diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/driver/driver.go b/accelsim_tracing/driver/driver.go
index 7050229a..40ab3bf2 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/driver/driver.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/driver/driver.go
@@ -4,24 +4,33 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 
 	"github.com/sarchlab/mgpusim/v3/accelsim_tracing/gpu"
+	trace "github.com/sarchlab/mgpusim/v3/accelsim_tracing/trace"
 )
 
 type Driver struct {
-	benchmark *Benchmark
-	gpu       *gpu.GPU
+	gpu *gpu.GPU
 }
 
-func (d *Driver) Exec() error {
-	if d.benchmark == nil {
+func (d *Driver) Exec(bm *Benchmark) error {
+	if bm == nil {
 		return errors.New("no trace parser specified")
 	} else if d.gpu == nil {
 		return errors.New("no gpu specified")
 	}
 
-	for _, e := range *d.benchmark.TraceExecs {
-		err := e.Exec(d.gpu)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
+	for _, e := range *bm.TraceExecs {
+		if e.Type() == "memcopy" {
+			// [todo] implement
+		} else if e.Type() == "kernel" {
+			builder := trace.NewTraceGroupReaderBuilder().WithFilePath(e.File())
+			tgReader := builder.Build()
+
+			tgReader.ParseThreadBlocks()
+			for it := tgReader.ThreadBlockQueue.Front(); it != nil; it = it.Next() {
+				d.gpu.RunThreadBlock(it.Value.(*trace.ThreadBlock).GenerateNVThreadBlock())
+			}
+
+			tgReader.File.Close()
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/driver/driver_builder.go b/accelsim_tracing/driver/driver_builder.go
index 34708e2c..9811329b 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/driver/driver_builder.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/driver/driver_builder.go
@@ -3,22 +3,14 @@ package driver
 import "github.com/sarchlab/mgpusim/v3/accelsim_tracing/gpu"
 
 type DriverBuilder struct {
-	benchmark *Benchmark
-	gpu       *gpu.GPU
+	gpu *gpu.GPU
 }
 
 func NewDriverBuilder() *DriverBuilder {
 	return &DriverBuilder{
-		benchmark: nil,
-		gpu:       nil,
+		gpu: nil,
 	}
 }
-
-func (d *DriverBuilder) WithBenchmark(b *Benchmark) *DriverBuilder {
-	d.benchmark = b
-	return d
-}
-
 func (d *DriverBuilder) WithGPU(g *gpu.GPU) *DriverBuilder {
 	d.gpu = g
 	return d
@@ -26,7 +18,6 @@ func (d *DriverBuilder) WithGPU(g *gpu.GPU) *DriverBuilder {
 
 func (d *DriverBuilder) Build() (*Driver, error) {
 	return &Driver{
-		benchmark: d.benchmark,
-		gpu:       d.gpu,
+		gpu: d.gpu,
 	}, nil
 }
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/trace/builder.go b/accelsim_tracing/trace/builder.go
index bed97c97..f7fae5d2 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/trace/builder.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/trace/builder.go
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path"
 	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/sarchlab/mgpusim/v3/accelsim_tracing/gpu"
 )
 
 type TraceParser struct {
@@ -18,7 +16,7 @@ type TraceParser struct {
 
 type TraceExecs interface {
 	Type() string
-	Exec(*gpu.GPU) error
+	File() string
 }
 
 func NewTraceParser(path string) *TraceParser {
@@ -77,7 +75,7 @@ func parseListToTraceExecs(rawText string, trace *TraceParser) TraceExecs {
 			format  : kernel name
 			example : kernel_0
 		*/
-		k := &kernel{
+		k := &Kernel{
 			rawText:  rawText,
 			fileName: rawText,
 			filePath: path.Join(trace.traceDirPath, rawText),
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/trace/convert.go b/accelsim_tracing/trace/convert.go
index aa1fdca2..a592cb32 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/trace/convert.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/trace/convert.go
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package trace
 
 import "github.com/sarchlab/mgpusim/v3/accelsim_tracing/nvidia"
 
-func (tb *threadBlock) generateNVThreadBlock() *nvidia.ThreadBlock {
+func (tb *ThreadBlock) GenerateNVThreadBlock() *nvidia.ThreadBlock {
 	nvtb := &nvidia.ThreadBlock{
 		WarpNum: len(tb.warps),
 	}
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/trace/kernel.go b/accelsim_tracing/trace/kernel.go
index 0ff5f012..d5087ecb 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/trace/kernel.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/trace/kernel.go
@@ -1,25 +1,16 @@
 package trace
 
