Project 5 --- Analyzing CIA Factbook Data Using SQL.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Introduction\n",
    "In this project, we'll work with data from the [CIA World Factbook](https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/), a compendium of statistics about all of the countries on Earth. The Factbook contains demographic information like the following:\n",
    "\n",
    "* `population` — the global population.\n",
    "* `population_growth` — the annual population growth rate, as a percentage.\n",
    "* `area` — the total land and water area.\n",
    "\n",
    "We'll use SQL in Jupyter Notebook to analyze data from this database."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Load in database"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "%%capture\n",
    "%load_ext sql\n",
    "%sql sqlite:///factbook.db"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Display tables in the database"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>type</th>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>tbl_name</th>\n",
       "            <th>rootpage</th>\n",
       "            <th>sql</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>table</td>\n",
       "            <td>sqlite_sequence</td>\n",
       "            <td>sqlite_sequence</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>table</td>\n",
       "            <td>facts</td>\n",
       "            <td>facts</td>\n",
       "            <td>47</td>\n",
       "            <td>CREATE TABLE &quot;facts&quot; (&quot;id&quot; INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL, &quot;code&quot; varchar(255) NOT NULL, &quot;name&quot; varchar(255) NOT NULL, &quot;area&quot; integer, &quot;area_land&quot; integer, &quot;area_water&quot; integer, &quot;population&quot; integer, &quot;population_growth&quot; float, &quot;birth_rate&quot; float, &quot;death_rate&quot; float, &quot;migration_rate&quot; float)</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[('table', 'sqlite_sequence', 'sqlite_sequence', 3, 'CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)'),\n",
       " ('table', 'facts', 'facts', 47, 'CREATE TABLE \"facts\" (\"id\" INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL, \"code\" varchar(255) NOT NULL, \"name\" varchar(255) NOT NULL, \"area\" integer, \"a ... (4 characters truncated) ... land\" integer, \"area_water\" integer, \"population\" integer, \"population_growth\" float, \"birth_rate\" float, \"death_rate\" float, \"migration_rate\" float)')]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT *\n",
    "  FROM sqlite_master\n",
    " WHERE type='table';"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Writing Queries\n",
    "\n",
    "Make sure the table is working for queries - let's write a quick test query!"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>id</th>\n",
       "            <th>code</th>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>area</th>\n",
       "            <th>area_land</th>\n",
       "            <th>area_water</th>\n",
       "            <th>population</th>\n",
       "            <th>population_growth</th>\n",
       "            <th>birth_rate</th>\n",
       "            <th>death_rate</th>\n",
       "            <th>migration_rate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>af</td>\n",
       "            <td>Afghanistan</td>\n",
       "            <td>652230</td>\n",
       "            <td>652230</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>32564342</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.32</td>\n",
       "            <td>38.57</td>\n",
       "            <td>13.89</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.51</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>al</td>\n",
       "            <td>Albania</td>\n",
       "            <td>28748</td>\n",
       "            <td>27398</td>\n",
       "            <td>1350</td>\n",
       "            <td>3029278</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.3</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.92</td>\n",
       "            <td>6.58</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.3</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>ag</td>\n",
       "            <td>Algeria</td>\n",
       "            <td>2381741</td>\n",
       "            <td>2381741</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>39542166</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.84</td>\n",
       "            <td>23.67</td>\n",
       "            <td>4.31</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.92</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>an</td>\n",
       "            <td>Andorra</td>\n",
       "            <td>468</td>\n",
       "            <td>468</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>85580</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.12</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.13</td>\n",
       "            <td>6.96</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.0</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>ao</td>\n",
       "            <td>Angola</td>\n",
       "            <td>1246700</td>\n",
       "            <td>1246700</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>19625353</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.78</td>\n",
       "            <td>38.78</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.49</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.46</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[(1, 'af', 'Afghanistan', 652230, 652230, 0, 32564342, 2.32, 38.57, 13.89, 1.51),\n",
       " (2, 'al', 'Albania', 28748, 27398, 1350, 3029278, 0.3, 12.92, 6.58, 3.3),\n",
       " (3, 'ag', 'Algeria', 2381741, 2381741, 0, 39542166, 1.84, 23.67, 4.31, 0.92),\n",
       " (4, 'an', 'Andorra', 468, 468, 0, 85580, 0.12, 8.13, 6.96, 0.0),\n",
       " (5, 'ao', 'Angola', 1246700, 1246700, 0, 19625353, 2.78, 38.78, 11.49, 0.46)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT *\n",
    "  FROM facts\n",
    " LIMIT 5;"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "It's working - yay!\n",
    "\n",
    "Here are the column names and what they mean:\n",
    "\n",
    "| Column name       | Column meaning                                                               |\n",
    "|:-------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n",
    "| name              | the name of the country.                                                     |\n",
    "| area              | the country's total area (both land and water).                              |\n",
    "| area_land         | the country's land area in square kilometers.                                |\n",
    "| area_water        | the country's waterarea in square kilometers.                                |\n",
    "| population        | the country's population.                                                    |\n",
    "| population_growth | the country's population growth as a percentage.                             |\n",
    "| birth_rate        | the country's birth rate, or the number of births per year per 1,000 people. |\n",
    "| death_rate        | the country's death rate, or the number of death per year per 1,000 people.  |\n",
    "\n",
    "Now, let's see if there are any outlier countries in the table. We'll use summary statistics in this query!"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>MIN(population)</th>\n",
       "            <th>MAX(population)</th>\n",
       "            <th>MIN(population_growth)</th>\n",
       "            <th>MAX(population_growth)</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>7256490011</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.0</td>\n",
       "            <td>4.02</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[(0, 7256490011, 0.0, 4.02)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT MIN(population), MAX(population), MIN(population_growth), MAX(population_growth)\n",
    "    FROM facts;"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "We see a few interesting things in the summary statistics on the previous cell output:\n",
    "* There's a country with a population of 0\n",
    "* There's a country with a population of 7256490011 (or more than 7.2 billion people)\n",
    "\n",
    "Let's use subqueries to zoom in on just these countries without using the specific values."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>id</th>\n",
       "            <th>code</th>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>area</th>\n",
       "            <th>area_land</th>\n",
       "            <th>area_water</th>\n",
       "            <th>population</th>\n",
       "            <th>population_growth</th>\n",
       "            <th>birth_rate</th>\n",
       "            <th>death_rate</th>\n",
       "            <th>migration_rate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>250</td>\n",
       "            <td>ay</td>\n",
       "            <td>Antarctica</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>280000</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[(250, 'ay', 'Antarctica', None, 280000, None, 0, None, None, None, None)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT *\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE population = (SELECT MIN(population) FROM facts);"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "It seems like the table contains a row for Antarctica, which explains the population of 0. This seems to match the [CIA Factbook page for Antarctica](https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ay.html)."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>id</th>\n",
       "            <th>code</th>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>area</th>\n",
       "            <th>area_land</th>\n",
       "            <th>area_water</th>\n",
       "            <th>population</th>\n",
       "            <th>population_growth</th>\n",
       "            <th>birth_rate</th>\n",
       "            <th>death_rate</th>\n",
       "            <th>migration_rate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>261</td>\n",
       "            <td>xx</td>\n",
       "            <td>World</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>7256490011</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.08</td>\n",
       "            <td>18.6</td>\n",
       "            <td>7.8</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[(261, 'xx', 'World', None, None, None, 7256490011, 1.08, 18.6, 7.8, None)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT *\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE population = (SELECT MAX(population) FROM facts);"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "It seems like the table contains a row for the whole world, which explains the population of over 7.2 billion. But now that we know this, we should recalculate the summary statistics we calculated earlier — this time excluding the row for the whole world.\n",
    "\n",
    "Let's recompute the summary statistics we found earlier while excluding the row for the whole world, including the following:\n",
    "\n",
    "* Minimum population\n",
    "* Maximum population\n",
    "* Minimum population growth\n",
    "* Maximum population growth"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>MIN(population)</th>\n",
       "            <th>MAX(population)</th>\n",
       "            <th>MIN(population_growth)</th>\n",
       "            <th>MAX(population_growth)</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1367485388</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.0</td>\n",
       "            <td>4.02</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[(0, 1367485388, 0.0, 4.02)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT MIN(population), MAX(population), MIN(population_growth), MAX(population_growth)\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE (name != \"World\");"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Let's also calculate the average value for the following columns:\n",
    "* population\n",
    "* area"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>ROUND(AVG(population),0)</th>\n",
       "            <th>ROUND(AVG(area), 0)</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>32242667.0</td>\n",
       "            <td>555094.0</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[(32242667.0, 555094.0)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT ROUND(AVG(population),0), ROUND(AVG(area), 0)\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE (name != \"World\");"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "To finish, we'll build on the query we wrote in the previous cells to find countries that are densely populated. We'll identify countries that have the following:\n",
    "\n",
    "* Above-average values for population.\n",
    "* Below-average values for area.\n",
    "\n",
    "Let's try to do this without hard-coding the values!"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>population</th>\n",
       "            <th>area</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bangladesh</td>\n",
       "            <td>168957745</td>\n",
       "            <td>148460</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Germany</td>\n",
       "            <td>80854408</td>\n",
       "            <td>357022</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Iraq</td>\n",
       "            <td>37056169</td>\n",
       "            <td>438317</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Italy</td>\n",
       "            <td>61855120</td>\n",
       "            <td>301340</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Japan</td>\n",
       "            <td>126919659</td>\n",
       "            <td>377915</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Korea, South</td>\n",
       "            <td>49115196</td>\n",
       "            <td>99720</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Morocco</td>\n",
       "            <td>33322699</td>\n",
       "            <td>446550</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Philippines</td>\n",
       "            <td>100998376</td>\n",
       "            <td>300000</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Poland</td>\n",
       "            <td>38562189</td>\n",
