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Docker image based on rubensa/ubuntu-tini-dev for running GUI apps

This is a Docker image based on rubensa/ubuntu-tini-dev useful for launching X11 GUI applications.

Building

You can build the image like this:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

DOCKER_REPOSITORY_NAME="rubensa"
DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME="ubuntu-tini-x11"
DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG="latest"

docker buildx build --platform=linux/amd64,linux/arm64 --no-cache \
  -t "${DOCKER_REPOSITORY_NAME}/${DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME}:${DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG}" \
  --label "maintainer=Ruben Suarez <rubensa@gmail.com>" \
  .

docker buildx build --load \
  -t "${DOCKER_REPOSITORY_NAME}/${DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME}:${DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG}" \
  .

To make an Nvidia GPU available in the docker container, the following steps have to be taken:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

DOCKER_REPOSITORY_NAME="rubensa"
DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME="ubuntu-tini-x11"
DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG="latest"

# NVidia propietary drivers are needed on host for this to work
NVIDIA_VERSION=$(nvidia-smi --query-gpu=driver_version --format=csv,noheader)

prepare_docker_nvidia_drivers_version() {
  # On build, if you specify NVIDIA_VERSION the nvidia specified drivers version are installed
  BUILD_ARGS+=" --build-arg NVIDIA_VERSION=$NVIDIA_VERSION"
}

prepare_docker_nvidia_drivers_version

# see: https://github.com/docker/buildx/issues/495#issuecomment-761562905
#docker buildx build --platform=linux/amd64,linux/arm64 --no-cache --progress=plain --pull \
docker buildx build --platform=linux/amd64,linux/arm64 --no-cache \
  -t "${DOCKER_REPOSITORY_NAME}/${DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME}:${DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG}" \
  --label "maintainer=Ruben Suarez <rubensa@gmail.com>" \
  ${BUILD_ARGS} \
  .

docker buildx build --load \
  -t "${DOCKER_REPOSITORY_NAME}/${DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME}:${DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG}" \
  .

Running

You can run the container like this (change --rm with -d if you don't want the container to be removed on stop):

#!/usr/bin/env bash

DOCKER_REPOSITORY_NAME="rubensa"
DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME="ubuntu-tini-x11"
DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG="latest"

# Get current user UID
USER_ID=$(id -u)
# Get current user main GUID
GROUP_ID=$(id -g)

prepare_docker_timezone() {
  # https://www.waysquare.com/how-to-change-docker-timezone/
  ENV_VARS+=" --env=TZ=$(cat /etc/timezone)"
}

prepare_docker_user_and_group() {
  RUNNER+=" --user=${USER_ID}:${GROUP_ID}"
}

prepare_docker_from_docker() {
    MOUNTS+=" --mount type=bind,source=/var/run/docker.sock,target=/var/run/docker-host.sock"
}

prepare_docker_dbus_host_sharing() {
  # To access DBus you ned to start a container without an AppArmor profile
  SECURITY+=" --security-opt apparmor:unconfined"
  # https://github.com/mviereck/x11docker/wiki/How-to-connect-container-to-DBus-from-host
  # User DBus
  MOUNTS+=" --mount type=bind,source=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/bus,target=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/bus"
  # System DBus
  MOUNTS+=" --mount type=bind,source=/run/dbus/system_bus_socket,target=/run/dbus/system_bus_socket"
  # User DBus unix socket
  # Prevent "gio:" "operation not supported" when running "xdg-open https://rubensa.eu.org"
  ENV_VARS+=" --env=DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=/dev/null"
}

prepare_docker_xdg_runtime_dir_host_sharing() {
  # XDG_RUNTIME_DIR defines the base directory relative to which user-specific non-essential runtime files and other file objects (such as sockets, named pipes, ...) should be stored.
  MOUNTS+=" --mount type=bind,source=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR},target=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}"
  # XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
  ENV_VARS+=" --env=XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}"
}

prepare_docker_sound_host_sharing() {
  # Sound device (ALSA - Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - support)
  [ -d /dev/snd ] && DEVICES+=" --device /dev/snd"
  # Pulseaudio unix socket (needs XDG_RUNTIME_DIR support)
  MOUNTS+=" --mount type=bind,source=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse,target=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse,readonly"
  # https://github.com/TheBiggerGuy/docker-pulseaudio-example/issues/1
  ENV_VARS+=" --env=PULSE_SERVER=unix:${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse/native"
  RUNNER_GROUPS+=" --group-add audio"
}

prepare_docker_webcam_host_sharing() {
  # Allow webcam access
  for device in /dev/video*
  do
    if [[ -c $device ]]; then
      DEVICES+=" --device $device"
    fi
  done
  RUNNER_GROUPS+=" --group-add video"
}

prepare_docker_gpu_host_sharing() {
  # GPU support (Direct Rendering Manager)
  [ -d /dev/dri ] && DEVICES+=" --device /dev/dri"
  # VGA Arbiter
  [ -c /dev/vga_arbiter ] && DEVICES+=" --device /dev/vga_arbiter"
  # Allow nvidia devices access
  for device in /dev/nvidia*
  do
    if [[ -c $device ]]; then
      DEVICES+=" --device $device"
    fi
  done
}

