2 - Intersection, Jaccard, TF-IDF, and LSA.ipynb

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  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 유사곡 추천 101 - 2. 교집합, 자카드 지수, TF-IDF\n",
    "\n",
    "[블로그](https://blog2.lucent.me/ml/music-recommender-systems-101-intro)에서 다루었던 첫 번째 방법인 교집합과, 교집합의 문제를 해결하는 두 가지 방법인 자카드 지수와 TF-IDF를 살펴봅시다.\n",
    "<div style=\"max-height: 416px;list-style:none !important\"><ol class=\"toc-item\"><li><a href=\"#데이터-로드\">데이터 로드</a></li><li><a href=\"#교집합의-크기\">교집합의 크기</a><ul style=\"margin:0\"><li><a href=\"#가장-큰-k개의-교집합-쿼리\">가장 큰 k개의 교집합 쿼리</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=\"#자카드-지수\">자카드 지수</a><ul style=\"margin:0\"><li><a href=\"#자카드-지수-쿼리\">자카드 지수 쿼리</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=\"#TF-IDF\">TF-IDF</a><ul style=\"margin:0\"><li><a href=\"#TF-IDF-쿼리\">TF-IDF 쿼리</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=\"#Latent-Semantic-Analysis\">Latent Semantic Analysis</a><ul style=\"margin:0\"><li><a href=\"#LSA-쿼리\">LSA 쿼리</a></li></ul></li></ol></div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 데이터 로드\n",
    "\n",
    "[저번](https://github.com/kcy1019/MusicRecSys-101/blob/master/01%20-%20Getting%20the%20Dataset.ipynb)에 저장한 데이터를 읽어 봅시다."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:06.887522Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:06.494576Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import scipy.sparse as sparse\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "import numpy as np"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:07.426967Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:06.891461Z"
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   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "play_count_matrix = sparse.load_npz('play_count_matrix.npz')\n",
    "metadata = pd.read_hdf('metadata.hdf', key='data')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 교집합의 크기\n",
    "\n",
    "두 노래를 모두 들어본 사람의 수를 구하기 위해서는 먼저 '어떤 노래를 들어본 적 있는가? -> 1, 그렇지 않으면 -> 0' 과 같은 형태로\n",
    "플레이 카운트 행렬을 이진화 해야 합니다.\n",
    "\n",
    "이진화를 하고 나면, 간단하게 X * X.T를 수행함으로써 두 노래를 모두 들어본 사람의 수를 계산할 수 있습니다."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:12.064637Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:07.429269Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(10000, 10000)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 이진화\n",
    "play_count_binary = play_count_matrix.copy().tocsr()\n",
    "play_count_binary[play_count_binary > 0] = 1\n",
    "# 교집합 계산\n",
    "all_pair_intersections = (play_count_binary * play_count_binary.transpose())\n",
    "all_pair_intersections = np.array(all_pair_intersections.todense())\n",
    "all_pair_intersections.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 가장 큰 k개의 교집합 쿼리"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:12.073976Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:12.068506Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def query_intersection(song_name, return_k=10):\n",
    "    idx = metadata[metadata.title == song_name].song.cat.codes.values[0]\n",
    "    cand = all_pair_intersections[idx].argsort()[::-1][:return_k+1]\n",
    "    cand = list(cand[cand != idx][:return_k])\n",
    "    return [idx] + cand  # 맨 위에는 쿼리의 대상이 된 곡을 넣어줍니다."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
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   "metadata": {
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       "                   track                song                       artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                        \n",
       "7330  TRJPXVB128F9316916  SOSROFB12AAF3B4C5D                 Taylor Swift   \n",
       "7761  TRSDRPY128F933E202  SOTWSXL12A8C143349                 Taylor Swift   \n",
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       "5509  TROAQBZ128F9326213  SONYKOW12AB01849C9                  OneRepublic   \n",
       "4414  TRVSBTV12903CC6670  SOLFXKT12AB017E3E0           Charttraxx Karaoke   \n",
       "355   TRHKJNX12903CEFCDF  SOAXGDH12A8C13F8A1       Florence + The Machine   \n",
       "8567  TRIEXMF128F92FDD60  SOWCKVR12A8C142411                Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "8567  TRTEHXL128F931687B  SOWCKVR12A8C142411                Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "620   TRCPAGR128F423A01A  SOBOAFP12A8C131F36  Jason Mraz & Colbie Caillat   \n",
       "8065  TRSLDDC12903CC36E7  SOUSMXX12AB0185C24    Usher featuring will.i.am   \n",
       "4254  TRCBRTN12903CC4BD1  SOKUPAO12AB018D576                     Paramore   \n",
       "7395  TRONYHY128F92C9D11  SOSXLTC12AF72A7F54                Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "6216  TROHFJK12903CC4BCE  SOPTLQL12AB018D56F                 Travie McCoy   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                  title                style  \\\n",
       "code                                                                           \n",
       "7330                                 You Belong With Me  Country_Traditional   \n",
       "7761                                         Love Story                  NaN   \n",
       "7761                                         Love Story  Country_Traditional   \n",
       "5509                                            Secrets    Rock_Contemporary   \n",
       "4414                                          Fireflies                  NaN   \n",
       "355                      Dog Days Are Over (Radio Edit)                  NaN   \n",
       "8567                                       Use Somebody                  NaN   \n",
       "8567                                       Use Somebody                  NaN   \n",
       "620                               Lucky (Album Version)                  NaN   \n",
       "8065                                                OMG                  NaN   \n",
       "4254                 The Only Exception (Album Version)                  NaN   \n",
       "7395                                            Revelry         Rock_College   \n",
       "6216  Billionaire [feat. Bruno Mars]  (Explicit Albu...                  NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "         genre  \n",
       "code            \n",
       "7330   Country  \n",
       "7761       NaN  \n",
       "7761   Country  \n",
       "5509  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4414       NaN  \n",
       "355        NaN  \n",
       "8567  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "8567       NaN  \n",
       "620        NaN  \n",
       "8065       NaN  \n",
       "4254       NaN  \n",
       "7395  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6216       NaN  "
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       "      <td>Use Somebody</td>\n",
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       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
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       "      <td>TRTEHXL128F931687B</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOWCKVR12A8C142411</td>\n",
       "      <td>Kings Of Leon</td>\n",
       "      <td>Use Somebody</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "      <td>Kings Of Leon</td>\n",
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       "                   track                song                       artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                        \n",
       "8597  TRYVBMA128E0789D39  SOWEJXA12A6701C574                     Coldplay   \n",
       "1125  TRENTGL128E0780C8E  SOCVTLJ12A6310F0FD                     Coldplay   \n",
       "4114  TRQFXKD128E0780CAE  SOKLRPJ12A8C13C3FE                     Coldplay   \n",
       "6284  TRIKGRK128E0780DB0  SOPXKYD12A6D4FA876                     Coldplay   \n",
       "6284  TRTZNQZ12903CD044C  SOPXKYD12A6D4FA876                     Coldplay   \n",
       "5509  TROAQBZ128F9326213  SONYKOW12AB01849C9                  OneRepublic   \n",
       "355   TRHKJNX12903CEFCDF  SOAXGDH12A8C13F8A1       Florence + The Machine   \n",
