diff --git a/.drone.yml b/.drone.yml
index 40c656c7..8dfa8f57 100644
--- a/.drone.yml
+++ b/.drone.yml
@@ -1,52 +1,7 @@
 ---
 kind: pipeline
 type: docker
-name: mpn:latest
-
-platform:
-  os: linux
-  arch: amd64
-
-steps:
-- name: pull
-  image: omerxx/drone-ecr-auth
-  commands:
-  - $(aws ecr get-login --no-include-email --region us-east-1)
-  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:latest
-  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-3.6:latest
-  volumes:
-  - name: docker.sock
-    path: /var/run/docker.sock
-
-- name: "Check package: R 4.0"
-  pull: never
-  image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:latest
-  commands:
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'never'"'"')'
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::check(env_vars = c("NOT_CRAN" = "true"))'
-
-
-- name: "Check package: R 3.6"
-  pull: never
-  image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-3.6:latest
-  commands:
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'never'"'"')'
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::check(env_vars = c("NOT_CRAN" = "true"))'
-
-volumes:
-- name: docker.sock
-  host:
-    path: /var/run/docker.sock
-
-trigger:
-  event:
-    exclude:
-    - promote
-
----
-kind: pipeline
-type: docker
-name: mpn:oldest
+name: cran-latest
 
 platform:
   os: linux
@@ -55,114 +10,50 @@ platform:
 steps:
 - name: pull
   image: omerxx/drone-ecr-auth
-  commands:
+  commands: 
   - $(aws ecr get-login --no-include-email --region us-east-1)
-  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:2020-06-08
-  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-3.6:2020-06-08
+  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-3.6:cran-latest
+  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:cran-latest
+  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.1:cran-latest
   volumes:
   - name: docker.sock
     path: /var/run/docker.sock
 
-- name: "Check package: R 4.0"
-  pull: never
-  image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:2020-06-08
-  commands:
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'never'"'"')'
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::check(env_vars = c("NOT_CRAN" = "true"))'
-
 - name: "Check package: R 3.6"
   pull: never
-  image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-3.6:2020-06-08
+  image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-3.6:cran-latest
   commands:
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'never'"'"')'
+  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'always'"'"', dependencies=TRUE)'
   - R -s -e 'devtools::check(env_vars = c("NOT_CRAN" = "true"))'
-
-volumes:
-- name: docker.sock
-  host:
-    path: /var/run/docker.sock
-
-trigger:
-  event:
-    exclude:
-    - promote
-
----
-kind: pipeline
-type: docker
-name: cran-latest
-
-platform:
-  os: linux
-  arch: amd64
-
-steps:
-- name: pull
-  image: omerxx/drone-ecr-auth
-  commands:
-  - $(aws ecr get-login --no-include-email --region us-east-1)
-  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:cran-latest
-  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-3.6:cran-latest
+  environment:
+    USER: drone
   volumes:
-  - name: docker.sock
-    path: /var/run/docker.sock
+  - name: cache
+    path: /ephemeral
 
 - name: "Check package: R 4.0"
   pull: never
   image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:cran-latest
   commands:
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'always'"'"')'
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::load_all(); sessioninfo::session_info()'
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::check(env_vars = c("NOT_CRAN" = "true"))'
-
-- name: "Check package: R 3.6"
-  pull: never
-  image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-3.6:cran-latest
-  commands:
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'always'"'"')'
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::load_all(); sessioninfo::session_info()'
+  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'always'"'"', dependencies=TRUE)'
   - R -s -e 'devtools::check(env_vars = c("NOT_CRAN" = "true"))'
-
-volumes:
-- name: docker.sock
-  host:
-    path: /var/run/docker.sock
-
-trigger:
-  event:
-    exclude:
-    - promote
-
----
-kind: pipeline
-type: docker
-name: coverage
-
-platform:
-  os: linux
-  arch: amd64
-
-steps:
-- name: pull
-  image: omerxx/drone-ecr-auth
-  commands:
-  - $(aws ecr get-login --no-include-email --region us-east-1)
-  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:latest
+  environment:
+    USER: drone
   volumes:
-  - name: docker.sock
-    path: /var/run/docker.sock
-
+  - name: cache
+    path: /ephemeral
 
-- name: Code coverage
+- name: "Check package: R 4.1"
   pull: never
-  image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:latest
+  image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.1:cran-latest
   commands:
-  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'never'"'"')'
-  - R -s -e 'covr::codecov()'
+  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'always'"'"', dependencies=TRUE)'
+  - R -s -e 'devtools::check(env_vars = c("NOT_CRAN" = "true"))'
   environment:
-    CODECOV_TOKEN:
-      from_secret: CODECOV_TOKEN
-    NOT_CRAN: true
+    USER: drone
+  volumes:
+  - name: cache
+    path: /ephemeral
 
 volumes:
 - name: docker.sock
@@ -176,13 +67,10 @@ trigger:
     exclude:
     - promote
 
-depends_on:
-- mpn:latest
-- cran-latest
 ---
 kind: pipeline
 type: docker
-name: release
+name: pmtables-release
 
 platform:
   os: linux
@@ -193,21 +81,20 @@ steps:
   image: omerxx/drone-ecr-auth
   commands:
   - $(aws ecr get-login --no-include-email --region us-east-1)
-  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:latest
+  - docker pull 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.1:latest
   volumes:
   - name: docker.sock
     path: /var/run/docker.sock
 
 - name: Build package
   pull: never
-  image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.0:latest
+  image: 906087756158.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/r-dev-ci-mpn-4.1:latest
   commands:
   - git config --global user.email drone@metrumrg.com
   - git config --global user.name Drony
   - git fetch --tags
+  - R -s -e 'devtools::install_deps(upgrade = '"'"'always'"'"', dependencies=TRUE)'
   - R -s -e 'pkgpub::create_tagged_repo(.dir = '"'"'/ephemeral'"'"')'
-  environment:
-    NOT_CRAN: true
   volumes:
   - name: cache
     path: /ephemeral
@@ -248,6 +135,4 @@ trigger:
   - tag
 
 depends_on:
-- mpn:latest
-- mpn:oldest
 - cran-latest
diff --git a/DESCRIPTION b/DESCRIPTION
index 17929aba..681368ae 100644
--- a/DESCRIPTION
+++ b/DESCRIPTION
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 Package: pmtables
 Type: Package
 Title: Tables for Pharmacometrics
-Version: 0.4.0
+Version: 0.4.1
 Authors@R: 
     c(
     person(given = "Kyle",
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ Suggests: testthat, yaml, fs, texPreview
 Encoding: UTF-8
 Language: en-US
 LazyData: true
-RoxygenNote: 7.1.1
+RoxygenNote: 7.1.2
 Roxygen: list(markdown = TRUE)
 VignetteBuilder: knitr
 Collate: 
diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
index acd44af0..3fc6311f 100644
--- a/NEWS.md
+++ b/NEWS.md
@@ -1,3 +1,19 @@
+# pmtables 0.4.1
+
+- `colgroup()` (and `st_span()`) gains an `align` argument to position
+  the spanner title on left or right in addition to the center (default)
+  #260, #261.
+
+- `rowpanel()` (and `st_panel()`) gains `jut`argument to push non-panel
+  table contents to the right relative to the panel header row so that
+  contents under the panel header are indented #251, #253. 
+
+- Panel header rows are now modified so that the header row stays
+  with the first non-header row for longtable output #252, #253.
+
+- Consistent `BQL` / `BLQ` handling for column titles and table 
+  notes for `pt_data_inventory()` #254, #255. 
+
 # pmtables 0.4.0
 
 - Add `cols_omit` option to omit column header data  (#213)
@@ -11,7 +27,7 @@
 - Add `hline` argument to `rowgroup()` constructor to make the horizontal line
   above the panel data optional (#215)
 