       "            <td>312685</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Spain</td>\n",
       "            <td>48146134</td>\n",
       "            <td>505370</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Thailand</td>\n",
       "            <td>67976405</td>\n",
       "            <td>513120</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Uganda</td>\n",
       "            <td>37101745</td>\n",
       "            <td>241038</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>United Kingdom</td>\n",
       "            <td>64088222</td>\n",
       "            <td>243610</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Vietnam</td>\n",
       "            <td>94348835</td>\n",
       "            <td>331210</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[('Bangladesh', 168957745, 148460),\n",
       " ('Germany', 80854408, 357022),\n",
       " ('Iraq', 37056169, 438317),\n",
       " ('Italy', 61855120, 301340),\n",
       " ('Japan', 126919659, 377915),\n",
       " ('Korea, South', 49115196, 99720),\n",
       " ('Morocco', 33322699, 446550),\n",
       " ('Philippines', 100998376, 300000),\n",
       " ('Poland', 38562189, 312685),\n",
       " ('Spain', 48146134, 505370),\n",
       " ('Thailand', 67976405, 513120),\n",
       " ('Uganda', 37101745, 241038),\n",
       " ('United Kingdom', 64088222, 243610),\n",
       " ('Vietnam', 94348835, 331210)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 53,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT name, population, area\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE (\n",
    "        (population > (SELECT AVG(population) FROM facts WHERE (name!=\"World\")))\n",
    "        AND\n",
    "        (area < (SELECT AVG(area) FROM facts WHERE (name!=\"World\")))\n",
    "    );"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### More questions to explore\n",
    "\n",
    "Let's go the extra mile and figure out queries for some other questions.\n",
    "* Which country has the most people?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>MAX(population)</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>China</td>\n",
       "            <td>1367485388</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[('China', 1367485388)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT name, MAX(population)\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE name!=\"World\";"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Which country has the highest growth rate?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>MAX(population_growth)</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>South Sudan</td>\n",
       "            <td>4.02</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[('South Sudan', 4.02)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT name, MAX(population_growth)\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE name!=\"World\";"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Which countries have the highest ratios of water to land?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>Ratio</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>British Indian Ocean Territory</td>\n",
       "            <td>905.6666666666666</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Virgin Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>4.520231213872832</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Puerto Rico</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.5547914317925592</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bahamas, The</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.3866133866133866</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guinea-Bissau</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.2846728307254623</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Malawi</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.25939625850340137</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Netherlands</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.22571032366565366</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Uganda</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.22292237442922375</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Eritrea</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.16435643564356436</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Liberia</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.15623961794019933</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bangladesh</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.1405085657217485</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Gambia, The</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.116600790513834</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Taiwan</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.1153130812151271</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Finland</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.11299639583299047</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>India</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.10563390940312317</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Canada</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.09799992456155804</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sweden</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.09738384490720996</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Colombia</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.09647636468662751</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Brunei</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.0949667616334283</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guyana</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.09205025171578214</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>French Polynesia</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.08884243532793311</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Nicaragua</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.08650720893407784</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Burundi</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.0837227414330218</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Iran</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.07612978626856316</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>United States</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.07255091319919764</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[('British Indian Ocean Territory', 905.6666666666666),\n",
       " ('Virgin Islands', 4.520231213872832),\n",
       " ('Puerto Rico', 0.5547914317925592),\n",
       " ('Bahamas, The', 0.3866133866133866),\n",
       " ('Guinea-Bissau', 0.2846728307254623),\n",
       " ('Malawi', 0.25939625850340137),\n",
       " ('Netherlands', 0.22571032366565366),\n",
       " ('Uganda', 0.22292237442922375),\n",
       " ('Eritrea', 0.16435643564356436),\n",
       " ('Liberia', 0.15623961794019933),\n",
       " ('Bangladesh', 0.1405085657217485),\n",
       " ('Gambia, The', 0.116600790513834),\n",
       " ('Taiwan', 0.1153130812151271),\n",
       " ('Finland', 0.11299639583299047),\n",
       " ('India', 0.10563390940312317),\n",
       " ('Canada', 0.09799992456155804),\n",
       " ('Sweden', 0.09738384490720996),\n",
       " ('Colombia', 0.09647636468662751),\n",
       " ('Brunei', 0.0949667616334283),\n",
       " ('Guyana', 0.09205025171578214),\n",
       " ('French Polynesia', 0.08884243532793311),\n",
       " ('Nicaragua', 0.08650720893407784),\n",
       " ('Burundi', 0.0837227414330218),\n",
       " ('Iran', 0.07612978626856316),\n",
       " ('United States', 0.07255091319919764)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 54,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT name, CAST(area_water AS Float) / CAST(area_land AS Float) AS Ratio\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE ((name!=\"World\" OR Ratio!=0.0) AND name!=\"World\")\n",
    "    GROUP BY name\n",
    "    ORDER BY Ratio DESC\n",
    "    LIMIT 25;"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Which countries have more water than land?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>area_water</th>\n",
       "            <th>area_land</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>British Indian Ocean Territory</td>\n",
       "            <td>54340</td>\n",
       "            <td>60</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Virgin Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>1564</td>\n",
       "            <td>346</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[('British Indian Ocean Territory', 54340, 60), ('Virgin Islands', 1564, 346)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 49,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT name, area_water, area_land\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE area_land<area_water AND name!=\"World\";"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Which countries will add the most people to their populations next year?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>population_growth</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>South Sudan</td>\n",
       "            <td>4.02</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Malawi</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.32</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Burundi</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.28</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Niger</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.25</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Uganda</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.24</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Qatar</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.07</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Burkina Faso</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.03</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mali</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.98</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cook Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.95</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Iraq</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.93</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ethiopia</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.89</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Zambia</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.88</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Western Sahara</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.82</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Gaza Strip</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.81</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Tanzania</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.79</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Angola</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.78</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Benin</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.78</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Togo</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.69</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guinea</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.63</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cameroon</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.59</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Madagascar</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.58</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>United Arab Emirates</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.58</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Rwanda</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.56</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Equatorial Guinea</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.51</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Liberia</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.47</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Yemen</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.47</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Congo, Democratic Republic of the</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.45</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mozambique</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.45</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Nigeria</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.45</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Senegal</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.45</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Timor-Leste</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.42</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bahrain</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.41</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sierra Leone</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.35</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Afghanistan</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.32</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>British Virgin Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.32</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Turks and Caicos Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.3</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Eritrea</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.25</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Libya</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.23</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mauritania</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.23</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Zimbabwe</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.21</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Djibouti</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.2</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ghana</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.18</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Northern Mariana Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.18</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Gambia, The</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.16</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Central