTimeout(d)))
 			}
 			p, err := api.Name().Resolve(req.Context, name, ropts...)
 			// ErrResolveRecursion is fine
diff --git a/core/coreapi/name.go b/core/coreapi/name.go
index 0a398ef265a..a26cbc30abc 100644
--- a/core/coreapi/name.go
+++ b/core/coreapi/name.go
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import (
 
 	coreiface "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface"
 	caopts "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options"
-	nsopts "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options/namesys"
 	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/path"
 	ci "github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core/crypto"
 	peer "github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core/peer"
@@ -57,13 +56,13 @@ func (api *NameAPI) Publish(ctx context.Context, p path.Path, opts ...caopts.Nam
 
 	eol := time.Now().Add(options.ValidTime)
 
-	publishOptions := []nsopts.PublishOption{
-		nsopts.PublishWithEOL(eol),
-		nsopts.PublishCompatibleWithV1(options.CompatibleWithV1),
+	publishOptions := []namesys.PublishOption{
+		namesys.PublishWithEOL(eol),
+		namesys.PublishWithIPNSOption(ipns.WithV1Compatibility(options.CompatibleWithV1)),
 	}
 
 	if options.TTL != nil {
-		publishOptions = append(publishOptions, nsopts.PublishWithTTL(*options.TTL))
+		publishOptions = append(publishOptions, namesys.PublishWithTTL(*options.TTL))
 	}
 
 	err = api.namesys.Publish(ctx, k, p, publishOptions...)
diff --git a/core/coreapi/path.go b/core/coreapi/path.go
index bbc6ea2d209..379e9d1e72f 100644
--- a/core/coreapi/path.go
+++ b/core/coreapi/path.go
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ package coreapi
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 
-	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/namesys/resolve"
+	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/namesys"
 	"github.com/ipfs/kubo/tracing"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
@@ -40,8 +41,8 @@ func (api *CoreAPI) ResolvePath(ctx context.Context, p path.Path) (path.Immutabl
 	ctx, span := tracing.Span(ctx, "CoreAPI", "ResolvePath", trace.WithAttributes(attribute.String("path", p.String())))
 	defer span.End()
 
-	p, err := resolve.ResolveIPNS(ctx, api.namesys, p)
-	if err == resolve.ErrNoNamesys {
+	p, _, err := namesys.Resolve(ctx, api.namesys, p)
+	if errors.Is(err, namesys.ErrNoNamesys) {
 		return nil, nil, coreiface.ErrOffline
 	} else if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, err
diff --git a/core/corehttp/gateway.go b/core/corehttp/gateway.go
index 4650c806dac..6fd96e9449f 100644
--- a/core/corehttp/gateway.go
+++ b/core/corehttp/gateway.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/blockservice"
 	iface "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface"
@@ -170,10 +171,10 @@ func (o *offlineGatewayErrWrapper) GetIPNSRecord(ctx context.Context, c cid.Cid)
 	return rec, err
 }
 
-func (o *offlineGatewayErrWrapper) ResolveMutable(ctx context.Context, path path.Path) (path.ImmutablePath, error) {
-	imPath, err := o.gwimpl.ResolveMutable(ctx, path)
+func (o *offlineGatewayErrWrapper) ResolveMutable(ctx context.Context, path path.Path) (path.ImmutablePath, time.Duration, error) {
+	imPath, ttl, err := o.gwimpl.ResolveMutable(ctx, path)
 	err = offlineErrWrap(err)
-	return imPath, err
+	return imPath, ttl, err
 }
 
 func (o *offlineGatewayErrWrapper) GetDNSLinkRecord(ctx context.Context, s string) (path.Path, error) {
diff --git a/core/corehttp/gateway_test.go b/core/corehttp/gateway_test.go
index 86143bda687..cc324dac124 100644
--- a/core/corehttp/gateway_test.go
+++ b/core/corehttp/gateway_test.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/namesys"
 	version "github.com/ipfs/kubo"
@@ -17,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 
 	iface "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface"
-	nsopts "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options/namesys"
 	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/path"
 	"github.com/ipfs/go-datastore"
 	syncds "github.com/ipfs/go-datastore/sync"
@@ -27,41 +27,41 @@ import (
 