-import (
-	"github.com/sarchlab/mgpusim/v3/accelsim_tracing/gpu"
-)
-
-type kernel struct { // trace execs interface
+type Kernel struct { // trace execs interface
 	rawText    string
 	fileName   string
 	filePath   string
-	traceGroup *traceGroup
+	traceGroup *traceGroupReader
 }
 
-func (te *kernel) Type() string {
+func (te *Kernel) Type() string {
 	return "kernel"
 }
 
-func (te *kernel) Exec(gpu *gpu.GPU) error {
-	tg := NewTraceGroup().WithFilePath(te.filePath)
-	tg.Build()
-
-	err := tg.Exec(gpu)
-
-	return err
+func (te *Kernel) File() string {
+	return te.fileName
 }
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/trace/memory_copy.go b/accelsim_tracing/trace/memory_copy.go
index b2e0bea9..065d1373 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/trace/memory_copy.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/trace/memory_copy.go
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 package trace
 
-import "github.com/sarchlab/mgpusim/v3/accelsim_tracing/gpu"
-
 type memCopy struct { // trace execs interface
 	rawText   string
 	h2d       bool
@@ -16,8 +14,3 @@ func (te *memCopy) Type() string {
 func (te *memCopy) File() string {
 	return ""
 }
-
-func (te *memCopy) Exec(g *gpu.GPU) error {
-	// [todo] implement
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/trace/thread_block.go b/accelsim_tracing/trace/thread_block.go
index 9c96537c..78d6c6e4 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/trace/thread_block.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/trace/thread_block.go
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sarchlab/mgpusim/v3/accelsim_tracing/nvidia"
 )
 
-type threadBlock struct {
-	parent     *traceGroup
+type ThreadBlock struct {
+	parent     *traceGroupReader
 	rawContext struct {
 		blockDim string
 	}
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ type threadBlock struct {
 	warps          []*warp
 }
 
-func parseThreadBlocks(lines []string) *threadBlock {
-	tb := &threadBlock{}
+func parseThreadBlocks(lines []string) *ThreadBlock {
+	tb := &ThreadBlock{}
 	dim := parseThreadBlockDim(lines)
 	tb.threadBlockDim = *dim
 	for i, line := range lines {
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_group.go b/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_group.go
index edd930a1..7d18255c 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_group.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_group.go
@@ -3,83 +3,25 @@ package trace
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"container/list"
-	"log"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/sarchlab/mgpusim/v3/accelsim_tracing/gpu"
 )
 
-type traceGroup struct {
-	filePath             string
-	file                 *os.File
-	scanner              *bufio.Scanner
-	hasParsedTraceHeader bool
-	traceHeader          *traceHeader
-	threadBlockQueue     *list.List
+type traceGroupReader struct {
+	File             *os.File
+	scanner          *bufio.Scanner
+	traceHeader      *traceHeader
+	ThreadBlockQueue *list.List
 }
 
