diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/FifoCache.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/FifoCache.java
index 9fc9c2f0f4c..61fb143f471 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/FifoCache.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/FifoCache.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- *    Copyright 2009-2023 the original author or authors.
+ *    Copyright 2009-2024 the original author or authors.
  *
  *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public int getSize() {
 
   public void setSize(int size) {
     this.size = size;
+    resizeKeyList();
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -82,4 +83,11 @@ private void cycleKeyList(Object key) {
     }
   }
 
+  private void resizeKeyList() {
+    while (keyList.size() > size) {
+      Object oldestKey = keyList.removeFirst();
+      delegate.removeObject(oldestKey);
+    }
+  }
+
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/SoftCache.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/SoftCache.java
index 271bbe4a224..20d832959fd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/SoftCache.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/SoftCache.java
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ public int getSize() {
 
   public void setSize(int size) {
     this.numberOfHardLinks = size;
+    resizeHardLinks();
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -78,6 +79,7 @@ public Object getObject(Object key) {
         // See #586 (and #335) modifications need more than a read lock
         lock.lock();
         try {
+          hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.remove(result);
           hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.addFirst(result);
           if (hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.size() > numberOfHardLinks) {
             hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.removeLast();
@@ -117,6 +119,17 @@ private void removeGarbageCollectedItems() {
     }
   }
 
+  private void resizeHardLinks() {
+    lock.lock();
+    try {
+      while (hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.size() > numberOfHardLinks) {
+        hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.removeLast();
+      }
+    } finally {
+      lock.unlock();
+    }
+  }
+
   private static class SoftEntry extends SoftReference<Object> {
     private final Object key;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/WeakCache.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/WeakCache.java
index 772cdbafbed..02f05b803f4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/WeakCache.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/decorators/WeakCache.java
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ public int getSize() {
 
   public void setSize(int size) {
     this.numberOfHardLinks = size;
+    resizeHardLinks();
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -77,6 +78,7 @@ public Object getObject(Object key) {
       } else {
         lock.lock();
         try {
+          hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.remove(result);
           hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.addFirst(result);
           if (hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.size() > numberOfHardLinks) {
             hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.removeLast();
@@ -116,6 +118,17 @@ private void removeGarbageCollectedItems() {
     }
   }
 
+  private void resizeHardLinks() {
+    lock.lock();
+    try {
+      while (hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.size() > numberOfHardLinks) {
+        hardLinksToAvoidGarbageCollection.removeLast();
+      }
+    } finally {
+      lock.unlock();
+    }
+  }
+
   private static class WeakEntry extends WeakReference<Object> {
     private final Object key;
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/FifoCacheTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/FifoCacheTest.java
index c492aef615d..b6cd42261d8 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/FifoCacheTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/ibatis/cache/FifoCacheTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- *    Copyright 2009-2023 the original author or authors.
+ *    Copyright 2009-2024 the original author or authors.
  *
  *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -72,4 +72,19 @@ void shouldRiseConflictInBeyondFiveEntries() {
     assertNotNull(cache.getObject(0));
   }
 
+  @Test
+  void shouldResizeKeyList() {
+    FifoCache cache = new FifoCache(new PerpetualCache("default"));
+    cache.setSize(5);
+    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+      cache.putObject(i, i);
+    }
+    cache.setSize(3);
+    assertNull(cache.getObject(0));
+    assertNull(cache.getObject(1));
+    assertNotNull(cache.getObject(2));
+    assertNotNull(cache.getObject(3));
+    assertNotNull(cache.getObject(4));
+  }
+
 }