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quickemu
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quickemu
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
export LC_ALL=C
if ((BASH_VERSINFO[0] < 4)); then
echo "Sorry, you need bash 4.0 or newer to run this script."
exit 1
fi
function ignore_msrs_always() {
# Make sure the host has /etc/modprobe.d
if [ -d /etc/modprobe.d ]; then
# Skip if ignore_msrs is already enabled, assumes initramfs has been rebuilt
if ! grep -lq 'ignore_msrs=Y' /etc/modprobe.d/kvm-quickemu.conf >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "options kvm ignore_msrs=Y" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/kvm-quickemu.conf
sudo update-initramfs -k all -u
fi
else
echo "ERROR! /etc/modprobe.d was not found, I don't know how to configure this system."
exit 1
fi
}
function ignore_msrs_alert() {
local ignore_msrs=""
if [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "Darwin" ]; then
return
elif [ -e /sys/module/kvm/parameters/ignore_msrs ]; then
ignore_msrs=$(cat /sys/module/kvm/parameters/ignore_msrs)
if [ "${ignore_msrs}" == "N" ]; then
echo " - MSR: WARNING! Ignoring unhandled Model-Specific Registers is disabled."
echo
echo " echo 1 | sudo tee /sys/module/kvm/parameters/ignore_msrs"
echo
echo " If you are unable to run macOS or Windows VMs then run the above 👆"
echo " This will enable ignoring of unhandled MSRs until you reboot the host."
echo " You can make this change permanent by running: 'quickemu --ignore-msrs-always'"
fi
fi
}
function delete_shortcut() {
local SHORTCUT_DIR="${HOME}/.local/share/applications"
if [ -e "${SHORTCUT_DIR}/${VMNAME}.desktop" ]; then
rm "${SHORTCUT_DIR}/${VMNAME}.desktop"
echo " - Deleted ${SHORTCUT_DIR}/${VMNAME}.desktop"
fi
}
function delete_disk() {
echo "Deleting ${VMNAME} virtual hard disk"
if [ -e "${disk_img}" ]; then
rm "${disk_img}" >/dev/null 2>&1
# Remove any EFI vars, but not for macOS
rm "${VMDIR}"/OVMF_VARS*.fd >/dev/null 2>&1
rm "${VMDIR}/${VMNAME}-vars.fd" >/dev/null 2>&1
echo " - Deleted ${disk_img}"
delete_shortcut
else
echo " - ${disk_img} not found. Doing nothing."
fi
}
function delete_vm() {
echo "Deleting ${VMNAME} completely"
if [ -d "${VMDIR}" ]; then
rm -rf "${VMDIR}"
rm "${VM}"
echo " - Deleted ${VM} and ${VMDIR}/"
delete_shortcut
else
echo " - ${VMDIR} not found. Doing nothing."
fi
}
function kill_vm() {
echo "Killing ${VMNAME}"
if [ -z "${VM_PID}" ]; then
echo " - ${VMNAME} is not running."
rm -f "${VMDIR}/${VMNAME}.pid"
elif [ -n "${VM_PID}" ]; then
if kill -9 "${VM_PID}" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo " - ${VMNAME} (${VM_PID}) killed."
rm -f "${VMDIR}/${VMNAME}.pid"
else
echo " - ${VMNAME} (${VM_PID}) was not killed."
fi
elif [ ! -r "${VMDIR}/${VMNAME}.pid" ]; then
echo " - ${VMNAME} has no ${VMDIR}/${VMNAME}.pid"
fi
}
function snapshot_apply() {
echo "Snapshot apply to ${disk_img}"
local TAG="${1}"
if [ -z "${TAG}" ]; then
echo " - ERROR! No snapshot tag provided."
exit
fi
if [ -e "${disk_img}" ]; then
if ${QEMU_IMG} snapshot -q -a "${TAG}" "${disk_img}"; then
echo " - Applied snapshot '${TAG}' to ${disk_img}"
else
echo " - ERROR! Failed to apply snapshot '${TAG}' to ${disk_img}"
fi
else
echo " - NOTE! ${disk_img} not found. Doing nothing."
fi
}
function snapshot_create() {
echo "Snapshotting ${disk_img}"
local TAG="${1}"
if [ -z "${TAG}" ]; then
echo "- ERROR! No snapshot tag provided."
exit
fi
if [ -e "${disk_img}" ]; then
if ${QEMU_IMG} snapshot -q -c "${TAG}" "${disk_img}"; then
echo " - Created snapshot '${TAG}' for ${disk_img}"
else
echo " - ERROR! Failed to create snapshot '${TAG}' for ${disk_img}"
fi
else
echo " - NOTE! ${disk_img} not found. Doing nothing."
fi
}
function snapshot_delete() {
echo "Snapshot removal ${disk_img}"
local TAG="${1}"
if [ -z "${TAG}" ]; then
echo " - ERROR! No snapshot tag provided."
exit
fi
if [ -e "${disk_img}" ]; then
if ${QEMU_IMG} snapshot -q -d "${TAG}" "${disk_img}"; then
echo " - Deleted snapshot '${TAG}' from ${disk_img}"
else
echo " - ERROR! Failed to delete snapshot '${TAG}' from ${disk_img}"
fi
else
echo " - NOTE! ${disk_img} not found. Doing nothing."