 type mockNamesys map[string]path.Path
 
-func (m mockNamesys) Resolve(ctx context.Context, name string, opts ...nsopts.ResolveOpt) (value path.Path, err error) {
-	cfg := nsopts.DefaultResolveOpts()
+func (m mockNamesys) Resolve(ctx context.Context, name string, opts ...namesys.ResolveOption) (value path.Path, ttl time.Duration, err error) {
+	cfg := namesys.DefaultResolveOptions()
 	for _, o := range opts {
 		o(&cfg)
 	}
 	depth := cfg.Depth
-	if depth == nsopts.UnlimitedDepth {
+	if depth == namesys.UnlimitedDepth {
 		// max uint
 		depth = ^uint(0)
 	}
 	for strings.HasPrefix(name, "/ipns/") {
 		if depth == 0 {
-			return value, namesys.ErrResolveRecursion
+			return value, 0, namesys.ErrResolveRecursion
 		}
 		depth--
 
 		var ok bool
 		value, ok = m[name]
 		if !ok {
-			return nil, namesys.ErrResolveFailed
+			return nil, 0, namesys.ErrResolveFailed
 		}
 		name = value.String()
 	}
-	return value, nil
+	return value, 0, nil
 }
 
-func (m mockNamesys) ResolveAsync(ctx context.Context, name string, opts ...nsopts.ResolveOpt) <-chan namesys.Result {
-	out := make(chan namesys.Result, 1)
-	v, err := m.Resolve(ctx, name, opts...)
-	out <- namesys.Result{Path: v, Err: err}
+func (m mockNamesys) ResolveAsync(ctx context.Context, name string, opts ...namesys.ResolveOption) <-chan namesys.ResolveResult {
+	out := make(chan namesys.ResolveResult, 1)
+	v, ttl, err := m.Resolve(ctx, name, opts...)
+	out <- namesys.ResolveResult{Path: v, TTL: ttl, Err: err}
 	close(out)
 	return out
 }
 
-func (m mockNamesys) Publish(ctx context.Context, name ci.PrivKey, value path.Path, opts ...nsopts.PublishOption) error {
+func (m mockNamesys) Publish(ctx context.Context, name ci.PrivKey, value path.Path, opts ...namesys.PublishOption) error {
 	return errors.New("not implemented for mockNamesys")
 }
 
diff --git a/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.mod b/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.mod
index 279ee600473..8f0109efd51 100644
--- a/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.mod
+++ b/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.mod
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ go 1.20
 replace github.com/ipfs/kubo => ./../../..
 
 require (
-	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230907091818-4276346cc566
+	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230908121606-7e758dc9b328
 	github.com/ipfs/kubo v0.0.0-00010101000000-000000000000
 	github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p v0.30.0
 	github.com/multiformats/go-multiaddr v0.11.0
diff --git a/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.sum b/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.sum
index 44f4958a1e6..9e8798e736c 100644
--- a/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.sum
+++ b/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.sum
@@ -300,8 +300,8 @@ github.com/ianlancetaylor/demangle v0.0.0-20181102032728-5e5cf60278f6/go.mod h1:
 github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.0.0/go.mod h1:PxqpIevigyE2G7u3NXJIT2ANytuPF1OarO4DADm73n8=
 github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4 h1:Gi+8EGJ2y5qiD5FbsbpX/TMNcJw8gSqr7eyjHa4Fhvs=
 github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4/go.mod h1:cS9YprKXpoZ9lT0n/Mw/a6/aFV6DTjTLYHeA+gyqMG0=
-github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230907091818-4276346cc566 h1:/4+41Dd6nXt/i8K3sYRaUvgcsjgODmqm91WF5kUbDSQ=
-github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230907091818-4276346cc566/go.mod h1:btrtHy0lmO1ODMECbbEY1pxNtrLilvKSYLoGQt1yYCk=
+github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230908121606-7e758dc9b328 h1:Craaw+Uwmy2USVk9CMlGF3GePfXCFkc+MTfbGbSs4OA=
+github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230908121606-7e758dc9b328/go.mod h1:btrtHy0lmO1ODMECbbEY1pxNtrLilvKSYLoGQt1yYCk=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitfield v1.1.0 h1:fh7FIo8bSwaJEh6DdTWbCeZ1eqOaOkKFI74SCnsWbGA=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitfield v1.1.0/go.mod h1:paqf1wjq/D2BBmzfTVFlJQ9IlFOZpg422HL0HqsGWHU=
 github.com/ipfs/go-block-format v0.0.2/go.mod h1:AWR46JfpcObNfg3ok2JHDUfdiHRgWhJgCQF+KIgOPJY=
diff --git a/fuse/ipns/common.go b/fuse/ipns/common.go
index ad8ff8a6b6d..2395159a784 100644
--- a/fuse/ipns/common.go
+++ b/fuse/ipns/common.go
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 
 	ft "github.com/ipfs/boxo/ipld/unixfs"
-	nsys "github.com/ipfs/boxo/namesys"
+	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/namesys"
 	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/path"
 	"github.com/ipfs/kubo/core"
 	ci "github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core/crypto"
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ func InitializeKeyspace(n *core.IpfsNode, key ci.PrivKey) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	pub := nsys.NewIpnsPublisher(n.Routing, n.Repo.Datastore())
+	pub := namesys.NewIPNSPublisher(n.Routing, n.Repo.Datastore())
 