-- Refactor `pt_data_inventory()` to calculate percent BLQ using denomninator
+- Refactor `pt_data_inventory()` to calculate percent BLQ using denominator
   that is the sum of the number of observations BLQ and non-BLQ / non-missing
   (#221, #222)
 
diff --git a/R/AAAA.R b/R/AAAA.R
index ff3755af..2ac50004 100644
--- a/R/AAAA.R
+++ b/R/AAAA.R
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ NULL
 
 # GLOBAL object
 .internal <- new.env(parent = emptyenv())
+.internal$marker.panel <- "%--pmtables-insert-panel"
 
 .onLoad <- function(libname, pkgname) {
   st_reset_knit_deps()
diff --git a/R/data_inventory_table.R b/R/data_inventory_table.R
index 4a7c7f77..305124fb 100644
--- a/R/data_inventory_table.R
+++ b/R/data_inventory_table.R
@@ -221,18 +221,18 @@ pt_data_study <- function(data, study_col = "STUDY", panel = study_col, ...) {
 #'
 #' @inheritParams pt_cont_long
 #'
-#' @param by the outer grouping variable; may be character or quosure
-#' @param panel the panel grouping variable; may be character or quosure
-#' @param inner_summary if `TRUE`, then a summary of the inner variable will
-#' be provided
-#' @param drop_miss if `TRUE`, then `MISS` will be dropped, but only when all
-#' `MISS` values are equal to zero
-#' @param stacked if `TRUE`, then independent summaries are created by `outer`
-#' and included in a single table (see examples)
-#' @param dv_col character name of `DV` column
-#' @param bq_col character name of `BQL` column; see [find_bq_col()]
-#' @param id_col character name of `ID` column
-#' @param ... other arguments passed to [data_inventory_chunk()]
+#' @param by The outer grouping variable; may be character or quosure.
+#' @param panel The panel grouping variable; may be character or quosure.
+#' @param inner_summary If `TRUE`, then a summary of the inner variable will
+#' be provided.
+#' @param drop_miss If `TRUE`, then `MISS` will be dropped, but only when all
+#' `MISS` values are equal to zero.
+#' @param stacked If `TRUE`, then independent summaries are created by `outer`
+#' and included in a single table (see examples).
+#' @param dv_col Character name of `DV` column.
+#' @param bq_col Character name of `BQL` column; see [find_bq_col()].
+#' @param id_col Character name of `ID` column.
+#' @param ... Other arguments passed to [data_inventory_chunk()].
 #'
 #'
 #' @details
@@ -303,7 +303,8 @@ pt_data_inventory <- function(data, by = ".total", panel = by,
                               all_name = "all",
                               dv_col = "DV",
                               bq_col = find_bq_col(data),
-                              id_col = "ID", ...) {
+                              id_col = "ID",
+                              ...) {
 
   has_panel <- !missing(panel)
   panel_data <- as.panel(panel)
@@ -375,6 +376,10 @@ pt_data_inventory <- function(data, by = ".total", panel = by,
     Number.BQL = .data[["NBQL"]]
   )
 
+  if(bq_col == "BLQ") {
+    names(ans) <- gsub(".BQL", ".BLQ", names(ans), fixed = TRUE)
+  }
+
   if(isTRUE(drop_miss)) {
     ans <- mutate(ans, Number.MISS = NULL)
   }
@@ -382,7 +387,7 @@ pt_data_inventory <- function(data, by = ".total", panel = by,
   ans <- mutate(ans,.total = NULL)
   out <- ans
 
-  notes <- pt_data_inventory_notes()
+  notes <- pt_data_inventory_notes(bq = bq_col, drop_bql = drop_bql)
 
   if(isTRUE(drop_miss)) notes <- notes[!grepl("MISS", notes)]
 
@@ -421,18 +426,34 @@ pt_data_inventory <- function(data, by = ".total", panel = by,
 
 #' Return table notes for pt_data_inventory
 #'
-#' See [pt_data_inventory()].
+#' See [pt_data_inventory()]. The function generates standard table notes for
+#' the table.
 #'
-#' @param note_add additional notes to include
+#' @param bq Abbreviation for below limit of quantification.
+#' @param drop_bql If `TRUE`, the `BQL`/`BLQ` summary is omitted.
+#' @param note_add Additional notes to be include.
+
 #'
 #' @export
-pt_data_inventory_notes <- function(note_add = NULL) {
+pt_data_inventory_notes <- function(bq = c("BQL", "BLQ"), drop_bql = FALSE, note_add = NULL) {
+  l2 <- NULL
+  l3 <- "MISS: missing observations"
+  if(isFALSE(drop_bql)) {
+    bq <- match.arg(bq)
+    if(bq=="BQL") {
+      l2 <- "BQL: below quantification limit"
+    }
+    if(bq=="BLQ") {
+      l2 <- "BLQ: below limit of quantification"
+    }
+    l3 <- paste0(l3, " (non-", bq, ")")
+  }
   ans <- note_add
   ans <- c(
     ans,
     "SUBJ: subjects",
-    "BQL: below quantitation limit",
-    "MISS: missing observations (not BQL)",
+    l2,
+    l3,
     "OBS: observations"
   )
   ans
diff --git a/R/discrete_table.R b/R/discrete_table.R
index 0f748336..95bcb900 100644
--- a/R/discrete_table.R
+++ b/R/discrete_table.R
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ cat_data <- function(data, cols, by = ".total", panel = by,
     ans[["N"]] <- NULL
     ans <- pivot_wider(
       ans,
-      names_from = by,
+      names_from = all_of(unname(by)),
       values_from = "summary",
       names_sep = '_._'
     )
diff --git a/R/table-long.R b/R/table-long.R
index 7328eeaa..a3f14aab 100644
--- a/R/table-long.R
+++ b/R/table-long.R
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
-head <- '
-\\endhead
-\\hline
-\\multicolumn{<nc>}{r}{<lt_continue>}
-\\endfoot
-\\hline
-\\endlastfoot
-'
+
+longtable_head <- function(multicol) {
+  c("\\endhead", "\\hline", multicol, "\\endfoot", "\\hline", "\\endlastfoot")
+}
 
 ltcaption <- function(macro = "", text = "", short = "", label = "") {
   if(identical(c(macro, text, short), c("", "", ""))) {
@@ -42,6 +38,12 @@ longtable_notes <- function(notes) {
 
 #' Create longtable output from an R data frame
 #'
+#' Use this function to allow your table to span multiple pages, with a
+#' "to be continued" statement at the bottom of each page. There are important
+#' differences between this `longtable` environment and the `tabular`
+#' environment that is used to generate tables from [stable()]. See the
+#' `details` section for more information.
+#'
 #' @inheritParams tab_notes
 #' @param data an object to render as a long table; this could be a `data.frame`,
 #' a `pmtable` object or an `stobject`; when passing in a `data.frame`, the data
@@ -57,6 +59,30 @@ longtable_notes <- function(notes) {
 #' @param lt_cap_label table label for use in latex document
 #' @param lt_continue longtable continuation message
 #'
+#' @details
+#'
+#' To create `longtable` output, `pmtables` first passes the data frame
+#' through [stable()] and then modifies the output to create a table in
+#' `longtable` environment. The `...` arguments to [stable_long()] are passed
+#' to [stable()] and can be used to configure the table. One important difference
+#' between `tablular` and `longtable` environments is that captions need to
+#' get inserted **inside** the `longtable` environment; this is why you see
+#' several additional arguments for [stable_long()].
+#'
+#' You may have to run `pdflatex` on your `longtable` more than once to get the
+#' table to render properly; this is not unexpected behavior for `longtable`.
+#'
+#' If you have panels in your table, the default is to prevent page breaks
+#' right after the panel title row using the `\\*` command in the `longtable`
+#' package. This shouldn't need to be changed by the user, but if needed this
+#' can be suppressed by adding `nopagebreak = FALSE` when calling [as.panel()]
+#' or [rowpanel()].
+#'
+#' @return A character vector with the TeX code for the table with `class`
+#' attribute set to `stable_long` and `stable`.
+#'
+#' @examples
+#' stable_long(stdata())
 #'
 #' @export
 stable_long <- function(data, ...) UseMethod("stable_long")
@@ -87,11 +113,17 @@ stable_long.data.frame <- function(data,
   row_space <- gluet("\\renewcommand{\\arraystretch}{<x$sizes$row_space>}")
   col_space <- gluet("\\setlength{\\tabcolsep}{<x$sizes$col_space>pt} ")
 