fi
}
function snapshot_info() {
echo
if [ -e "${disk_img}" ]; then
${QEMU_IMG} info "${disk_img}"
fi
}
function get_port() {
local PORT_START=$1
local PORT_RANGE=$((PORT_START+$2))
local PORT
for ((PORT = PORT_START; PORT <= PORT_RANGE; PORT++)); do
# Make sure port scans do not block too long.
timeout 0.1s bash -c "echo >/dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/${PORT}" >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ ${?} -eq 1 ]; then
echo "${PORT}"
break
fi
done
}
function configure_usb() {
local DEVICE=""
local USB_BUS=""
local USB_DEV=""
local USB_NAME=""
local VENDOR_ID=""
local PRODUCT_ID=""
local USB_NOT_READY=0
# Have any USB devices been requested for pass-through?
if (( ${#usb_devices[@]} )); then
echo " - USB: Host pass-through requested:"
for DEVICE in "${usb_devices[@]}"; do
VENDOR_ID=$(echo "${DEVICE}" | cut -d':' -f1)
PRODUCT_ID=$(echo "${DEVICE}" | cut -d':' -f2)
USB_BUS=$(lsusb -d "${VENDOR_ID}:${PRODUCT_ID}" | cut -d' ' -f2)
USB_DEV=$(lsusb -d "${VENDOR_ID}:${PRODUCT_ID}" | cut -d' ' -f4 | cut -d':' -f1)
USB_NAME=$(lsusb -d "${VENDOR_ID}:${PRODUCT_ID}" | cut -d' ' -f7-)
if [ -z "${USB_NAME}" ]; then
echo " ! USB device ${VENDOR_ID}:${PRODUCT_ID} not found. Check your configuration"
continue
elif [ -w "/dev/bus/usb/${USB_BUS}/${USB_DEV}" ]; then
echo " o ${USB_NAME} on bus ${USB_BUS} device ${USB_DEV} is accessible."
else
echo " x ${USB_NAME} on bus ${USB_BUS} device ${USB_DEV} needs permission changes:"
echo " sudo chown -v root:${USER} /dev/bus/usb/${USB_BUS}/${USB_DEV}"
USB_NOT_READY=1
fi
USB_PASSTHROUGH="${USB_PASSTHROUGH} -device usb-host,bus=hostpass.0,vendorid=0x${VENDOR_ID},productid=0x${PRODUCT_ID}"
done
if [ "${USB_NOT_READY}" -eq 1 ]; then
echo " ERROR! USB permission changes are required 👆"
exit 1
fi
fi
}
# get the number of processing units
function get_nproc() {
if command -v nproc &>/dev/null; then
nproc
elif command -v sysctl &>/dev/null; then
sysctl -n hw.ncpu
else
echo "ERROR! Unable to determine the number of processing units."
exit 1
fi
}
# macOS and Linux compatible get_cpu_info function
function get_cpu_info() {
local INFO_NAME="${1}"
if [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "Darwin" ]; then
if [ "^Model name:" == "${INFO_NAME}" ]; then
sysctl -n machdep.cpu.brand_string
elif [ "Socket" == "${INFO_NAME}" ]; then
sysctl -n hw.packages
elif [ "Vendor" == "${INFO_NAME}" ]; then
if [ "${ARCH_HOST}" == "arm64" ]; then
sysctl -n machdep.cpu.brand_string | cut -d' ' -f1
else
sysctl -n machdep.cpu.vendor | sed 's/ //g'
fi
else
echo "ERROR! Could not find macOS translation for ${INFO_NAME}"
exit 1
fi
else
if [ "^Model name:" == "${INFO_NAME}" ]; then
for MODEL_NAME in $(IFS=$'\n' lscpu | grep "${INFO_NAME}" | cut -d':' -f2 | sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*//'); do
echo -n "${MODEL_NAME} "
done
else
lscpu | grep -E "${INFO_NAME}" | cut -d':' -f2 | sed 's/ //g' | sort -u
fi
fi
}
# returns an enabled or disable CPU flag for QEMU, based on the host CPU
# capabilities, or nothing if the flag is not supported
# converts the flags appropriately from macOS and Linux to QEMU
function configure_cpu_flag() {
local HOST_CPU_FLAG="${1}"
# Convert the flag to lowercase for QEMU
local QEMU_CPU_FLAG=${HOST_CPU_FLAG,,}
if check_cpu_flag "${HOST_CPU_FLAG}"; then
# Replace _ with - to make it compatible with QEMU
QEMU_CPU_FLAG="${HOST_CPU_FLAG//_/-}"
QEMU_CPU_FLAG="${QEMU_CPU_FLAG//4_/4\.}"
# macOS uses different flag names
if [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "Darwin" ]; then
case "${HOST_CPU_FLAG}" in
avx) QEMU_CPU_FLAG="AVX1.0";;
esac
fi
echo ",+${QEMU_CPU_FLAG}"
else
# Fully disable any QEMU flags that are not supported by the host CPU
if [ "${HOST_CPU_VENDOR}" == "AuthenticAMD" ]; then
case ${HOST_CPU_FLAG} in
pcid) echo ",-${QEMU_CPU_FLAG}";;
esac
fi
fi
}
# checks if a CPU flag is supported by the host CPU on Linux and macOS
function check_cpu_flag() {
local HOST_CPU_FLAG=""
if [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "Darwin" ]; then
# Make the macOS compatible: uppercase, replace _ with . and replace X2APIC with x2APIC
HOST_CPU_FLAG="${1^^}"
HOST_CPU_FLAG="${HOST_CPU_FLAG//_/.}"
HOST_CPU_FLAG="${HOST_CPU_FLAG//X2APIC/x2APIC}"
if [ "${HOST_CPU_FLAG}" == "AVX" ]; then
HOST_CPU_FLAG="AVX1.0"
fi
if sysctl -n machdep.cpu.features | grep -o "${HOST_CPU_FLAG}" > /dev/null; then
return 0
else
return 1
fi
else
HOST_CPU_FLAG="${1}"
if lscpu | grep -o "^Flags\b.*: .*\b${HOST_CPU_FLAG}\b" > /dev/null; then
return 0
else
return 1
fi
fi
}
function efi_vars() {
local VARS_IN=""
local VARS_OUT=""
VARS_IN="${1}"
VARS_OUT="${2}"
if [ ! -e "${VARS_OUT}" ]; then
if [ -e "${VARS_IN}" ]; then
cp "${VARS_IN}" "${VARS_OUT}"
else
echo "ERROR! ${VARS_IN} was not found. Please install edk2."