 	return pub.Publish(ctx, key, path.NewIPFSPath(emptyDir.Cid()))
 }
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 4b22e7369b0..6be6e0a01c2 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.6.0
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.3.0
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1
-	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230907091818-4276346cc566
+	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230908121606-7e758dc9b328
 	github.com/ipfs/go-block-format v0.1.2
 	github.com/ipfs/go-cid v0.4.1
 	github.com/ipfs/go-cidutil v0.1.0
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index fd5db08e0cc..208bb7d2531 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -335,8 +335,8 @@ github.com/ianlancetaylor/demangle v0.0.0-20181102032728-5e5cf60278f6/go.mod h1:
 github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.0.0/go.mod h1:PxqpIevigyE2G7u3NXJIT2ANytuPF1OarO4DADm73n8=
 github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4 h1:Gi+8EGJ2y5qiD5FbsbpX/TMNcJw8gSqr7eyjHa4Fhvs=
 github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4/go.mod h1:cS9YprKXpoZ9lT0n/Mw/a6/aFV6DTjTLYHeA+gyqMG0=
-github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230907091818-4276346cc566 h1:/4+41Dd6nXt/i8K3sYRaUvgcsjgODmqm91WF5kUbDSQ=
-github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230907091818-4276346cc566/go.mod h1:btrtHy0lmO1ODMECbbEY1pxNtrLilvKSYLoGQt1yYCk=
+github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230908121606-7e758dc9b328 h1:Craaw+Uwmy2USVk9CMlGF3GePfXCFkc+MTfbGbSs4OA=
+github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230908121606-7e758dc9b328/go.mod h1:btrtHy0lmO1ODMECbbEY1pxNtrLilvKSYLoGQt1yYCk=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitfield v1.1.0 h1:fh7FIo8bSwaJEh6DdTWbCeZ1eqOaOkKFI74SCnsWbGA=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitfield v1.1.0/go.mod h1:paqf1wjq/D2BBmzfTVFlJQ9IlFOZpg422HL0HqsGWHU=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitswap v0.11.0 h1:j1WVvhDX1yhG32NTC9xfxnqycqYIlhzEzLXG/cU1HyQ=
diff --git a/test/dependencies/go.mod b/test/dependencies/go.mod
index 2a5536b8859..528f948a8fa 100644
--- a/test/dependencies/go.mod
+++ b/test/dependencies/go.mod
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ replace github.com/ipfs/kubo => ../../
 require (
 	github.com/Kubuxu/gocovmerge v0.0.0-20161216165753-7ecaa51963cd
 	github.com/golangci/golangci-lint v1.54.1
-	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230907091818-4276346cc566
+	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230908121606-7e758dc9b328
 	github.com/ipfs/go-cid v0.4.1
 	github.com/ipfs/go-cidutil v0.1.0
 	github.com/ipfs/go-datastore v0.6.0
@@ -165,6 +165,9 @@ require (
 	github.com/libp2p/go-cidranger v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/libp2p/go-flow-metrics v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-asn-util v0.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-kad-dht v0.24.2 // indirect
+	github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-kbucket v0.6.3 // indirect
+	github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-record v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/libp2p/go-msgio v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/libp2p/go-nat v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/libp2p/go-netroute v0.2.1 // indirect
@@ -264,11 +267,14 @@ require (
 	github.com/ultraware/whitespace v0.0.5 // indirect
