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VLM Performance project

This project is created to track down RasterSources API regressions.

NOTE: at this point, this project depends on GeoTrellis Contrib 3.14.0-SNAPSHOT, it requires GeoTrellis Contrib local publish.

Notes

Working on a cluster take into account the fact that GDAL requires a different strategy with the resources allocation. It is not possible to use maximizeResourceAllocation flag with using JNI bindings.

As the result of this work, was also figured out that maximizeResourceAllocation in general is not the best solution for GeoTrellis ingests.

GDAL Tips

Pay attention to GDAL proper configuration:

gdal.options {
  GDAL_DISABLE_READDIR_ON_OPEN     = "TRUE" # we don't usually want to read the entire dir with tiff metadata
  CPL_VSIL_CURL_ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = ".tif" # filter files read by extension to speed up reads
  GDAL_MAX_DATASET_POOL_SIZE       = "256" # number of allocated GDAL datasets
  GDAL_CACHEMAX                    = "1000" # number in megabyes to limit GDAL apetite
  # CPL_DEBUG                        = "ON" # to eanble GDAL logging on all nodes
}

For 50 i3.xlarge nodes it turned out that GDAL_CACHEMAX = 1000 and 200 single core executors looks like a good option. For 25 i3.xlarge nodes GDAL_CACHEMAX = 500 and 70 single core executors, etc.

Ingest Results

The test dataset: s3://azavea-datahub/raw/ned-13arcsec-geotiff The test dataset size: 1115 Objects - 210.7 GB

20 i3.xlarge nodes

Legacy GeoTrellis Ingest: 1 core per executor, 1500M RAM per executor Ingest

GeoTiff RasterSources Ingest: 1 core per executor, 1500M RAM per executor GeoTiffRaterSource

GDAL RasterSources Ingest: 70 executors, 1 core per executor, 1500M RAM per executor, GDAL_CACHEMAX = 500 GDALRasterSource

50 i3.xlarge nodes

Legacy GeoTrellis Ingest: 1 core per executor, 1500M RAM per executor Ingest

GeoTiff RasterSources Ingest: 1 core per executor, 1500M RAM per executor GeoTiffRasterSource

GDAL RasterSources Ingest: 200 executors, 1 core per executor, 1500M RAM per executor, GDAL_CACHEMAX = 1000 GDALRasterSource

50 i3.xlarge nodes (max resources allocation)

Legacy GeoTrellis Ingest: max resources allocation, 200 executors, 1 core per executor, 4200M RAM per executor. With less RAM job is failing, maxmizing resources usage kills job as well. Ingest

GeoTiff RasterSources Ingest: max resources allocation, 200 executors, 1 core per executor, 4200M RAM per executor With less RAM job is failing, maxmizing resources usage kills job as well. GeoTiffRasterSource

GDAL RasterSources Ingest: max resources allocation, 200 executors, 1 core per executor, 1500M RAM per executor, GDAL_CACHEMAX = 1000 GDALRasterSource

Conclusion

(OLD Version, is deprecated; it was written because of cluster misconfiguration (see the next section)) The new API completely replaces the old one. The two ingests are a bit different. GDAL Ingest requires a bit more complicated settings tuning, however, the new API is not slower and sometimes even faster.

GDALRasterSources are much more complicated in tuning and give no significant performance improvements, however, it is probably because of an old GDAL 2.3.x version that was used on EMR cluster that doesn't take into account CGroups. GDAL tests would be relaunched once we'll have GDAL 2.4 RPMs.

EMR maximizeResourceAllocation flag usage tip

In terms of this benchmark, we figured out that maximizeResolurceAllocation flag can behave not like everybody expects it to behave. The main danger here that it sets spark.default.parallelism to 2X number of CPU cores available to YARN containers. It is a pretty small number usually and in fact forces spark to use spark.default.parallelism in all reduce operations and to reshuffle data into this particular number of partitions.

By default Spark tries to preserve partitioning scheme. But with this option enabled it will force shuffle if the partitioner option was not explicitly passed into all operations that potentially may cause shuffle.

./sbt ingest-ned on the cluster without maximizeResourceAllocation flag usage (20 i3.xlarge nodes): Ingest

./sbt ingest-ned with maximizeResourceAllocation flag usage: Ingest

You can notice that in the first picture we can see the partitioning scheme preserving. In the second picture we see that exactly the same application behaves differently after the CutTiles step and the data is repartitioned into 160 partitions (in this case spark.default.parallelism was set to 160):

Ingest