-func NewTraceGroup() *traceGroup {
-	return &traceGroup{
-		filePath:         "",
-		threadBlockQueue: list.New(),
-	}
-}
-
-func (tg *traceGroup) WithFilePath(path string) *traceGroup {
-	tg.filePath = path
-	return tg
-}
-
-func (tg *traceGroup) Build() {
-	tg.buildFileScanner()
-	tg.parseTraceHeader()
-}
-
-func (tg *traceGroup) Exec(gpu *gpu.GPU) error {
+func (tg *traceGroupReader) Read(gpu *gpu.GPU) error {
 	// [todo] threadblocks can be parallelized to save memory
-	tg.parseThreadBlocks()
-
-	for it := tg.threadBlockQueue.Front(); it != nil; it = it.Next() {
-		gpu.RunThreadBlock(it.Value.(*threadBlock).generateNVThreadBlock())
-	}
-
-	tg.file.Close()
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (tg *traceGroup) buildFileScanner() {
-	file, err := os.Open(tg.filePath)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Panic(err)
-	}
-	tg.file = file // [note] close after exec
-	tg.scanner = bufio.NewScanner(file)
-}
-
-func (tg *traceGroup) parseTraceHeader() {
-	if tg.hasParsedTraceHeader {
-		return
-	}
-
-	headerLines := make([]string, 0)
-	for tg.scanner.Scan() { // [note] get prefix lines that start with "-"
-		if strings.HasPrefix(tg.scanner.Text(), "-") {
-			headerLines = append(headerLines, tg.scanner.Text())
-		} else if tg.scanner.Text() != "" {
-			break
-		}
-	}
-
-	tg.traceHeader = parseHeaderParam(headerLines)
-	tg.hasParsedTraceHeader = true
-	tg.traceHeader.parent = tg
-}
-
-func (tg *traceGroup) parseThreadBlocks() {
-	if !tg.hasParsedTraceHeader {
-		log.Panic("Trace header has not been parsed")
-	}
+func (tg *traceGroupReader) ParseThreadBlocks() {
 	for tg.scanner.Scan() {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(tg.scanner.Text()) == "#BEGIN_TB" {
 			threadBlocklines := make([]string, 0) // [note] store whole lines of a thread block
@@ -87,7 +29,7 @@ func (tg *traceGroup) parseThreadBlocks() {
 				if strings.TrimSpace(tg.scanner.Text()) == "#END_TB" {
 					tb := parseThreadBlocks(threadBlocklines)
 					tb.parent = tg
-					tg.threadBlockQueue.PushBack(tb)
+					tg.ThreadBlockQueue.PushBack(tb)
 					break
 				}
 				threadBlocklines = append(threadBlocklines, tg.scanner.Text())
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_group_builder.go b/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_group_builder.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c5667bcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_group_builder.go
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package trace
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type traceGroupReaderBuilder struct {
+	filePath string
+}
+
+func NewTraceGroupReaderBuilder() *traceGroupReaderBuilder {
+	return &traceGroupReaderBuilder{
+		filePath: "",
+	}
+}
+
+func (tg *traceGroupReaderBuilder) WithFilePath(path string) *traceGroupReaderBuilder {
+	tg.filePath = path
+	return tg
+}
+
+func (tg *traceGroupReaderBuilder) Build() *traceGroupReader {
+	tgReader := &traceGroupReader{}
+	tg.buildFileScanner(tgReader)
+	tg.parseTraceHeader(tgReader)
+	return tgReader
+}
+
+func (tg *traceGroupReaderBuilder) buildFileScanner(tgReader *traceGroupReader) {
+	file, err := os.Open(tg.filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Panic(err)
+	}
+	tgReader.File = file // [note] close after exec
+	tgReader.scanner = bufio.NewScanner(file)
+}
+
+func (tg *traceGroupReaderBuilder) parseTraceHeader(tgReader *traceGroupReader) {
+	headerLines := make([]string, 0)
+	for tgReader.scanner.Scan() { // [note] get prefix lines that start with "-"
+		if strings.HasPrefix(tgReader.scanner.Text(), "-") {
+			headerLines = append(headerLines, tgReader.scanner.Text())
+		} else if tgReader.scanner.Text() != "" {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	tgReader.traceHeader = parseHeaderParam(headerLines)
+}
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_header.go b/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_header.go
index d43b7462..7024b27a 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_header.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/trace/trace_header.go
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 type traceHeader struct {
-	parent     *traceGroup
+	parent     *traceGroupReader
 	rawContext struct {
 		kernelName            string
 		kernelID              string
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/trace/warp.go b/accelsim_tracing/trace/warp.go
index a95515dc..600bcfa0 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/trace/warp.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/trace/warp.go
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 type warp struct {
-	parent     *threadBlock
+	parent     *ThreadBlock
 	rawContext struct {
 		warpID     string
 		instsCount string
diff --git a/accelsim_tracing/tracer.go b/accelsim_tracing/tracer.go
index 54ea8f1d..9f4dd703 100644
--- a/accelsim_tracing/tracer.go
+++ b/accelsim_tracing/tracer.go
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ func main() {
 
 	myGPU := buildAmpereGPU()
 
-	driverBuilder := driver.NewDriverBuilder().WithBenchmark(myBenchmark).WithGPU(myGPU)
+	driverBuilder := driver.NewDriverBuilder().WithGPU(myGPU)
 	myDriver, _ := driverBuilder.Build()
-	myDriver.Exec()
+	myDriver.Exec(myBenchmark)
 }
 
 func buildAmpereGPU() *gpu.GPU {