exit 1
fi
fi
}
function configure_cpu() {
HOST_CPU_CORES=$(get_nproc)
HOST_CPU_MODEL=$(get_cpu_info '^Model name:')
HOST_CPU_SOCKETS=$(get_cpu_info 'Socket')
HOST_CPU_VENDOR=$(get_cpu_info 'Vendor')
if [ "${HOST_CPU_SOCKETS}" = "-" ]; then
HOST_CPU_SOCKETS=1
fi
CPU_MODEL="host"
QEMU_ACCEL="tcg"
# Configure appropriately for the host platform
if [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "Darwin" ]; then
MANUFACTURER=$(ioreg -l | grep -e Manufacturer | grep -v iMan | cut -d'"' -f4 | sort -u)
CPU_KVM_UNHALT=""
QEMU_ACCEL="hvf"
# QEMU for macOS from Homebrew does not support SMM
SMM="off"
else
if [ -r /sys/class/dmi/id/sys_vendor ]; then
MANUFACTURER=$(head -n 1 /sys/class/dmi/id/sys_vendor)
fi
CPU_KVM_UNHALT=",kvm_pv_unhalt"
GUEST_TWEAKS+=" -global kvm-pit.lost_tick_policy=discard"
QEMU_ACCEL="kvm"
fi
if [ "${ARCH_VM}" == "aarch64" ]; then
# Support to run aarch64 VMs (best guess; untested)
# https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/arm/virt.html
case ${ARCH_HOST} in
arm64|aarch64) CPU_MODEL="max"
MACHINE_TYPE="virt,highmem=off";;
esac
elif [ "${ARCH_VM}" != "${ARCH_HOST}" ]; then
# If the architecture of the VM is different from the host, disable acceleration
CPU_MODEL="qemu64"
CPU_KVM_UNHALT=""
QEMU_ACCEL="tcg"
fi
# TODO: More robust detection of running in a VM
# - macOS check for CPU flag: vmx
# - Linux AMD check for CPU flag: svm
# - Linux Intel check for CPU flag: vmx
case ${MANUFACTURER,,} in
qemu|virtualbox) CPU_MODEL="qemu64"
QEMU_ACCEL="tcg"
HYPERVISOR="${MANUFACTURER,,}";;
*) HYPERVISOR="";;
esac
if [ -z "${HYPERVISOR}" ]; then
# A CPU with Intel VT-x / AMD SVM support is required
if [ "${HOST_CPU_VENDOR}" == "GenuineIntel" ]; then
if ! check_cpu_flag vmx; then
echo "ERROR! Intel VT-x support is required."
exit 1
fi
elif [ "${HOST_CPU_VENDOR}" == "AuthenticAMD" ]; then
if ! check_cpu_flag svm; then
echo "ERROR! AMD SVM support is required."
exit 1
fi
fi
fi
CPU="-cpu ${CPU_MODEL}"
# Make any OS specific adjustments
if [ "${guest_os}" == "freedos" ] || [ "${guest_os}" == "windows" ] || [ "${guest_os}" == "windows-server" ]; then
# SMM is not available on QEMU for macOS via Homebrew
if [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "Linux" ]; then
SMM="on"
fi
fi
case ${guest_os} in
batocera|freedos|haiku|solaris) MACHINE_TYPE="pc";;
kolibrios|reactos)
CPU="-cpu qemu32"
MACHINE_TYPE="pc";;
macos)