-  nc <- x$nc
-  head <- gluet(head)
+  n_col <- x$nc
+  continued <- gluet("\\multicolumn{<n_col>}{r}{<lt_continue>}")
+  head <- longtable_head(continued)
 
   lt_notes <- longtable_notes(x$mini_notes)
 
+  # Put stars on panel rows for long tables
+  if(!x$panel$null && x$panel$nopagebreak) {
+    x$tab <- tab_panel_star(x$tab)
+  }
+
   longtab <- c(
     x$sizes$font_size$start,
     row_space,
diff --git a/R/table-panel.R b/R/table-panel.R
index 9a2bd2a1..2215ed19 100644
--- a/R/table-panel.R
+++ b/R/table-panel.R
@@ -15,6 +15,14 @@
 #' @param it render panel title in italic font face
 #' @param hline logical indicating whether or not to draw an `hline` above
 #' the panel row; the first panel row never receives an `hline`
+#' @param jut amount (in TeX `ex` units) by which the panel headers are
+#' outdented from the first column in the main table and header. Consider
+#' using a value of `2` for a clear offset.
+#' @param nopagebreak if `TRUE` (the default) then the page will not break
+#' immediately after a panel title _when creating a longtable_; this argument
+#' does nothing if you are not generating a `longtable`. Set to `FALSE` to
+#' prevent the `nopagebreak` command (implemented as `*`) in the longtable
+#' output.
 #'
 #' @seealso [as.panel()]
 #'
@@ -22,7 +30,8 @@
 rowpanel <- function(col = NULL, prefix = "", skip = ".panel.skip.",
                      prefix_name = FALSE,
                      prefix_skip = NULL, duplicates_ok = FALSE,
-                     bold = TRUE, it = FALSE, hline = TRUE) {
+                     bold = TRUE, it = FALSE, hline = TRUE,
+                     jut = 0, nopagebreak = TRUE) {
   null <- FALSE
   if(is.null(col)) {
     col <- NULL
@@ -31,10 +40,13 @@ rowpanel <- function(col = NULL, prefix = "", skip = ".panel.skip.",
   } else {
     col <- new_names(col)
   }
+  assert_that(is.numeric(jut))
+  assert_that(is.character(skip))
   ans <- list(
     col = col, prefix = prefix, prefix_name = isTRUE(prefix_name),
     prefix_skip = prefix_skip, null = null, dup_err = !isTRUE(duplicates_ok),
-    bold = isTRUE(bold), it = isTRUE(it), skip = skip, hline = isTRUE(hline)
+    bold = isTRUE(bold), it = isTRUE(it), skip = skip, hline = isTRUE(hline),
+    jut = jut, nopagebreak = isTRUE(nopagebreak)
   )
   structure(ans, class = "rowpanel")
 }
@@ -109,7 +121,7 @@ panel_by <- function(data, x) {
       "panel labels are duplicated; ",
       "please sort the data frame by the panel column ",
       "or set duplicates_ok to TRUE",
-      call.=FALSE
+      call. = FALSE
     )
   }
   prefix <- rep(prefix, length(lab))
@@ -142,15 +154,16 @@ tab_panel <- function(data, panel, sumrows) {
     ins$data <- data
     return(ins)
   }
-  require_col(data,panel$col,context = "panel column input name")
+  require_col(data,panel$col, context = "panel column input name")
   assert_that(
     ncol(data) > 1,
     msg = "must have more than one column to use 'panel' option"
   )
-  paneln <- match(panel$col,names(data))
+  paneln <- match(panel$col, names(data))
   if(any(is.na(paneln))) {
     stop("panel column not found: ", squote(panel$col), call.=FALSE)
   }
+  data[[paneln]] <- as.character(data[[paneln]])
   data[[paneln]] <- replace_na(data[[paneln]],"")
   # check summary rows
   if(!is.null(sumrows)) {
@@ -171,10 +184,22 @@ tab_panel_insert <- function(tab, panel_insert) {
   insrt_vec(
     vec = tab,
     where = panel_insert$insert_row,
-    nw = panel_insert$insert_data
+    nw = tab_panel_mark(panel_insert$insert_data)
   )
 }
 
+tab_panel_marker <- function() {
+  .internal$marker.panel
+}
 
+tab_panel_mark <- function(x) {
+  paste0(x, tab_panel_marker())
+}
 
-
+tab_panel_star <- function(x) {
+  marker <- tab_panel_marker()
+  where <- grepl(marker, x, fixed = TRUE)
+  if(!any(where)) return(x)
+  x[where] <- sub(marker, paste0("*", marker), x[where], fixed = TRUE)
+  x
+}
diff --git a/R/table-span.R b/R/table-span.R
index 2fb9f427..c821e8b7 100644
--- a/R/table-span.R
+++ b/R/table-span.R
@@ -11,15 +11,18 @@
 #' @param sep character; the separator used for finding column groupings
 #' @param title_side which side of the split should be taken as the `title`?
 #' defaults to left (`.l`) but can also take the right (`.r`) side of the split
+#' @param align justify the span title to the center, left or right
 #' @return an object with class `colgroup`
 #' @export
 colgroup <- function(title = NULL, vars = c(), level = 1, sep = ".",
-                     split = FALSE, title_side = c(".l", ".r")) {
+                     split = FALSE, title_side = c(".l", ".r"),
+                     align = c("c", "l", "r")) {
 
   if(isTRUE(split)) {
     ans <- colsplit(
       title = title,
       level = level,
+      align = align,
       sep = sep,
       split = TRUE,
       title_side = title_side
@@ -32,6 +35,7 @@ colgroup <- function(title = NULL, vars = c(), level = 1, sep = ".",
   ans <- list(
     title = title,
     level = level,
+    align = match.arg(align),
     vars = enquo(vars),
     split = split,
     sep = sep,
@@ -47,7 +51,7 @@ as.span <- colgroup
 #' @rdname colgroup
 #' @export
 colsplit <- function(sep, level = 1, split = TRUE, title = NULL,
-                     title_side = c(".l", ".r")) {
+                     title_side = c(".l", ".r"), align = c("c", "l", "r")) {
   assert_that(is.null(title) || is.list(title))
   if(is.list(title)) {
     assert_that(is_named(title))
@@ -59,6 +63,7 @@ colsplit <- function(sep, level = 1, split = TRUE, title = NULL,
       title = title,
       level = level,
       split = split,
+      align = match.arg(align),
       sep = sep,
       gather = FALSE,
       tagn = tagn
@@ -84,28 +89,29 @@ process_colgroup <- function(x,cols) {
       coln = eval_select(x$vars, data = cols),
       col = names(cols)[.data[["coln"]]],
       newcol = col,
-      title = x$title
+      title = x$title,
+      align = x$align
     )
   ans <- mutate(ans, level = x$level)
   ans
 }
 
-fill_nospan <- function(span,cols) {
+fill_nospan <- function(span, cols) {
   nc <- length(cols)
   row_fill <- setdiff(seq(nc), span$coln)
-  tbl <- tibble(
+  non_span <- tibble(
     coln = row_fill,
     col = cols[.data[["coln"]]],
     newcol = col,
-    title = ""
+    title = "",
+    align = 'c' # placeholder only
   )
-  ans <- bind_rows(span,tbl)
-  ans <- arrange(ans,.data[["coln"]])
+  ans <- bind_rows(span, non_span)
+  ans <- arrange(ans, .data[["coln"]])
   ans <- mutate(
     ans,
     flg = chunk_runs(.data[["title"]]),
-    align = 'c',
-    level=span$level[1]
+    level = span$level[1]
   )
   ans
 }
@@ -122,7 +128,7 @@ combine_spans <- function(..., cols) {
   all
 }
 