African Republic</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.13</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Luxembourg</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.13</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cayman Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.1</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Oman</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.07</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Anguilla</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.03</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Solomon Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.02</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Congo, Republic of the</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.0</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Vanuatu</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.95</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>West Bank</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.95</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Gabon</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.93</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kenya</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.93</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cote d&#x27;Ivoire</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.91</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guinea-Bissau</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.91</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Chad</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.89</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Singapore</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.89</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Belize</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.87</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Algeria</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.84</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sao Tome and Principe</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.84</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Somalia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.83</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guatemala</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.82</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Egypt</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.79</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Nepal</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.79</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Papua New Guinea</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.78</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Comoros</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.77</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sudan</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.72</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Tajikistan</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.71</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Honduras</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.68</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Marshall Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.66</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Brunei</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.62</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kuwait</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.62</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Philippines</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.61</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bangladesh</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.6</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cambodia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.58</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bolivia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.56</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Israel</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.56</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Laos</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.55</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sint Maarten</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.51</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Pakistan</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.46</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saudi Arabia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.46</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Malaysia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.44</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cyprus</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.43</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Venezuela</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.39</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>New Caledonia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.38</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cabo Verde</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.36</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ecuador</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.35</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>South Africa</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.33</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Aruba</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.33</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Panama</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.32</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mongolia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.31</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Turkey</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.26</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ireland</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.25</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Antigua and Barbuda</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.24</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Dominican Republic</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.23</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Costa Rica</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.22</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>India</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.22</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Botswana</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.21</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Iceland</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.21</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Iran</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.2</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mexico</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.18</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Haiti</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.17</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Paraguay</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.16</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kiribati</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.15</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kazakhstan</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.14</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Turkmenistan</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.14</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Norway</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.13</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bhutan</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.11</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kyrgyzstan</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.11</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Swaziland</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.11</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Christmas Island</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.11</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Suriname</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.08</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saint Pierre and Miquelon</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.08</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Australia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.07</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Latvia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.06</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Colombia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.04</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Lithuania</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.04</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Moldova</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.03</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Burma</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.01</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Morocco</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.0</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Nicaragua</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.0</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[('South Sudan', 4.02),\n",
       " ('Malawi', 3.32),\n",
       " ('Burundi', 3.28),\n",
       " ('Niger', 3.25),\n",
       " ('Uganda', 3.24),\n",
       " ('Qatar', 3.07),\n",
       " ('Burkina Faso', 3.03),\n",
       " ('Mali', 2.98),\n",
       " ('Cook Islands', 2.95),\n",
       " ('Iraq', 2.93),\n",
       " ('Ethiopia', 2.89),\n",
       " ('Zambia', 2.88),\n",
       " ('Western Sahara', 2.82),\n",
       " ('Gaza Strip', 2.81),\n",
       " ('Tanzania', 2.79),\n",
       " ('Angola', 2.78),\n",
       " ('Benin', 2.78),\n",
       " ('Togo', 2.69),\n",
       " ('Guinea', 2.63),\n",
       " ('Cameroon', 2.59),\n",
       " ('Madagascar', 2.58),\n",
       " ('United Arab Emirates', 2.58),\n",
       " ('Rwanda', 2.56),\n",
       " ('Equatorial Guinea', 2.51),\n",
       " ('Liberia', 2.47),\n",
       " ('Yemen', 2.47),\n",
       " ('Congo, Democratic Republic of the', 2.45),\n",
       " ('Mozambique', 2.45),\n",
       " ('Nigeria', 2.45),\n",
       " ('Senegal', 2.45),\n",
       " ('Timor-Leste', 2.42),\n",
       " ('Bahrain', 2.41),\n",
       " ('Sierra Leone', 2.35),\n",
       " ('Afghanistan', 2.32),\n",
       " ('British Virgin Islands', 2.32),\n",
       " ('Turks and Caicos Islands', 2.3),\n",
       " ('Eritrea', 2.25),\n",
       " ('Libya', 2.23),\n",
       " ('Mauritania', 2.23),\n",
       " ('Zimbabwe', 2.21),\n",
       " ('Djibouti', 2.2),\n",
       " ('Ghana', 2.18),\n",
       " ('Northern Mariana Islands', 2.18),\n",
       " ('Gambia, The', 2.16),\n",
       " ('Central African Republic', 2.13),\n",
       " ('Luxembourg', 2.13),\n",
       " ('Cayman Islands', 2.1),\n",
       " ('Oman', 2.07),\n",
       " ('Anguilla', 2.03),\n",
       " ('Solomon Islands', 2.02),\n",
       " ('Congo, Republic of the', 2.0),\n",
       " ('Vanuatu', 1.95),\n",
       " ('West Bank', 1.95),\n",
       " ('Gabon', 1.93),\n",
       " ('Kenya', 1.93),\n",
       " (\"Cote d'Ivoire\", 1.91),\n",
       " ('Guinea-Bissau', 1.91),\n",
       " ('Chad', 1.89),\n",
       " ('Singapore', 1.89),\n",
       " ('Belize', 1.87),\n",
       " ('Algeria', 1.84),\n",
       " ('Sao Tome and Principe', 1.84),\n",
       " ('Somalia', 1.83),\n",
       " ('Guatemala', 1.82),\n",
       " ('Egypt', 1.79),\n",
       " ('Nepal', 1.79),\n",
       " ('Papua New Guinea', 1.78),\n",
       " ('Comoros', 1.77),\n",
       " ('Sudan', 1.72),\n",
       " ('Tajikistan', 1.71),\n",
       " ('Honduras', 1.68),\n",
       " ('Marshall Islands', 1.66),\n",
       " ('Brunei', 1.62),\n",
       " ('Kuwait', 1.62),\n",
       " ('Philippines', 1.61),\n",
       " ('Bangladesh', 1.6),\n",
       " ('Cambodia', 1.58),\n",
       " ('Bolivia', 1.56),\n",
       " ('Israel', 1.56),\n",
       " ('Laos', 1.55),\n",
       " ('Sint Maarten', 1.51),\n",
       " ('Pakistan', 1.46),\n",
       " ('Saudi Arabia', 1.46),\n",
       " ('Malaysia', 1.44),\n",
       " ('Cyprus', 1.43),\n",
       " ('Venezuela', 1.39),\n",
       " ('New Caledonia', 1.38),\n",
       " ('Cabo Verde', 1.36),\n",
       " ('Ecuador', 1.35),\n",
       " ('South Africa', 1.33),\n",
       " ('Aruba', 1.33),\n",
       " ('Panama', 1.32),\n",
       " ('Mongolia', 1.31),\n",
       " ('Turkey', 1.26),\n",
       " ('Ireland', 1.25),\n",
       " ('Antigua and Barbuda', 1.24),\n",
       " ('Dominican Republic', 1.23),\n",
       " ('Costa Rica', 1.22),\n",
       " ('India', 1.22),\n",
       " ('Botswana', 1.21),\n",
       " ('Iceland', 1.21),\n",
       " ('Iran', 1.2),\n",
       " ('Mexico', 1.18),\n",
       " ('Haiti', 1.17),\n",
       " ('Paraguay', 1.16),\n",
       " ('Kiribati', 1.15),\n",
       " ('Kazakhstan', 1.14),\n",
       " ('Turkmenistan', 1.14),\n",
       " ('Norway', 1.13),\n",
       " ('Bhutan', 1.11),\n",
       " ('Kyrgyzstan', 1.11),\n",
       " ('Swaziland', 1.11),\n",
       " ('Christmas Island', 1.11),\n",
       " ('Suriname', 1.08),\n",
       " ('Saint Pierre and Miquelon', 1.08),\n",
       " ('Australia', 1.07),\n",
       " ('Latvia', 1.06),\n",
       " ('Colombia', 1.04),\n",
       " ('Lithuania', 1.04),\n",
       " ('Moldova', 1.03),\n",
       " ('Burma', 1.01),\n",
       " ('Morocco', 1.0),\n",
       " ('Nicaragua', 1.0)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT name, population_growth\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE population_growth>=1  AND name!=\"World\"\n",
    "    ORDER BY population_growth DESC;"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Which countries have a higher death rate than birth rate?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>death_rate</th>\n",