       "8567  TRIEXMF128F92FDD60  SOWCKVR12A8C142411                Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "8567  TRTEHXL128F931687B  SOWCKVR12A8C142411                Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "4414  TRVSBTV12903CC6670  SOLFXKT12AB017E3E0           Charttraxx Karaoke   \n",
       "7395  TRONYHY128F92C9D11  SOSXLTC12AF72A7F54                Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "620   TRCPAGR128F423A01A  SOBOAFP12A8C131F36  Jason Mraz & Colbie Caillat   \n",
       "4254  TRCBRTN12903CC4BD1  SOKUPAO12AB018D576                     Paramore   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                   title              style     genre  \n",
       "code                                                                   \n",
       "8597                             Fix You                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "1125                              Clocks       Rock_College  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4114                       The Scientist   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6284                              Yellow   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6284                              Yellow                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "5509                             Secrets  Rock_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "355       Dog Days Are Over (Radio Edit)                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "8567                        Use Somebody                NaN  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "8567                        Use Somebody                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "4414                           Fireflies                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "7395                             Revelry       Rock_College  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "620                Lucky (Album Version)                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "4254  The Only Exception (Album Version)                NaN       NaN  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
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    }
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    "metadata.loc[query_intersection('Fix You')]"
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  {
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   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:12.443134Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:12.330027Z"
    }
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    {
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       "      <td>TRKJHNE128F42380FC</td>\n",
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       "      <td>My Chemical Romance</td>\n",
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       "      <td>My Chemical Romance</td>\n",
       "      <td>I'm Not Okay (I Promise) (Live From Sessions@AOL)</td>\n",
       "      <td>Grunge_Emo</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "      <th>7935</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRRNFHH128F92D262D</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOUJVIT12A8C1451C1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Rise Against</td>\n",
       "      <td>Savior</td>\n",
       "      <td>Punk</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
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       "      <th>1125</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRENTGL128E0780C8E</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOCVTLJ12A6310F0FD</td>\n",
       "      <td>Coldplay</td>\n",
       "      <td>Clocks</td>\n",
       "      <td>Rock_College</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
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       "      <td>TRHKJNX12903CEFCDF</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOAXGDH12A8C13F8A1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Florence + The Machine</td>\n",
       "      <td>Dog Days Are Over (Radio Edit)</td>\n",
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      "text/plain": [
       "                   track                song                  artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                   \n",
       "6562  TRKJHNE128F42380FC  SOQQAAQ12A67ADE34D     My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "4714  TRYZMOC128F423E58D  SOLXXZI12A8AE4733A     My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "5509  TROAQBZ128F9326213  SONYKOW12AB01849C9             OneRepublic   \n",
       "4414  TRVSBTV12903CC6670  SOLFXKT12AB017E3E0      Charttraxx Karaoke   \n",
       "6078  TRRJZWL128F146D790  SOPKPSQ12A58A7A5E4     My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "968   TRQTLTB128F92F785B  SOCKSGZ12A58A7CA4B             Linkin Park   \n",
       "9932  TRNTALF128EF343800  SOZVCRW12A67ADA0B7             The Killers   \n",
       "7935  TRRNFHH128F92D262D  SOUJVIT12A8C1451C1            Rise Against   \n",
       "1125  TRENTGL128E0780C8E  SOCVTLJ12A6310F0FD                Coldplay   \n",
       "355   TRHKJNX12903CEFCDF  SOAXGDH12A8C13F8A1  Florence + The Machine   \n",
       "8567  TRIEXMF128F92FDD60  SOWCKVR12A8C142411           Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "8567  TRTEHXL128F931687B  SOWCKVR12A8C142411           Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                  title              style  \\\n",
       "code                                                                         \n",
       "6562        Welcome To The Black Parade (Album Version)         Grunge_Emo   \n",
       "4714       Helena (So Long & Goodnight) (Album Version)         Grunge_Emo   \n",
       "5509                                            Secrets  Rock_Contemporary   \n",
       "4414                                          Fireflies                NaN   \n",
       "6078  I'm Not Okay (I Promise) (Live From Sessions@AOL)         Grunge_Emo   \n",
       "968                Bleed It Out [Live At Milton Keynes]                NaN   \n",
       "9932                                When You Were Young                NaN   \n",
       "7935                                             Savior               Punk   \n",
       "1125                                             Clocks       Rock_College   \n",
       "355                      Dog Days Are Over (Radio Edit)                NaN   \n",
       "8567                                       Use Somebody                NaN   \n",
       "8567                                       Use Somebody                NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "         genre  \n",
       "code            \n",
       "6562  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4714  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "5509  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4414       NaN  \n",
       "6078  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "968        NaN  \n",
       "9932       NaN  \n",
       "7935  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "1125  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "355        NaN  \n",
       "8567  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "8567       NaN  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "metadata.loc[query_intersection('Welcome To The Black Parade (Album Version)')]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 자카드 지수\n",
    "\n",
    "위의 결과를 보면, [블로그](https://blog2.lucent.me/ml/music-recommender-systems-101-intro)에서와 똑같이, 유명한 곡이 유사도와 관계 없이 계속 상위권을 차지하는 문제를 볼 수 있습니다.\n",
    "이를 약간 완화하는 방법에는 [Jaccard Index](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaccard_index)가 있는데, 이는 단순히 교집합의 크기를 비교하는 것이 아니라,\n",
    "**(교집합의 크기) / (합집합의 크기)** 를 이용합니다. 즉, 집합의 크기로 노멀라이즈 하는 것이라고 생각해볼 수 있겠죠?\n",
    "\n",
    "다행히 자카드 지수에 대한 쿼리 역시 교집합 행렬을 이용하면 간단하게 계산할 수 있습니다.\n",