-find_span_split <- function(cols,xsp) {
+find_span_split <- function(cols, xsp) {
   x <- str_split(cols, fixed(xsp$sep), n = 2)
 
   sp <- list(
@@ -144,7 +150,7 @@ find_span_split <- function(cols,xsp) {
   spans <- mutate(
     spans,
     tag = ifelse(col == .data[["newcol"]], "", .data[["tag"]]),
-    align = 'c'
+    align = ifelse(.data[["tag"]] == "", "c", xsp$align[1])
   )
   spans <- mutate(spans, flg = chunk_runs(.data[["tag"]]))
   spans[["tagf"]] <- NULL
@@ -191,11 +197,12 @@ find_span_split <- function(cols,xsp) {
 #'
 #' @inheritParams stable
 #' @inheritParams tab_cols
-#' @param span_split not implemented at this time; ; see also [st_span_split()]
+#' @param span_split a `colsplit` object ; ; see also [st_span_split()]
 #' @param cols a character vector of column names
 #' @param span_title_break a character sequence indicating where to split the
 #' title across multiple lines
 #' @param ... not used
+#' @seealso [colgroup()], [colsplit()], [st_span()], [st_span_split()]
 #' @export
 tab_spanners <- function(data, cols = NULL, span = NULL, span_split = NULL,
                          span_title_break = "...", sizes = tab_size(), ...) {
@@ -207,15 +214,23 @@ tab_spanners <- function(data, cols = NULL, span = NULL, span_split = NULL,
   } else {
     if(is.colgroup(span)) span <- list(span)
     assert_that(is.list(span))
+    assert_that(
+      all(map_lgl(span, is.colgroup)),
+      msg = "All objects passed under `span` must have class `colgroup`."
+    )
     span <- map(span, process_colgroup, cols = cols)
   }
 
-  do_span_split <- is.colsplit(span_split)
+  if(!is.null(span_split)) {
+    assert_that(is.colsplit(span_split))
+  }
 
   spans_from_split <- NULL
+  all_span_tex <- NULL
+  all_spans <- NULL
 
-  if(do_span_split) {
-    spans <- find_span_split(cols,span_split)
+  if(is.colsplit(span_split)) {
+    spans <- find_span_split(cols, span_split)
     if(isTRUE(spans$any)) {
       data <- data[,spans$recol]
       cols <- spans$data$newcol
@@ -223,9 +238,6 @@ tab_spanners <- function(data, cols = NULL, span = NULL, span_split = NULL,
     }
   }
 
-  all_span_tex <- NULL
-  all_spans <- NULL
-
   if(length(span) > 0 || length(spans_from_split) > 0) {
 
     all_spans <- combine_spans(span, spans_from_split, cols = cols)
@@ -263,10 +275,11 @@ span_header_box <- function(x, title_break = "...", header_space = -0.5) {
   nr <- nrow(box)
 
   ncols <- map_int(x, ~ nrow(.x))
+  align <- map_chr(x, ~ .x$align[1])
 
   for(i in seq_along(ncols)) {
     length <- ncols[[i]]
-    box[[i]] <- gluet("\\multicolumn{<length>}{c}{<box[[i]]>}")
+    box[[i]] <- gluet("\\multicolumn{<length>}{<align[[i]]>}{<box[[i]]>}")
   }
 
   box <- apply(box, MARGIN = 1, FUN = form_tex_cols)
diff --git a/R/table-stable.R b/R/table-stable.R
index 85905c51..7bb5f962 100644
--- a/R/table-stable.R
+++ b/R/table-stable.R
@@ -216,17 +216,26 @@ stable.data.frame <- function(data,
   # add hlines
   tab <- tab_add_hlines(tab, add_hlines, sumrows)
 
+  # indent if paneled
+  tab <- indent_tex(tab, panel$jut)
+
   # execute panel insertions
   tab <- tab_panel_insert(tab, panel_insert)
 
+  # Table header
+  head_rows <- form_headrows(
+    span_data,
+    cols_tex,
+    cols_data,
+    indent = panel$jut
+  )
+
   # notes
   note_data <- tab_notes(notes, escape_fun = escape_fun,  ...)
 
   row_space <- gluet("\\renewcommand{\\arraystretch}{<sizes$row_space>}")
   col_space <- gluet("\\setlength{\\tabcolsep}{<sizes$col_space>pt} ")
 
-  head_rows <- form_headrows(span_data, cols_tex, cols_data)
-
   out <- c(
     sizes$font_size$start,
     col_space,
diff --git a/R/table-tabular.R b/R/table-tabular.R
index 507a307c..ff2f0f02 100644
--- a/R/table-tabular.R
+++ b/R/table-tabular.R
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ form_open <- function(align) {
 }
 
 # all the rows above top headline for rows
-form_headrows <- function(span_data, cols_tex, cols_data) {
+form_headrows <- function(span_data, cols_tex, cols_data, indent = 0) {
   hl1 <-  hl2 <- "\\hline"
   if(cols_data$omit) {
     cols_tex <- NULL
@@ -119,5 +119,10 @@ form_headrows <- function(span_data, cols_tex, cols_data) {
       hl2 <- NULL
     }
   }
-  c(hl1, span_data$tex, cols_tex, hl2)
+  ans <- c(span_data$tex, cols_tex)
+  if(indent > 0) {
+    ans <- indent_tex(ans, indent)
+  }
+  c(hl1, ans, hl2)
 }
+
diff --git a/R/table-utils.R b/R/table-utils.R
index 09ead159..4e4a06ef 100644
--- a/R/table-utils.R
+++ b/R/table-utils.R
@@ -165,3 +165,9 @@ paste_units <- function(cols, units) {
   }
   cols
 }
+
+indent_tex <- function(x, n) {
+  if(n == 0) return(x)
+  prefix <- paste0("\\hskip ", n, "ex ")
+  paste0(prefix, x)
+}
diff --git a/man/colgroup.Rd b/man/colgroup.Rd
index b397ceb5..5603e491 100644
--- a/man/colgroup.Rd
+++ b/man/colgroup.Rd
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ colgroup(
   level = 1,
   sep = ".",
   split = FALSE,
-  title_side = c(".l", ".r")
+  title_side = c(".l", ".r"),
+  align = c("c", "l", "r")
 )
 
 as.span(
@@ -23,7 +24,8 @@ as.span(
   level = 1,
   sep = ".",
   split = FALSE,
-  title_side = c(".l", ".r")
+  title_side = c(".l", ".r"),
+  align = c("c", "l", "r")
 )
 
 colsplit(
@@ -31,7 +33,8 @@ colsplit(
   level = 1,
   split = TRUE,
   title = NULL,
-  title_side = c(".l", ".r")
+  title_side = c(".l", ".r"),
+  align = c("c", "l", "r")
 )
 
 is.colgroup(x)
@@ -54,6 +57,8 @@ splitting columns names on a separator}
 \item{title_side}{which side of the split should be taken as the \code{title}?
 defaults to left (\code{.l}) but can also take the right (\code{.r}) side of the split}
 
+\item{align}{justify the span title to the center, left or right}
+
 \item{x}{an R object}
 }
 \value{
diff --git a/man/data_inventory_chunk.Rd b/man/data_inventory_chunk.Rd
index 1e4841fc..369343db 100644
--- a/man/data_inventory_chunk.Rd
+++ b/man/data_inventory_chunk.Rd
@@ -22,22 +22,22 @@ data_inventory_chunk(
 so that \code{data} contains exactly the records to be summarized; pmtables will
 not add or remove rows prior to summarizing \code{data}}
 