# If the host has an Intel CPU, passes the host CPU model features, model, stepping, exactly to the guest.
# Disable huge pages (,-pdpe1gb) on macOS to prevent crashes
# - https://stackoverflow.com/questions/60231203/qemu-qcow2-mmu-gva-to-gpa-crash-in-mac-os-x
if [ "${HOST_CPU_VENDOR}" == "GenuineIntel" ] && [ -z "${HYPERVISOR}" ]; then
CPU_MODEL="host"
CPU="-cpu ${CPU_MODEL},-pdpe1gb,+hypervisor"
else
CPU_MODEL="Haswell-v2"
CPU="-cpu ${CPU_MODEL},vendor=GenuineIntel,-pdpe1gb,+avx,+sse,+sse2,+ssse3,vmware-cpuid-freq=on"
fi
# A CPU with fma is required for Metal support
# A CPU with invtsc is required for macOS to boot
case ${macos_release} in
ventura|sonoma)
# A CPU with AVX2 support is required for >= macOS Ventura
if check_cpu_flag sse4_2 && check_cpu_flag avx2; then
if [ "${HOST_CPU_VENDOR}" != "GenuineIntel" ] && [ -z "${HYPERVISOR}" ]; then
CPU+=",+avx2,+sse4.2"
fi
else
echo "ERROR! macOS ${macos_release} requires a CPU with SSE 4.2 and AVX2 support."
echo " Try macOS Monterey or Big Sur."
exit 1
fi;;
catalina|big-sur|monterey)
# A CPU with SSE4.2 support is required for >= macOS Catalina
if check_cpu_flag sse4_2; then
if [ "${HOST_CPU_VENDOR}" != "GenuineIntel" ] && [ -z "${HYPERVISOR}" ]; then
CPU+=",+sse4.2"
fi
else
echo "ERROR! macOS ${macos_release} requires a CPU with SSE 4.2 support."
exit 1
fi;;
*)
# A CPU with SSE4.1 support is required for >= macOS Sierra
if check_cpu_flag sse4_1; then
if [ "${HOST_CPU_VENDOR}" != "GenuineIntel" ] && [ -z "${HYPERVISOR}" ]; then
CPU+=",+sse4.1"
fi
else
echo "ERROR! macOS ${macos_release} requires a CPU with SSE 4.1 support."
exit 1
fi;;
esac
if [ "${HOST_CPU_VENDOR}" != "GenuineIntel" ] && [ -z "${HYPERVISOR}" ]; then
for FLAG in abm adx aes amd-ssbd apic arat bmi1 bmi2 clflush cmov cx8 cx16 de \
eist erms f16c fma fp87 fsgsbase fxsr invpcid invtsc lahf_lm lm \
mca mce mmx movbe mpx msr mtrr nx pae pat pcid pge pse popcnt pse36 \
rdrand rdtscp sep smep syscall tsc tsc_adjust vaes vbmi2 vmx vpclmulqdq \
x2apic xgetbv1 xsave xsaveopt; do
CPU+=$(configure_cpu_flag "${FLAG}")
done
fi
# Disable S3 support in the VM to prevent macOS suspending during install
GUEST_TWEAKS+=" -global ICH9-LPC.disable_s3=1 -device isa-applesmc,osk=$(echo "bheuneqjbexolgurfrjbeqfthneqrqcyrnfrqbagfgrny(p)NccyrPbzchgreVap" | tr 'A-Za-z' 'N-ZA-Mn-za-m')"
# Disable High Precision Timer
if [ "${QEMU_VER_SHORT}" -ge 70 ]; then
MACHINE_TYPE+=",hpet=off"
else
GUEST_TWEAKS+=" -no-hpet"
fi
;;
windows|windows-server)
if [ "${QEMU_VER_SHORT}" -gt 60 ]; then
CPU="-cpu ${CPU_MODEL},+hypervisor,+invtsc,l3-cache=on,migratable=no,hv_passthrough"
else
CPU="-cpu ${CPU_MODEL},+hypervisor,+invtsc,l3-cache=on,migratable=no,hv_frequencies${CPU_KVM_UNHALT},hv_reenlightenment,hv_relaxed,hv_spinlocks=8191,hv_stimer,hv_synic,hv_time,hv_vapic,hv_vendor_id=1234567890ab,hv_vpindex"
fi
# Disable S3 support in the VM to ensure Windows can boot with SecureBoot enabled
# - https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/QEMU#VM_does_not_boot_when_using_a_Secure_Boot_enabled_OVMF
GUEST_TWEAKS+=" -global ICH9-LPC.disable_s3=1"
# Disable High Precision Timer
if [ "${QEMU_VER_SHORT}" -ge 70 ]; then
MACHINE_TYPE+=",hpet=off"
else
GUEST_TWEAKS+=" -no-hpet"
fi
;;
esac
if [ "${HOST_CPU_VENDOR}" == "AuthenticAMD" ] && [ "${guest_os}" != "macos" ]; then
CPU+=",topoext"
fi
if [ -z "${cpu_cores}" ]; then
if [ "${HOST_CPU_CORES}" -ge 32 ]; then
GUEST_CPU_CORES="16"
elif [ "${HOST_CPU_CORES}" -ge 16 ]; then
GUEST_CPU_CORES="8"
elif [ "${HOST_CPU_CORES}" -ge 8 ]; then
GUEST_CPU_CORES="4"
elif [ "${HOST_CPU_CORES}" -ge 4 ]; then
GUEST_CPU_CORES="2"
else
GUEST_CPU_CORES="1"
fi
else
GUEST_CPU_CORES="${cpu_cores}"