 	github.com/urfave/cli v1.22.10 // indirect
 	github.com/uudashr/gocognit v1.0.7 // indirect
+	github.com/whyrusleeping/base32 v0.0.0-20170828182744-c30ac30633cc // indirect
+	github.com/whyrusleeping/go-keyspace v0.0.0-20160322163242-5b898ac5add1 // indirect
 	github.com/xen0n/gosmopolitan v1.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/yagipy/maintidx v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/yeya24/promlinter v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/ykadowak/zerologlint v0.1.3 // indirect
 	gitlab.com/bosi/decorder v0.4.0 // indirect
+	go.opencensus.io v0.24.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.16.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.16.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.16.0 // indirect
@@ -288,6 +294,7 @@ require (
 	golang.org/x/term v0.11.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.12.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.12.1-0.20230815132531-74c255bcf846 // indirect
+	gonum.org/v1/gonum v0.13.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
diff --git a/test/dependencies/go.sum b/test/dependencies/go.sum
index 7937e003a73..f1711ce1f29 100644
--- a/test/dependencies/go.sum
+++ b/test/dependencies/go.sum
@@ -252,6 +252,7 @@ github.com/golang/glog v0.0.0-20160126235308-23def4e6c14b/go.mod h1:SBH7ygxi8pfU
 github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20190702054246-869f871628b6/go.mod h1:cIg4eruTrX1D+g88fzRXU5OdNfaM+9IcxsU14FzY7Hc=
 github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20191227052852-215e87163ea7/go.mod h1:cIg4eruTrX1D+g88fzRXU5OdNfaM+9IcxsU14FzY7Hc=
 github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20200121045136-8c9f03a8e57e/go.mod h1:cIg4eruTrX1D+g88fzRXU5OdNfaM+9IcxsU14FzY7Hc=
+github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20210331224755-41bb18bfe9da h1:oI5xCqsCo564l8iNU+DwB5epxmsaqB+rhGL0m5jtYqE=
 github.com/golang/lint v0.0.0-20180702182130-06c8688daad7/go.mod h1:tluoj9z5200jBnyusfRPU2LqT6J+DAorxEvtC7LHB+E=
 github.com/golang/mock v1.1.1/go.mod h1:oTYuIxOrZwtPieC+H1uAHpcLFnEyAGVDL/k47Jfbm0A=
 github.com/golang/mock v1.2.0/go.mod h1:oTYuIxOrZwtPieC+H1uAHpcLFnEyAGVDL/k47Jfbm0A=
@@ -310,6 +311,7 @@ github.com/google/go-cmp v0.4.1/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.0/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.1/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.2/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
+github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.3/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.4/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.6/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
@@ -396,8 +398,8 @@ github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 h1:wN+x4NVGpMsO7ErUn/mUI3vEoE6Jt13X2
 github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0/go.mod h1:vpF70FUmC8bwa3OWnCshd2FqLfsEA9PFc4w1p2J65bw=
 github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4 h1:Gi+8EGJ2y5qiD5FbsbpX/TMNcJw8gSqr7eyjHa4Fhvs=
 github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4/go.mod h1:cS9YprKXpoZ9lT0n/Mw/a6/aFV6DTjTLYHeA+gyqMG0=
-github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230907091818-4276346cc566 h1:/4+41Dd6nXt/i8K3sYRaUvgcsjgODmqm91WF5kUbDSQ=
-github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230907091818-4276346cc566/go.mod h1:btrtHy0lmO1ODMECbbEY1pxNtrLilvKSYLoGQt1yYCk=
