Cosmopolitan v1.0

[jart]

Cosmopolitan Libc makes C a build-once run-anywhere language, like Java, except it doesn't need an interpreter or virtual machine. Instead, it reconfigures stock GCC and Clang to output a POSIX-approved polyglot format that runs natively on Linux + Mac + Windows + FreeBSD + OpenBSD + NetBSD + BIOS or UEFI with the best possible performance and the tiniest footprint imaginable.

Changes

• Productionize redbean web server bf03b2e af59806 01e6b3a e56a9d0 690be54 472b95f c029e83
• Make it possible for APE binaries to modify their own ZIP contents bf03b2e daa32d2 b918706 690be54
• Introduce OpenExecutable for restoring APE bf03b2e or alternatively ape-no-modify-self.o da8a08f
• Add SQLite to third party (thanks @ahgamut) sqlite-preprocessed-3350500 in third_party #162 221817e
• Add sendmsg and recvmsg (thanks @fabriziobertocci) Feature/sendmsg #148
• Added LaunchBrowser API to redbean (thanks @Rotario) Added OpenBrowser function, opens browser in Windows, GNU and XNU #153
• Wide character classification now supports UNICODE 1b5a571
• Add syslog (thanks @fabriziobertocci) Added implementation for syslog related functionality. #136
• Add strxfrm (thanks @ahgamut) Added strxfrm #160
• Add struct ip_mreq (thanks @fabriziobertocci) Added missing definition for struct ip_mreq #143
• Add MacOS toolchain instructions (thanks @d4tocchini) MacOS GCC + BinUtils toolchain how-to #163
• Add 14 missing system call prototypes (thanks @dosisod) Add missing syscalls #142
• Improve consts.sh magnums bf03b2e b107d27 1b5a571 690be54
  • Polyfill POSIX Advisory Locks 690be54
  • Add polyfills for SO_LINGER, SO_RCVTIMEO, and SO_SNDTIMEO 4864565
  • Polyfill TCP_CORK on BSD and XNU using TCP_NOPUSH magnums b107d27
• Fix stdio in cases where it overflows kernel tty buffer b107d27
• Improve backwards compatibility with GNU Make 1f2288b
• Fix GDB attach on crash w/ OpenBSD msyscall() bf03b2e
• Remove undefined behaviors b383817
• Add TUI paneling example 26ac687
• Add netcat clone b107d27 4864565
• Improve rusage accounting apis bf03b2e

Getting Started

If you're doing your development work on Linux or BSD then you need just five files to get started. Here's what you do on Linux:

wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-amalgamation-1.0.zip
unzip cosmopolitan-amalgamation-1.0.zip
printf 'main() { printf("hello world\\n"); }\n' >hello.c
gcc -g -Os -static -nostdlib -nostdinc -fno-pie -no-pie -mno-red-zone \
  -fno-omit-frame-pointer -pg -mnop-mcount \
  -o hello.com.dbg hello.c -fuse-ld=bfd -Wl,-T,ape.lds \
  -include cosmopolitan.h crt.o ape.o cosmopolitan.a
objcopy -S -O binary hello.com.dbg hello.com

You now have a portable program. Please note that your APE binary will assimilate itself as a conventional resident of your platform after the first run, so it can be fast and efficient for subsequent executions.

./hello.com
bash -c './hello.com'  # zsh/fish workaround (we upstreamed patches)

So if you intend to copy the binary to Windows or Mac then please do that before you run it, not after.

If you're developing on MacOS you can install the GNU compiler collection for x86_64-elf via homebrew:

brew install x86_64-elf-gcc

Then in the above scripts just replace gcc and objcopy with x86_64-elf-gcc and x86_64-elf-objcopy to compile your APE binary.

If you're developing on Windows then you need to download an x86_64-pc-linux-gnu toolchain beforehand. See the Compiling on Windows tutorial. It's needed because the ELF object format is what makes universal binaries possible.

Cosmopolitan can also be compiled from source on any Linux distro.

wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-1.0.tar.gz
tar xf cosmopolitan-1.0.tar.gz  # see releases page
cd cosmopolitan
make -j8  # should take ~30 seconds
o//examples/hello.com
o/third_party/lua/lua.com -e 'print(2 + 2)'
o/third_party/quickjs/qjs.com -e 'console.log(2+2)'
echo select 2 + 2 | o/third_party/sqlite3/sqlite3.com
printf 'GET /404.html\n\n' | o//examples/nc.com redbean.justine.lol 80
o//tool/viz/life.com

Contributing

We have automated Travis CI testing. Any pull request you send is going to get feedback in 2 minutes and 16 seconds. That's how long Travis CI takes to test this whole repository, which builds 14,507 objects, 68 libraries, and 461 static executables, 289 of which are test executables which are run too. On a real PC, building and testing everything from scratch takes 34 seconds instead of two minutes. If the hostnames freebsd, openbsd, netbsd, rhel7, rhel5, xnu, win7, and win10 can be ssh'd into, then make test -j8 takes 15 additional seconds to deploy and run all 300 test executables on those operating systems too. See CONTRIBUTING.md for further details.

Support Vector

Platform	Min Version	Circa
AMD	K8 Venus	2005
Intel	Core	2006
New Technology	Vista	2006
GNU/Systemd	2.6.18	2007
XNU's Not UNIX!	15.6	2018
FreeBSD	12	2018
OpenBSD	6.4	2018
NetBSD	9.1	2020
GNU Make	3.80	2010

---

This discussion was created from the release Cosmopolitan v1.0.

[timClicks]

Congratulations on a wonderful achievement. You've produced something that has eluded many others for decades @jart. Well done.

[Rotario]

Yeah absolutely, this is fantastic, congratulations!

[adokitkat]

Wonderful, cannot wait to test it out :)

[mahmoudimus]

This rocks! What a wonderful achievement! Congratulations on an incredible milestone 🎊🎉💥

[QAston]

This is absolutely amazing.