diff --git a/llm_rl/example_ppo.sh b/llm_rl/example_ppo.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0e609310
--- /dev/null
+++ b/llm_rl/example_ppo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python src/train_bash.py \
+    --stage ppo \
+    --model_name_or_path path_to_llama_model \
+    --do_train \
+    --dataset alpaca_gpt4_en \
+    --template default \
+    --finetuning_type lora \
+    --lora_target q_proj,v_proj \
+    --resume_lora_training False \
+    --checkpoint_dir path_to_sft_checkpoint \
+    --reward_model path_to_rm_checkpoint \
+    --output_dir path_to_ppo_checkpoint \
+    --per_device_train_batch_size 2 \
+    --gradient_accumulation_steps 4 \
+    --lr_scheduler_type cosine \
+    --logging_steps 10 \
+    --save_steps 1000 \
+    --learning_rate 1e-5 \
+    --num_train_epochs 1.0 \
+    --plot_loss \
+    --fp16
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/llm_rl/reward_model.sh b/llm_rl/example_reward_model.sh
similarity index 100%
rename from llm_rl/reward_model.sh
rename to llm_rl/example_reward_model.sh
diff --git a/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/__init__.py b/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..11519bab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from llmtuner.tuner.ppo.workflow import run_ppo
diff --git a/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/trainer.py b/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/trainer.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..372c4891
--- /dev/null
+++ b/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/trainer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import math
+import torch
+from tqdm import tqdm
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from transformers import GenerationConfig, Trainer, TrainerState, TrainerControl
+from transformers.trainer_utils import PREFIX_CHECKPOINT_DIR
+
+from trl import PPOTrainer
+from trl.core import PPODecorators, logprobs_from_logits
+
+from llmtuner.extras.callbacks import LogCallback, SavePeftModelCallback
+from llmtuner.extras.logging import get_logger
+from llmtuner.extras.misc import AverageMeter, count_parameters, get_logits_processor
+from llmtuner.tuner.ppo.utils import dump_layernorm, restore_layernorm, replace_model
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from transformers import Seq2SeqTrainingArguments, TrainerCallback
+    from trl import AutoModelForCausalLMWithValueHead
+    from llmtuner.hparams import ModelArguments, FinetuningArguments, GeneratingArguments
+
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+class CustomPPOTrainer(PPOTrainer, Trainer):
+    r"""
+    Inherits PPOTrainer.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        model_args: "ModelArguments",
+        training_args: "Seq2SeqTrainingArguments",
+        finetuning_args: "FinetuningArguments",
+        generating_args: "GeneratingArguments",
+        callbacks: List["TrainerCallback"],
+        **kwargs
+    ):
+        PPOTrainer.__init__(self, **kwargs)
+        self.args = training_args
+        self.model_args = model_args
+        self.finetuning_args = finetuning_args
+        self.generation_config = GenerationConfig(
+            pad_token_id=self.tokenizer.pad_token_id,
+            eos_token_id=[self.tokenizer.eos_token_id] + self.tokenizer.additional_special_tokens_ids,
+            **generating_args.to_dict()
+        )
+        self.state = TrainerState()
+        self.control = TrainerControl()
+        self.log_callback, self.save_callback = callbacks[0], callbacks[1]
+        assert isinstance(self.log_callback, LogCallback) and isinstance(self.save_callback, SavePeftModelCallback)
+        if self.args.max_steps > 0:
+            logger.info("max_steps is given, it will override any value given in num_train_epochs")
+
+    def ppo_train(self) -> None:
+        r"""
+        Implements training loop for the PPO stage, like _inner_training_loop() in Huggingface's Trainer.