fi
# macOS guests cannot boot with most core counts not powers of 2.
# Find the nearest but lowest power of 2 using a predefined table
if [ "${guest_os}" == "macos" ]; then
local POWERS=(1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024)
for (( i=${#POWERS[@]}-1; i>=0; i-- )); do
if [ "${POWERS[i]}" -le "${GUEST_CPU_CORES}" ]; then
GUEST_CPU_CORES="${POWERS[i]}"
break
fi
done
fi
if [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "Darwin" ]; then
# Get the number of physical cores
physicalcpu=$(sysctl -n hw.physicalcpu)
# Get the number of logical processors
logicalcpu=$(sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)
# Check if Hyper-Threading is enabled
if [ "${logicalcpu}" -gt "${physicalcpu}" ]; then
HOST_CPU_SMT="on"
else
HOST_CPU_SMT="off"
fi
elif [ -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/smt/control ]; then
HOST_CPU_SMT=$(cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/smt/control)
fi
# Account for Hyperthreading/SMT.
if [ "${GUEST_CPU_CORES}" -ge 2 ]; then
case ${HOST_CPU_SMT} in
on) GUEST_CPU_THREADS=2
GUEST_CPU_LOGICAL_CORES=$(( GUEST_CPU_CORES / GUEST_CPU_THREADS ));;
*) GUEST_CPU_THREADS=1
GUEST_CPU_LOGICAL_CORES=${GUEST_CPU_CORES};;
esac
else
GUEST_CPU_THREADS=1
GUEST_CPU_LOGICAL_CORES=${GUEST_CPU_CORES}
fi
SMP="-smp cores=${GUEST_CPU_LOGICAL_CORES},threads=${GUEST_CPU_THREADS},sockets=${HOST_CPU_SOCKETS}"
echo " - CPU: ${HOST_CPU_MODEL}"
echo " - CPU VM: ${CPU_MODEL%%,*}, ${HOST_CPU_SOCKETS} Socket(s), ${GUEST_CPU_LOGICAL_CORES} Core(s), ${GUEST_CPU_THREADS} Thread(s)"
if [ "${guest_os}" == "macos" ] || [ "${guest_os}" == "windows" ] || [ "${guest_os}" == "windows-server" ]; then
# Display MSRs alert if the guest is macOS or windows
ignore_msrs_alert
fi
}
function configure_ram() {
local OS_PRETTY_NAME=""
RAM_VM="2G"
if [ -z "${ram}" ]; then
local RAM_HOST=""
if [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "Darwin" ]; then
RAM_HOST=$(($(sysctl -n hw.memsize) / (1048576*1024)))
else
# Determine the number of gigabytes of RAM in the host by extracting the first numerical value from the output.
RAM_HOST=$(free --giga | tr ' ' '\n' | grep -m 1 "[0-9]" )
fi
if [ "${RAM_HOST}" -ge 128 ]; then
RAM_VM="32G"
elif [ "${RAM_HOST}" -ge 64 ]; then
RAM_VM="16G"
elif [ "${RAM_HOST}" -ge 16 ]; then
RAM_VM="8G"
elif [ "${RAM_HOST}" -ge 8 ]; then
RAM_VM="4G"
fi
else
RAM_VM="${ram}"
fi
echo " - RAM VM: ${RAM_VM} RAM"
case "${guest_os}" in
windows|windows-server)
OS_PRETTY_NAME="Windows"
min_ram="4"
;;
macos)
OS_PRETTY_NAME="macOS"
min_ram="8"
;;
esac
if [ -n "${min_ram}" ] && [ "${RAM_VM//G/}" -lt "${min_ram}" ]; then
if [ -z "${ram}" ]; then
echo " ERROR! The guest virtual machine has been allocated insufficient RAM to run ${OS_PRETTY_NAME}."
echo " You can override the guest RAM allocation by adding 'ram=${min_ram}G' to ${VM}"
exit 1
else
echo " WARNING! You have allocated less than the recommended amount of RAM to run ${OS_PRETTY_NAME}."
fi
fi
}
function configure_bios() {
# Always Boot macOS using EFI
if [ "${guest_os}" == "macos" ]; then
boot="efi"
if [ -e "${VMDIR}/OVMF_CODE.fd" ] && [ -e "${VMDIR}/OVMF_VARS-1024x768.fd" ]; then
EFI_CODE="${VMDIR}/OVMF_CODE.fd"
EFI_VARS="${VMDIR}/OVMF_VARS-1024x768.fd"
elif [ -e "${VMDIR}/OVMF_CODE.fd" ] && [ -e "${VMDIR}/OVMF_VARS-1920x1080.fd" ]; then
EFI_CODE="${VMDIR}/OVMF_CODE.fd"
EFI_VARS="${VMDIR}/OVMF_VARS-1920x1080.fd"
else
MAC_MISSING="Firmware"
fi
if [ -e "${VMDIR}/OpenCore.qcow2" ]; then
MAC_BOOTLOADER="${VMDIR}/OpenCore.qcow2"
elif [ -e "${VMDIR}/ESP.qcow2" ]; then
# Backwards compatibility for Clover
MAC_BOOTLOADER="${VMDIR}/ESP.qcow2"
else
MAC_MISSING="Bootloader"
fi
if [ -n "${MAC_MISSING}" ]; then
echo "ERROR! macOS ${MAC_MISSING} was not found."