-\item{by}{the outer grouping variable; may be character or quosure}
+\item{by}{The outer grouping variable; may be character or quosure.}
 
-\item{panel}{the panel grouping variable; may be character or quosure}
+\item{panel}{The panel grouping variable; may be character or quosure.}
 
-\item{stacked}{if \code{TRUE}, then independent summaries are created by \code{outer}
-and included in a single table (see examples)}
+\item{stacked}{If \code{TRUE}, then independent summaries are created by \code{outer}
+and included in a single table (see examples).}
 
 \item{tot}{logical indicating if a summary row should be included}
 
 \item{all_name}{a name to use for the complete data summary}
 
-\item{dv_col}{character name of \code{DV} column}
+\item{dv_col}{Character name of \code{DV} column.}
 
-\item{bq_col}{character name of \code{BQL} column; see \code{\link[=find_bq_col]{find_bq_col()}}}
+\item{bq_col}{Character name of \code{BQL} column; see \code{\link[=find_bq_col]{find_bq_col()}}.}
 
-\item{id_col}{character name of \code{ID} column}
+\item{id_col}{Character name of \code{ID} column.}
 
 \item{...}{used to absorb other arguments; not used}
 }
diff --git a/man/data_inventory_data.Rd b/man/data_inventory_data.Rd
index b71c8f3b..569653ee 100644
--- a/man/data_inventory_data.Rd
+++ b/man/data_inventory_data.Rd
@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ data_inventory_data(
 so that \code{data} contains exactly the records to be summarized; pmtables will
 not add or remove rows prior to summarizing \code{data}}
 
-\item{by}{the outer grouping variable; may be character or quosure}
+\item{by}{The outer grouping variable; may be character or quosure.}
 
-\item{panel}{the panel grouping variable; may be character or quosure}
+\item{panel}{The panel grouping variable; may be character or quosure.}
 
 \item{all_name}{a name to use for the complete data summary}
 
-\item{stacked}{if \code{TRUE}, then independent summaries are created by \code{outer}
-and included in a single table (see examples)}
+\item{stacked}{If \code{TRUE}, then independent summaries are created by \code{outer}
+and included in a single table (see examples).}
 
 \item{...}{passed to subsequent summary functions}
 }
diff --git a/man/pt_data_inventory.Rd b/man/pt_data_inventory.Rd
index 3b122d8c..20e51269 100644
--- a/man/pt_data_inventory.Rd
+++ b/man/pt_data_inventory.Rd
@@ -24,31 +24,31 @@ pt_data_inventory(
 so that \code{data} contains exactly the records to be summarized; pmtables will
 not add or remove rows prior to summarizing \code{data}}
 
-\item{by}{the outer grouping variable; may be character or quosure}
+\item{by}{The outer grouping variable; may be character or quosure.}
 
-\item{panel}{the panel grouping variable; may be character or quosure}
+\item{panel}{The panel grouping variable; may be character or quosure.}
 
-\item{inner_summary}{if \code{TRUE}, then a summary of the inner variable will
-be provided}
+\item{inner_summary}{If \code{TRUE}, then a summary of the inner variable will
+be provided.}
 
-\item{drop_miss}{if \code{TRUE}, then \code{MISS} will be dropped, but only when all
-\code{MISS} values are equal to zero}
+\item{drop_miss}{If \code{TRUE}, then \code{MISS} will be dropped, but only when all
+\code{MISS} values are equal to zero.}
 
-\item{stacked}{if \code{TRUE}, then independent summaries are created by \code{outer}
-and included in a single table (see examples)}
+\item{stacked}{If \code{TRUE}, then independent summaries are created by \code{outer}
+and included in a single table (see examples).}
 
 \item{table}{a named list to use for renaming columns (see details and
 examples)}
 
 \item{all_name}{a name to use for the complete data summary}
 
-\item{dv_col}{character name of \code{DV} column}
+\item{dv_col}{Character name of \code{DV} column.}
 
-\item{bq_col}{character name of \code{BQL} column; see \code{\link[=find_bq_col]{find_bq_col()}}}
+\item{bq_col}{Character name of \code{BQL} column; see \code{\link[=find_bq_col]{find_bq_col()}}.}
 
-\item{id_col}{character name of \code{ID} column}
+\item{id_col}{Character name of \code{ID} column.}
 
-\item{...}{other arguments passed to \code{\link[=data_inventory_chunk]{data_inventory_chunk()}}}
+\item{...}{Other arguments passed to \code{\link[=data_inventory_chunk]{data_inventory_chunk()}}.}
 }
 \value{
 An object with class \code{pmtable}; see \link{class-pmtable}.
diff --git a/man/pt_data_inventory_notes.Rd b/man/pt_data_inventory_notes.Rd
index 1dcdc888..e9399669 100644
--- a/man/pt_data_inventory_notes.Rd
+++ b/man/pt_data_inventory_notes.Rd
@@ -4,11 +4,20 @@
 \alias{pt_data_inventory_notes}
 \title{Return table notes for pt_data_inventory}
 \usage{
-pt_data_inventory_notes(note_add = NULL)
+pt_data_inventory_notes(
+  bq = c("BQL", "BLQ"),
+  drop_bql = FALSE,
+  note_add = NULL
+)
 }
 \arguments{
-\item{note_add}{additional notes to include}
+\item{bq}{Abbreviation for below limit of quantification.}
+
+\item{drop_bql}{If \code{TRUE}, the \code{BQL}/\code{BLQ} summary is omitted.}
+
+\item{note_add}{Additional notes to be include.}
 }
 \description{
-See \code{\link[=pt_data_inventory]{pt_data_inventory()}}.
+See \code{\link[=pt_data_inventory]{pt_data_inventory()}}. The function generates standard table notes for
+the table.
 }
diff --git a/man/rowpanel.Rd b/man/rowpanel.Rd
index fcb72e4f..da15156e 100644
--- a/man/rowpanel.Rd
+++ b/man/rowpanel.Rd
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ rowpanel(
   duplicates_ok = FALSE,
   bold = TRUE,
   it = FALSE,
-  hline = TRUE
+  hline = TRUE,
+  jut = 0,
+  nopagebreak = TRUE
 )
 
 is.rowpanel(x)
@@ -42,6 +44,16 @@ panel will have the same header}
 \item{hline}{logical indicating whether or not to draw an \code{hline} above
 the panel row; the first panel row never receives an \code{hline}}
 
+\item{jut}{amount (in TeX \code{ex} units) by which the panel headers are
+outdented from the first column in the main table and header. Consider
+using a value of \code{2} for a clear offset.}
+
+\item{nopagebreak}{if \code{TRUE} (the default) then the page will not break
+immediately after a panel title \emph{when creating a longtable}; this argument
+does nothing if you are not generating a \code{longtable}. Set to \code{FALSE} to
+prevent the \code{nopagebreak} command (implemented as \code{*}) in the longtable
+output.}
+
 \item{x}{an object to test}
 }
 \description{
diff --git a/man/stable_long.Rd b/man/stable_long.Rd
index f4afeb07..1ddaa95b 100644
--- a/man/stable_long.Rd
+++ b/man/stable_long.Rd
@@ -50,6 +50,36 @@ lead with \verb{\\\\} - this will be added for you}
 
