diff --git a/docs/markdown/snippets/executable_vs_module_defs.md b/docs/markdown/snippets/executable_vs_module_defs.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f8ea81795556
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/markdown/snippets/executable_vs_module_defs.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+## Executable gains vs_module_defs keyword
+
+This allows using a .def file to control which functions an Executable will
+expose to a SharedModule.
diff --git a/docs/yaml/functions/executable.yaml b/docs/yaml/functions/executable.yaml
index cdf764a07387..9dc58e04749c 100644
--- a/docs/yaml/functions/executable.yaml
+++ b/docs/yaml/functions/executable.yaml
@@ -44,3 +44,13 @@ kwargs:
     type: bool
     since: 0.49.0
     description: Build a position-independent executable.
+
+  vs_module_defs:
+    type: str | file | custom_tgt | custom_idx
+    since: 1.3.0
+    description: |
+      Specify a Microsoft module definition file for controlling symbol exports,
+      etc., on platforms where that is possible (e.g. Windows).
+
+      This can be used to expose which functions a shared_module loaded by an
+      executable will be allowed to use
diff --git a/docs/yaml/functions/shared_library.yaml b/docs/yaml/functions/shared_library.yaml
index 956fb2cb2ce1..0105e40695be 100644
--- a/docs/yaml/functions/shared_library.yaml
+++ b/docs/yaml/functions/shared_library.yaml
@@ -44,3 +44,5 @@ kwargs:
     description: |
       Specify a Microsoft module definition file for controlling symbol exports,
       etc., on platforms where that is possible (e.g. Windows).
+
+      *(Since 1.3.0)* indexes of custom_target are supported
diff --git a/docs/yaml/functions/shared_module.yaml b/docs/yaml/functions/shared_module.yaml
index 20bd5c48802c..b82c7eb0a240 100644
--- a/docs/yaml/functions/shared_module.yaml
+++ b/docs/yaml/functions/shared_module.yaml
@@ -39,3 +39,5 @@ kwargs:
     description: |
       Specify a Microsoft module definition file for controlling symbol exports,
       etc., on platforms where that is possible (e.g. Windows).
+
+      *(Since 1.3.0)* indexes of custom_target are supported
diff --git a/mesonbuild/backend/ninjabackend.py b/mesonbuild/backend/ninjabackend.py
index 3ddc197aece7..e747d8368219 100644
--- a/mesonbuild/backend/ninjabackend.py
+++ b/mesonbuild/backend/ninjabackend.py
@@ -3250,6 +3250,8 @@ def get_target_type_link_args(self, target, linker):
                 commands += linker.gen_import_library_args(self.get_import_filename(target))
             if target.pie:
                 commands += linker.get_pie_link_args()
+            if target.vs_module_defs and hasattr(linker, 'gen_vs_module_defs_args'):
+                commands += linker.gen_vs_module_defs_args(target.vs_module_defs.rel_to_builddir(self.build_to_src))
         elif isinstance(target, build.SharedLibrary):
             if isinstance(target, build.SharedModule):
                 commands += linker.get_std_shared_module_link_args(target.get_options())
diff --git a/mesonbuild/backend/vs2010backend.py b/mesonbuild/backend/vs2010backend.py
index 0a382be22551..20ee36ebaed9 100644
--- a/mesonbuild/backend/vs2010backend.py
+++ b/mesonbuild/backend/vs2010backend.py
@@ -1575,7 +1575,7 @@ def add_non_makefile_vcxproj_elements(
             # DLLs built with MSVC always have an import library except when
             # they're data-only DLLs, but we don't support those yet.
             ET.SubElement(link, 'ImportLibrary').text = target.get_import_filename()
-        if isinstance(target, build.SharedLibrary):
+        if isinstance(target, (build.SharedLibrary, build.Executable)):
             # Add module definitions file, if provided
             if target.vs_module_defs:
                 relpath = os.path.join(down, target.vs_module_defs.rel_to_builddir(self.build_to_src))
diff --git a/mesonbuild/build.py b/mesonbuild/build.py
index 24d2a7fa451a..3e1139dc9d6c 100644
--- a/mesonbuild/build.py
+++ b/mesonbuild/build.py
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
     rust_kwargs |
     cs_kwargs)
 
-known_exe_kwargs = known_build_target_kwargs | {'implib', 'export_dynamic', 'pie'}
+known_exe_kwargs = known_build_target_kwargs | {'implib', 'export_dynamic', 'pie', 'vs_module_defs'}
 known_shlib_kwargs = known_build_target_kwargs | {'version', 'soversion', 'vs_module_defs', 'darwin_versions'}
 known_shmod_kwargs = known_build_target_kwargs | {'vs_module_defs'}
 known_stlib_kwargs = known_build_target_kwargs | {'pic', 'prelink'}
@@ -1688,6 +1688,26 @@ def check_module_linking(self):
                                      'use shared_library() with `override_options: [\'b_lundef=false\']` instead.')
                     link_target.force_soname = True
 