echo " Use 'quickget' to download the required files."
exit 1
fi
BOOT_STATUS="EFI (macOS), OVMF ($(basename "${EFI_CODE}")), SecureBoot (${secureboot})."
elif [[ "${boot}" == *"efi"* ]]; then
EFI_VARS="${VMDIR}/OVMF_VARS.fd"
# Preserve backward compatibility
if [ -e "${VMDIR}/${VMNAME}-vars.fd" ]; then
mv "${VMDIR}/${VMNAME}-vars.fd" "${EFI_VARS}"
elif [ -e "${VMDIR}/OVMF_VARS_4M.fd" ]; then
mv "${VMDIR}/OVMF_VARS_4M.fd" "${EFI_VARS}"
fi
# OVMF_CODE_4M.fd is for booting guests in non-Secure Boot mode.
# While this image technically supports Secure Boot, it does so
# without requiring SMM support from QEMU
# OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd is like OVMF_CODE_4M.fd, but will abort if QEMU
# does not support SMM.
local SHARE_PATH="/usr/share"
if [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "Darwin" ]; then
# Do not assume brew; quickemu could have been installed via Nix
if command -v brew &>/dev/null; then
SHARE_PATH="$(brew --prefix qemu)/share"
fi
fi
# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1929357#c5
# TODO: Check if macOS should use 'edk2-i386-vars.fd'
if [ -n "${EFI_CODE}" ] || [ ! -e "${EFI_CODE}" ]; then
case ${secureboot} in
on) # shellcheck disable=SC2054,SC2140
ovmfs=("${SHARE_PATH}/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.secboot.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/OVMF/OVMF_VARS_4M.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/edk2/ovmf/OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2/ovmf/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/OVMF/x64/OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/OVMF/x64/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-smm-ms-code.bin","${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-smm-ms-vars.bin" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/edk2-x86_64-secure-code.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/edk2-x86_64-code.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_VARS.fd"
);;
*) # shellcheck disable=SC2054,SC2140
ovmfs=("${SHARE_PATH}/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/OVMF/OVMF_VARS_4M.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/edk2/ovmf/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2/ovmf/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/OVMF/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/OVMF/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/OVMF/x64/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/OVMF/x64/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-4m-code.bin","${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-4m-vars.bin" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/edk2-x86_64-code.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/edk2-x86_64-code.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_VARS.fd"
);;
esac
# Attempt each EFI_CODE file one by one, selecting the corresponding code and vars
# when an existing file is found.
_IFS=$IFS
IFS=","
for f in "${ovmfs[@]}"; do
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
set -- ${f};
if [ -e "${1}" ]; then
EFI_CODE="${1}"
EFI_EXTRA_VARS="${2}"
fi
done
IFS=$_IFS
fi
if [ -z "${EFI_CODE}" ] || [ ! -e "${EFI_CODE}" ]; then
if [ "${secureboot}" == "on" ]; then
echo "ERROR! SecureBoot was requested but no SecureBoot capable firmware was found."
else
echo "ERROR! EFI boot requested but no EFI firmware found."
fi
echo " Please install OVMF firmware."
exit 1
fi
if [ -n "${EFI_EXTRA_VARS}" ]; then
if [ ! -e "${EFI_EXTRA_VARS}" ]; then
echo " - EFI: ERROR! EFI_EXTRA_VARS file ${EFI_EXTRA_VARS} does not exist."
exit 1
fi
efi_vars "${EFI_EXTRA_VARS}" "${EFI_VARS}"
fi
# Make sure EFI_VARS references an actual, writeable, file
if [ ! -f "${EFI_VARS}" ] || [ ! -w "${EFI_VARS}" ]; then
echo " - EFI: ERROR! ${EFI_VARS} is not a regular file or not writeable."
echo " Deleting ${EFI_VARS}. Please re-run quickemu."
rm -f "${EFI_VARS}"
exit 1
fi
# If EFI_CODE references a symlink, resolve it to the real file.
if [ -L "${EFI_CODE}" ]; then
echo " - EFI: WARNING! ${EFI_CODE} is a symlink."
echo -n " Resolving to... "
EFI_CODE=$(realpath "${EFI_CODE}")
echo "${EFI_CODE}"
fi
BOOT_STATUS="EFI (${guest_os^}), OVMF (${EFI_CODE}), SecureBoot (${secureboot})."
