diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-contrib-canary.yml b/.github/workflows/ci-contrib-canary.yml
index 79125bea7..7a1e6aa5c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-contrib-canary.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-contrib-canary.yml
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         gem:
           - hierarchical
-          - rate-limited
+          - rate_limited
         os:
           - ubuntu-latest
           - macos-latest
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-contrib.yml b/.github/workflows/ci-contrib.yml
index 5defc3532..bafaa3471 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-contrib.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-contrib.yml
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         gem:
           - hierarchical
-          - rate-limited
+          - rate_limited
         os:
           - ubuntu-latest
     name: "sampling-${{ matrix.gem }} / ${{ matrix.os }}"
diff --git a/.toys/.data/releases.yml b/.toys/.data/releases.yml
index 6aeead520..389f7521e 100644
--- a/.toys/.data/releases.yml
+++ b/.toys/.data/releases.yml
@@ -227,6 +227,6 @@ gems:
     directory: sampling/hierarchical
     version_constant: [OpenTelemetry, Sampling, Hierarchical, VERSION]
 
-  - name: opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited
+  - name: opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited
     directory: sampling/rate_limited
     version_constant: [OpenTelemetry, Sampling, Rate Limited, VERSION]
diff --git a/sampling/rate_limited/CHANGELOG.md b/sampling/rate_limited/CHANGELOG.md
index 074312657..0b9c9ed0b 100644
--- a/sampling/rate_limited/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/sampling/rate_limited/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1 +1 @@
-# Release History: opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited
+# Release History: opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited
diff --git a/sampling/rate_limited/README.md b/sampling/rate_limited/README.md
index 2fa2c2363..f7bc94b43 100644
--- a/sampling/rate_limited/README.md
+++ b/sampling/rate_limited/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited
 
-The `opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited` gem allows for specifying sampling frequencies based on a rate limit.
+The `opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited` gem allows for specifying sampling frequencies based on a rate limit.
 
 ## What is OpenTelemetry?
 
@@ -17,20 +17,20 @@ This gem can be used with any OpenTelemetry SDK implementation. This can be the
 Install the gem using:
 
 ```
-gem install opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited
+gem install opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited
 ```
 
-Or, if you use [bundler][bundler-home], include `opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited` in your `Gemfile`.
+Or, if you use [bundler][bundler-home], include `opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited` in your `Gemfile`.
 
 ## How can I get involved?
 
-The `opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited` gem source is [on github][repo-github], along with related gems including `opentelemetry-api` and `opentelemetry-sdk`.
+The `opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited` gem source is [on github][repo-github], along with related gems including `opentelemetry-api` and `opentelemetry-sdk`.
 
 The OpenTelemetry Ruby gems are maintained by the OpenTelemetry-Ruby special interest group (SIG). You can get involved by joining us in [GitHub Discussions][discussions-url] or attending our weekly meeting. See the [meeting calendar][community-meetings] for dates and times. For more information on this and other language SIGs, see the OpenTelemetry [community page][ruby-sig].
 
 ## License
 
-The `opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited` gem is distributed under the Apache 2.0 license. See [LICENSE][license-github] for more information.
+The `opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited` gem is distributed under the Apache 2.0 license. See [LICENSE][license-github] for more information.
 
 [opentelemetry-home]: https://opentelemetry.io
 [bundler-home]: https://bundler.io
diff --git a/sampling/rate_limited/lib/opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited.rb b/sampling/rate_limited/lib/opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited.rb
similarity index 100%
rename from sampling/rate_limited/lib/opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited.rb
rename to sampling/rate_limited/lib/opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited.rb
diff --git a/sampling/rate_limited/opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited.gemspec b/sampling/rate_limited/opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited.gemspec
similarity index 97%
rename from sampling/rate_limited/opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited.gemspec
rename to sampling/rate_limited/opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited.gemspec
index 2c19b809d..bf18092d1 100644
--- a/sampling/rate_limited/opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited.gemspec
+++ b/sampling/rate_limited/opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited.gemspec
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ $LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
 require('opentelemetry/sampling/rate_limited/version')
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name = 'opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited'
+  spec.name = 'opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited'
   spec.version = OpenTelemetry::Sampling::RateLimited::VERSION
   spec.authors = ['OpenTelemetry Authors']
   spec.email = ['cncf-opentelemetry-contributors@lists.cncf.io']
diff --git a/sampling/rate_limited/test/test_helper.rb b/sampling/rate_limited/test/test_helper.rb
index 168d5ca69..f72bd645d 100644
--- a/sampling/rate_limited/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/sampling/rate_limited/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
 SimpleCov.start
 
-require 'opentelemetry-sampling-rate-limited'
+require 'opentelemetry-sampling-rate_limited'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 
 OpenTelemetry.logger = Logger.new(