+    def process_vs_module_defs_kw(self, kwargs: T.Dict[str, T.Any]) -> None:
+        if kwargs.get('vs_module_defs') is not None:
+            path: T.Union[str, File, CustomTarget, CustomTargetIndex] = kwargs['vs_module_defs']
+            if isinstance(path, str):
+                if os.path.isabs(path):
+                    self.vs_module_defs = File.from_absolute_file(path)
+                else:
+                    self.vs_module_defs = File.from_source_file(self.environment.source_dir, self.subdir, path)
+            elif isinstance(path, File):
+                # When passing a generated file.
+                self.vs_module_defs = path
+            elif isinstance(path, (CustomTarget, CustomTargetIndex)):
+                # When passing output of a Custom Target
+                self.vs_module_defs = File.from_built_file(path.get_subdir(), path.get_filename())
+            else:
+                raise InvalidArguments(
+                    'Shared library vs_module_defs must be either a string, '
+                    'a file object or a Custom Target')
+            self.process_link_depends(path)
+
 class FileInTargetPrivateDir:
     """Represents a file with the path '/path/to/build/target_private_dir/fname'.
        target_private_dir is the return value of get_target_private_dir which is e.g. 'subdir/target.p'.
@@ -1911,6 +1931,9 @@ def __init__(
         # Remember that this exe was returned by `find_program()` through an override
         self.was_returned_by_find_program = False
 
+        self.vs_module_defs: T.Optional[File] = None
+        self.process_vs_module_defs_kw(kwargs)
+
     def post_init(self) -> None:
         super().post_init()
         machine = self.environment.machines[self.for_machine]
@@ -2373,24 +2396,7 @@ def process_kwargs(self, kwargs):
                 self.darwin_versions = 2 * [self.soversion]
 
         # Visual Studio module-definitions file
-        if kwargs.get('vs_module_defs') is not None:
-            path = kwargs['vs_module_defs']
-            if isinstance(path, str):
-                if os.path.isabs(path):
-                    self.vs_module_defs = File.from_absolute_file(path)
-                else:
-                    self.vs_module_defs = File.from_source_file(self.environment.source_dir, self.subdir, path)
-            elif isinstance(path, File):
-                # When passing a generated file.
-                self.vs_module_defs = path
-            elif isinstance(path, (CustomTarget, CustomTargetIndex)):
-                # When passing output of a Custom Target
-                self.vs_module_defs = File.from_built_file(path.get_subdir(), path.get_filename())
-            else:
-                raise InvalidArguments(
-                    'Shared library vs_module_defs must be either a string, '
-                    'a file object or a Custom Target')
-            self.process_link_depends(path)
+        self.process_vs_module_defs_kw(kwargs)
 
         if 'rust_crate_type' in kwargs:
             rust_crate_type = kwargs['rust_crate_type']
diff --git a/mesonbuild/interpreter/kwargs.py b/mesonbuild/interpreter/kwargs.py
index b77c5253e963..ceb982c695a9 100644
--- a/mesonbuild/interpreter/kwargs.py
+++ b/mesonbuild/interpreter/kwargs.py
@@ -329,6 +329,7 @@ class _BuildTarget(_BaseBuildTarget):
 class Executable(_BuildTarget):
 
     gui_app: T.Optional[bool]
+    vs_module_def: T.Optional[T.Union[str, File, build.CustomTarget, build.CustomTargetIndex]]
     win_subsystem: T.Optional[str]
 
 
diff --git a/mesonbuild/interpreter/type_checking.py b/mesonbuild/interpreter/type_checking.py
index c39916abb2b8..0e4503d69276 100644
--- a/mesonbuild/interpreter/type_checking.py
+++ b/mesonbuild/interpreter/type_checking.py
@@ -519,6 +519,7 @@ def _validate_win_subsystem(value: T.Optional[str]) -> T.Optional[str]:
 EXECUTABLE_KWS = [
     *_BUILD_TARGET_KWS,
     *_EXCLUSIVE_EXECUTABLE_KWS,
+    _VS_MODULE_DEF_KW.evolve(since='1.3.0', since_values=None),
 ]
 
 # Arguments exclusive to StaticLibrary. These are separated to make integrating
diff --git a/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/exe.def b/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/exe.def
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..869ca5d9bc85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/exe.def	
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+EXPORTS
+    thisfunc
diff --git a/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/meson.build b/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/meson.build
index 7728ca77a050..fd064420d740 100644
--- a/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/meson.build	
+++ b/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/meson.build	
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 project('generated_dll_module_defs', 'c')
 
 subdir('subdir')
-exe = executable('prog', 'prog.c', link_with : shlib)
+exe = executable('prog', 'prog.c', link_with : shlib, vs_module_defs : 'exe.def')
 test('runtest', exe)
diff --git a/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/prog.c b/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/prog.c
index 066ac227a717..4466a8c85935 100644
--- a/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/prog.c	
+++ b/test cases/windows/9 vs module defs generated/prog.c	
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 int somedllfunc(void);
 
+int exefunc(void) {
+    return 42;
+}
+
 int main(void) {
-    return somedllfunc() == 42 ? 0 : 1;
+    return somedllfunc() == exefunc() ? 0 : 1;
 }