       "            <th>birth_rate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ukraine</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.46</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.72</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bulgaria</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.44</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.92</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Latvia</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.31</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.0</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Lithuania</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.27</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.1</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Russia</td>\n",
       "            <td>13.69</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.6</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Serbia</td>\n",
       "            <td>13.66</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.08</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Belarus</td>\n",
       "            <td>13.36</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.7</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Hungary</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.73</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.16</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Moldova</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.59</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.0</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Estonia</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.4</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.51</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Croatia</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.18</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.45</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Romania</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.9</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.14</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Germany</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.42</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.47</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Slovenia</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.37</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.42</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Greece</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.09</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.66</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Portugal</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.02</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.27</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Czech Republic</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.34</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.63</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Italy</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.19</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.74</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Poland</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.19</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.74</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bosnia and Herzegovina</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.75</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.87</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saint Pierre and Miquelon</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.72</td>\n",
       "            <td>7.42</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Japan</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.51</td>\n",
       "            <td>7.93</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Austria</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.42</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.41</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Monaco</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.24</td>\n",
       "            <td>6.65</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[('Ukraine', 14.46, 10.72),\n",
       " ('Bulgaria', 14.44, 8.92),\n",
       " ('Latvia', 14.31, 10.0),\n",
       " ('Lithuania', 14.27, 10.1),\n",
       " ('Russia', 13.69, 11.6),\n",
       " ('Serbia', 13.66, 9.08),\n",
       " ('Belarus', 13.36, 10.7),\n",
       " ('Hungary', 12.73, 9.16),\n",
       " ('Moldova', 12.59, 12.0),\n",
       " ('Estonia', 12.4, 10.51),\n",
       " ('Croatia', 12.18, 9.45),\n",
       " ('Romania', 11.9, 9.14),\n",
       " ('Germany', 11.42, 8.47),\n",
       " ('Slovenia', 11.37, 8.42),\n",
       " ('Greece', 11.09, 8.66),\n",
       " ('Portugal', 11.02, 9.27),\n",
       " ('Czech Republic', 10.34, 9.63),\n",
       " ('Italy', 10.19, 8.74),\n",
       " ('Poland', 10.19, 9.74),\n",
       " ('Bosnia and Herzegovina', 9.75, 8.87),\n",
       " ('Saint Pierre and Miquelon', 9.72, 7.42),\n",
       " ('Japan', 9.51, 7.93),\n",
       " ('Austria', 9.42, 9.41),\n",
       " ('Monaco', 9.24, 6.65)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 47,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT name, death_rate, birth_rate\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE death_rate>birth_rate AND name!=\"World\"\n",
    "    ORDER BY death_rate DESC;"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Which countries have the highest population/area ratio, and how does it compare to list we found for densely-populated countries in a previous cell?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " * sqlite:///factbook.db\n",
      "Done.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>name</th>\n",
       "            <th>population</th>\n",
       "            <th>area</th>\n",
       "            <th>Ratio</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Macau</td>\n",
       "            <td>592731</td>\n",
       "            <td>28</td>\n",
       "            <td>21168.964285714286</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Monaco</td>\n",
       "            <td>30535</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>15267.5</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Singapore</td>\n",
       "            <td>5674472</td>\n",
       "            <td>697</td>\n",
       "            <td>8141.279770444763</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Hong Kong</td>\n",
       "            <td>7141106</td>\n",
       "            <td>1108</td>\n",
       "            <td>6445.041516245487</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Gaza Strip</td>\n",
       "            <td>1869055</td>\n",
       "            <td>360</td>\n",
       "            <td>5191.819444444444</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Gibraltar</td>\n",
       "            <td>29258</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>4876.333333333333</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bahrain</td>\n",
       "            <td>1346613</td>\n",
       "            <td>760</td>\n",
       "            <td>1771.8592105263158</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Maldives</td>\n",
       "            <td>393253</td>\n",
       "            <td>298</td>\n",
       "            <td>1319.6409395973155</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Malta</td>\n",
       "            <td>413965</td>\n",
       "            <td>316</td>\n",
       "            <td>1310.01582278481</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bermuda</td>\n",
       "            <td>70196</td>\n",
       "            <td>54</td>\n",
       "            <td>1299.9259259259259</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sint Maarten</td>\n",
       "            <td>39689</td>\n",
       "            <td>34</td>\n",
       "            <td>1167.3235294117646</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bangladesh</td>\n",
       "            <td>168957745</td>\n",
       "            <td>148460</td>\n",
       "            <td>1138.0691432035565</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guernsey</td>\n",
       "            <td>66080</td>\n",
       "            <td>78</td>\n",
       "            <td>847.1794871794872</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Jersey</td>\n",
       "            <td>97294</td>\n",
       "            <td>116</td>\n",
       "            <td>838.7413793103449</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Barbados</td>\n",
       "            <td>290604</td>\n",
       "            <td>430</td>\n",
       "            <td>675.8232558139534</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mauritius</td>\n",
       "            <td>1339827</td>\n",
       "            <td>2040</td>\n",
       "            <td>656.7779411764706</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Taiwan</td>\n",
       "            <td>23415126</td>\n",
       "            <td>35980</td>\n",
       "            <td>650.7817120622568</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Aruba</td>\n",
       "            <td>112162</td>\n",
       "            <td>180</td>\n",
       "            <td>623.1222222222223</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Lebanon</td>\n",
       "            <td>6184701</td>\n",
       "            <td>10400</td>\n",
       "            <td>594.6827884615385</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saint Martin</td>\n",
       "            <td>31754</td>\n",
       "            <td>54</td>\n",
       "            <td>588.0370370370371</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>San Marino</td>\n",
       "            <td>33020</td>\n",
       "            <td>61</td>\n",
       "            <td>541.311475409836</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Korea, South</td>\n",
       "            <td>49115196</td>\n",
       "            <td>99720</td>\n",
       "            <td>492.53104693140796</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Rwanda</td>\n",
       "            <td>12661733</td>\n",
       "            <td>26338</td>\n",
       "            <td>480.74010934771053</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>West Bank</td>\n",
       "            <td>2785366</td>\n",
       "            <td>5860</td>\n",
       "            <td>475.3184300341297</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Nauru</td>\n",
       "            <td>9540</td>\n",
       "            <td>21</td>\n",
       "            <td>454.2857142857143</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Tuvalu</td>\n",
       "            <td>10869</td>\n",
       "            <td>26</td>\n",
       "            <td>418.03846153846155</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Netherlands</td>\n",
       "            <td>16947904</td>\n",
       "            <td>41543</td>\n",
       "            <td>407.96052283176465</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Marshall Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>72191</td>\n",
       "            <td>181</td>\n",
       "            <td>398.8453038674033</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Israel</td>\n",
       "            <td>8049314</td>\n",
       "            <td>20770</td>\n",
       "            <td>387.5452094366875</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Burundi</td>\n",
       "            <td>10742276</td>\n",
       "            <td>27830</td>\n",
       "            <td>385.99626302551206</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>India</td>\n",
       "            <td>1251695584</td>\n",
       "            <td>3287263</td>\n",
       "            <td>380.7713541630226</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Belgium</td>\n",
       "            <td>11323973</td>\n",
       "            <td>30528</td>\n",
       "            <td>370.9372707023061</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Haiti</td>\n",
       "            <td>10110019</td>\n",
       "            <td>27750</td>\n",
       "            <td>364.325009009009</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Comoros</td>\n",
       "            <td>780971</td>\n",
       "            <td>2235</td>\n",
       "            <td>349.42774049217</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Philippines</td>\n",
       "            <td>100998376</td>\n",
       "            <td>300000</td>\n",
       "            <td>336.6612533333333</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sri Lanka</td>\n",
       "            <td>22053488</td>\n",
       "            <td>65610</td>\n",
       "            <td>336.12998018594726</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Japan</td>\n",
       "            <td>126919659</td>\n",
       "            <td>377915</td>\n",
       "            <td>335.8418136353413</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Curacao</td>\n",
       "            <td>148406</td>\n",
       "            <td>444</td>\n",
       "            <td>334.2477477477477</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Grenada</td>\n",
       "            <td>110694</td>\n",
       "            <td>344</td>\n",
       "            <td>321.7848837209302</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guam</td>\n",
       "            <td>161785</td>\n",
       "            <td>544</td>\n",
       "            <td>297.39889705882354</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>El Salvador</td>\n",
       "            <td>6141350</td>\n",
       "            <td>21041</td>\n",
       "            <td>291.8753861508483</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Vietnam</td>\n",
       "            <td>94348835</td>\n",
       "            <td>331210</td>\n",
       "            <td>284.8610700160019</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>American Samoa</td>\n",
       "            <td>54343</td>\n",
       "            <td>199</td>\n",
       "            <td>273.08040201005025</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Jamaica</td>\n",
       "            <td>2950210</td>\n",
       "            <td>10991</td>\n",
       "            <td>268.4205258848148</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saint Lucia</td>\n",
       "            <td>163922</td>\n",
       "            <td>616</td>\n",
       "            <td>266.10714285714283</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</td>\n",
       "            <td>102627</td>\n",
       "            <td>389</td>\n",