+        """
+        total_train_batch_size = (
+            self.args.per_device_train_batch_size * self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps * self.args.world_size
+        )
+        if self.args.max_steps > 0:
+            num_examples = total_train_batch_size * self.args.max_steps
+            num_train_epochs = sys.maxsize
+            max_steps = self.args.max_steps
+            steps_in_epoch = self.args.max_steps * self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps
+        else:
+            len_dataloader = len(self.dataloader)
+            num_examples = len(self.dataset)
+            num_train_epochs = self.args.num_train_epochs
+            max_steps = math.ceil(num_train_epochs * len_dataloader)
+            steps_in_epoch = len_dataloader
+
+        self.state.max_steps = max_steps
+        self.state.num_train_epochs = num_train_epochs
+        self.state.is_local_process_zero = self.is_local_process_zero()
+        self.state.is_world_process_zero = self.is_world_process_zero()
+
+        if self.is_world_process_zero():
+            logger.info("***** Running training *****")
+            logger.info(f"  Num examples = {num_examples}")
+            logger.info(f"  Num Epochs = {num_train_epochs}")
+            logger.info(f"  Instantaneous batch size per device = {self.args.per_device_train_batch_size}")
+            logger.info(f"  Total train batch size (w. parallel, distributed & accumulation) = {total_train_batch_size}")
+            logger.info(f"  Gradient Accumulation steps = {self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps}")
+            logger.info(f"  Total optimization steps = {max_steps}")
+            logger.info(f"  Number of trainable parameters = {count_parameters(self.model)[0]}")
+
+        unwrapped_model: "AutoModelForCausalLMWithValueHead" = self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.model)
+        dataiter = iter(self.dataloader)
+        loss_meter = AverageMeter()
+        reward_meter = AverageMeter()
+        self.log_callback.on_train_begin(self.args, self.state, self.control)
+
+        for step in tqdm(range(max_steps), disable=not self.is_local_process_zero()):
+            try:
+                batch = next(dataiter)
+            except StopIteration:
+                dataiter = iter(self.dataloader)
+                batch = next(dataiter)
+
+            # Cast to inference mode
+            unwrapped_model.gradient_checkpointing_disable()
+            unwrapped_model.config.use_cache = True
+            self.model.eval()
+
+            # Get inputs
+            queries, responses = self.get_inputs(batch)
+            self.tokenizer.padding_side = "right" # change padding side
+            rewards = self.get_rewards(queries, responses, unwrapped_model)
+
+            # Cast to training mode
+            unwrapped_model.gradient_checkpointing_enable()
+            unwrapped_model.config.use_cache = False
+            self.model.train()
+
+            # Run PPO step
+            stats = self.step(queries, responses, rewards)
+            self.tokenizer.padding_side = "left" # restore padding side
+            loss_meter.update(float(stats["ppo/loss/total"]), n=len(rewards))
+            reward_meter.update(torch.stack(rewards).mean().item(), n=len(rewards))
+
+            if self.config.log_with is not None:
+                try:
+                    batch["query"] = self.tokenizer.batch_decode(queries, skip_special_tokens=True)
+                    batch["response"] = self.tokenizer.batch_decode(responses, skip_special_tokens=True)
+                    self.log_stats(stats, batch, rewards)
+                except:
+                    logger.warning("Failed to save stats due to unknown errors.")
+
+            self.state.global_step += 1
+            self.log_callback.on_step_end(self.args, self.state, self.control)
+
+            if self.is_local_process_zero() and (step+1) % self.args.logging_steps == 0:
+                logs = dict(
+                    loss=round(loss_meter.avg, 4),
+                    reward=round(reward_meter.avg, 4),
+                    learning_rate=stats["ppo/learning_rate"],
+                    epoch=round(step / steps_in_epoch, 2)
+                )
+                tqdm.write(str(logs))
+                logs["step"] = step
+                self.state.log_history.append(logs)
+                self.log_callback.on_log(self.args, self.state, self.control)
+                loss_meter.reset()
+                reward_meter.reset()
+
+            if (step+1) % self.args.save_steps == 0: # save checkpoint
+                self.save_model(os.path.join(
+                    self.args.output_dir, "{}-{}".format(PREFIX_CHECKPOINT_DIR, self.state.global_step)
+                ))
+                self.save_callback.on_save(
+                    self.args, self.state, self.control, model=self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.model)
+                )
+
+            if self.control.should_epoch_stop or self.control.should_training_stop:
+                break
+
+        self.log_callback.on_train_end(self.args, self.state, self.control)
+        self.save_callback.on_train_end(
+            self.args, self.state, self.control, model=self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.model)
+        )
+
+    @torch.no_grad()
+    def get_inputs(self, batch: Dict[str, torch.Tensor]) -> Tuple[List[torch.Tensor], List[torch.Tensor]]:
+        r"""
+        Generates model's responses given queries.