    "각 노래를 들어본 사람의 수를 벡터로 나타내고, 이를 행렬의 각 행에 적절히 더해주면 합집합의 크기도 간단하게! (참고: [numpy broadcasting](http://cs231n.github.io/python-numpy-tutorial/#numpy-broadcasting))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:12.548787Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:12.445706Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(10000, 1)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "play_count_binary_per_song = play_count_binary.sum(axis=1)\n",
    "play_count_binary_per_song.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:13.588423Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:12.552068Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(10000, 10000)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "all_pair_union = play_count_binary_per_song - all_pair_intersections + play_count_binary_per_song.transpose()\n",
    "all_pair_union.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:14.767386Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:13.590268Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(10000, 10000)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "all_pair_jaccard = np.array(all_pair_intersections / all_pair_union)\n",
    "all_pair_jaccard.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 자카드 지수 쿼리\n",
    "\n",
    "아까랑 똑같습니다. 그냥 정렬하면 끝."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:14.784472Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:14.770268Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def query_jaccard(song_name, return_k=10):\n",
    "    idx = metadata[metadata.title == song_name].song.cat.codes.values[0]\n",
    "    cand = all_pair_jaccard[idx].argsort()[::-1][:return_k+1]\n",
    "    cand = list(cand[cand != idx][:return_k])\n",
    "    return [idx] + cand"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:14.959625Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:14.787709Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
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       "      <td>SOKUPAO12AB018D576</td>\n",
       "      <td>Paramore</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Only Exception (Album Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
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       "                   track                song                           artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                            \n",
       "7330  TRJPXVB128F9316916  SOSROFB12AAF3B4C5D                     Taylor Swift   \n",
       "7761  TRSDRPY128F933E202  SOTWSXL12A8C143349                     Taylor Swift   \n",
       "7761  TROPUMP128F92EC162  SOTWSXL12A8C143349                     Taylor Swift   \n",
       "977   TRGMZNT128F92DE267  SOCLMAD12AB017FC09                     Taylor Swift   \n",
       "2664  TRLVQME128F931BAF3  SOGTQNI12AB0184A5C                         Owl City   \n",
       "3418  TRBTNPR12903D13765  SOISNSU12AC468C0D8                     Adam Lambert   \n",
       "2195  TRBNYBX128F422EC61  SOFRCGW12A81C21EA6                  Plain White T's   \n",
       "8691  TRLCLEM128F93402D3  SOWKQYL12AB0183B15                     Jason Derulo   \n",
       "620   TRCPAGR128F423A01A  SOBOAFP12A8C131F36      Jason Mraz & Colbie Caillat   \n",
       "5676  TRMOYCC128C7196947  SOOJJCT12A6310E1C0                     3 Doors Down   \n",
       "2634  TRMEQQX12903CCD9D5  SOGSAYQ12AB018BA14  Sean Kingston and Justin Bieber   \n",
       "4254  TRCBRTN12903CC4BD1  SOKUPAO12AB018D576                         Paramore   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                   title                style     genre  \n",
       "code                                                                     \n",
       "7330                  You Belong With Me  Country_Traditional   Country  \n",
       "7761                          Love Story                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "7761                          Love Story  Country_Traditional   Country  \n",
       "977                           Tim McGraw  Country_Traditional   Country  \n",
       "2664                    Vanilla Twilight           Grunge_Emo  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "3418                        If I Had You                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "2195                   Hey There Delilah                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "8691                         Whatcha Say          Hip_Hop_Rap       RnB  \n",
       "620                Lucky (Album Version)                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "5676                    Here Without You                  NaN  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "2634                        Eenie Meenie                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "4254  The Only Exception (Album Version)                  NaN       NaN  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "metadata.loc[query_jaccard('You Belong With Me')]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**들어보기**\n",
    "\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRJPXVB128F9316916/1\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRLVQME128F931BAF3/2\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRBTNPR12903D13765/3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:15.051685Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:14.962242Z"
    }
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   "outputs": [
    {
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       "                   track                song                       artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                        \n",
       "8597  TRYVBMA128E0789D39  SOWEJXA12A6701C574                     Coldplay   \n",
       "4114  TRQFXKD128E0780CAE  SOKLRPJ12A8C13C3FE                     Coldplay   \n",
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       "6284  TRIKGRK128E0780DB0  SOPXKYD12A6D4FA876                     Coldplay   \n",
       "6284  TRTZNQZ12903CD044C  SOPXKYD12A6D4FA876                     Coldplay   \n",
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       "620   TRCPAGR128F423A01A  SOBOAFP12A8C131F36  Jason Mraz & Colbie Caillat   \n",
       "4254  TRCBRTN12903CC4BD1  SOKUPAO12AB018D576                     Paramore   \n",
       "8567  TRIEXMF128F92FDD60  SOWCKVR12A8C142411                Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "8567  TRTEHXL128F931687B  SOWCKVR12A8C142411                Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "7755  TRKRRUV128F92F20F1  SOTWNDJ12A8C143984                        Train   \n",
       "7761  TRSDRPY128F933E202  SOTWSXL12A8C143349                 Taylor Swift   \n",
       "7761  TROPUMP128F92EC162  SOTWSXL12A8C143349                 Taylor Swift   \n",
       "4414  TRVSBTV12903CC6670  SOLFXKT12AB017E3E0           Charttraxx Karaoke   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                   title                style     genre  \n",
       "code                                                                     \n",
       "8597                             Fix You                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "4114                       The Scientist     Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "1125                              Clocks         Rock_College  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6284                              Yellow     Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6284                              Yellow                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "7873                  Heartbreak Warfare    Rock_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "620                Lucky (Album Version)                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "4254  The Only Exception (Album Version)                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "8567                        Use Somebody                  NaN  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "8567                        Use Somebody                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "7755                            Marry Me                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "7761                          Love Story                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "7761                          Love Story  Country_Traditional   Country  \n",