 \item{lt_continue}{longtable continuation message}
 }
+\value{
+A character vector with the TeX code for the table with \code{class}
+attribute set to \code{stable_long} and \code{stable}.
+}
 \description{
-Create longtable output from an R data frame
+Use this function to allow your table to span multiple pages, with a
+"to be continued" statement at the bottom of each page. There are important
+differences between this \code{longtable} environment and the \code{tabular}
+environment that is used to generate tables from \code{\link[=stable]{stable()}}. See the
+\code{details} section for more information.
+}
+\details{
+To create \code{longtable} output, \code{pmtables} first passes the data frame
+through \code{\link[=stable]{stable()}} and then modifies the output to create a table in
+\code{longtable} environment. The \code{...} arguments to \code{\link[=stable_long]{stable_long()}} are passed
+to \code{\link[=stable]{stable()}} and can be used to configure the table. One important difference
+between \code{tablular} and \code{longtable} environments is that captions need to
+get inserted \strong{inside} the \code{longtable} environment; this is why you see
+several additional arguments for \code{\link[=stable_long]{stable_long()}}.
+
+You may have to run \code{pdflatex} on your \code{longtable} more than once to get the
+table to render properly; this is not unexpected behavior for \code{longtable}.
+
+If you have panels in your table, the default is to prevent page breaks
+right after the panel title row using the \verb{\\\\*} command in the \code{longtable}
+package. This shouldn't need to be changed by the user, but if needed this
+can be suppressed by adding \code{nopagebreak = FALSE} when calling \code{\link[=as.panel]{as.panel()}}
+or \code{\link[=rowpanel]{rowpanel()}}.
+}
+\examples{
+stable_long(stdata())
+
 }
diff --git a/man/tab_spanners.Rd b/man/tab_spanners.Rd
index 2f332e76..db965477 100644
--- a/man/tab_spanners.Rd
+++ b/man/tab_spanners.Rd
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ see also \code{\link[=st_new]{st_new()}}}
 
 \item{span}{a list of objects created with \code{\link[=colgroup]{colgroup()}}; ; see also \code{\link[=st_span]{st_span()}}}
 
-\item{span_split}{not implemented at this time; ; see also \code{\link[=st_span_split]{st_span_split()}}}
+\item{span_split}{a \code{colsplit} object ; ; see also \code{\link[=st_span_split]{st_span_split()}}}
 
 \item{span_title_break}{a character sequence indicating where to split the
 title across multiple lines}
@@ -36,3 +36,6 @@ title across multiple lines}
 \description{
 Create groups of columns with spanners
 }
+\seealso{
+\code{\link[=colgroup]{colgroup()}}, \code{\link[=colsplit]{colsplit()}}, \code{\link[=st_span]{st_span()}}, \code{\link[=st_span_split]{st_span_split()}}
+}
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-inventory-table.R b/tests/testthat/test-inventory-table.R
index 93bc520b..323d7425 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test-inventory-table.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-inventory-table.R
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ test_that("inventory table - different BQL cols", {
   data2 <- rename(data1, BLQ = BQL)
   ans1 <- pt_data_inventory(data1)
   ans2 <- pt_data_inventory(data2)
-  expect_identical(ans1,ans2)
+  expect_false(identical(ans1,ans2))
 })
 
