How to: Protégé

(https://protege.stanford.edu)

Tool to manually create ontologies and save them in .owl or .turtle

Instructions from the YouTube series: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9ERlUgvgwM&index=1&list=PLea0WJq13cnAfCC0azrCyquCN_tPelJN1

Create new ontology

Launch protege

Specify IRI

In the tab Active ontology, in Ontology IRI, change ontology name (e.g. leave the name, conclude with myOntology.owl)

Add classes and subclasses (slow way)

Add classes

In the tab Entities, select the tab Classes
Click on Add subclass button (2 dots and a +) for a new class (owl:Thing is going to stay there)

Add subclasses

Same as "Add classes", just click on the parent class name before clicking on the Add subclass button D

Make classes disjoint

Go to Description (bottom-right panel), click on the + next to Disjoint with and select the classes
Disjointing classes avoids overlap

Add classes and subclasses (fast way)

Right click on class name -> Add subclassES...
Identation creates the hierarchy (see here under "Add SubClasses Popup Menu Item")
Note Classes are automatically disjointed

Check that ontology is consistent

Top bar -> Reasoner -> HermiT -> Start reasoner
Top bar -> Reasoner -> HermiT -> Stop reasoner (not sure when to do this)