       "            <td>263.82262210796915</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>United Kingdom</td>\n",
       "            <td>64088222</td>\n",
       "            <td>243610</td>\n",
       "            <td>263.0771396904889</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Puerto Rico</td>\n",
       "            <td>3598357</td>\n",
       "            <td>13791</td>\n",
       "            <td>260.92067290261764</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Pakistan</td>\n",
       "            <td>199085847</td>\n",
       "            <td>796095</td>\n",
       "            <td>250.07800199724906</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Trinidad and Tobago</td>\n",
       "            <td>1222363</td>\n",
       "            <td>5128</td>\n",
       "            <td>238.3703198127925</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Liechtenstein</td>\n",
       "            <td>37624</td>\n",
       "            <td>160</td>\n",
       "            <td>235.15</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Germany</td>\n",
       "            <td>80854408</td>\n",
       "            <td>357022</td>\n",
       "            <td>226.4689795026637</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>British Virgin Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>33454</td>\n",
       "            <td>151</td>\n",
       "            <td>221.5496688741722</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Luxembourg</td>\n",
       "            <td>570252</td>\n",
       "            <td>2586</td>\n",
       "            <td>220.51508120649652</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Dominican Republic</td>\n",
       "            <td>10478756</td>\n",
       "            <td>48670</td>\n",
       "            <td>215.3021573864804</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Nepal</td>\n",
       "            <td>31551305</td>\n",
       "            <td>147181</td>\n",
       "            <td>214.3707747603291</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cayman Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>56092</td>\n",
       "            <td>264</td>\n",
       "            <td>212.46969696969697</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Antigua and Barbuda</td>\n",
       "            <td>92436</td>\n",
       "            <td>442</td>\n",
       "            <td>209.13122171945702</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Korea, North</td>\n",
       "            <td>24983205</td>\n",
       "            <td>120538</td>\n",
       "            <td>207.26414076888616</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Italy</td>\n",
       "            <td>61855120</td>\n",
       "            <td>301340</td>\n",
       "            <td>205.26687462666754</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Seychelles</td>\n",
       "            <td>92430</td>\n",
       "            <td>455</td>\n",
       "            <td>203.14285714285714</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sao Tome and Principe</td>\n",
       "            <td>194006</td>\n",
       "            <td>964</td>\n",
       "            <td>201.25103734439833</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saint Kitts and Nevis</td>\n",
       "            <td>51936</td>\n",
       "            <td>261</td>\n",
       "            <td>198.98850574712642</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Switzerland</td>\n",
       "            <td>8121830</td>\n",
       "            <td>41277</td>\n",
       "            <td>196.76405746541658</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Nigeria</td>\n",
       "            <td>181562056</td>\n",
       "            <td>923768</td>\n",
       "            <td>196.5450805830035</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Qatar</td>\n",
       "            <td>2194817</td>\n",
       "            <td>11586</td>\n",
       "            <td>189.43699292249266</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Andorra</td>\n",
       "            <td>85580</td>\n",
       "            <td>468</td>\n",
       "            <td>182.86324786324786</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Anguilla</td>\n",
       "            <td>16418</td>\n",
       "            <td>91</td>\n",
       "            <td>180.41758241758242</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Gambia, The</td>\n",
       "            <td>1967709</td>\n",
       "            <td>11300</td>\n",
       "            <td>174.13353982300885</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kosovo</td>\n",
       "            <td>1870981</td>\n",
       "            <td>10887</td>\n",
       "            <td>171.8545972260494</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kuwait</td>\n",
       "            <td>2788534</td>\n",
       "            <td>17818</td>\n",
       "            <td>156.50095409136827</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Uganda</td>\n",
       "            <td>37101745</td>\n",
       "            <td>241038</td>\n",
       "            <td>153.92487906471177</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Isle of Man</td>\n",
       "            <td>87545</td>\n",
       "            <td>572</td>\n",
       "            <td>153.0506993006993</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Malawi</td>\n",
       "            <td>17964697</td>\n",
       "            <td>118484</td>\n",
       "            <td>151.62129063839842</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Micronesia, Federated States of</td>\n",
       "            <td>105216</td>\n",
       "            <td>702</td>\n",
       "            <td>149.8803418803419</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Tonga</td>\n",
       "            <td>106501</td>\n",
       "            <td>747</td>\n",
       "            <td>142.57161981258366</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>China</td>\n",
       "            <td>1367485388</td>\n",
       "            <td>9596960</td>\n",
       "            <td>142.4915168970174</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guatemala</td>\n",
       "            <td>14918999</td>\n",
       "            <td>108889</td>\n",
       "            <td>137.01107549890256</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cabo Verde</td>\n",
       "            <td>545993</td>\n",
       "            <td>4033</td>\n",
       "            <td>135.3813538308951</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Czech Republic</td>\n",
       "            <td>10644842</td>\n",
       "            <td>78867</td>\n",
       "            <td>134.97206689743493</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Indonesia</td>\n",
       "            <td>255993674</td>\n",
       "            <td>1904569</td>\n",
       "            <td>134.41029125224657</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Togo</td>\n",
       "            <td>7552318</td>\n",
       "            <td>56785</td>\n",
       "            <td>132.99846790525666</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Thailand</td>\n",
       "            <td>67976405</td>\n",
       "            <td>513120</td>\n",
       "            <td>132.47662340193327</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kiribati</td>\n",
       "            <td>105711</td>\n",
       "            <td>811</td>\n",
       "            <td>130.34648581997533</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Denmark</td>\n",
       "            <td>5581503</td>\n",
       "            <td>43094</td>\n",
       "            <td>129.51926022184063</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cyprus</td>\n",
       "            <td>1189197</td>\n",
       "            <td>9251</td>\n",
       "            <td>128.54794076316074</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Akrotiri</td>\n",
       "            <td>15700</td>\n",
       "            <td>123</td>\n",
       "            <td>127.64227642276423</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Poland</td>\n",
       "            <td>38562189</td>\n",
       "            <td>312685</td>\n",
       "            <td>123.3259958104802</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Dhekelia</td>\n",
       "            <td>15700</td>\n",
       "            <td>130</td>\n",
       "            <td>120.76923076923077</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>European Union</td>\n",
       "            <td>513949445</td>\n",
       "            <td>4324782</td>\n",
       "            <td>118.83823161491145</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Portugal</td>\n",
       "            <td>10825309</td>\n",
       "            <td>92090</td>\n",
       "            <td>117.5514062330329</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Azerbaijan</td>\n",
       "            <td>9780780</td>\n",
       "            <td>86600</td>\n",
       "            <td>112.94203233256351</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Northern Mariana Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>52344</td>\n",
       "            <td>464</td>\n",
       "            <td>112.8103448275862</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Tokelau</td>\n",
       "            <td>1337</td>\n",
       "            <td>12</td>\n",
       "            <td>111.41666666666667</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Slovakia</td>\n",
       "            <td>5445027</td>\n",
       "            <td>49035</td>\n",
       "            <td>111.04368308351178</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ghana</td>\n",
       "            <td>26327649</td>\n",
       "            <td>238533</td>\n",
       "            <td>110.37319364616216</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Wallis and Futuna</td>\n",
       "            <td>15613</td>\n",
       "            <td>142</td>\n",
       "            <td>109.95070422535211</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Hungary</td>\n",
       "            <td>9897541</td>\n",
       "            <td>93028</td>\n",
       "            <td>106.3931396998753</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Albania</td>\n",
       "            <td>3029278</td>\n",
       "            <td>28748</td>\n",
       "            <td>105.37352163628775</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Moldova</td>\n",
       "            <td>3546847</td>\n",
       "            <td>33851</td>\n",
       "            <td>104.77820448435793</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>France</td>\n",
       "            <td>66553766</td>\n",
       "            <td>643801</td>\n",
       "            <td>103.37630106197412</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Austria</td>\n",
       "            <td>8665550</td>\n",
       "            <td>83871</td>\n",
       "            <td>103.31997949231558</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Armenia</td>\n",
       "            <td>3056382</td>\n",
       "            <td>29743</td>\n",
       "            <td>102.75970816662745</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Turkey</td>\n",
       "            <td>79414269</td>\n",
       "            <td>783562</td>\n",
       "            <td>101.35033220089795</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cuba</td>\n",
       "            <td>11031433</td>\n",
       "            <td>110860</td>\n",
       "            <td>99.50778459318059</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Dominica</td>\n",
       "            <td>73607</td>\n",
       "            <td>751</td>\n",
       "            <td>98.01198402130493</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Slovenia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1983412</td>\n",
       "            <td>20273</td>\n",
       "            <td>97.8351501997731</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Spain</td>\n",
       "            <td>48146134</td>\n",
       "            <td>505370</td>\n",
       "            <td>95.26907810119319</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Costa Rica</td>\n",
       "            <td>4814144</td>\n",
       "            <td>51100</td>\n",
       "            <td>94.21025440313112</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Benin</td>\n",
       "            <td>10448647</td>\n",
       "            <td>112622</td>\n",
       "            <td>92.77625153167232</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Serbia</td>\n",
       "            <td>7176794</td>\n",
       "            <td>77474</td>\n",
       "            <td>92.63487105351473</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Malaysia</td>\n",
       "            <td>30513848</td>\n",
       "            <td>329847</td>\n",
       "            <td>92.50909664177634</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Syria</td>\n",
       "            <td>17064854</td>\n",
       "            <td>185180</td>\n",
       "            <td>92.1527918781726</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Romania</td>\n",
       "            <td>21666350</td>\n",
       "            <td>238391</td>\n",
       "            <td>90.88577169440121</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Jordan</td>\n",
       "            <td>8117564</td>\n",
       "            <td>89342</td>\n",
       "            <td>90.85943900964831</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ethiopia</td>\n",
       "            <td>99465819</td>\n",
       "            <td>1104300</td>\n",
       "            <td>90.0713746264602</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Egypt</td>\n",
       "            <td>88487396</td>\n",
       "            <td>1001450</td>\n",
       "            <td>88.3592750511758</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cambodia</td>\n",
       "            <td>15708756</td>\n",
       "            <td>181035</td>\n",
       "            <td>86.77192808020548</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Iraq</td>\n",
       "            <td>37056169</td>\n",
       "            <td>438317</td>\n",
       "            <td>84.5419388250969</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Burma</td>\n",
       "            <td>56320206</td>\n",
       "            <td>676578</td>\n",