 test_that("inventory table - no bq col", {
@@ -125,3 +125,28 @@ test_that("inventory table - missing / non-missing", {
   ans <- pmtables:::n_non_missing(dv, bql)
   expect_equal(ans, 8)
 })
+
+test_that("handle BQL and BLQ inventory table", {
+
+  data1 <- pmt_first
+  data2 <- dplyr::rename(data1, BLQ = BQL)
+  data3 <- dplyr::mutate(data2, BLQ = NULL, BQL = NULL)
+
+  tab1 <- pt_data_inventory(data1, panel = "STUDYf")
+  tab2 <- pt_data_inventory(data2, panel = "STUDYf")
+  tab3 <- pt_data_inventory(data3, panel = "STUDYf")
+
+  expect_equal(names(tab1$data)[5], "Number.BQL")
+  expect_equal(names(tab2$data)[5], "Number.BLQ")
+  expect_false(any(grepl("BLQ|BQL", names(tab3$data))))
+
+  expect_length(tab1$notes, 4)
+  expect_length(tab2$notes, 4)
+  expect_length(tab3$notes, 3)
+
+  expect_equal(tab1$notes[2], "BQL: below quantification limit")
+  expect_equal(tab2$notes[2], "BLQ: below limit of quantification")
+  expect_equal(tab1$notes[3], "MISS: missing observations (non-BQL)" )
+  expect_equal(tab2$notes[3], "MISS: missing observations (non-BLQ)")
+  expect_equal(tab3$notes[2], "MISS: missing observations")
+})
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-panel.R b/tests/testthat/test-panel.R
index afd5698e..98d9a7c5 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test-panel.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-panel.R
@@ -82,3 +82,50 @@ test_that("omit hline from panel", {
   expect_match(tab1[where], "\\hline", fixed = TRUE)
   expect_false(grepl("\\hline", tab2[where], fixed = TRUE))
 })
+
+test_that("nopagebreak for panels in longtable", {
+  ans <- stable_long(stdata(), panel = "STUDY")
+  inserted <- grep(pmtables:::.internal$marker.panel, ans, fixed = TRUE)
+  check <- grep("DEMO", ans, fixed = TRUE)
+  expect_identical(inserted, check)
+  expect_match(
+    ans[inserted],
+    "\\\\*",
+    fixed = TRUE
+  )
+  ans <- stable_long(stdata(), panel = as.panel("STUDY", nopagebreak = FALSE))
+  inserted <- grep(pmtables:::.internal$marker.panel, ans, fixed = TRUE)
+  expect_no_match(
+    ans[inserted],
+    "\\\\*",
+    fixed = TRUE
+  )
+})
+
+test_that("jut de-indents panel rows", {
+  u <- list(WT = "kg")
+  ans <- inspect(stdata(), panel = rowpanel("STUDY", jut = 1), units = u)
+  code <- ans$output
+  tab <- ans$tab
+  header <- ans$head_rows
+  header <- header[-c(1, length(header))]
+  panels <- grepl("DEMO", tab, fixed = TRUE)
+  expect_match(
+    tab[!panels],
+    "\\hskip 1ex",
+    fixed = TRUE
+  )
+  expect_no_match(
+    tab[panels],
+    "\\hskip 1ex",
+    fixed = TRUE
+  )
+  expect_match(
+    header,
+    "\\hskip 1ex",
+    fixed = TRUE
+  )
+  indented <- c(header, tab[!panels])
+  pick <- code[grep("hskip", code)]
+  expect_identical(indented, pick)
+})
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-span.R b/tests/testthat/test-span.R
index 9714b322..a5c6126d 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test-span.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-span.R
@@ -80,3 +80,64 @@ test_that("add span_split via st_span", {
     regexp = "`span_split` is already set and will be replaced"
   )
 })
+
+test_that("align spanner - standard", {
+  data <- stdata()
+  ans1 <- stable(stdata(), span = colgroup("FOO", AGE:SCR))
+  ans2 <- stable(stdata(), span = colgroup("FOO", AGE:SCR, align = 'l'))
+  check <- which(grepl("FOO", ans1))
+  expect_match(
+    ans1[[check]],
+    "multicolumn{3}{c}{FOO}",
+    fixed = TRUE,
+    all = FALSE
+  )
+  expect_match(
+    ans2[[check]],
+    "multicolumn{3}{l}{FOO}",
+    fixed = TRUE,
+    all = FALSE
+  )
+  expect_error(
+    stable(stdata(), span = colgroup("FOO", AGE:SCR, align = 'x')),
+    regexp='should be one of '
+  )
+})
+
+test_that("align spanner - multiple", {
+  sp <- list(
+    colgroup("LEFT", DOSE:FORM, align = 'l'),
+    colgroup("CENTER", WT:CRCL),
+    colgroup("RIGHT", AGE:SCR, align = 'r')
+  )
+  ans <- stable(stdata(), span = sp)
+  spans <- ans[grepl("multicolumn", ans)]
+  expect_match(
+    spans,
+    "multicolumn{2}{l}{LEFT}",
+    fixed = TRUE
+  )
+  expect_match(
+    spans,
+    "multicolumn{2}{c}{CENTER}",
+    fixed = TRUE
+  )
+  expect_match(
+    spans,
+    "multicolumn{3}{r}{RIGHT}",
+    fixed = TRUE
+  )
+})
+
+test_that("align spanner - via colsplit", {
+  data <- rename(stdata(), AAA.CRCL= CRCL, AAA.WT = WT)
+  ans1 <- stable(data, span_split = colsplit(sep = ".", align = 'r'))
+  check <- which(grepl("AAA", ans1))
+  expect_match(
+    ans1[[check]],
+    "multicolumn{2}{r}{AAA}",
+    fixed = TRUE,
+    all = FALSE
+  )
+})
+
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-tab_cols.R b/tests/testthat/test-tab_cols.R
index c8c3d5a6..b1ab0638 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test-tab_cols.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-tab_cols.R
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ test_that("cols_omit drops column names - stable", {
 test_that("cols_omit drops column names - longtable", {
   a <- stable_long(stdata(), cols_omit = FALSE)
   b <- stable_long(stdata(), cols_omit = TRUE)
-  expect_match(a[1:7], "STUDY &", all = FALSE, fixed = TRUE)
-  expect_match(a[1:7], " & CRCL &", all = FALSE, fixed = TRUE)
+  expect_match(a[1:20], "STUDY &", all = FALSE, fixed = TRUE)
+  expect_match(a[1:20], " & CRCL &", all = FALSE, fixed = TRUE)
   expect_false(any(grepl("STUDY", b)))
   expect_false(any(grepl("CRCL", b)))
 })
diff --git a/tests/testthat/validate/cat-long-span.tex b/tests/testthat/validate/cat-long-span.tex
index 7e7a5603..276915c8 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/validate/cat-long-span.tex
+++ b/tests/testthat/validate/cat-long-span.tex
@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@
  & 12-DEMO-001 & 12-DEMO-002 & 11-DEMO-005 & 13-DEMO-001 & Summary \\ [-0.52em]
  & n = 30 & n = 50 & n = 40 & n = 40 & n = 160 \\
 \hline
-\multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{SEXf}}\\
+\multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{SEXf}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 male & 10 (33.3) & 18 (36.0) & 29 (72.5) & 23 (57.5) & 80 (50.0) \\
 female & 20 (66.7) & 32 (64.0) & 11 (27.5) & 17 (42.5) & 80 (50.0) \\
-\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{RFf}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{RFf}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 normal & 30 (100.0) & 50 (100.0) & 10 (25.0) & 40 (100.0) & 130 (81.2) \\
 mild & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 10 (25.0) & 0 (0.0) & 10 (6.2) \\
 moderate & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 10 (25.0) & 0 (0.0) & 10 (6.2) \\
 severe & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 10 (25.0) & 0 (0.0) & 10 (6.2) \\
-\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{FORMf}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{FORMf}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 tablet & 25 (83.3) & 42 (84.0) & 30 (75.0) & 33 (82.5) & 130 (81.2) \\
 capsule & 3 (10.0) & 6 (12.0) & 3 (7.5) & 3 (7.5) & 15 (9.4) \\
 troche & 2 (6.7) & 2 (4.0) & 7 (17.5) & 4 (10.0) & 15 (9.4) \\
diff --git a/tests/testthat/validate/cat-wide-by-panel.tex b/tests/testthat/validate/cat-wide-by-panel.tex
index 72db8a25..25f4808e 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/validate/cat-wide-by-panel.tex
+++ b/tests/testthat/validate/cat-wide-by-panel.tex
@@ -8,19 +8,19 @@
 \cmidrule(lr){5-8}
 FORMf & n & male & female & normal & mild & moderate & severe \\
 \hline
-\multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-001}}\\
+\multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-001}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 tablet & 25 & 7 (28.0) & 18 (72.0) & 25 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) \\
 capsule & 3 & 1 (33.3) & 2 (66.7) & 3 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) \\
 troche & 2 & 2 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 2 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) \\
-\hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-002}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-002}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 tablet & 42 & 16 (38.1) & 26 (61.9) & 42 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) \\
 capsule & 6 & 2 (33.3) & 4 (66.7) & 6 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) \\
 troche & 2 & 0 (0.0) & 2 (100.0) & 2 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) \\
-\hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{11-DEMO-005}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{11-DEMO-005}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 tablet & 30 & 20 (66.7) & 10 (33.3) & 9 (30.0) & 7 (23.3) & 6 (20.0) & 8 (26.7) \\
 capsule & 3 & 3 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 2 (66.7) & 0 (0.0) & 1 (33.3) \\
 troche & 7 & 6 (85.7) & 1 (14.3) & 1 (14.3) & 1 (14.3) & 4 (57.1) & 1 (14.3) \\
-\hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{13-DEMO-001}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{13-DEMO-001}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 tablet & 33 & 19 (57.6) & 14 (42.4) & 33 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) \\
 capsule & 3 & 1 (33.3) & 2 (66.7) & 3 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) \\