else
BOOT_STATUS="Legacy BIOS (${guest_os^})"
boot="legacy"
secureboot="off"
fi
echo " - BOOT: ${BOOT_STATUS}"
}
function configure_os_quirks() {
if [ "${guest_os}" == "batocera" ] || [ "${guest_os}" == "freedos" ] || [ "${guest_os}" == "haiku" ] || [ "${guest_os}" == "kolibrios" ]; then
NET_DEVICE="rtl8139"
fi
if [ "${guest_os}" == "freebsd" ] || [ "${guest_os}" == "ghostbsd" ]; then
mouse="usb"
fi
case ${guest_os} in
windows-server) NET_DEVICE="e1000";;
*bsd|linux*|windows) NET_DEVICE="virtio-net";;
freedos) sound_card="sb16";;
*solaris) usb_controller="xhci"
sound_card="ac97";;
reactos) NET_DEVICE="e1000"
keyboard="ps2";;
macos)
# Tune QEMU optimisations based on the macOS release, or fallback to lowest
# common supported options if none is specified.
# * VirtIO Block Media doesn't work in High Sierra (at all) or the Mojave (Recovery Image)
# * VirtIO Network is supported since Big Sur
# * VirtIO Memory Balloning is supported since Big Sur (https://pmhahn.github.io/virtio-balloon/)
# * VirtIO RNG is supported since Big Sur, but exposed to all guests by default.
case ${macos_release} in
big-sur|monterey|ventura|sonoma)
BALLOON="-device virtio-balloon"
MAC_DISK_DEV="virtio-blk-pci"
NET_DEVICE="virtio-net"
USB_HOST_PASSTHROUGH_CONTROLLER="nec-usb-xhci"
GUEST_TWEAKS+=" -global nec-usb-xhci.msi=off"
sound_card="${sound_card:-usb-audio}"
usb_controller="xhci";;
*)
# Backwards compatibility if no macos_release is specified.
# Also safe catch all for High Sierra and Mojave
BALLOON=""
if [ "${macos_release}" == "catalina" ]; then
MAC_DISK_DEV="virtio-blk-pci"
else
MAC_DISK_DEV="ide-hd,bus=ahci.2"
fi
NET_DEVICE="vmxnet3"
USB_HOST_PASSTHROUGH_CONTROLLER="usb-ehci";;
esac
;;
*) NET_DEVICE="rtl8139";;
esac
}
function configure_storage() {
local create_options=""
echo " - Disk: ${disk_img} (${disk_size})"
if [ ! -f "${disk_img}" ]; then
# If there is no disk image, create a new image.
mkdir -p "${VMDIR}" 2>/dev/null
case ${preallocation} in
off|metadata|falloc|full) true;;
*) echo "ERROR! ${preallocation} is an unsupported disk preallocation option."
exit 1;;
esac
case ${disk_format} in
qcow2) create_options="lazy_refcounts=on,preallocation=${preallocation},nocow=on";;
raw) create_options="preallocation=${preallocation}";;
*) true;;
esac
# https://blog.programster.org/qcow2-performance
if ! ${QEMU_IMG} create -q -f "${disk_format}" -o "${create_options=}" "${disk_img}" "${disk_size}"; then
echo "ERROR! Failed to create ${disk_img} using ${disk_format} format."
exit 1
fi
if [ -z "${iso}" ] && [ -z "${img}" ]; then
echo "ERROR! You haven't specified a .iso or .img image to boot from."
exit 1
fi
echo " Just created, booting from ${iso}${img}"
DISK_USED="no"
elif [ -e "${disk_img}" ]; then
# If the VM is not running, check for disk related issues.
if [ -z "${VM_PID}" ]; then
# Check there isn't already a process attached to the disk image.
if ! ${QEMU_IMG} info "${disk_img}" >/dev/null; then
echo " Failed to get \"write\" lock. Is another process using the disk?"
exit 1
fi
else
if ! ${QEMU_IMG} check -q "${disk_img}"; then
echo " Disk integrity check failed. Please run qemu-img check --help."
echo
"${QEMU_IMG}" check "${disk_img}"
exit 1
fi
fi
# Only check disk image size if preallocation is off
if [ "${preallocation}" == "off" ]; then
DISK_CURR_SIZE=$(${STAT} -c%s "${disk_img}")
if [ "${DISK_CURR_SIZE}" -le "${DISK_MIN_SIZE}" ]; then
echo " Looks unused, booting from ${iso}${img}"
if [ -z "${iso}" ] && [ -z "${img}" ]; then
echo "ERROR! You haven't specified a .iso or .img image to boot from."
exit 1
fi
else
DISK_USED="yes"
fi
else
DISK_USED="yes"
fi
fi
if [ "${DISK_USED}" == "yes" ] && [ "${guest_os}" != "kolibrios" ]; then
# If there is a disk image that appears to be used do not boot from installation media.
iso=""
img=""
fi
# Has the status quo been requested?
if [ "${STATUS_QUO}" == "-snapshot" ]; then
if [ -z "${img}" ] && [ -z "${iso}" ]; then
echo " Existing disk state will be preserved, no writes will be committed."