       "            <td>83.24273919636761</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Timor-Leste</td>\n",
       "            <td>1231116</td>\n",
       "            <td>14874</td>\n",
       "            <td>82.76966518757564</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Swaziland</td>\n",
       "            <td>1435613</td>\n",
       "            <td>17364</td>\n",
       "            <td>82.67755125547109</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sierra Leone</td>\n",
       "            <td>5879098</td>\n",
       "            <td>71740</td>\n",
       "            <td>81.9500696961249</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Greece</td>\n",
       "            <td>10775643</td>\n",
       "            <td>131957</td>\n",
       "            <td>81.66026053941815</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Macedonia</td>\n",
       "            <td>2096015</td>\n",
       "            <td>25713</td>\n",
       "            <td>81.51577023295609</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kenya</td>\n",
       "            <td>45925301</td>\n",
       "            <td>580367</td>\n",
       "            <td>79.1314823206695</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Croatia</td>\n",
       "            <td>4464844</td>\n",
       "            <td>56594</td>\n",
       "            <td>78.89253277732622</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Honduras</td>\n",
       "            <td>8746673</td>\n",
       "            <td>112090</td>\n",
       "            <td>78.03258988312963</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bosnia and Herzegovina</td>\n",
       "            <td>3867055</td>\n",
       "            <td>51197</td>\n",
       "            <td>75.53284372131179</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Morocco</td>\n",
       "            <td>33322699</td>\n",
       "            <td>446550</td>\n",
       "            <td>74.6225484268279</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Brunei</td>\n",
       "            <td>429646</td>\n",
       "            <td>5765</td>\n",
       "            <td>74.5266261925412</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ukraine</td>\n",
       "            <td>44429471</td>\n",
       "            <td>603550</td>\n",
       "            <td>73.61357136939773</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cote d&#x27;Ivoire</td>\n",
       "            <td>23295302</td>\n",
       "            <td>322463</td>\n",
       "            <td>72.2417827781792</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Senegal</td>\n",
       "            <td>13975834</td>\n",
       "            <td>196722</td>\n",
       "            <td>71.0435741808237</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Georgia</td>\n",
       "            <td>4931226</td>\n",
       "            <td>69700</td>\n",
       "            <td>70.74929698708752</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Samoa</td>\n",
       "            <td>197773</td>\n",
       "            <td>2831</td>\n",
       "            <td>69.8597668668315</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ireland</td>\n",
       "            <td>4892305</td>\n",
       "            <td>70273</td>\n",
       "            <td>69.61855904828312</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>United Arab Emirates</td>\n",
       "            <td>5779760</td>\n",
       "            <td>83600</td>\n",
       "            <td>69.13588516746411</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Burkina Faso</td>\n",
       "            <td>18931686</td>\n",
       "            <td>274200</td>\n",
       "            <td>69.04334792122539</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>French Polynesia</td>\n",
       "            <td>282703</td>\n",
       "            <td>4167</td>\n",
       "            <td>67.84329253659708</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Tunisia</td>\n",
       "            <td>11037225</td>\n",
       "            <td>163610</td>\n",
       "            <td>67.46057698184707</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Uzbekistan</td>\n",
       "            <td>29199942</td>\n",
       "            <td>447400</td>\n",
       "            <td>65.26585158694681</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bulgaria</td>\n",
       "            <td>7186893</td>\n",
       "            <td>110879</td>\n",
       "            <td>64.81744063348334</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Lesotho</td>\n",
       "            <td>1947701</td>\n",
       "            <td>30355</td>\n",
       "            <td>64.16409158293527</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mexico</td>\n",
       "            <td>121736809</td>\n",
       "            <td>1964375</td>\n",
       "            <td>61.972285841552655</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Norfolk Island</td>\n",
       "            <td>2210</td>\n",
       "            <td>36</td>\n",
       "            <td>61.388888888888886</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Tajikistan</td>\n",
       "            <td>8191958</td>\n",
       "            <td>144100</td>\n",
       "            <td>56.84911866759195</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ecuador</td>\n",
       "            <td>15868396</td>\n",
       "            <td>283561</td>\n",
       "            <td>55.96113710982822</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Eritrea</td>\n",
       "            <td>6527689</td>\n",
       "            <td>117600</td>\n",
       "            <td>55.507559523809526</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Virgin Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>103574</td>\n",
       "            <td>1910</td>\n",
       "            <td>54.227225130890055</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Tanzania</td>\n",
       "            <td>51045882</td>\n",
       "            <td>947300</td>\n",
       "            <td>53.88565607516098</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Turks and Caicos Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>50280</td>\n",
       "            <td>948</td>\n",
       "            <td>53.037974683544306</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Montserrat</td>\n",
       "            <td>5241</td>\n",
       "            <td>102</td>\n",
       "            <td>51.38235294117647</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Yemen</td>\n",
       "            <td>26737317</td>\n",
       "            <td>527968</td>\n",
       "            <td>50.64192716225226</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cameroon</td>\n",
       "            <td>23739218</td>\n",
       "            <td>475440</td>\n",
       "            <td>49.93104913343429</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Afghanistan</td>\n",
       "            <td>32564342</td>\n",
       "            <td>652230</td>\n",
       "            <td>49.92769728470018</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Fiji</td>\n",
       "            <td>909389</td>\n",
       "            <td>18274</td>\n",
       "            <td>49.764091058334245</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Iran</td>\n",
       "            <td>81824270</td>\n",
       "            <td>1648195</td>\n",
       "            <td>49.64477504178814</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Panama</td>\n",
       "            <td>3657024</td>\n",
       "            <td>75420</td>\n",
       "            <td>48.48878281622912</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guinea</td>\n",
       "            <td>11780162</td>\n",
       "            <td>245857</td>\n",
       "            <td>47.91469024676946</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guinea-Bissau</td>\n",
       "            <td>1726170</td>\n",
       "            <td>36125</td>\n",
       "            <td>47.78325259515571</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Montenegro</td>\n",
       "            <td>647073</td>\n",
       "            <td>13812</td>\n",
       "            <td>46.84860990443093</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Palau</td>\n",
       "            <td>21265</td>\n",
       "            <td>459</td>\n",
       "            <td>46.328976034858385</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Belarus</td>\n",
       "            <td>9589689</td>\n",
       "            <td>207600</td>\n",
       "            <td>46.193106936416186</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Nicaragua</td>\n",
       "            <td>5907881</td>\n",
       "            <td>130370</td>\n",
       "            <td>45.31626140983355</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Lithuania</td>\n",
       "            <td>2884433</td>\n",
       "            <td>65300</td>\n",
       "            <td>44.172021439509955</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>South Africa</td>\n",
       "            <td>53675563</td>\n",
       "            <td>1219090</td>\n",
       "            <td>44.02920457062235</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cocos (Keeling) Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>596</td>\n",
       "            <td>14</td>\n",
       "            <td>42.57142857142857</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Cook Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>9838</td>\n",
       "            <td>236</td>\n",
       "            <td>41.686440677966104</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Colombia</td>\n",
       "            <td>46736728</td>\n",
       "            <td>1138910</td>\n",
       "            <td>41.036366350282286</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Madagascar</td>\n",
       "            <td>23812681</td>\n",
       "            <td>587041</td>\n",
       "            <td>40.56391461584455</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Liberia</td>\n",
       "            <td>4195666</td>\n",
       "            <td>111369</td>\n",
       "            <td>37.6735536819043</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Zimbabwe</td>\n",
       "            <td>14229541</td>\n",
       "            <td>390757</td>\n",
       "            <td>36.41531949523617</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Faroe Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>50196</td>\n",
       "            <td>1393</td>\n",
       "            <td>36.034458004307254</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Djibouti</td>\n",
       "            <td>828324</td>\n",
       "            <td>23200</td>\n",
       "            <td>35.703620689655175</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Congo, Democratic Republic of the</td>\n",
       "            <td>79375136</td>\n",
       "            <td>2344858</td>\n",
       "            <td>33.85072187740153</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>United States</td>\n",
       "            <td>321368864</td>\n",
       "            <td>9826675</td>\n",
       "            <td>32.70372369087204</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Venezuela</td>\n",
       "            <td>29275460</td>\n",
       "            <td>912050</td>\n",
       "            <td>32.09852530014802</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mozambique</td>\n",
       "            <td>25303113</td>\n",
       "            <td>799380</td>\n",
       "            <td>31.65342265255573</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Latvia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1986705</td>\n",
       "            <td>64589</td>\n",
       "            <td>30.759185000541887</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Laos</td>\n",
       "            <td>6911544</td>\n",
       "            <td>236800</td>\n",
       "            <td>29.187263513513514</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kyrgyzstan</td>\n",
       "            <td>5664939</td>\n",
       "            <td>199951</td>\n",
       "            <td>28.331636250881466</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Estonia</td>\n",
       "            <td>1265420</td>\n",
       "            <td>45228</td>\n",
       "            <td>27.978685769877067</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Equatorial Guinea</td>\n",
       "            <td>740743</td>\n",
       "            <td>28051</td>\n",
       "            <td>26.40700866279277</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha</td>\n",
       "            <td>7795</td>\n",
       "            <td>308</td>\n",
       "            <td>25.308441558441558</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Brazil</td>\n",
       "            <td>204259812</td>\n",
       "            <td>8515770</td>\n",
       "            <td>23.98606491250938</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Peru</td>\n",
       "            <td>30444999</td>\n",
       "            <td>1285216</td>\n",
       "            <td>23.688624324627146</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bahamas, The</td>\n",
       "            <td>324597</td>\n",
       "            <td>13880</td>\n",
       "            <td>23.385951008645534</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saint Pierre and Miquelon</td>\n",
       "            <td>5657</td>\n",
       "            <td>242</td>\n",
       "            <td>23.376033057851238</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Chile</td>\n",
       "            <td>17508260</td>\n",
       "            <td>756102</td>\n",
       "            <td>23.15594985861696</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Vanuatu</td>\n",
       "            <td>272264</td>\n",
       "            <td>12189</td>\n",
       "            <td>22.336861104274345</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sweden</td>\n",
       "            <td>9801616</td>\n",
       "            <td>450295</td>\n",
       "            <td>21.7670993459843</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Solomon Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>622469</td>\n",
       "            <td>28896</td>\n",
       "            <td>21.54170127353267</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Zambia</td>\n",