       "4414                           Fireflies                  NaN       NaN  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
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   "source": [
    "metadata.loc[query_jaccard('Fix You')]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**들어보기**\n",
    "\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/80cc0a6909/1\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRCPAGR128F423A01A/2\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRTEHXL128F931687B/3"
   ]
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  {
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   "execution_count": 14,
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     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:15.054297Z"
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   "outputs": [
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       "                   track                song                      artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                       \n",
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       "6078  TRRJZWL128F146D790  SOPKPSQ12A58A7A5E4         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "4714  TRYZMOC128F423E58D  SOLXXZI12A8AE4733A         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "2583  TRHWCVS128F14895A3  SOGOZLT12A6D4FB302         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "8774  TRWLOCY128F9338118  SOWPLVJ12AB0183586                Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "8774  TRSSSJW128F146D5DC  SOWPLVJ12AB0183586                Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "9415  TRSJBHU128F1496F3E  SOYIOZB12A58A797FC                Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "5882  TRMAFWC128F423E58F  SOOXMSN12A58A7A8D3         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "3796  TRZIQMY128F146E70D  SOJRFWQ12AB0183582                Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "3796  TRJQKHL128F9304295  SOJRFWQ12AB0183582                Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "3796  TRYMVOW128F92ECE27  SOJRFWQ12AB0183582                Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "8086  TREFJVA128F423E591  SOUTXQX12A8AE4734A         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "5711  TRLOMKL128F4295BDA  SOOLYZQ12A6D4FA5B7  The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus   \n",
       "9284  TRVVSIM128F423E594  SOXZEWL12A8AE47353         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                  title       style     genre  \n",
       "code                                                                           \n",
       "6562        Welcome To The Black Parade (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6078  I'm Not Okay (I Promise) (Live From Sessions@AOL)  Grunge_Emo  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4714       Helena (So Long & Goodnight) (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "2583                          Teenagers (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "8774                             Sugar_ We're Goin Down         NaN       NaN  \n",
       "8774                             Sugar_ We're Goin Down         NaN       NaN  \n",
       "9415              This Ain't A Scene_ It's An Arms Race         NaN       NaN  \n",
       "5882                         To The End (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "3796                                       Dance_ Dance         NaN       NaN  \n",
       "3796                                       Dance_ Dance         NaN       NaN  \n",
       "3796                                       Dance_ Dance         NaN       NaN  \n",
       "8086                   The Ghost Of You (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "5711                          Face Down (Album Version)         NaN       NaN  \n",
       "9284            Thank You For The Venom (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo  Pop_Rock  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "metadata.loc[query_jaccard('Welcome To The Black Parade (Album Version)')]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**들어보기**\n",
    "\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TROBZMA12903CF2DEB/1\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRWLOCY128F9338118/2\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRAKBYP128F42385F0/3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "이제는 넓은 범위에서 봤을 때엔 비슷하다고 할 수 있는 노래가 나옵니다.\n",
    "여전히 &lt;You Belong With Me&gt; 에서 &lt;Whatcha Say&gt; 가 나오는 등, 뜬금없는 경우가 존재하지만요."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## TF-IDF\n",
    "\n",
    "[블로그](https://blog2.lucent.me/ml/music-recommender-systems-101-intro)에서 본 것 처럼, TF-IDF를 이용해서 가중치를 계산하고, 이렇게 얻은 벡터를 코사인 유사도를 이용해서 쿼리해 봅시다."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:15.190126Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:15.137453Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def tf_idf(matrix):\n",
    "    tf = matrix.sqrt()\n",
    "    idf = 1 + np.log1p(matrix.shape[-1]) - np.log1p(np.bincount(matrix.tocoo().row))\n",
    "    return tf.multiply(idf.reshape(-1, 1)).tocsr()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:16.421980Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:15.192795Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "play_count_tfidf = tf_idf(play_count_matrix)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:16.428601Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:16.424352Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def cosine_similarity_sparse(v1, v2):\n",
    "    return v1.dot(v2.transpose())[0, 0] / np.sqrt(v1.dot(v1.transpose())[0, 0]) / np.sqrt(v2.dot(v2.transpose())[0, 0])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### TF-IDF 쿼리\n",
    "\n",
    "사실 이렇게 큰 벡터를 비교할 때에는 일일이 비교하기보다 [Approximate Nearest Neighbor](https://github.com/facebookresearch/pysparnn)를 사용하는게 상식적인 접근이지만, 우선은 그냥 해 봅시다."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:16.515344Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:16.433029Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def query_tfidf(song_name, return_k=10):\n",
    "    idx = metadata[metadata.title == song_name].song.cat.codes.values[0]\n",
    "    target = play_count_tfidf[idx]\n",
    "    sim = np.array([cosine_similarity_sparse(target, play_count_tfidf[i]) for i in range(play_count_tfidf.shape[0])], dtype=np.float64)\n",
    "    cand = sim.argsort()[::-1][:return_k+1]\n",
    "    cand = list(cand[cand != idx][:return_k])\n",
    "    return [idx] + cand"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:30.133781Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:16.518629Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "  <thead>\n",
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       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>track</th>\n",
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       "      <th>7330</th>\n",
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       "      <td>SOSROFB12AAF3B4C5D</td>\n",
       "      <td>Taylor Swift</td>\n",
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       "      <td>Taylor Swift</td>\n",
       "      <td>Love Story</td>\n",
       "      <td>Country_Traditional</td>\n",
       "      <td>Country</td>\n",
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       "      <th>977</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRGMZNT128F92DE267</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOCLMAD12AB017FC09</td>\n",
       "      <td>Taylor Swift</td>\n",
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       "      <td>Country_Traditional</td>\n",
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       "      <td>TRFSCMH128F425CB85</td>\n",
