From e93c807f3c4afaecc45fceb10a8f1d6e770b4cd3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: alvarojhahn Date: Thu, 17 Oct 2024 14:51:50 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Comments from kcerva #1 and #3 --- paper.bib | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ paper.md | 16 ++++++++++-- pathways/data/technologies_shares.yaml | 2 +- 3 files changed, 49 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/paper.bib b/paper.bib index 279c8d1..1308951 100644 --- a/paper.bib +++ b/paper.bib @@ -176,3 +176,37 @@ @article{BORGONOVO2007771 volume = {92}, year = {2007} } + +@article{RECC:2021, +author = {Pauliuk, S. and Fishman, T. and Heeren, N. and Berrill, P. and Tu, Q. and Wolfram, P. and Hertwich, E.G.}, +doi = {10.1111/jiec.13023}, +journal = {Journal of Industrial Ecology}, +pages = {260--273}, +title = {{Linking service provision to material cycles: A new framework for studying the resource efficiency–climate change (RECC) nexus}}, +url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jiec.13023}, +volume = {25}, +year = {2021} +} + +@article{Mat-dp:2022, +author = {Barron, K.C. and Cullen, J.M.}, +doi = {10.21105/joss.04460}, +journal = {Journal of Open Source Software}, +pages = {4460}, +title = {{Mat-dp: An open-source Python model for analysing material demand projections and their environmental implications, which result from building low-carbon systems.}}, +url = {https://joss.theoj.org/papers/10.21105/joss.04460}, +volume = {7}, +number = {76}, +year = {2022} +} + +@article{Mat-dp:2024, +author = {Barron, K.C. and Cullen, J.M.}, +doi = {10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107803}, +journal = {Resources, Conservation and Recycling}, +pages = {107803}, +title = {{Using open-source tools to project bulk and critical material demand and assess implications for low-carbon energy and transport systems: Introducing Mat-dp model tools.}}, +url = {https://joss.theoj.org/papers/10.21105/joss.04460}, +volume = {209}, +year = {2024} +} diff --git a/paper.md b/paper.md index 1a576ea..56bdcef 100644 --- a/paper.md +++ b/paper.md @@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ toxicity impacts, etc. # Statement of need -Most IAMs and ESMs project cost-optimized future energy supplies within +Most IAMs and ESMs project cost- or utility-optimized future scenarios within specified greenhouse gas emissions trajectories, outlining changes needed -in regional energy mixes for global warming mitigation [@Riahi:2017]. +in regional energy mixes and means of transport for global warming mitigation [@Riahi:2017]. Prospective Life Cycle Assessment (pLCA) is crucial for evaluating the environmental performance of existing and emerging production systems, with a growing body of literature in scenario-based pLCA for emerging technologies @@ -73,6 +73,18 @@ bidirectional coupling between ESM and LCA. Yet, these studies focused on specific sectors or technologies and have not yet generalized to broader scenarios and indicators, nor have they made their implementations widely available. +Beyond conventional pLCA approaches, several tools and frameworks have been developed +that leverage LCA data to support further analysis, often through automation and integration +with broader modeling frameworks. For example, the `ODYM-RECC` framework integrates LCA data +to assess resource efficiency within climate mitigation scenarios, providing insights on +material demand and supply chain impacts [@RECC:2021]. Similarly, the `Mat-dp` tool, when +supplied with suitable input data, can be used to calculate materials needed and estimate +environmental impacts of transition scenarios [@Mat-dp:2022], [@Mat-dp:2024]. However, because +these tools depend on exogeneous input data, they are not designed to +systematically consider the time-dependent technology mixes influencing the production system. +This limits their ability to endogenously and dynamically assess evolving environmental impacts +and material demand, restricting consistency with the scenario assessed. + To address these challenges, the open-source library `pathways` utilizes the LCA framework `brightway` [@Mutel:2017] to systematically evaluate environmental impacts of energy transition scenarios. `pathways` works with diff --git a/pathways/data/technologies_shares.yaml b/pathways/data/technologies_shares.yaml index 097d205..6b392c2 100644 --- a/pathways/data/technologies_shares.yaml +++ b/pathways/data/technologies_shares.yaml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -Wind: ### Check if IAMs make the distinction between onshore and offshore +Wind: onshore-DDPM: name: electricity production, wind, 1-3MW turbine, onshore, direct drive reference product: electricity, high voltage From 051e53744e35a4b2670242a0adde1bfb15ff052c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: alvarojhahn Date: Thu, 17 Oct 2024 14:58:38 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Fix mat-dp ref --- paper.bib | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/paper.bib b/paper.bib index 1308951..593060d 100644 --- a/paper.bib +++ b/paper.bib @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ @article{RECC:2021 } @article{Mat-dp:2022, -author = {Barron, K.C. and Cullen, J.M.}, +author = {Cervantes Barron, K. and Cullen, J.M.}, doi = {10.21105/joss.04460}, journal = {Journal of Open Source Software}, pages = {4460}, @@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ @article{Mat-dp:2022 } @article{Mat-dp:2024, -author = {Barron, K.C. and Cullen, J.M.}, +author = {Cervantes Barron, K. and Cullen, J.M.}, doi = {10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107803}, journal = {Resources, Conservation and Recycling}, pages = {107803}, From 1962e78316939df2bc8ac4e70b0a320fd3055994 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: alvarojhahn Date: Fri, 18 Oct 2024 13:39:20 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Extend double-counting paragraph --- paper.md | 15 ++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/paper.md b/paper.md index 56bdcef..a8954f2 100644 --- a/paper.md +++ b/paper.md @@ -121,14 +121,23 @@ time step, geographical origin of impact, life-cycle stage and impact assessment method (6 in Figure 1). Some post-processing is done on the inventory matrices, including dealing -with double accounting. For this purpose, the original LCI database is adjusted by +with double counting. For this purpose, the original LCI database is adjusted by zeroing out all regional energy inputs that the energy system model accounts for and might demand during the system's life cycle, following the same workflow presented in [@Volkart:2018] (see 5 in Figure 1). +The practitioner is required to selectively cancel out overlapping activities already +accounted for in the scenario. We employ a modular approach in this adjustment process, +where practitioners, based on their understanding of the model generating the scenario, +can select specific components (e.g., electricity, heat, or specific product inputs) +to exclude. For instance, if the IAM models regional electricity generation, the +corresponding electricity inputs in the LCA system for upstream processes are +removed to prevent double counting. This modular approach enhances transparency and traceability, +making it easier to document and track which system components are modified, ensuring consistency between +the scenario outputs and the LCA. Finally, Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) can be performed on the results. -Currently, `pathways` supports the use of the `SALib` library for GSA [@Herman2017, @Iwanaga2022], -notably the Delta Moment-Independent Measure (DMIM) method [@BORGONOVO2007771], to rank +Currently, `pathways` supports the use of the `SALib` library for GSA [@Herman2017], +[@Iwanaga2022], notably the Delta Moment-Independent Measure (DMIM) method [@BORGONOVO2007771], to rank the influence of the database exchanges on the results. ![`pathways` workflow: from data package to impact assessment.\label{fig:workflow}](assets/workflow_diagram.png)