       "            <td>15066266</td>\n",
       "            <td>752618</td>\n",
       "            <td>20.01847683685482</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Sudan</td>\n",
       "            <td>36108853</td>\n",
       "            <td>1861484</td>\n",
       "            <td>19.397885235650698</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bhutan</td>\n",
       "            <td>741919</td>\n",
       "            <td>38394</td>\n",
       "            <td>19.3238266395791</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Uruguay</td>\n",
       "            <td>3341893</td>\n",
       "            <td>176215</td>\n",
       "            <td>18.96486110717022</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>South Sudan</td>\n",
       "            <td>12042910</td>\n",
       "            <td>644329</td>\n",
       "            <td>18.690622337346294</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Paraguay</td>\n",
       "            <td>6783272</td>\n",
       "            <td>406752</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.67667768074896</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Somalia</td>\n",
       "            <td>10616380</td>\n",
       "            <td>637657</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.649044862676956</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Algeria</td>\n",
       "            <td>39542166</td>\n",
       "            <td>2381741</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.602210735760103</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>New Zealand</td>\n",
       "            <td>4438393</td>\n",
       "            <td>267710</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.57910798998917</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Finland</td>\n",
       "            <td>5476922</td>\n",
       "            <td>338145</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.196962841384615</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Norway</td>\n",
       "            <td>5207689</td>\n",
       "            <td>323802</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.082942662491277</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Angola</td>\n",
       "            <td>19625353</td>\n",
       "            <td>1246700</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.741840859870058</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Argentina</td>\n",
       "            <td>43431886</td>\n",
       "            <td>2780400</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.620732988059272</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Belize</td>\n",
       "            <td>347369</td>\n",
       "            <td>22966</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.125359226682923</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>New Caledonia</td>\n",
       "            <td>271615</td>\n",
       "            <td>18575</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.622611036339165</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Papua New Guinea</td>\n",
       "            <td>6672429</td>\n",
       "            <td>462840</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.416275602800104</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Congo, Republic of the</td>\n",
       "            <td>4755097</td>\n",
       "            <td>342000</td>\n",
       "            <td>13.903792397660819</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mali</td>\n",
       "            <td>16955536</td>\n",
       "            <td>1240192</td>\n",
       "            <td>13.671702446072866</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saudi Arabia</td>\n",
       "            <td>27752316</td>\n",
       "            <td>2149690</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.909915383148268</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Christmas Island</td>\n",
       "            <td>1530</td>\n",
       "            <td>135</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.333333333333334</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Turkmenistan</td>\n",
       "            <td>5231422</td>\n",
       "            <td>488100</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.717930751895103</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Oman</td>\n",
       "            <td>3286936</td>\n",
       "            <td>309500</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.620148626817448</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bolivia</td>\n",
       "            <td>10800882</td>\n",
       "            <td>1098581</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.831666486130745</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Central African Republic</td>\n",
       "            <td>5391539</td>\n",
       "            <td>622984</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.654377961552784</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Russia</td>\n",
       "            <td>142423773</td>\n",
       "            <td>17098242</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.329731968935754</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Kazakhstan</td>\n",
       "            <td>18157122</td>\n",
       "            <td>2724900</td>\n",
       "            <td>6.6634085654519435</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Gabon</td>\n",
       "            <td>1705336</td>\n",
       "            <td>267667</td>\n",
       "            <td>6.371110372216224</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Niue</td>\n",
       "            <td>1190</td>\n",
       "            <td>260</td>\n",
       "            <td>4.576923076923077</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Botswana</td>\n",
       "            <td>2182719</td>\n",
       "            <td>581730</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.752116961476974</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Libya</td>\n",
       "            <td>6411776</td>\n",
       "            <td>1759540</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.644006956363595</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Suriname</td>\n",
       "            <td>579633</td>\n",
       "            <td>163820</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.5382309852276888</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Canada</td>\n",
       "            <td>35099836</td>\n",
       "            <td>9984670</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.515372666297434</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mauritania</td>\n",
       "            <td>3596702</td>\n",
       "            <td>1030700</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.4895721354419327</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Guyana</td>\n",
       "            <td>735222</td>\n",
       "            <td>214969</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.4201303443752353</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Iceland</td>\n",
       "            <td>331918</td>\n",
       "            <td>103000</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.222504854368932</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Australia</td>\n",
       "            <td>22751014</td>\n",
       "            <td>7741220</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.9389442490976876</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Namibia</td>\n",
       "            <td>2212307</td>\n",
       "            <td>824292</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.6838875058838374</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Western Sahara</td>\n",
       "            <td>570866</td>\n",
       "            <td>266000</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.146112781954887</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Mongolia</td>\n",
       "            <td>2992908</td>\n",
       "            <td>1564116</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.9134821202519505</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Pitcairn Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>48</td>\n",
       "            <td>47</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.0212765957446808</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)</td>\n",
       "            <td>3361</td>\n",
       "            <td>12173</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.2761028505709357</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Svalbard</td>\n",
       "            <td>1872</td>\n",
       "            <td>62045</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.030171649609154645</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Greenland</td>\n",
       "            <td>57733</td>\n",
       "            <td>2166086</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.026653143042335344</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Chad</td>\n",
       "            <td>11631456</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Niger</td>\n",
       "            <td>18045729</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Holy See (Vatican City)</td>\n",
       "            <td>842</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Ashmore and Cartier Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Coral Sea Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Heard Island and McDonald Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>412</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Clipperton Island</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>French Southern and Antarctic Lands</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Saint Barthelemy</td>\n",
       "            <td>7237</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bouvet Island</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>49</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Jan Mayen</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>377</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>British Indian Ocean Territory</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>54400</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>3903</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Navassa Island</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Wake Island</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Antarctica</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Paracel Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Spratly Islands</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Arctic Ocean</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Atlantic Ocean</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Indian Ocean</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Pacific Ocean</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Southern Ocean</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "[('Macau', 592731, 28, 21168.964285714286),\n",
       " ('Monaco', 30535, 2, 15267.5),\n",
       " ('Singapore', 5674472, 697, 8141.279770444763),\n",
       " ('Hong Kong', 7141106, 1108, 6445.041516245487),\n",
       " ('Gaza Strip', 1869055, 360, 5191.819444444444),\n",
       " ('Gibraltar', 29258, 6, 4876.333333333333),\n",
       " ('Bahrain', 1346613, 760, 1771.8592105263158),\n",
       " ('Maldives', 393253, 298, 1319.6409395973155),\n",
       " ('Malta', 413965, 316, 1310.01582278481),\n",
       " ('Bermuda', 70196, 54, 1299.9259259259259),\n",
       " ('Sint Maarten', 39689, 34, 1167.3235294117646),\n",
       " ('Bangladesh', 168957745, 148460, 1138.0691432035565),\n",
       " ('Guernsey', 66080, 78, 847.1794871794872),\n",
       " ('Jersey', 97294, 116, 838.7413793103449),\n",
       " ('Barbados', 290604, 430, 675.8232558139534),\n",
       " ('Mauritius', 1339827, 2040, 656.7779411764706),\n",
       " ('Taiwan', 23415126, 35980, 650.7817120622568),\n",
       " ('Aruba', 112162, 180, 623.1222222222223),\n",
       " ('Lebanon', 6184701, 10400, 594.6827884615385),\n",
       " ('Saint Martin', 31754, 54, 588.0370370370371),\n",
       " ('San Marino', 33020, 61, 541.311475409836),\n",
       " ('Korea, South', 49115196, 99720, 492.53104693140796),\n",
       " ('Rwanda', 12661733, 26338, 480.74010934771053),\n",
       " ('West Bank', 2785366, 5860, 475.3184300341297),\n",
       " ('Nauru', 9540, 21, 454.2857142857143),\n",
       " ('Tuvalu', 10869, 26, 418.03846153846155),\n",
       " ('Netherlands', 16947904, 41543, 407.96052283176465),\n",
       " ('Marshall Islands', 72191, 181, 398.8453038674033),\n",
       " ('Israel', 8049314, 20770, 387.5452094366875),\n",
       " ('Burundi', 10742276, 27830, 385.99626302551206),\n",
       " ('India', 1251695584, 3287263, 380.7713541630226),\n",
       " ('Belgium', 11323973, 30528, 370.9372707023061),\n",
       " ('Haiti', 10110019, 27750, 364.325009009009),\n",
       " ('Comoros', 780971, 2235, 349.42774049217),\n",
       " ('Philippines', 100998376, 300000, 336.6612533333333),\n",
       " ('Sri Lanka', 22053488, 65610, 336.12998018594726),\n",
       " ('Japan', 126919659, 377915, 335.8418136353413),\n",
       " ('Curacao', 148406, 444, 334.2477477477477),\n",
       " ('Grenada', 110694, 344, 321.7848837209302),\n",
       " ('Guam', 161785, 544, 297.39889705882354),\n",
       " ('El Salvador', 6141350, 21041, 291.8753861508483),\n",
       " ('Vietnam', 94348835, 331210, 284.8610700160019),\n",
       " ('American Samoa', 54343, 199, 273.08040201005025),\n",
       " ('Jamaica', 2950210, 10991, 268.4205258848148),\n",
       " ('Saint Lucia', 163922, 616, 266.10714285714283),\n",
       " ('Saint Vincent and the Grenadines', 102627, 389, 263.82262210796915),\n",
       " ('United Kingdom', 64088222, 243610, 263.0771396904889),\n",
       " ('Puerto Rico', 3598357, 13791, 260.92067290261764),\n",
       " ('Pakistan', 199085847, 796095, 250.07800199724906),\n",
       " ('Trinidad and Tobago', 1222363, 5128, 238.3703198127925),\n",
       " ('Liechtenstein', 37624, 160, 235.15),\n",
       " ('Germany', 80854408, 357022, 226.4689795026637),\n",
       " ('British Virgin Islands', 33454, 151, 221.5496688741722),\n",
       " ('Luxembourg', 570252, 2586, 220.51508120649652),\n",
       " ('Dominican Republic', 10478756, 48670, 215.3021573864804),\n",
       " ('Nepal', 31551305, 147181, 214.3707747603291),\n",