+        """
+        if self.finetuning_args.upcast_layernorm:
+            layernorm_params = dump_layernorm(self.model)
+
+        unwrapped_model: "AutoModelForCausalLMWithValueHead" = self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.model)
+        response: torch.Tensor = unwrapped_model.generate(
+            generation_config=self.generation_config,
+            logits_processor=get_logits_processor(),
+            **batch
+        )
+
+        if self.finetuning_args.upcast_layernorm:
+            restore_layernorm(self.model, layernorm_params)
+
+        query, response = batch["input_ids"].detach().cpu(), response[:, batch["input_ids"].size(-1):].detach().cpu()
+        queries, responses = [], []
+        for i in range(len(query)):
+            query_length = (query[i] != self.tokenizer.pad_token_id).nonzero()[0].item()
+            response_index = (response[i] != self.tokenizer.pad_token_id).nonzero()
+
+            if len(response_index) == 0:
+                response_length = 1 # allow empty response
+            elif self.tokenizer.pad_token_id == self.tokenizer.eos_token_id:
+                response_length = response_index[-1].item() + 2 # save the EOS token
+            else:
+                response_length = response_index[-1].item() + 1
+
+            queries.append(query[i, query_length:]) # remove padding from left
+            responses.append(response[i, :response_length]) # remove padding from right
+
+        return queries, responses
+
+    @torch.no_grad()
+    def get_rewards(
+        self,
+        queries: List[torch.Tensor],
+        responses: List[torch.Tensor],
+        unwrapped_model: "AutoModelForCausalLMWithValueHead"
+    ) -> List[torch.Tensor]:
+        r"""
+        Computes scores using given reward model.
+        """
+        replace_model(unwrapped_model, target="reward")
+        batch = self.prepare_model_inputs(queries, responses)
+
+        with torch.cuda.amp.autocast(dtype=self.model_args.compute_dtype): # support bf16
+            _, _, values = self.model(**batch, output_hidden_states=True, return_dict=True)
+
+        if values.size(0) != batch["input_ids"].size(0): # adapt to chatglm2
+            values = torch.transpose(values, 0, 1)
+
+        rewards = []
+        for i in range(values.size(0)):
+            end_index = batch["attention_mask"][i].nonzero()[-1].item() # use the score on the EOS token
+            rewards.append(values[i, end_index].float().detach().cpu()) # use fp32 type
+
+        replace_model(unwrapped_model, target="default")
+        return rewards
+
+    @PPODecorators.empty_cuda_cache()
+    def batched_forward_pass(
+        self,
+        model: "AutoModelForCausalLMWithValueHead",
+        queries: torch.Tensor,
+        responses: torch.Tensor,
+        model_inputs: dict,
+        return_logits: Optional[bool] = False,
+        response_masks: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None
+    ):
+        r"""
+        Calculates model outputs in multiple batches.
+
+        Subclass and override to inject custom behavior.
