diff --git a/src/node/SetupServerApi.ts b/src/node/SetupServerApi.ts
index 291c66feb..a451f521b 100644
--- a/src/node/SetupServerApi.ts
+++ b/src/node/SetupServerApi.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { mergeRight } from '~/core/utils/internal/mergeRight'
 import { handleRequest } from '~/core/utils/handleRequest'
 import { devUtils } from '~/core/utils/internal/devUtils'
 import { SetupServer } from './glossary'
+import { isNodeException } from './utils/isNodeException'
 
 const DEFAULT_LISTEN_OPTIONS: RequiredDeep<SharedOptions> = {
   onUnhandledRequest: 'warn',
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ export class SetupServerApi
             Math.max(defaultMaxListeners, this.currentHandlers.length),
             request.signal,
           )
-        } catch (e: unknown) {
+        } catch (error: unknown) {
           /**
            * @note Mock environments (JSDOM, ...) are not able to implement an internal
            * "kIsNodeEventTarget" Symbol that Node.js uses to identify Node.js `EventTarget`s.
@@ -78,6 +79,11 @@ export class SetupServerApi
            * The main reason for using `setMaxListeners` is to suppress these warnings in Node.js,
            * which won't be printed anyway if `setMaxListeners` fails.
            */
+          if (
+            !(isNodeException(error) && error.code === 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE')
+          ) {
+            throw error
+          }
         }
       }
 
diff --git a/src/node/utils/isNodeException.ts b/src/node/utils/isNodeException.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..268e5b8a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/node/utils/isNodeException.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+/**
+ * Determines if the given value is a Node.js exception.
+ * Node.js exceptions have additional information, like
+ * the `code` and `errno` properties.
+ */
+export function isNodeException(
+  error: unknown,
+): error is NodeJS.ErrnoException {
+  return error instanceof Error && 'code' in error
+}