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       "      <td>Mickie Krause</td>\n",
       "      <td>Orange Trägt Nur Die Müllabfuhr (Go West)</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Contemporary</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4414</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRVSBTV12903CC6670</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOLFXKT12AB017E3E0</td>\n",
       "      <td>Charttraxx Karaoke</td>\n",
       "      <td>Fireflies</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
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       "      <th>6216</th>\n",
       "      <td>TROHFJK12903CC4BCE</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOPTLQL12AB018D56F</td>\n",
       "      <td>Travie McCoy</td>\n",
       "      <td>Billionaire [feat. Bruno Mars]  (Explicit Albu...</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8474</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRGCHLH12903CB7352</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOVWADY12AB0189C63</td>\n",
       "      <td>Miley Cyrus</td>\n",
       "      <td>Party In The U.S.A.</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>620</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRCPAGR128F423A01A</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOBOAFP12A8C131F36</td>\n",
       "      <td>Jason Mraz &amp; Colbie Caillat</td>\n",
       "      <td>Lucky (Album Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5509</th>\n",
       "      <td>TROAQBZ128F9326213</td>\n",
       "      <td>SONYKOW12AB01849C9</td>\n",
       "      <td>OneRepublic</td>\n",
       "      <td>Secrets</td>\n",
       "      <td>Rock_Contemporary</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4254</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRCBRTN12903CC4BD1</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOKUPAO12AB018D576</td>\n",
       "      <td>Paramore</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Only Exception (Album Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2195</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRBNYBX128F422EC61</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOFRCGW12A81C21EA6</td>\n",
       "      <td>Plain White T's</td>\n",
       "      <td>Hey There Delilah</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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      "text/plain": [
       "                   track                song                       artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                        \n",
       "7330  TRJPXVB128F9316916  SOSROFB12AAF3B4C5D                 Taylor Swift   \n",
       "7761  TRSDRPY128F933E202  SOTWSXL12A8C143349                 Taylor Swift   \n",
       "7761  TROPUMP128F92EC162  SOTWSXL12A8C143349                 Taylor Swift   \n",
       "977   TRGMZNT128F92DE267  SOCLMAD12AB017FC09                 Taylor Swift   \n",
       "5241  TRFSCMH128F425CB85  SONHLJN12A81C2169B                Mickie Krause   \n",
       "4414  TRVSBTV12903CC6670  SOLFXKT12AB017E3E0           Charttraxx Karaoke   \n",
       "6216  TROHFJK12903CC4BCE  SOPTLQL12AB018D56F                 Travie McCoy   \n",
       "8474  TRGCHLH12903CB7352  SOVWADY12AB0189C63                  Miley Cyrus   \n",
       "620   TRCPAGR128F423A01A  SOBOAFP12A8C131F36  Jason Mraz & Colbie Caillat   \n",
       "5509  TROAQBZ128F9326213  SONYKOW12AB01849C9                  OneRepublic   \n",
       "4254  TRCBRTN12903CC4BD1  SOKUPAO12AB018D576                     Paramore   \n",
       "2195  TRBNYBX128F422EC61  SOFRCGW12A81C21EA6              Plain White T's   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                  title                style  \\\n",
       "code                                                                           \n",
       "7330                                 You Belong With Me  Country_Traditional   \n",
       "7761                                         Love Story                  NaN   \n",
       "7761                                         Love Story  Country_Traditional   \n",
       "977                                          Tim McGraw  Country_Traditional   \n",
       "5241          Orange Trägt Nur Die Müllabfuhr (Go West)     Pop_Contemporary   \n",
       "4414                                          Fireflies                  NaN   \n",
       "6216  Billionaire [feat. Bruno Mars]  (Explicit Albu...                  NaN   \n",
       "8474                                Party In The U.S.A.                  NaN   \n",
       "620                               Lucky (Album Version)                  NaN   \n",
       "5509                                            Secrets    Rock_Contemporary   \n",
       "4254                 The Only Exception (Album Version)                  NaN   \n",
       "2195                                  Hey There Delilah                  NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "         genre  \n",
       "code            \n",
       "7330   Country  \n",
       "7761       NaN  \n",
       "7761   Country  \n",
       "977    Country  \n",
       "5241  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4414       NaN  \n",
       "6216       NaN  \n",
       "8474  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "620        NaN  \n",
       "5509  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4254       NaN  \n",
       "2195       NaN  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "metadata.loc[query_tfidf('You Belong With Me')]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**들어보기**\n",
    "\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TROBZMA12903CF2DEB/1\n",
    "- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ou6SJe5vBrA\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TROHFJK12903CC4BCE/2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:44.104187Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:30.135989Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
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       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4414</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRVSBTV12903CC6670</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOLFXKT12AB017E3E0</td>\n",
       "      <td>Charttraxx Karaoke</td>\n",
       "      <td>Fireflies</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8567</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRIEXMF128F92FDD60</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOWCKVR12A8C142411</td>\n",
       "      <td>Kings Of Leon</td>\n",
       "      <td>Use Somebody</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
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       "      <th>8567</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRTEHXL128F931687B</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOWCKVR12A8C142411</td>\n",
       "      <td>Kings Of Leon</td>\n",
       "      <td>Use Somebody</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "      <th>4254</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRCBRTN12903CC4BD1</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOKUPAO12AB018D576</td>\n",
       "      <td>Paramore</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Only Exception (Album Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>355</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRHKJNX12903CEFCDF</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOAXGDH12A8C13F8A1</td>\n",
       "      <td>Florence + The Machine</td>\n",
       "      <td>Dog Days Are Over (Radio Edit)</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "</table>\n",
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      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                   track                song                  artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                   \n",
       "8597  TRYVBMA128E0789D39  SOWEJXA12A6701C574                Coldplay   \n",
