The goal of this project is to create an API for a Banjar-Indonesian dictionary, providing users with the ability to translate words from Banjar to Indonesian.
Read this in other languages: Bahasa Indonesia.
One of the provinces on the island of Kalimantan is South Kalimantan (Kalsel). Almost the entire area of South Kalimantan is inhabited by Banjar people. The Banjar language (BB) serves as the lingua franca for the Banjar community and functions as their everyday communication tool.
The Banjar language is not only known in the South Kalimantan region but also in the coastal areas of Central Kalimantan (Kalteng) and East Kalimantan (Kaltim), and even in small parts of Sumatra, such as Muara Tungkal, Sapat, and Tambilahan.
The Banjar language has two dialects, namely Banjar Hulu Dialect and Banjar Kuala Dialect. Some phonemes and vocabulary in the Banjar Hulu Dialect (BBDH) bear similarities and resemblances to Indonesian (BI) despite their differing positions.
The similarity in phonemes and vocabulary between BBDH and BI, for example,
BI | BBDH | English |
---|---|---|
lambat |
lambat |
slow |
kayu |
kayu |
wood |
malam |
malam |
night |
makan |
makan |
eat |
The resemblance in phonemes and vocabulary between BBDH and BI, for example,
BI | BBDH | English |
---|---|---|
beri |
bari |
give |
hari |
ari |
day |
lubang |
luwang |
hole |
meja |
mija |
table |
Based on the observations above, both BBDH and BI recognize the vowels [a], [i], and [u]. Additionally, the similarity in expression leads to specific phonemes found in the vocabulary of BBDH and BI, for example, the meaning of hari
(day
) is written and pronounced as hari
in BI while in BBDH it is pronounced as ari
.
Apart from the points mentioned, there are differences between BBDH and BI as two distinct languages. For instance,
BI | BBDH | English |
---|---|---|
cantik |
bungas |
beautiful |
mampu |
kawa |
capable |
arah |
ampah |
direction |
luas |
ligar |
wide |
Most of the vocabulary found in BI is indeed not found in BBDH, and vice versa. Of course, the differences between BBDH and BI are countless, besides the similarities and resemblances that also cannot be ignored.
Entries in this dictionary are arranged alphabetically, starting from base words, words with affixes, repeated words, and phrases (word combinations). Syllable segmentation is based on the General Guidelines for Indonesian Spelling, Enhanced Edition. It includes some examples of word usage, as well as a brief explanation of the phonology and morphology of BBDH. Letters included in parentheses (...)
indicate that the letter is not used in BBDH writing. The alphabet is as follows,
a
b
c
d
(e)
(f)
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n/ng-ny
(o)
p
(q)
r
s
t
u
(v)
w
y
(z)
Number Types |
Phonetic Symbols |
Spelling | Examples of Use in Three Positions | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beginning | Middle | End | |||
Vowel | |||||
1 | [a] | a | abut `ribut` | baang `azan` | tatamba `obat` |
2 | [i] | i | isuk `besok` | kipit `sempit` | jariji `jemari` |
3 | [u] | u | umpat `ikut` | juhut `tarik` | sangu `bekal` |
Diphthong Vowels | |||||
4 | [au] | aw | - | - | silau `silau` |
5 | [ai] | ay | - | saitan `setan` | wadai `kue` |
6 | [ui] | uy | - | - | rupui `keropos` |
Consonant | |||||
7 | [p] | p | payu `laku` | supan `malu` | sumap `kukus` |
8 | [b] | b | balu `janda` | hupan `uban` | - |
9 | [t] | t | talu `tiga` | matan `dari` | kipit `sempit` |
10 | [d] | d | dawa `tuduh` | padu `dapur` | - |
11 | [c] | c | caluk `rogoh` | pacang `bakal` | - |
12 | [j] | j | jangkau `raih` | jajak `injak | - |
13 | [k] | k | katup `tutup` | lakas `cepat` | patak `kubur` |
14 | [g] | g | gampir `kembar` | aga `gagap` | - |
15 | [m] | m | muar `benci` | ampun `milik` | anum `muda` |
16 | [n] | n | nahap `mantap` | kanas `nanas` | karangan `pasir` |
17 | [ŋ] | ng | ngalih `susah` | tangguh `tebak` | lading `pisau` |
18 | [ɲ] | ny | nyiru `nyiru` | hanyar `baru` | - |
19 | [s] | s | surui `sisir` | rasuk `cocok` | batis `kaki` |
20 | [h] | h | halar `sayap` | muha `muka` | lapah `capek` |
21 | [l] | l | licak `becek` | talah `habis` | ganal `besar` |
22 | [r] | r | rumbis `bocor` | sarak `cerai` | kitar `geser` |
23 | [w] | w | wadah `tempat` | kawa `mampu` | - |
24 | [y] | y | yuta `juta` | uyah `garam` | - |
The term 'possessive form' here refers to the syllable structure in BBDH. The possessive form of base entries, affixes, or reduplication is as follows:
-
Base Entry
V
= Vokal (Vowel) |K
= Konsonan (Consonant)Having two syllables:
Arrangement Word VKV una 'sentuh' VKVK amun 'jika' KVKV saku 'mungkin' KVKVK tagal 'tetapi' KVKKVK limbui 'kuyup' Having three syllables:
Arrangement Word KVKVKV wahini 'sekarang' KVKVKVK karukut 'cakar' KVKVKKV kalambu 'kelambu' KVKKVKV hintalu 'telur' KVKKVKVK tantaran 'jorang' KVKVKKVK karamput 'bohong' KVKKVKVK bungkalang 'keranjang buah' -
Affixes
The affix forms in BBDH consist of
KV-
, and-KVK
,-VK
,-V
,-VKVK
such as the prefixesma-
,ba-
,ta-
,sa-
,ka-
,pa-
, for example:Affix Base Word Affixed Word ma-
bari 'beri' mambari 'memberi' ba-
jariji 'jemari' bajariji 'berjemari' ta-
rumpak 'tabrak' tarumpak 'tertabrak' sa-
bujur 'benar' sabujurnya 'sebenarnya' ka-
handak 'pendek' kehandapan 'kependekan' pa-
uncit 'terakhir' pauncitnya 'paling terakhir' The prefix
ka-an
signifies superlative meaning, for example:Affix Base Word Affixed Word ka-an
handak 'ingin' kahandakan 'terlalu ingin' ta-
can attach to verbs, adjectives, and nouns, for exampleAffix Base Word Affixed Word ta-
pukul 'pukul' tapukul 'terpukul' ta-
bungas 'cantik' tabungas 'lebih cantik' ta-
unjun 'kail' taunjun 'terpancing' ta-
akal 'akal' taakal 'lebih berakal' pa-
+-nya
andpa-
+nasal
+-nya
both signify a superlative meaning, for exampleAffix Base Word Affixed Word pa-
+-nya
lambat 'lambat' palambatnya 'paling lambat' pa-
+-nya
pintar 'pintar' pamintarnya 'paling pintar' pa-
+-nya
dikit 'dikit' pandikitnya 'paling sedikit' pa-
+-nya
sabak 'berantakan' panyabaknya 'paling berantakan' pa-
+-nya
kurus 'kurus' pangurusnya 'paling kurus' and such as the suffixes:
-an
,-i
,-akan
, for exampleAffix Base Word Affixed Word -an
bulik 'pulang' bulikan 'pada pulang' -i
parak 'dekat' paraki 'dekati' -akan
surui 'sisir' suruiakan 'sisirkan' -
Reduplication
The reduplication form in BBDH takes the form of dwipurwa or the repetition of part or all of the initial syllable of a word, for example
Base Word Reduplication ranai 'diam' raranai 'diam-diam' handap 'pendek' hahandap 'pendek-pendek' In addition, there are some that must end with -an, thus having a plural meaning, for example
Base Word Reduplication umpat 'ikut' uumpatan 'ikut-ikutan' ingat 'ingat' iingatan 'yang diingat-ingat'
Abbreviation | Expansion |
---|---|
a | adjektiva |
n | nomina |
pro | pronomina |
adv | adverbia |
v | verba |
p | partikel |
This project is built using Go version 1.22.2, and it is expected to be developed using this specific version of Golang to ensure the desired outcome.
- Install project dependencies using the command
go mod download
. - Run the service using the command
go run .
orgo run main.go
.
Execute the following command to build the binary:
go build -ldflags "-s -w" -o ./out .
Then you can run the service using the command ./out
.
Returning a list of alphabet information.
The response will be returned an JSON. For example:
{
"code": 200,
"data": [
{
"letter": "a",
"total": 3
}
],
"message": "All alphabets successfully retrieved.",
"status": "success"
}
The response will be returned as JSON in case of an error. For example:
{
"code": 500,
"message": "Internal Server Error",
"status": "error"
}
Returning a list of Banjar words according to the given letter.
Name | Required | Type | Description |
---|---|---|---|
letter |
required | param | Alphabetic letter |
The response will be returned an JSON. For example:
{
"code": 200,
"data": {
"letter": "a",
"total": 3,
"words": [
"abadan",
"abah",
"abat"
]
},
"message": "All words with letter 'a' successfully retrieved.",
"status": "success"
}
The response will be returned as JSON in case of an error. For example:
{
"code": 400,
"message": "alphabet only has one character",
"status": "error"
}
Returning the definition and meaning according to the given Banjar word.
Name | Required | Type | Description |
---|---|---|---|
word |
required | param | Banjar word. |
The response will be returned an JSON. For example:
{
"code": 200,
"data": {
"word": "abah",
"alphabet": "a",
"meanings": [
{
"definitions": [
{
"definition": "ayah",
"partOfSpeech": "n"
},
{
"definition": "mertua laki-laki",
"partOfSpeech": "n"
}
]
}
],
"derivatives": [
{
"word": "baabah",
"syllables": "ba.a.bah",
"definitions": [
{
"definition": "berayah; menyebut ayah",
"partOfSpeech": "v",
"examples": [
{
"bjn": "inya kada baabah",
"id": "dia tidak berayah"
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
"message": "Definition of word 'abah' successfully retrieved.",
"status": "success"
}
The response will be returned as JSON in case of an error. For example:
{
"code": 404,
"message": "the word is not found",
"status": "error"
}
- Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, Pusat Bahasa, Balai Bahasa Banjarmasin. 2008. Kamus Bahasa Banjar Dialek Hulu-Indonesia. Banjarbaru.
- Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 1977. Kamus Banjar-Indonesia. Jakarta.
Kamus Banjar API is open-sourced software licensed under the MIT license.