+github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230908121606-7e758dc9b328 h1:Craaw+Uwmy2USVk9CMlGF3GePfXCFkc+MTfbGbSs4OA=
+github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.12.1-0.20230908121606-7e758dc9b328/go.mod h1:btrtHy0lmO1ODMECbbEY1pxNtrLilvKSYLoGQt1yYCk=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitfield v1.1.0 h1:fh7FIo8bSwaJEh6DdTWbCeZ1eqOaOkKFI74SCnsWbGA=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitfield v1.1.0/go.mod h1:paqf1wjq/D2BBmzfTVFlJQ9IlFOZpg422HL0HqsGWHU=
 github.com/ipfs/go-block-format v0.1.2 h1:GAjkfhVx1f4YTODS6Esrj1wt2HhrtwTnhEr+DyPUaJo=
@@ -546,7 +548,12 @@ github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p v0.30.0 h1:9EZwFtJPFBcs/yJTnP90TpN1hgrT/EsFfM+OZuwV8
 github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p v0.30.0/go.mod h1:nr2g5V7lfftwgiJ78/HrID+pwvayLyqKCEirT2Y3Byg=
 github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-asn-util v0.3.0 h1:gMDcMyYiZKkocGXDQ5nsUQyquC9+H+iLEQHwOCZ7s8s=
 github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-asn-util v0.3.0/go.mod h1:B1mcOrKUE35Xq/ASTmQ4tN3LNzVVaMNmq2NACuqyB9w=
+github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-kad-dht v0.24.2 h1:zd7myKBKCmtZBhI3I0zm8xBkb28v3gmSEtQfBdAdFwc=
+github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-kad-dht v0.24.2/go.mod h1:BShPzRbK6+fN3hk8a0WGAYKpb8m4k+DtchkqouGTrSg=
+github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-kbucket v0.6.3 h1:p507271wWzpy2f1XxPzCQG9NiN6R6lHL9GiSErbQQo0=
+github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-kbucket v0.6.3/go.mod h1:RCseT7AH6eJWxxk2ol03xtP9pEHetYSPXOaJnOiD8i0=
 github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-record v0.2.0 h1:oiNUOCWno2BFuxt3my4i1frNrt7PerzB3queqa1NkQ0=
+github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-record v0.2.0/go.mod h1:I+3zMkvvg5m2OcSdoL0KPljyJyvNDFGKX7QdlpYUcwk=
 github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-testing v0.12.0 h1:EPvBb4kKMWO29qP4mZGyhVzUyR25dvfUIK5WDu6iPUA=
 github.com/libp2p/go-msgio v0.3.0 h1:mf3Z8B1xcFN314sWX+2vOTShIE0Mmn2TXn3YCUQGNj0=
 github.com/libp2p/go-msgio v0.3.0/go.mod h1:nyRM819GmVaF9LX3l03RMh10QdOroF++NBbxAb0mmDM=
@@ -848,6 +855,7 @@ github.com/stretchr/testify v1.6.1/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.1/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.0/go.mod h1:yNjHg4UonilssWZ8iaSj1OCr/vHnekPRkoO+kdMU+MU=
+github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.1/go.mod h1:w2LPCIKwWwSfY2zedu0+kehJoqGctiVI29o6fzry7u4=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.2/go.mod h1:w2LPCIKwWwSfY2zedu0+kehJoqGctiVI29o6fzry7u4=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4 h1:CcVxjf3Q8PM0mHUKJCdn+eZZtm5yQwehR5yeSVQQcUk=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4/go.mod h1:sz/lmYIOXD/1dqDmKjjqLyZ2RngseejIcXlSw2iwfAo=
@@ -887,9 +895,13 @@ github.com/viant/toolbox v0.24.0/go.mod h1:OxMCG57V0PXuIP2HNQrtJf2CjqdmbrOx5EkMI
 github.com/warpfork/go-testmark v0.12.1 h1:rMgCpJfwy1sJ50x0M0NgyphxYYPMOODIJHhsXyEHU0s=
 github.com/warpfork/go-wish v0.0.0-20220906213052-39a1cc7a02d0 h1:GDDkbFiaK8jsSDJfjId/PEGEShv6ugrt4kYsC5UIDaQ=
 github.com/warpfork/go-wish v0.0.0-20220906213052-39a1cc7a02d0/go.mod h1:x6AKhvSSexNrVSrViXSHUEbICjmGXhtgABaHIySUSGw=
+github.com/whyrusleeping/base32 v0.0.0-20170828182744-c30ac30633cc h1:BCPnHtcboadS0DvysUuJXZ4lWVv5Bh5i7+tbIyi+ck4=
+github.com/whyrusleeping/base32 v0.0.0-20170828182744-c30ac30633cc/go.mod h1:r45hJU7yEoA81k6MWNhpMj/kms0n14dkzkxYHoB96UM=