       "4114  TRQFXKD128E0780CAE  SOKLRPJ12A8C13C3FE                Coldplay   \n",
       "1125  TRENTGL128E0780C8E  SOCVTLJ12A6310F0FD                Coldplay   \n",
       "6284  TRIKGRK128E0780DB0  SOPXKYD12A6D4FA876                Coldplay   \n",
       "6284  TRTZNQZ12903CD044C  SOPXKYD12A6D4FA876                Coldplay   \n",
       "7944  TRYNYSX128E07897B3  SOUKJBT12A6701C4D6                Coldplay   \n",
       "5509  TROAQBZ128F9326213  SONYKOW12AB01849C9             OneRepublic   \n",
       "4414  TRVSBTV12903CC6670  SOLFXKT12AB017E3E0      Charttraxx Karaoke   \n",
       "8567  TRIEXMF128F92FDD60  SOWCKVR12A8C142411           Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "8567  TRTEHXL128F931687B  SOWCKVR12A8C142411           Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "7873  TRXWAZC128F9314B3E  SOUFPNI12A8C142D19              John Mayer   \n",
       "4254  TRCBRTN12903CC4BD1  SOKUPAO12AB018D576                Paramore   \n",
       "355   TRHKJNX12903CEFCDF  SOAXGDH12A8C13F8A1  Florence + The Machine   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                   title              style     genre  \n",
       "code                                                                   \n",
       "8597                             Fix You                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "4114                       The Scientist   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "1125                              Clocks       Rock_College  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6284                              Yellow   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6284                              Yellow                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "7944                      Speed Of Sound   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "5509                             Secrets  Rock_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4414                           Fireflies                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "8567                        Use Somebody                NaN  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "8567                        Use Somebody                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "7873                  Heartbreak Warfare  Rock_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4254  The Only Exception (Album Version)                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "355       Dog Days Are Over (Radio Edit)                NaN       NaN  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "metadata.loc[query_tfidf('Fix You')]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**들어보기**\n",
    "\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/80cc0a6909/1\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TROAQBZ128F9326213/2\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRTEHXL128F931687B/3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:56.924882Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:44.106233Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>track</th>\n",
       "      <th>song</th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
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       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
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       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6562</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRKJHNE128F42380FC</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOQQAAQ12A67ADE34D</td>\n",
       "      <td>My Chemical Romance</td>\n",
       "      <td>Welcome To The Black Parade (Album Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>Grunge_Emo</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6078</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRRJZWL128F146D790</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOPKPSQ12A58A7A5E4</td>\n",
       "      <td>My Chemical Romance</td>\n",
       "      <td>I'm Not Okay (I Promise) (Live From Sessions@AOL)</td>\n",
       "      <td>Grunge_Emo</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4714</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRYZMOC128F423E58D</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOLXXZI12A8AE4733A</td>\n",
       "      <td>My Chemical Romance</td>\n",
       "      <td>Helena (So Long &amp; Goodnight) (Album Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>Grunge_Emo</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2583</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRHWCVS128F14895A3</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOGOZLT12A6D4FB302</td>\n",
       "      <td>My Chemical Romance</td>\n",
       "      <td>Teenagers (Album Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>Grunge_Emo</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5882</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRMAFWC128F423E58F</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOOXMSN12A58A7A8D3</td>\n",
       "      <td>My Chemical Romance</td>\n",
       "      <td>To The End (Album Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>Grunge_Emo</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Rock</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9415</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRSJBHU128F1496F3E</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOYIOZB12A58A797FC</td>\n",
       "      <td>Fall Out Boy</td>\n",
       "      <td>This Ain't A Scene_ It's An Arms Race</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "      <th>7303</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRQFMAE128F92FA8F2</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOSPING12A58A7B4FF</td>\n",
       "      <td>Lou Reed &amp; John Cale</td>\n",
       "      <td>I Believe (LP Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3796</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRZIQMY128F146E70D</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOJRFWQ12AB0183582</td>\n",
       "      <td>Fall Out Boy</td>\n",
       "      <td>Dance_ Dance</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3796</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRJQKHL128F9304295</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOJRFWQ12AB0183582</td>\n",
       "      <td>Fall Out Boy</td>\n",
       "      <td>Dance_ Dance</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3796</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRYMVOW128F92ECE27</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOJRFWQ12AB0183582</td>\n",
       "      <td>Fall Out Boy</td>\n",
       "      <td>Dance_ Dance</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8396</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRIAOSK128E0785308</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOVPSKL12A670206B9</td>\n",
       "      <td>Jaci Velasquez</td>\n",
       "      <td>Something (Album Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>Pop_Latin</td>\n",
       "      <td>Religious</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5711</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRLOMKL128F4295BDA</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOOLYZQ12A6D4FA5B7</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus</td>\n",
       "      <td>Face Down (Album Version)</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7091</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRQUXPB128F147C1DA</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOSCGFN12AF729B231</td>\n",
       "      <td>My Chemical Romance</td>\n",
       "      <td>Vampires Will Never Hurt You</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                   track                song                      artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                       \n",
