A non-empty zero-indexed array A consisting of N integers is given. A pair of integers (P, Q), such that 0 ≤ P < Q < N, is called a slice of array A (notice that the slice contains at least two elements). The average of a slice (P, Q) is the sum of A[P] + A[P + 1] + ... + A[Q] divided by the length of the slice. To be precise, the average equals (A[P] + A[P + 1] + ... + A[Q]) / (Q − P + 1).
For example, array A such that:
A[0] = 4
A[1] = 2
A[2] = 2
A[3] = 5
A[4] = 1
A[5] = 5
A[6] = 8
contains the following example slices:
slice (1, 2), whose average is (2 + 2) / 2 = 2; slice (3, 4), whose average is (5 + 1) / 2 = 3; slice (1, 4), whose average is (2 + 2 + 5 + 1) / 4 = 2.5. The goal is to find the starting position of a slice whose average is minimal.
Write a function:
class Solution { public int solution(int[] A); }
that, given a non-empty zero-indexed array A consisting of N integers, returns the starting position of the slice with the minimal average. If there is more than one slice with a minimal average, you should return the smallest starting position of such a slice.
For example, given array A such that:
A[0] = 4
A[1] = 2
A[2] = 2
A[3] = 5
A[4] = 1
A[5] = 5
A[6] = 8
the function should return 1, as explained above.
Assume that:
N is an integer within the range [2..100,000]; each element of array A is an integer within the range [−10,000..10,000]. Complexity:
expected worst-case time complexity is O(N); expected worst-case space complexity is O(N), beyond input storage (not counting the storage required for input arguments).