 github.com/whyrusleeping/cbor v0.0.0-20171005072247-63513f603b11 h1:5HZfQkwe0mIfyDmc1Em5GqlNRzcdtlv4HTNmdpt7XH0=
 github.com/whyrusleeping/cbor-gen v0.0.0-20230126041949-52956bd4c9aa h1:EyA027ZAkuaCLoxVX4r1TZMPy1d31fM6hbfQ4OU4I5o=
 github.com/whyrusleeping/chunker v0.0.0-20181014151217-fe64bd25879f h1:jQa4QT2UP9WYv2nzyawpKMOCl+Z/jW7djv2/J50lj9E=
+github.com/whyrusleeping/go-keyspace v0.0.0-20160322163242-5b898ac5add1 h1:EKhdznlJHPMoKr0XTrX+IlJs1LH3lyx2nfr1dOlZ79k=
+github.com/whyrusleeping/go-keyspace v0.0.0-20160322163242-5b898ac5add1/go.mod h1:8UvriyWtv5Q5EOgjHaSseUEdkQfvwFv1I/In/O2M9gc=
 github.com/xen0n/gosmopolitan v1.2.1 h1:3pttnTuFumELBRSh+KQs1zcz4fN6Zy7aB0xlnQSn1Iw=
 github.com/xen0n/gosmopolitan v1.2.1/go.mod h1:JsHq/Brs1o050OOdmzHeOr0N7OtlnKRAGAsElF8xBQA=
 github.com/yagipy/maintidx v1.0.0 h1:h5NvIsCz+nRDapQ0exNv4aJ0yXSI0420omVANTv3GJM=
@@ -915,6 +927,8 @@ go.opencensus.io v0.22.2/go.mod h1:yxeiOL68Rb0Xd1ddK5vPZ/oVn4vY4Ynel7k9FzqtOIw=
 go.opencensus.io v0.22.3/go.mod h1:yxeiOL68Rb0Xd1ddK5vPZ/oVn4vY4Ynel7k9FzqtOIw=
 go.opencensus.io v0.22.4/go.mod h1:yxeiOL68Rb0Xd1ddK5vPZ/oVn4vY4Ynel7k9FzqtOIw=
 go.opencensus.io v0.22.5/go.mod h1:5pWMHQbX5EPX2/62yrJeAkowc+lfs/XD7Uxpq3pI6kk=
+go.opencensus.io v0.24.0 h1:y73uSU6J157QMP2kn2r30vwW1A2W2WFwSCGnAVxeaD0=
+go.opencensus.io v0.24.0/go.mod h1:vNK8G9p7aAivkbmorf4v+7Hgx+Zs0yY+0fOtgBfjQKo=
 go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.16.0 h1:Z7GVAX/UkAXPKsy94IU+i6thsQS4nb7LviLpnaNeW8s=
 go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.16.0/go.mod h1:vl0h9NUa1D5s1nv3A5vZOYWn8av4K8Ml6JDeHrT/bx4=
 go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.16.0 h1:RbrpwVG1Hfv85LgnZ7+txXioPDoh6EdbZHo26Q3hqOo=
@@ -1045,6 +1059,7 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200707034311-ab3426394381/go.mod h1:/O7V0waA8r7cgGh81R
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200822124328-c89045814202/go.mod h1:/O7V0waA8r7cgGh81Ro3o1hOxt32SMVPicZroKQ2sZA=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201021035429-f5854403a974/go.mod h1:sp8m0HH+o8qH0wwXwYZr8TS3Oi6o0r6Gce1SSxlDquU=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201031054903-ff519b6c9102/go.mod h1:sp8m0HH+o8qH0wwXwYZr8TS3Oi6o0r6Gce1SSxlDquU=
+golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201110031124-69a78807bb2b/go.mod h1:sp8m0HH+o8qH0wwXwYZr8TS3Oi6o0r6Gce1SSxlDquU=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201209123823-ac852fbbde11/go.mod h1:m0MpNAwzfU5UDzcl9v0D8zg8gWTRqZa9RBIspLL5mdg=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201224014010-6772e930b67b/go.mod h1:m0MpNAwzfU5UDzcl9v0D8zg8gWTRqZa9RBIspLL5mdg=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210119194325-5f4716e94777/go.mod h1:m0MpNAwzfU5UDzcl9v0D8zg8gWTRqZa9RBIspLL5mdg=
@@ -1266,6 +1281,8 @@ golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8T
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20220907171357-04be3eba64a2 h1:H2TDz8ibqkAF6YGhCdN3jS9O0/s90v0rJh3X/OLHEUk=
+gonum.org/v1/gonum v0.13.0 h1:a0T3bh+7fhRyqeNbiC3qVHYmkiQgit3wnNan/2c0HMM=
+gonum.org/v1/gonum v0.13.0/go.mod h1:/WPYRckkfWrhWefxyYTfrTtQR0KH4iyHNuzxqXAKyAU=
 google.golang.org/api v0.0.0-20180910000450-7ca32eb868bf/go.mod h1:4mhQ8q/RsB7i+udVvVy5NUi08OU8ZlA0gRVgrF7VFY0=
 google.golang.org/api v0.0.0-20181030000543-1d582fd0359e/go.mod h1:4mhQ8q/RsB7i+udVvVy5NUi08OU8ZlA0gRVgrF7VFY0=
 google.golang.org/api v0.1.0/go.mod h1:UGEZY7KEX120AnNLIHFMKIo4obdJhkp2tPbaPlQx13Y=