       "6562  TRKJHNE128F42380FC  SOQQAAQ12A67ADE34D         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "6078  TRRJZWL128F146D790  SOPKPSQ12A58A7A5E4         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "4714  TRYZMOC128F423E58D  SOLXXZI12A8AE4733A         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "2583  TRHWCVS128F14895A3  SOGOZLT12A6D4FB302         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "5882  TRMAFWC128F423E58F  SOOXMSN12A58A7A8D3         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "9415  TRSJBHU128F1496F3E  SOYIOZB12A58A797FC                Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "7303  TRQFMAE128F92FA8F2  SOSPING12A58A7B4FF        Lou Reed & John Cale   \n",
       "3796  TRZIQMY128F146E70D  SOJRFWQ12AB0183582                Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "3796  TRJQKHL128F9304295  SOJRFWQ12AB0183582                Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "3796  TRYMVOW128F92ECE27  SOJRFWQ12AB0183582                Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "8396  TRIAOSK128E0785308  SOVPSKL12A670206B9              Jaci Velasquez   \n",
       "5711  TRLOMKL128F4295BDA  SOOLYZQ12A6D4FA5B7  The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus   \n",
       "7091  TRQUXPB128F147C1DA  SOSCGFN12AF729B231         My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                  title       style      genre  \n",
       "code                                                                            \n",
       "6562        Welcome To The Black Parade (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo   Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6078  I'm Not Okay (I Promise) (Live From Sessions@AOL)  Grunge_Emo   Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4714       Helena (So Long & Goodnight) (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo   Pop_Rock  \n",
       "2583                          Teenagers (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo   Pop_Rock  \n",
       "5882                         To The End (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo   Pop_Rock  \n",
       "9415              This Ain't A Scene_ It's An Arms Race         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "7303                             I Believe (LP Version)         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "3796                                       Dance_ Dance         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "3796                                       Dance_ Dance         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "3796                                       Dance_ Dance         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "8396                          Something (Album Version)   Pop_Latin  Religious  \n",
       "5711                          Face Down (Album Version)         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "7091                       Vampires Will Never Hurt You         NaN        NaN  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "metadata.loc[query_tfidf('Welcome To The Black Parade (Album Version)')]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**들어보기**\n",
    "\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TROBZMA12903CF2DEB/1\n",
    "- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNm5drtAQXs\n",
    "- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bKyNkjRumqY"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "그야말로 총체적 난국. 처음의 문제가 그닥 완화되지 않은 채 계속 발생하고, 그로 인해 추천 퀄리티가 자카드 지수 때보다 오히려 안 좋아졌습니다."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Latent Semantic Analysis\n",
    "\n",
    "이번에는 SVD를 이용해서 희소 행렬에 숨어있는 취향의 구조를 찾아내 봅시다."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:57.299405Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:56.927073Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from sklearn.decomposition import TruncatedSVD\n",
    "def svd(matrix, K):\n",
    "    transformer = TruncatedSVD(n_components=K, n_iter=10)\n",
    "    return transformer.fit_transform(matrix)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:01.604549Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:01:57.301844Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(10000, 50)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "play_count_lsa = svd(play_count_tfidf, K=50)\n",
    "play_count_lsa.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:01.619299Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:01.611669Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def cosine_similarity_dense(v1, v2):\n",
    "    return v1.dot(v2.transpose()) / np.sqrt(v1.dot(v1.transpose())) / np.sqrt(v2.dot(v2.transpose()))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### LSA 쿼리\n",
    "\n",
    "역시 이런 벡터의 경우에도 Nearest Neighbor를 쓰는게 일반적이지만, 50차원에 1만 곡 밖에 안 되니까 그냥."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:01.736521Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:01.623843Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def query_lsa(song_name, return_k=10):\n",
    "    idx = metadata[metadata.title == song_name].song.cat.codes.values[0]\n",
    "    target = play_count_lsa[idx]\n",
    "    sim = np.apply_along_axis(lambda v: cosine_similarity_dense(target, v), 1, play_count_lsa)\n",
    "    cand = sim.argsort()[::-1][:return_k+1]\n",
    "    cand = list(cand[cand != idx][:return_k])\n",
    "    return [idx] + cand"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:02.039183Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:01.739507Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
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       "      <td>TRBTNPR12903D13765</td>\n",
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       "      <td>Adam Lambert</td>\n",
       "      <td>If I Had You</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "      <td>TRFSCMH128F425CB85</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8105</th>\n",
       "      <td>TRVEKLH128F92DE271</td>\n",
       "      <td>SOUVGJL12AB017FC35</td>\n",
       "      <td>Taylor Swift</td>\n",
       "      <td>Our Song</td>\n",
       "      <td>Country_Traditional</td>\n",
       "      <td>Country</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                   track                song                    artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                     \n",
       "7330  TRJPXVB128F9316916  SOSROFB12AAF3B4C5D              Taylor Swift   \n",
       "977   TRGMZNT128F92DE267  SOCLMAD12AB017FC09              Taylor Swift   \n",
       "7761  TRSDRPY128F933E202  SOTWSXL12A8C143349              Taylor Swift   \n",
       "7761  TROPUMP128F92EC162  SOTWSXL12A8C143349              Taylor Swift   \n",
       "747   TRIUFKY12903CE6EA6  SOBWSGV12AB018B5E0  Selena Gomez & The Scene   \n",
       "2195  TRBNYBX128F422EC61  SOFRCGW12A81C21EA6           Plain White T's   \n",
       "4968  TRHCDSY128F931692E  SOMPTCI12AB017C416              Taylor Swift   \n",
       "3418  TRBTNPR12903D13765  SOISNSU12AC468C0D8              Adam Lambert   \n",
       "5241  TRFSCMH128F425CB85  SONHLJN12A81C2169B             Mickie Krause   \n",
       "6421  TRKQRVO128F92D630B  SOQGJZA12A8C1367AE                Katy Perry   \n",
       "1227  TRFGWOW12903CF14C3  SODCADR12AF72A1A99              Adam Lambert   \n",
       "8105  TRVEKLH128F92DE271  SOUVGJL12AB017FC35              Taylor Swift   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                          title                style     genre  \n",
       "code                                                                            \n",
       "7330                         You Belong With Me  Country_Traditional   Country  \n",
       "977                                  Tim McGraw  Country_Traditional   Country  \n",
       "7761                                 Love Story                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "7761                                 Love Story  Country_Traditional   Country  \n",
       "747                                   Naturally                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "2195                          Hey There Delilah                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "4968                           Forever & Always  Country_Traditional   Country  \n",