prepare_docker_printer_host_sharing() {
  # CUPS (https://github.com/mviereck/x11docker/wiki/CUPS-printer-in-container)
  MOUNTS+=" --mount type=bind,source=/run/cups/cups.sock,target=/run/cups/cups.sock"
  ENV_VARS+=" --env CUPS_SERVER=/run/cups/cups.sock"
}

prepare_docker_ipc_host_sharing() {
  # Allow shared memory to avoid RAM access failures and rendering glitches due to X extension MIT-SHM
  EXTRA+=" --ipc=host"
}

prepare_docker_x11_host_sharing() {
   # X11 Unix-domain socket
  MOUNTS+=" --mount type=bind,source=/tmp/.X11-unix,target=/tmp/.X11-unix"
  ENV_VARS+=" --env=DISPLAY=${DISPLAY}"
  # Credentials in cookies used by xauth for authentication of X sessions
  MOUNTS+=" --mount type=bind,source=${XAUTHORITY},target=${XAUTHORITY}"
  ENV_VARS+=" --env=XAUTHORITY=${XAUTHORITY}"
}

prepare_docker_hostname_host_sharing() {
  # Using host hostname allows gnome-shell windows grouping
  EXTRA+="  --hostname `hostname`"
}

prepare_docker_nvidia_drivers_install() {
  # NVidia propietary drivers are needed on host for this to work
  if [ `command -v nvidia-smi` ]; then 
    NVIDIA_VERSION=$(nvidia-smi --query-gpu=driver_version --format=csv,noheader)

    # On run, if you specify NVIDIA_VERSION the nvidia specified drivers version are installed
    ENV_VARS+=" --env=NVIDIA_VERSION=${NVIDIA_VERSION}"
  fi
}

prepare_docker_timezone
prepare_docker_user_and_group
prepare_docker_from_docker
prepare_docker_dbus_host_sharing
prepare_docker_xdg_runtime_dir_host_sharing
prepare_docker_sound_host_sharing
prepare_docker_webcam_host_sharing
prepare_docker_gpu_host_sharing
prepare_docker_printer_host_sharing
prepare_docker_ipc_host_sharing
prepare_docker_x11_host_sharing
prepare_docker_hostname_host_sharing
prepare_docker_nvidia_drivers_install

docker run --rm -it \
  --name "${DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME}" \
  ${SECURITY} \
  ${ENV_VARS} \
  ${DEVICES} \
  ${MOUNTS} \
  ${EXTRA} \
  ${RUNNER} \
  ${RUNNER_GROUPS} \
  "${DOCKER_REPOSITORY_NAME}/${DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME}:${DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG}" "$@"

NOTE: Mounting /var/run/docker.sock allows host docker usage inside the container (docker-from-docker).

This way, the internal user UID and group GID are changed to the current host user:group launching the container and the existing files under his internal HOME directory that where owned by user and group are also updated to belong to the new UID:GID.

Functions prepare_docker_dbus_host_sharing, prepare_docker_xdg_runtime_dir_host_sharing, prepare_docker_sound_host_sharing, prepare_docker_webcam_host_sharing, prepare_docker_gpu_host_sharing, prepare_docker_printer_host_sharing, prepare_docker_ipc_host_sharing, prepare_docker_x11_host_sharing and prepare_docker_hostname_host_sharing allows sharing your host resources with the running container as GUI apps can interact with your host system as they were installed in the host.

Function prepare_docker_nvidia_drivers_install allows the nvidia drivers host version to be installed on container.

Connect

You can connect to the running container like this:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME="ubuntu-tini-x11"

docker exec -it \
  "${DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME}" \
  bash -l

This creates a bash shell run by the internal user.

Once connected...

You can check DBUS running command:

app_name="MY APP NAME" \
id="42" \
icon="ubuntu-logo" \
summary="my summary" \
body="my body" \
actions="[]" \
hints="{}" \
timeout="5000" # in milliseconds \
gdbus call --session   \
   --dest org.freedesktop.Notifications \
   --object-path /org/freedesktop/Notifications \
   --method org.freedesktop.Notifications.Notify \
   "${app_name}" "${id}" "${icon}" "${summary}" "${body}" \
   "${actions}" "${hints}" "${timeout}"

You can check Pulse Audio running command:

pacat < /dev/urandom

You can check CUPS running command:

lpstat -H

You can check X11 running command:

xmessage 'Hello, World!'

Your can check GPU acceleration is working running command:

glxgears

Stop

You can stop the running container like this:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME="ubuntu-tini-x11"

docker stop  \
  "${DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME}"

Start

If you run the container without --rm you can start it again like this:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME="ubuntu-tini-x11"

docker start \
  "${DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME}"

Remove

If you run the container without --rm you can remove once stopped like this:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME="ubuntu-tini-x11"

docker rm \
  "${DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME}"