fi
fi
if [ -n "${iso}" ] && [ -e "${iso}" ]; then
echo " - Boot ISO: ${iso}"
elif [ -n "${img}" ] && [ -e "${img}" ]; then
echo " - Recovery: ${img}"
fi
if [ -n "${fixed_iso}" ] && [ -e "${fixed_iso}" ]; then
echo " - CD-ROM: ${fixed_iso}"
fi
}
function configure_display() {
# Setup the appropriate audio device based on the display output
# https://www.kraxel.org/blog/2020/01/qemu-sound-audiodev/
case ${display} in
cocoa) AUDIO_DEV="coreaudio,id=audio0";;
none|spice|spice-app) AUDIO_DEV="spice,id=audio0";;
*) AUDIO_DEV="pa,id=audio0";;
esac
# Determine a sane resolution for Linux guests.
local X_RES="1280"
local Y_RES="800"
if [ -n "${width}" ] && [ -n "${height}" ]; then
local X_RES="${width}"
local Y_RES="${height}"
fi
# https://www.kraxel.org/blog/2019/09/display-devices-in-qemu/
case ${guest_os} in
*bsd) DISPLAY_DEVICE="VGA";;
linux_old|solaris) DISPLAY_DEVICE="vmware-svga";;
linux)
case ${display} in
none|spice|spice-app) DISPLAY_DEVICE="virtio-gpu";;
*) DISPLAY_DEVICE="virtio-vga";;
esac;;
macos)
# qxl-vga and VGA supports seamless mouse and sane resolutions if only
# one scanout is used. '-vga none' is added to the QEMU command line
# to avoid having two scanouts.
DISPLAY_DEVICE="VGA";;
windows|windows-server)
# virtio-gpu "works" with gtk but is limited to 1024x1024 and exhibits other issues
# https://kevinlocke.name/bits/2021/12/10/windows-11-guest-virtio-libvirt/#video
case ${display} in
gtk|none|spice) DISPLAY_DEVICE="qxl-vga";;
cocoa|sdl|spice-app) DISPLAY_DEVICE="virtio-vga";;
esac;;
*) DISPLAY_DEVICE="qxl-vga";;
esac
# Map Quickemu $display to QEMU -display
case ${display} in
gtk) DISPLAY_RENDER="${display},grab-on-hover=on,zoom-to-fit=off,gl=${gl}";;
none|spice) DISPLAY_RENDER="none";;
sdl) DISPLAY_RENDER="${display},gl=${gl}";;
spice-app) DISPLAY_RENDER="${display},gl=${gl}";;
*) DISPLAY_RENDER="${display}";;
esac
# https://www.kraxel.org/blog/2021/05/virtio-gpu-qemu-graphics-update/
if [ "${gl}" == "on" ] && [ "${DISPLAY_DEVICE}" == "virtio-vga" ]; then
if [ "${QEMU_VER_SHORT}" -ge 61 ]; then
DISPLAY_DEVICE="${DISPLAY_DEVICE}-gl"
else
DISPLAY_DEVICE="${DISPLAY_DEVICE},virgl=on"
fi
echo -n " - Display: ${display^^}, ${DISPLAY_DEVICE}, GL (${gl}), VirGL (on)"
else
echo -n " - Display: ${display^^}, ${DISPLAY_DEVICE}, GL (${gl}), VirGL (off)"
fi
# Build the video configuration
VIDEO="-device ${DISPLAY_DEVICE}"
# Try and coerce the display resolution for Linux guests only.
if [ "${DISPLAY_DEVICE}" != "vmware-svga" ]; then
VIDEO="${VIDEO},xres=${X_RES},yres=${Y_RES}"
echo " @ (${X_RES} x ${Y_RES})"
else
echo " "
fi
# Allocate VRAM to VGA devices
case ${DISPLAY_DEVICE} in
bochs-display) VIDEO="${VIDEO},vgamem=67108864";;
qxl|qxl-vga) VIDEO="${VIDEO},ram_size=65536,vram_size=65536,vgamem_mb=64";;
ati-vga|cirrus-vga|VGA|vmware-svga) VIDEO="${VIDEO},vgamem_mb=256";;
esac
# Configure multiscreen if max_outputs was provided in the .conf file
if [ -n "${max_outputs}" ]; then
VIDEO="${VIDEO},max_outputs=${max_outputs}"
fi
# Run QEMU with '-vga none' to avoid having two scanouts, one for VGA and
# another for virtio-vga-gl. This works around a GTK assertion failure and
# allows seamless mouse in macOS when using the qxl-vga device.
# https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/blog/2021/11/26/venus-on-qemu-enabling-new-virtual-vulkan-driver/
# https://github.com/quickemu-project/quickemu/issues/222
VGA="-vga none"
# Add fullscreen options
VIDEO="${VGA} ${VIDEO} ${FULLSCREEN}"
}
function configure_audio() {
# Build the sound hardware configuration
case ${sound_card} in
ich9-intel-hda|intel-hda) SOUND="-device ${sound_card} -device ${sound_duplex},audiodev=audio0";;
usb-audio) SOUND="-device ${sound_card},audiodev=audio0";;
ac97|es1370|sb16) SOUND="-device ${sound_card},audiodev=audio0";;
none) SOUND="";;
esac
echo " - Sound: ${sound_card} (${sound_duplex})"
}
function configure_ports() {
echo -n "" > "${VMDIR}/${VMNAME}.ports"
if [ -z "${ssh_port}" ]; then
# Find a free port to expose ssh to the guest
ssh_port=$(get_port 22220 9)
fi
if [ -n "${ssh_port}" ]; then
echo "ssh,${ssh_port}" >> "${VMDIR}/${VMNAME}.ports"
NET="${NET},hostfwd=tcp::${ssh_port}-:22"
echo " - ssh: On host: ssh user@localhost -p ${ssh_port}"
else
echo " - ssh: All ssh ports have been exhausted."