+        """
+        bs = len(queries)
+        fbs = self.config.mini_batch_size
+        all_logprobs = []
+        all_logits = []
+        all_masks = []
+        all_values = []
+
+        for i in range(math.ceil(bs / fbs)):
+            input_kwargs = {key: value[i * fbs : (i + 1) * fbs] for key, value in model_inputs.items()}
+            query_batch = queries[i * fbs : (i + 1) * fbs]
+            response_batch = responses[i * fbs : (i + 1) * fbs]
+            if response_masks is not None:
+                response_masks_batch = response_masks[i * fbs : (i + 1) * fbs]
+            input_ids = input_kwargs["input_ids"]
+            attention_mask = input_kwargs["attention_mask"]
+
+            with torch.cuda.amp.autocast(dtype=self.model_args.compute_dtype): # support bf16
+                logits, _, values = model(**input_kwargs)
+
+            if values.size(0) != input_ids.size(0): # adapt to chatglm2
+                values = torch.transpose(values, 0, 1)
+
+            logprobs = logprobs_from_logits(logits[:, :-1, :], input_ids[:, 1:])
+            masks = torch.zeros_like(attention_mask)
+            masks[:, :-1] = attention_mask[:, 1:]
+
+            for j in range(len(query_batch)):
+                start = len(query_batch[j]) - 1
+                if attention_mask[j, 0] == 0: # offset left padding
+                    start += attention_mask[j, :].nonzero()[0].item()
+                end = start + len(response_batch[j])
+
+                if response_masks is not None:
+                    response_masks_batch = torch.cat(
+                        (torch.zeros_like(query_batch[j]), response_masks_batch[j])
+                    )[1:]
+
+                masks[j, :start] = 0
+                masks[j, end:] = 0
+                if response_masks is not None:
+                    masks[j, start:end] = masks[j, start:end] * response_masks_batch[j][start:end]
+
+            if return_logits:
+                all_logits.append(logits)
+            else:
+                del logits
+
+            all_values.append(values)
+            all_logprobs.append(logprobs)
+            all_masks.append(masks)
+
+        return (
+            torch.cat(all_logprobs),
+            torch.cat(all_logits)[:, :-1] if return_logits else None,
+            torch.cat(all_values)[:, :-1],
+            torch.cat(all_masks)[:, :-1],
+        )
+
+    def save_model(self, output_dir: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        r"""
+        Saves model checkpoint.
+
+        Subclass and override to inject custom behavior.
+        """
+        if self.args.should_save:
+            self._save(output_dir)
diff --git a/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/utils.py b/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..74453a39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import torch
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Literal, Optional
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from transformers import PreTrainedModel
+    from trl import AutoModelForCausalLMWithValueHead
+
+
+def replace_model(model: "AutoModelForCausalLMWithValueHead", target: Literal["default", "reward"]) -> None:
+    if target == "reward": # save default head temporarily
+        valuehead_state_dict: Dict[str, torch.Tensor] = model.v_head.state_dict()
+        setattr(model, "default_head_weight", valuehead_state_dict["summary.weight"].detach().clone())
+        setattr(model, "default_head_bias", valuehead_state_dict["summary.bias"].detach().clone())
+
+    model.pretrained_model.set_adapter(target) # set the LoRA adapter to be active
+    model.v_head.load_state_dict({
+        "summary.weight": model.get_buffer("{}_head_weight".format(target)).detach().clone(),
+        "summary.bias": model.get_buffer("{}_head_bias".format(target)).detach().clone()
+    })
+
+
+def dump_layernorm(model: "PreTrainedModel") -> Dict[str, torch.Tensor]:
+    layer_norm_params = {}
+    for name, param in model.named_parameters():
+        if param.data.dtype == torch.float32:
+            layer_norm_params[name] = param.data.detach().clone()
+            param.data = param.data.to(model.config.torch_dtype)
+
+    return layer_norm_params
+
+
+def restore_layernorm(model: "PreTrainedModel", layernorm_params: Optional[Dict[str, torch.Tensor]] = None) -> None:
+    for name, param in model.named_parameters():