       " ('Cayman Islands', 56092, 264, 212.46969696969697),\n",
       " ('Antigua and Barbuda', 92436, 442, 209.13122171945702),\n",
       " ('Korea, North', 24983205, 120538, 207.26414076888616),\n",
       " ('Italy', 61855120, 301340, 205.26687462666754),\n",
       " ('Seychelles', 92430, 455, 203.14285714285714),\n",
       " ('Sao Tome and Principe', 194006, 964, 201.25103734439833),\n",
       " ('Saint Kitts and Nevis', 51936, 261, 198.98850574712642),\n",
       " ('Switzerland', 8121830, 41277, 196.76405746541658),\n",
       " ('Nigeria', 181562056, 923768, 196.5450805830035),\n",
       " ('Qatar', 2194817, 11586, 189.43699292249266),\n",
       " ('Andorra', 85580, 468, 182.86324786324786),\n",
       " ('Anguilla', 16418, 91, 180.41758241758242),\n",
       " ('Gambia, The', 1967709, 11300, 174.13353982300885),\n",
       " ('Kosovo', 1870981, 10887, 171.8545972260494),\n",
       " ('Kuwait', 2788534, 17818, 156.50095409136827),\n",
       " ('Uganda', 37101745, 241038, 153.92487906471177),\n",
       " ('Isle of Man', 87545, 572, 153.0506993006993),\n",
       " ('Malawi', 17964697, 118484, 151.62129063839842),\n",
       " ('Micronesia, Federated States of', 105216, 702, 149.8803418803419),\n",
       " ('Tonga', 106501, 747, 142.57161981258366),\n",
       " ('China', 1367485388, 9596960, 142.4915168970174),\n",
       " ('Guatemala', 14918999, 108889, 137.01107549890256),\n",
       " ('Cabo Verde', 545993, 4033, 135.3813538308951),\n",
       " ('Czech Republic', 10644842, 78867, 134.97206689743493),\n",
       " ('Indonesia', 255993674, 1904569, 134.41029125224657),\n",
       " ('Togo', 7552318, 56785, 132.99846790525666),\n",
       " ('Thailand', 67976405, 513120, 132.47662340193327),\n",
       " ('Kiribati', 105711, 811, 130.34648581997533),\n",
       " ('Denmark', 5581503, 43094, 129.51926022184063),\n",
       " ('Cyprus', 1189197, 9251, 128.54794076316074),\n",
       " ('Akrotiri', 15700, 123, 127.64227642276423),\n",
       " ('Poland', 38562189, 312685, 123.3259958104802),\n",
       " ('Dhekelia', 15700, 130, 120.76923076923077),\n",
       " ('European Union', 513949445, 4324782, 118.83823161491145),\n",
       " ('Portugal', 10825309, 92090, 117.5514062330329),\n",
       " ('Azerbaijan', 9780780, 86600, 112.94203233256351),\n",
       " ('Northern Mariana Islands', 52344, 464, 112.8103448275862),\n",
       " ('Tokelau', 1337, 12, 111.41666666666667),\n",
       " ('Slovakia', 5445027, 49035, 111.04368308351178),\n",
       " ('Ghana', 26327649, 238533, 110.37319364616216),\n",
       " ('Wallis and Futuna', 15613, 142, 109.95070422535211),\n",
       " ('Hungary', 9897541, 93028, 106.3931396998753),\n",
       " ('Albania', 3029278, 28748, 105.37352163628775),\n",
       " ('Moldova', 3546847, 33851, 104.77820448435793),\n",
       " ('France', 66553766, 643801, 103.37630106197412),\n",
       " ('Austria', 8665550, 83871, 103.31997949231558),\n",
       " ('Armenia', 3056382, 29743, 102.75970816662745),\n",
       " ('Turkey', 79414269, 783562, 101.35033220089795),\n",
       " ('Cuba', 11031433, 110860, 99.50778459318059),\n",
       " ('Dominica', 73607, 751, 98.01198402130493),\n",
       " ('Slovenia', 1983412, 20273, 97.8351501997731),\n",
       " ('Spain', 48146134, 505370, 95.26907810119319),\n",
       " ('Costa Rica', 4814144, 51100, 94.21025440313112),\n",
       " ('Benin', 10448647, 112622, 92.77625153167232),\n",
       " ('Serbia', 7176794, 77474, 92.63487105351473),\n",
       " ('Malaysia', 30513848, 329847, 92.50909664177634),\n",
       " ('Syria', 17064854, 185180, 92.1527918781726),\n",
       " ('Romania', 21666350, 238391, 90.88577169440121),\n",
       " ('Jordan', 8117564, 89342, 90.85943900964831),\n",
       " ('Ethiopia', 99465819, 1104300, 90.0713746264602),\n",
       " ('Egypt', 88487396, 1001450, 88.3592750511758),\n",
       " ('Cambodia', 15708756, 181035, 86.77192808020548),\n",
       " ('Iraq', 37056169, 438317, 84.5419388250969),\n",
       " ('Burma', 56320206, 676578, 83.24273919636761),\n",
       " ('Timor-Leste', 1231116, 14874, 82.76966518757564),\n",
       " ('Swaziland', 1435613, 17364, 82.67755125547109),\n",
       " ('Sierra Leone', 5879098, 71740, 81.9500696961249),\n",
       " ('Greece', 10775643, 131957, 81.66026053941815),\n",
       " ('Macedonia', 2096015, 25713, 81.51577023295609),\n",
       " ('Kenya', 45925301, 580367, 79.1314823206695),\n",
       " ('Croatia', 4464844, 56594, 78.89253277732622),\n",
       " ('Honduras', 8746673, 112090, 78.03258988312963),\n",
       " ('Bosnia and Herzegovina', 3867055, 51197, 75.53284372131179),\n",
       " ('Morocco', 33322699, 446550, 74.6225484268279),\n",
       " ('Brunei', 429646, 5765, 74.5266261925412),\n",
       " ('Ukraine', 44429471, 603550, 73.61357136939773),\n",
       " (\"Cote d'Ivoire\", 23295302, 322463, 72.2417827781792),\n",
       " ('Senegal', 13975834, 196722, 71.0435741808237),\n",
       " ('Georgia', 4931226, 69700, 70.74929698708752),\n",
       " ('Samoa', 197773, 2831, 69.8597668668315),\n",
       " ('Ireland', 4892305, 70273, 69.61855904828312),\n",
       " ('United Arab Emirates', 5779760, 83600, 69.13588516746411),\n",
       " ('Burkina Faso', 18931686, 274200, 69.04334792122539),\n",
       " ('French Polynesia', 282703, 4167, 67.84329253659708),\n",
       " ('Tunisia', 11037225, 163610, 67.46057698184707),\n",
       " ('Uzbekistan', 29199942, 447400, 65.26585158694681),\n",
       " ('Bulgaria', 7186893, 110879, 64.81744063348334),\n",
       " ('Lesotho', 1947701, 30355, 64.16409158293527),\n",
       " ('Mexico', 121736809, 1964375, 61.972285841552655),\n",
       " ('Norfolk Island', 2210, 36, 61.388888888888886),\n",
       " ('Tajikistan', 8191958, 144100, 56.84911866759195),\n",
       " ('Ecuador', 15868396, 283561, 55.96113710982822),\n",
       " ('Eritrea', 6527689, 117600, 55.507559523809526),\n",
       " ('Virgin Islands', 103574, 1910, 54.227225130890055),\n",
       " ('Tanzania', 51045882, 947300, 53.88565607516098),\n",
       " ('Turks and Caicos Islands', 50280, 948, 53.037974683544306),\n",
       " ('Montserrat', 5241, 102, 51.38235294117647),\n",
       " ('Yemen', 26737317, 527968, 50.64192716225226),\n",
       " ('Cameroon', 23739218, 475440, 49.93104913343429),\n",
       " ('Afghanistan', 32564342, 652230, 49.92769728470018),\n",
       " ('Fiji', 909389, 18274, 49.764091058334245),\n",
       " ('Iran', 81824270, 1648195, 49.64477504178814),\n",
       " ('Panama', 3657024, 75420, 48.48878281622912),\n",
       " ('Guinea', 11780162, 245857, 47.91469024676946),\n",
       " ('Guinea-Bissau', 1726170, 36125, 47.78325259515571),\n",
       " ('Montenegro', 647073, 13812, 46.84860990443093),\n",
       " ('Palau', 21265, 459, 46.328976034858385),\n",
       " ('Belarus', 9589689, 207600, 46.193106936416186),\n",
       " ('Nicaragua', 5907881, 130370, 45.31626140983355),\n",
       " ('Lithuania', 2884433, 65300, 44.172021439509955),\n",
       " ('South Africa', 53675563, 1219090, 44.02920457062235),\n",
       " ('Cocos (Keeling) Islands', 596, 14, 42.57142857142857),\n",
       " ('Cook Islands', 9838, 236, 41.686440677966104),\n",
       " ('Colombia', 46736728, 1138910, 41.036366350282286),\n",
       " ('Madagascar', 23812681, 587041, 40.56391461584455),\n",
       " ('Liberia', 4195666, 111369, 37.6735536819043),\n",
       " ('Zimbabwe', 14229541, 390757, 36.41531949523617),\n",
       " ('Faroe Islands', 50196, 1393, 36.034458004307254),\n",
       " ('Djibouti', 828324, 23200, 35.703620689655175),\n",
       " ('Congo, Democratic Republic of the', 79375136, 2344858, 33.85072187740153),\n",
       " ('United States', 321368864, 9826675, 32.70372369087204),\n",
       " ('Venezuela', 29275460, 912050, 32.09852530014802),\n",
       " ('Mozambique', 25303113, 799380, 31.65342265255573),\n",
       " ('Latvia', 1986705, 64589, 30.759185000541887),\n",
       " ('Laos', 6911544, 236800, 29.187263513513514),\n",
       " ('Kyrgyzstan', 5664939, 199951, 28.331636250881466),\n",
       " ('Estonia', 1265420, 45228, 27.978685769877067),\n",
       " ('Equatorial Guinea', 740743, 28051, 26.40700866279277),\n",
       " ('Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha', 7795, 308, 25.308441558441558),\n",
       " ('Brazil', 204259812, 8515770, 23.98606491250938),\n",
       " ('Peru', 30444999, 1285216, 23.688624324627146),\n",
       " ('Bahamas, The', 324597, 13880, 23.385951008645534),\n",
       " ('Saint Pierre and Miquelon', 5657, 242, 23.376033057851238),\n",
       " ('Chile', 17508260, 756102, 23.15594985861696),\n",
       " ('Vanuatu', 272264, 12189, 22.336861104274345),\n",
       " ('Sweden', 9801616, 450295, 21.7670993459843),\n",
       " ('Solomon Islands', 622469, 28896, 21.54170127353267),\n",
       " ('Zambia', 15066266, 752618, 20.01847683685482),\n",
       " ('Sudan', 36108853, 1861484, 19.397885235650698),\n",
       " ('Bhutan', 741919, 38394, 19.3238266395791),\n",
       " ('Uruguay', 3341893, 176215, 18.96486110717022),\n",
       " ('South Sudan', 12042910, 644329, 18.690622337346294),\n",
       " ('Paraguay', 6783272, 406752, 16.67667768074896),\n",
       " ('Somalia', 10616380, 637657, 16.649044862676956),\n",
       " ('Algeria', 39542166, 2381741, 16.602210735760103),\n",
       " ('New Zealand', 4438393, 267710, 16.57910798998917),\n",
       " ('Finland', 5476922, 338145, 16.196962841384615),\n",
       " ('Norway', 5207689, 323802, 16.082942662491277),\n",
       " ('Angola', 19625353, 1246700, 15.741840859870058),\n",
       " ('Argentina', 43431886, 2780400, 15.620732988059272),\n",
       " ('Belize', 347369, 22966, 15.125359226682923),\n",
       " ('New Caledonia', 271615, 18575, 14.622611036339165),\n",
       " ('Papua New Guinea', 6672429, 462840, 14.416275602800104),\n",
       " ('Congo, Republic of the', 4755097, 342000, 13.903792397660819),\n",
       " ('Mali', 16955536, 1240192, 13.671702446072866),\n",
       " ('Saudi Arabia', 27752316, 2149690, 12.909915383148268),\n",
       " ('Christmas Island', 1530, 135, 11.333333333333334),\n",
       " ('Turkmenistan', 5231422, 488100, 10.717930751895103),\n",
       " ('Oman', 3286936, 309500, 10.620148626817448),\n",
       " ('Bolivia', 10800882, 1098581, 9.831666486130745),\n",
       " ('Central African Republic', 5391539, 622984, 8.654377961552784),\n",
       " ('Russia', 142423773, 17098242, 8.329731968935754),\n",
       " ('Kazakhstan', 18157122, 2724900, 6.6634085654519435),\n",
       " ('Gabon', 1705336, 267667, 6.371110372216224),\n",
       " ('Niue', 1190, 260, 4.576923076923077),\n",
       " ('Botswana', 2182719, 581730, 3.752116961476974),\n",
       " ('Libya', 6411776, 1759540, 3.644006956363595),\n",
       " ('Suriname', 579633, 163820, 3.5382309852276888),\n",
       " ('Canada', 35099836, 9984670, 3.515372666297434),\n",
       " ('Mauritania', 3596702, 1030700, 3.4895721354419327),\n",
       " ('Guyana', 735222, 214969, 3.4201303443752353),\n",
       " ('Iceland', 331918, 103000, 3.222504854368932),\n",
       " ('Australia', 22751014, 7741220, 2.9389442490976876),\n",
       " ('Namibia', 2212307, 824292, 2.6838875058838374),\n",
       " ('Western Sahara', 570866, 266000, 2.146112781954887),\n",
       " ('Mongolia', 2992908, 1564116, 1.9134821202519505),\n",
       " ('Pitcairn Islands', 48, 47, 1.0212765957446808),\n",
       " ('Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)', 3361, 12173, 0.2761028505709357),\n",
       " ('Svalbard', 1872, 62045, 0.030171649609154645),\n",
       " ('Greenland', 57733, 2166086, 0.026653143042335344),\n",
       " ('Chad', 11631456, None, None),\n",
       " ('Niger', 18045729, None, None),\n",
       " ('Holy See (Vatican City)', 842, 0, None),\n",
       " ('Ashmore and Cartier Islands', None, 5, None),\n",
       " ('Coral Sea Islands', None, 3, None),\n",
       " ('Heard Island and McDonald Islands', None, 412, None),\n",
       " ('Clipperton Island', None, 6, None),\n",
       " ('French Southern and Antarctic Lands', None, None, None),\n",
       " ('Saint Barthelemy', 7237, None, None),\n",
       " ('Bouvet Island', None, 49, None),\n",
       " ('Jan Mayen', None, 377, None),\n",
       " ('British Indian Ocean Territory', None, 54400, None),\n",
       " ('South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands', None, 3903, None),\n",
       " ('Navassa Island', None, 5, None),\n",
       " ('Wake Island', None, 6, None),\n",
       " ('United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges', None, None, None),\n",
       " ('Antarctica', 0, None, None),\n",
       " ('Paracel Islands', None, 7, None),\n",
       " ('Spratly Islands', None, 5, None),\n",
       " ('Arctic Ocean', None, None, None),\n",
       " ('Atlantic Ocean', None, None, None),\n",
       " ('Indian Ocean', None, None, None),\n",
       " ('Pacific Ocean', None, None, None),\n",
       " ('Southern Ocean', None, None, None)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 52,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "SELECT name, population, area, CAST(population AS Float) / CAST(area AS Float) AS Ratio\n",
    "    FROM facts\n",
    "    WHERE name!=\"World\"\n",
    "    ORDER BY Ratio DESC;"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Here are the densely-populated countries from the question asking for above-average population and below-average area:\n",
    "* Bangladesh\n",
    "* Germany\n",
    "* Iraq\n",
    "* Italy\n",
    "* Japan\n",
    "* Korea, South\n",
    "* Morocco\n",
    "* Philippines\n",
    "* Poland\n",
    "* Spain\n",
    "* Thailand\n",
    "* Uganda\n",
    "* United Kingdom\n",
    "* Vietnam\n",
    "\n",
    "In contrast, these are the most densely-populated countries when looking at population numbers in the country's calculated area:\n",
    "* Macau\n",
    "* Monaco\n",
    "* Singapore\n",
    "* Hong Kong\n",
    "* Gaza Strip\n",
    "* Gibraltar\n",
    "* Bahrain\n",
    "* Maldives\n",
    "* Malta\n",
    "* Bermuda\n",
    "* Sint Maarten\n",
    "* Bangladesh\n",
    "\n",
    "The only match in both results is Bangladesh. When looking at how each country's population density was calculated, the population/area calculation makes more sense than looking at the world average for population and area. And, according to the [Wikipedia page for population density](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density), the latter list is the correct one."
   ]
  }
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