       "3418                               If I Had You                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "5241  Orange Trägt Nur Die Müllabfuhr (Go West)     Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6421                            Thinking Of You                  NaN       NaN  \n",
       "1227                       Whataya Want From Me                  NaN  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "8105                                   Our Song  Country_Traditional   Country  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "metadata.loc[query_lsa('You Belong With Me')]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**들어보기**\n",
    "\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRJPXVB128F9316916/1\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRIUFKY12903CE6EA6/2\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRKQRVO128F92D630B/3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:02.188360Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:02.041053Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "      <td>Kings Of Leon</td>\n",
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      "text/plain": [
       "                   track                song         artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                          \n",
       "8597  TRYVBMA128E0789D39  SOWEJXA12A6701C574       Coldplay   \n",
       "4114  TRQFXKD128E0780CAE  SOKLRPJ12A8C13C3FE       Coldplay   \n",
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       "6284  TRTZNQZ12903CD044C  SOPXKYD12A6D4FA876       Coldplay   \n",
       "7944  TRYNYSX128E07897B3  SOUKJBT12A6701C4D6       Coldplay   \n",
       "4486  TRNGAAK128F147DF92  SOLJWIQ12A6D4FA875       Coldplay   \n",
       "8567  TRIEXMF128F92FDD60  SOWCKVR12A8C142411  Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "8567  TRTEHXL128F931687B  SOWCKVR12A8C142411  Kings Of Leon   \n",
       "5509  TROAQBZ128F9326213  SONYKOW12AB01849C9    OneRepublic   \n",
       "9176  TRAALAH128E078234A  SOXQYSC12A6310E908      The Verve   \n",
       "4695  TRKBJPL12903CED195  SOLWZVR12AB01849C6    OneRepublic   \n",
       "6176  TROTIUH128E0782538  SOPQLBY12A6310E992      Radiohead   \n",
       "\n",
       "                      title              style     genre  \n",
       "code                                                      \n",
       "8597                Fix You                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "4114          The Scientist   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "1125                 Clocks       Rock_College  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6284                 Yellow   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6284                 Yellow                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "7944         Speed Of Sound   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4486                 Sparks   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "8567           Use Somebody                NaN  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "8567           Use Somebody                NaN       NaN  \n",
       "5509                Secrets  Rock_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "9176  Bitter Sweet Symphony   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4695    All The Right Moves  Rock_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  \n",
       "6176       Creep (Explicit)   Pop_Contemporary  Pop_Rock  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
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   "source": [
    "metadata.loc[query_lsa('Fix You')]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**들어보기**\n",
    "\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/80cc0a6909/1\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRAALAH128E078234A/2\n",
    "- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZiNtbgm9oM"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:02.340984Z",
     "start_time": "2019-02-03T16:02:02.190206Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "                   track                song               artist  \\\n",
       "code                                                                \n",
       "6562  TRKJHNE128F42380FC  SOQQAAQ12A67ADE34D  My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "2583  TRHWCVS128F14895A3  SOGOZLT12A6D4FB302  My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "3796  TRZIQMY128F146E70D  SOJRFWQ12AB0183582         Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "3796  TRJQKHL128F9304295  SOJRFWQ12AB0183582         Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "3796  TRYMVOW128F92ECE27  SOJRFWQ12AB0183582         Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "6078  TRRJZWL128F146D790  SOPKPSQ12A58A7A5E4  My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "9595  TRUNAXR128F93119C6  SOYWRLV12AB0186090   Panic At The Disco   \n",
       "8774  TRWLOCY128F9338118  SOWPLVJ12AB0183586         Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "8774  TRSSSJW128F146D5DC  SOWPLVJ12AB0183586         Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "9415  TRSJBHU128F1496F3E  SOYIOZB12A58A797FC         Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "8396  TRIAOSK128E0785308  SOVPSKL12A670206B9       Jaci Velasquez   \n",
       "4714  TRYZMOC128F423E58D  SOLXXZI12A8AE4733A  My Chemical Romance   \n",
       "4480  TRXVBBR128F92E26C8  SOLJPFF12A8C133221   Panic At The Disco   \n",
       "9935  TRQHUZE128F42385E8  SOZVMYF12A8C132646         Fall Out Boy   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                  title       style      genre  \n",
       "code                                                                            \n",
       "6562        Welcome To The Black Parade (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo   Pop_Rock  \n",
       "2583                          Teenagers (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo   Pop_Rock  \n",
       "3796                                       Dance_ Dance         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "3796                                       Dance_ Dance         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "3796                                       Dance_ Dance         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "6078  I'm Not Okay (I Promise) (Live From Sessions@AOL)  Grunge_Emo   Pop_Rock  \n",
       "9595       I Write Sins Not Tragedies [Live In Chicago]         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "8774                             Sugar_ We're Goin Down         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "8774                             Sugar_ We're Goin Down         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "9415              This Ain't A Scene_ It's An Arms Race         NaN        NaN  \n",
       "8396                          Something (Album Version)   Pop_Latin  Religious  \n",
       "4714       Helena (So Long & Goodnight) (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo   Pop_Rock  \n",
       "4480              Nine In The Afternoon (Album Version)  Grunge_Emo   Pop_Rock  \n",
       "9935                                            Beat It         NaN        NaN  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "metadata.loc[query_lsa('Welcome To The Black Parade (Album Version)')]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**들어보기**\n",
    "\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TROBZMA12903CF2DEB/1\n",
    "- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrFLekQ2lMU\n",
    "- https://playlist.radio/en/t/TRIAOSK128E0785308/3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "자카드 지수나 TF-IDF와 비슷한 것 같지만, &lt;You Belong To Me&gt;의 경우에는 케이티 페리나 셀레나 고메즈가 나온걸 보아 많이 좋아진 것을 확인할 수 있습니다!! 다만, 여전히 나머지 두 곡의 결과는 골때리는 문제를 보여주고 있습니다.\n",
    "다음 포스팅과 노트북에서는 이런 부분을 해결할 수 있는 다른 방법에 대해 알아봅시다."
   ]
  }
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