+        if name in layernorm_params:
+            param.data = layernorm_params[name]
diff --git a/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/workflow.py b/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/workflow.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4c35f628
--- /dev/null
+++ b/llm_rl/src/llmtuner/tuner/ppo_no_rm/workflow.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# Inspired by: https://github.com/lvwerra/trl/blob/main/examples/research_projects/stack_llama/scripts/rl_training.py
+
+import math
+from trl import PPOConfig
+from torch.optim import AdamW
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, List
+from transformers import DataCollatorWithPadding
+from transformers.optimization import get_scheduler
+
+from llmtuner.dsets import get_dataset, preprocess_dataset
+from llmtuner.extras.callbacks import SavePeftModelCallback
+from llmtuner.extras.ploting import plot_loss
+from llmtuner.tuner.core import load_model_and_tokenizer
+from llmtuner.tuner.ppo.trainer import CustomPPOTrainer
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from transformers import Seq2SeqTrainingArguments, TrainerCallback
+    from llmtuner.hparams import ModelArguments, DataArguments, FinetuningArguments, GeneratingArguments
+
+
+def run_ppo(
+    model_args: "ModelArguments",
+    data_args: "DataArguments",
+    training_args: "Seq2SeqTrainingArguments",
+    finetuning_args: "FinetuningArguments",
+    generating_args: "GeneratingArguments",
+    callbacks: Optional[List["TrainerCallback"]] = None
+):
+    dataset = get_dataset(model_args, data_args)
+    model, tokenizer = load_model_and_tokenizer(model_args, finetuning_args, training_args.do_train, stage="ppo")
+    dataset = preprocess_dataset(dataset, tokenizer, data_args, training_args, stage="ppo")
+
+    tokenizer.padding_side = "left" # use left-padding in generation while using right-padding in training
+    data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer=tokenizer)
+
+    ppo_config = PPOConfig(
+        model_name=model_args.model_name_or_path,
+        learning_rate=training_args.learning_rate,
+        mini_batch_size=training_args.per_device_train_batch_size,
+        batch_size=training_args.per_device_train_batch_size * training_args.gradient_accumulation_steps,
+        gradient_accumulation_steps=training_args.gradient_accumulation_steps,
+        ppo_epochs=1,
+        max_grad_norm=training_args.max_grad_norm,
+        seed=training_args.seed,
+        optimize_cuda_cache=True,
+        target=finetuning_args.ppo_target,
+        log_with=finetuning_args.ppo_logger,
+        use_score_scaling=finetuning_args.ppo_score_norm,
+        use_score_norm=finetuning_args.ppo_score_norm,
+        accelerator_kwargs={"step_scheduler_with_optimizer": False}
+    )
+
+    optimizer = AdamW(filter(lambda p: p.requires_grad, model.parameters()), lr=training_args.learning_rate)
+    if training_args.max_steps > 0:
+        num_training_steps = training_args.max_steps
+    else:
+        total_train_batch_size = (
+            training_args.per_device_train_batch_size * training_args.gradient_accumulation_steps * training_args.world_size
+        )
+        num_training_steps = training_args.num_train_epochs * math.ceil(len(dataset) / total_train_batch_size)
+
+    lr_scheduler = get_scheduler(
+        training_args.lr_scheduler_type,
+        optimizer=optimizer,
+        num_warmup_steps=training_args.get_warmup_steps(num_training_steps),
+        num_training_steps=num_training_steps
+    )
+
+    # Initialize our Trainer
+    ppo_trainer = CustomPPOTrainer(
+        model_args=model_args,
+        training_args=training_args,
+        finetuning_args=finetuning_args,
+        generating_args=generating_args,
+        callbacks=callbacks + [SavePeftModelCallback()],
+        config=ppo_config,
+        model=model,
+        ref_model=None,
+        tokenizer=tokenizer,
+        dataset=dataset,
+        data_collator=data_collator,
+        optimizer=optimizer,
+        lr_scheduler=lr_scheduler
+    )
+
+    # Training
+    if training_args.do_train:
+        ppo_trainer.ppo_train()
+        ppo_trainer.save_model()
+        ppo_trainer.save_state() # must be called after save_model to have a folder
+        if ppo_trainer.is_world_process_zero() and model_args.plot_loss:
+            plot_loss(training_args.output_dir, keys=["loss", "reward"])