 troche & 4 & 3 (75.0) & 1 (25.0) & 4 (100.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) & 0 (0.0) \\
diff --git a/tests/testthat/validate/continuous-long-panel.tex b/tests/testthat/validate/continuous-long-panel.tex
index 50f67973..b27711bc 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/validate/continuous-long-panel.tex
+++ b/tests/testthat/validate/continuous-long-panel.tex
@@ -5,23 +5,23 @@
 \hline
 Variable & n & Mean & Median & SD & Min / Max \\
 \hline
-\multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-001}}\\
+\multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-001}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 WT (kg) & 29 & 72.2 & 70.0 & 14.3 & 50.9 / 97.2 \\
 CRCL (ml/min) & 29 & 106 & 104 & 9.46 & 93.2 / 126 \\
 ALB (g/dL) & 29 & 4.28 & 4.08 & 0.474 & 3.56 / 5.15 \\
-\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-002}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-002}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 WT (kg) & 49 & 72.4 & 72.1 & 11.5 & 51.5 / 96.6 \\
 CRCL (ml/min) & 49 & 103 & 103 & 8.35 & 90.6 / 121 \\
 ALB (g/dL) & 50 & 4.47 & 4.43 & 0.468 & 3.65 / 5.39 \\
-\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{11-DEMO-005}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{11-DEMO-005}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 WT (kg) & 39 & 68.9 & 65.4 & 14.5 & 43.6 / 92.8 \\
 CRCL (ml/min) & 39 & 58.8 & 56.2 & 29.7 & 15.4 / 103 \\
 ALB (g/dL) & 39 & 4.41 & 4.44 & 0.537 & 3.51 / 5.39 \\
-\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{13-DEMO-001}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{13-DEMO-001}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 WT (kg) & 40 & 69.4 & 68.1 & 11.6 & 50.7 / 96.6 \\
 CRCL (ml/min) & 37 & 102 & 102 & 8.19 & 90.7 / 119 \\
 ALB (g/dL) & 38 & 3.58 & 3.65 & 1.15 & 1.28 / 5.38 \\
-\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{All data}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{\textbf{All data}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 WT (kg) & 157 & 70.7 & 70.0 & 12.8 & 43.6 / 97.2 \\
 CRCL (ml/min) & 154 & 92.1 & 98.8 & 25.5 & 15.4 / 126 \\
 ALB (g/dL) & 156 & 4.20 & 4.32 & 0.793 & 1.28 / 5.39 \\
diff --git a/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-by.tex b/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-by.tex
index ce764d56..aa646f6a 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-by.tex
+++ b/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-by.tex
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 \end{tabular}
 \begin{tablenotes}[flushleft]
 \item SUBJ: subjects
-\item BQL: below quantitation limit
-\item MISS: missing observations (not BQL)
+\item BQL: below quantification limit
+\item MISS: missing observations (non-BQL)
 \item OBS: observations
 \end{tablenotes}
 \end{threeparttable}
diff --git a/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-panel-by.tex b/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-panel-by.tex
index 2e81bb6e..5ba96bf3 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-panel-by.tex
+++ b/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-panel-by.tex
@@ -9,17 +9,17 @@
 \cmidrule(lr){8-9}
 STUDYf & SUBJ & MISS & OBS & BQL & OBS & BQL & OBS & BQL \\
 \hline
-\multicolumn{9}{l}{\textbf{tablet}}\\
+\multicolumn{9}{l}{\textbf{tablet}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 12-DEMO-001 & 25 & 8 & 356 & 11 & 13.9 & 0.4 & 11.2 & 0.3 \\
 12-DEMO-002 & 42 & 7 & 969 & 32 & 37.7 & 1.2 & 30.5 & 1.0 \\
 11-DEMO-005 & 30 & 9 & 687 & 24 & 26.8 & 0.9 & 21.6 & 0.8 \\
 13-DEMO-001 & 33 & 6 & 479 & 10 & 18.7 & 0.4 & 15.1 & 0.3 \\
-\hline \multicolumn{9}{l}{\textbf{capsule}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{9}{l}{\textbf{capsule}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 12-DEMO-001 & 3 & 0 & 41 & 4 & 13.5 & 1.3 & 1.3 & 0.1 \\
 12-DEMO-002 & 6 & 2 & 137 & 5 & 45.2 & 1.7 & 4.3 & 0.2 \\
 11-DEMO-005 & 3 & 1 & 70 & 1 & 23.1 & 0.3 & 2.2 & 0.0 \\
 13-DEMO-001 & 3 & 0 & 45 & 0 & 14.9 & 0.0 & 1.4 & 0.0 \\
-\hline \multicolumn{9}{l}{\textbf{troche}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{9}{l}{\textbf{troche}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 12-DEMO-001 & 2 & 0 & 30 & 0 & 9.9 & 0.0 & 0.9 & 0.0 \\
 12-DEMO-002 & 2 & 1 & 46 & 1 & 15.1 & 0.3 & 1.4 & 0.0 \\
 11-DEMO-005 & 7 & 0 & 163 & 5 & 53.6 & 1.6 & 5.1 & 0.2 \\
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
 \end{tabular}
 \begin{tablenotes}[flushleft]
 \item SUBJ: subjects
-\item BQL: below quantitation limit
-\item MISS: missing observations (not BQL)
+\item BQL: below quantification limit
+\item MISS: missing observations (non-BQL)
 \item OBS: observations
 \end{tablenotes}
 \end{threeparttable}
diff --git a/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-stacked.tex b/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-stacked.tex
index 7e5bff74..403d61a2 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-stacked.tex
+++ b/tests/testthat/validate/inventory-stacked.tex
@@ -8,17 +8,17 @@
 \cmidrule(lr){6-7}
 STUDYf & SUBJ & MISS & OBS & BQL & OBS & BQL \\
 \hline
-\multicolumn{7}{l}{\textbf{DEMO PK}}\\
+\multicolumn{7}{l}{\textbf{DEMO PK}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 12-DEMO-001 & 30 & 8 & 427 & 15 & 13.4 & 0.5 \\
 12-DEMO-002 & 50 & 10 & 1152 & 38 & 36.3 & 1.2 \\
 11-DEMO-005 & 40 & 10 & 920 & 30 & 29.0 & 0.9 \\
 13-DEMO-001 & 40 & 7 & 582 & 11 & 18.3 & 0.3 \\
 \hline {\it Group Total} & 160 & 35 & 3081 & 94 & 97.0 & 3.0 \\
-\hline \multicolumn{7}{l}{\textbf{ESTRDIOL}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{7}{l}{\textbf{ESTRDIOL}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 11-DEMO-005 & 40 & 0 & 40 & 0 & 50.6 & 0.0 \\
 13-DEMO-001 & 40 & 1 & 39 & 0 & 49.4 & 0.0 \\
 \hline {\it Group Total} & 80 & 1 & 79 & 0 & 100.0 & 0.0 \\
-\hline \multicolumn{7}{l}{\textbf{BMD}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{7}{l}{\textbf{BMD}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 11-DEMO-005 & 40 & 9 & 111 & 0 & 49.1 & 0.0 \\
 13-DEMO-001 & 40 & 5 & 115 & 0 & 50.9 & 0.0 \\
 \hline {\it Group Total} & 80 & 14 & 226 & 0 & 100.0 & 0.0 \\
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@
 \end{tabular}
 \begin{tablenotes}[flushleft]
 \item SUBJ: subjects
-\item BQL: below quantitation limit
-\item MISS: missing observations (not BQL)
+\item BQL: below quantification limit
+\item MISS: missing observations (non-BQL)
 \item OBS: observations
 \end{tablenotes}
 \end{threeparttable}
diff --git a/tests/testthat/validate/panel-basic.tex b/tests/testthat/validate/panel-basic.tex
index 2cee6852..cf75b438 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/validate/panel-basic.tex
+++ b/tests/testthat/validate/panel-basic.tex
@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
 \hline
 DOSE & FORM & N & WT & CRCL & AGE & ALB & SCR \\
 \hline
-\multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-001}}\\
+\multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-001}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 100 mg & tablet & 80 & 71.4 & 104 & 33.7 & 4.20 & 1.06 \\
 150 mg & capsule & 16 & 89.4 & 122 & 24.4 & 4.63 & 1.12 \\
 150 mg & tablet & 48 & 81.7 & 104 & 34.4 & 3.83 & 0.910 \\
 150 mg & troche & 16 & 94.0 & 93.2 & 27.4 & 4.94 & 1.25 \\
 200 mg & tablet & 64 & 67.9 & 100 & 27.5 & 4.25 & 1.10 \\
 200 mg & troche & 16 & 76.6 & 99.2 & 22.8 & 4.54 & 1.15 \\
-\hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-002}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{12-DEMO-002}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 100 mg & capsule & 36 & 61.3 & 113 & 38.3 & 4.04 & 1.28 \\
 100 mg & tablet & 324 & 77.6 & 106 & 29.9 & 4.31 & 0.981 \\
 50 mg & capsule & 36 & 74.1 & 112 & 37.1 & 4.44 & 0.900 \\
diff --git a/tests/testthat/validate/panel-prefix.tex b/tests/testthat/validate/panel-prefix.tex
index 340e0880..082ee777 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/validate/panel-prefix.tex
+++ b/tests/testthat/validate/panel-prefix.tex
@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
 \hline
 DOSE & FORM & N & WT & CRCL & AGE & ALB & SCR \\
 \hline
-\multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{Study:  12-DEMO-001}}\\
+\multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{Study:  12-DEMO-001}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 100 mg & tablet & 80 & 71.4 & 104 & 33.7 & 4.20 & 1.06 \\
 150 mg & capsule & 16 & 89.4 & 122 & 24.4 & 4.63 & 1.12 \\
 150 mg & tablet & 48 & 81.7 & 104 & 34.4 & 3.83 & 0.910 \\
 150 mg & troche & 16 & 94.0 & 93.2 & 27.4 & 4.94 & 1.25 \\
 200 mg & tablet & 64 & 67.9 & 100 & 27.5 & 4.25 & 1.10 \\
 200 mg & troche & 16 & 76.6 & 99.2 & 22.8 & 4.54 & 1.15 \\
-\hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{Study:  12-DEMO-002}}\\
+\hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textbf{Study:  12-DEMO-002}}\\%--pmtables-insert-panel
 100 mg & capsule & 36 & 61.3 & 113 & 38.3 & 4.04 & 1.28 \\
 100 mg & tablet & 324 & 77.6 & 106 & 29.9 & 4.31 & 0.981 \\
 50 mg & capsule & 36 & 74.1 & 112 & 37.1 & 4.44 & 0.900 \\
diff --git a/tests/testthat/validate/validate.pdf b/tests/testthat/validate/validate.pdf
index c4c31e1a..d1ecc045 100644
Binary files a/tests/testthat/validate/validate.pdf and b/tests/testthat/validate/validate.pdf differ