simple-pdf-processing.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "10bfc116-0193-45c0-87f3-fe31528dfdc8",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n",
      "file WORKSHOP-III.pdf exists\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "import requests\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "# get the pdf document path \n",
    "\n",
    "pdf_path = \"WORKSHOP-III.pdf\"\n",
    "\n",
    "# check\n",
    "print(os.path.exists(pdf_path))\n",
    "\n",
    "# download PDF\n",
    "\n",
    "if not os.path.exists(pdf_path):\n",
    "    print(\"doesn't exist...... downloding\")\n",
    "    url = \"https://districts.ecourts.gov.in/sites/default/files/BOOK%20FOR%20WORKSHOP-III.pdf\"\n",
    "    \n",
    "    #the local filename to save the downloaded file \n",
    "    filename = pdf_path\n",
    "\n",
    "    #sending a get request to the URL\n",
    "    response = requests.get(url)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "    # check if the request is succesfull\n",
    "    if response.status_code == 200:\n",
    "        # open the file and save it\n",
    "        with open(filename, \"wb\") as file:\n",
    "            file.write(response.content)\n",
    "        print(f\"file has been downloaded and saved as {filename}\")\n",
    "\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print(f\"{response.status_code}\")\n",
    "\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print(f\"file {pdf_path} exists\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "b546f8a6-65a6-4ba5-a45e-0e40fa7cebdf",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Requirement already satisfied: PyMuPdf in /Users/thangarajmuruganantham/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages (1.23.26)\n",
      "Requirement already satisfied: PyMuPDFb==1.23.22 in /Users/thangarajmuruganantham/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from PyMuPdf) (1.23.22)\n",
      "Note: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pip install PyMuPdf"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "8ef487e7-db3e-4051-a1b1-c02d662fade9",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import fitz"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "c6325e05-2adc-43e9-a9ed-4b5ddfdba0a6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from tqdm.auto import tqdm"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "e30e02a5-bb8f-49eb-9739-bdfd29444a8f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# small helper / text formatting function to process the pdf\n",
    "\n",
    "def text_formatter(text: str) -> str:\n",
    "    \"\"\" performs minor formatting on text. \"\"\"\n",
    "    cleaned_text = text.replace(\"\\n\", \" \").strip()\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "    # more text formatting can go here\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "    return cleaned_text"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "73f7eeb3-15ca-40c2-9a6a-5ddd47c7f439",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Document('WORKSHOP-III.pdf')\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "application/vnd.jupyter.widget-view+json": {
       "model_id": "57a726c16c6c4e7da8c6b4e4a66b2916",
       "version_major": 2,
       "version_minor": 0
      },
      "text/plain": [
       "0it [00:00, ?it/s]"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# pages_and_texts is very important\n",
    "# see carefully how its getting generated\n",
    "\n",
    "def open_and_read_pdf(pdf_path: str) -> list[dict]:\n",
    "    doc = fitz.open(pdf_path)\n",
    "    print(doc)\n",
    "    # empty list\n",
    "    pages_and_texts = []\n",
    "\n",
    "    for page_number, page in tqdm(enumerate(doc)):\n",
    "        # getting the text from pdf\n",
    "        text = page.get_text()\n",
    "        text = text_formatter(text=text)\n",
    "        pages_and_texts.append({\"page_number\": page_number,\n",
    "        \"page_char_count\": len(text),\n",
    "        \"page_word_count\": len(text.split(\" \")),\n",
    "        \"page_sentence_count\": len(text.split(\". \")),\n",
    "        \"page_token_count\": len(text)/4, # 1 token ~ 4 characters\n",
    "        \"text\":text})\n",
    "        \n",
    "    return pages_and_texts\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "pages_and_texts = open_and_read_pdf(pdf_path=pdf_path)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "id": "e9672ae8-6a34-414e-ac8d-5d681bbff95a",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "bd3004ab-fc4e-40fd-85ce-167c3f7e64ba",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "1286c707-9cd6-4be3-8f48-20d40e1d8654",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "6e12e3b8-47fa-4318-8b48-d8e3865c00a4",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "35e16a0e-8141-4cd2-8e80-a08e9ca18b54",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[{'page_number': 0,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 184,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 35,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 4,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 46.0,\n",
       "  'text': \"1 Rulings of the Hon'ble  Sri Justice M. Satyanarayana  Murthy  USEFUL JUDGMENTS FOR TRIAL  JUDGES Compiled by  Sri Y. Srinivasa Rao Spl. Judicial I Class Magistrate (P & E) Srikakulam\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 1,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1607,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 401,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 12,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 401.75,\n",
       "  'text': \"2 P R E F A C E          The purpose of this work is to make it more convenient and useful for  judicial officers and to collect in a small compass, some useful judgments of the  Hon'ble Sri Justice M.Satyanarayana which are found scattered through the  various law-journals and in Internet. It is strenuous attempt to present some  valuable rulings of His Lordship  in this  tiny book  for daily reference on its  various facets, for benefit of all judicial officeers.           This book is useful for enrichment of legal knowledge on civil side.        This book contains only relevant paras of the judgments on each topic and  readers are requested to go through full text understand the ratio-decidendi laid  down in the judgments.  For easy reference, citations have been referred to. As  some judgments are gathered from using Internet, the case numbers, names of  the parties and date of judgment are also noted for easy reference. This book  also contains Hon'ble Division Bench judgments wherein His Lordship is one of  member of the Division Bench.       With propound sense of regret, I crave the indulgence of the learned readers  for the typographical errors that might have crept in the text, notwithstanding  the assiduous alertness and vigilance, having been unavoidable in the first  attempt of this nature. All the while, I am confident that this book is  very useful to all judicial officers for daily reference.                                                   With kind regards,                                                       Y. Srinivasa Rao TABLE OF CONTENTS Sl.   Topic Page\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 2,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1247,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 243,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 34,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 311.75,\n",
       "  'text': '3 No. No. 1. Pleadings in civil cases    1 2. Without seeking relief of recovery of possession,  plaintiffs are not entitled to claim relief of declaration     2 3. Declaration Suit: 1. Admissions   2. Estoppel 3.  Presumption as to ownership  4. Tests for Benami  nature 3 - 5 4. Appointment of advocate commissioner in suit – Pre- trial decree 6 - 7 5. 1. Whether an appeal against an ad interim injunction  is maintainable under order 43 rule 1(r) C.P.C? 2. No injunction shall be granted to interdict the  election when once the election process is started. 8-10  6. 1. No judicial order be passed based on memo. 2. Whether a document is admitted and marked as  exhibit, it cannot be questioned? 11 - 13 7. Service of notice: Presumption 14 8. If the defect in election petition is curable, an  opportunity shall be given to cure the defect. 15 - 16  9. Reservation in promotions of members of SC & ST 17 - 19 10.  1. Admissions in written statement – effect.  2.  Secondary evidence 3. Termination of contract 20  11. 1.Natural family property 2.Composite family 3. Family custom 4. Adverse possession    21   12. Appreciation of documentary evidence in civil cases 22 - 24 13. Admissibility of document 25-26 14. Preventive detention 27 - 28'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 3,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1117,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 220,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 17,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 279.25,\n",
       "  'text': '4 15. Order of preventive detention 29 - 30 16. Suit for partition  31 - 33 17. Dissolution of marriage under Section 13 (1) (ia)  of  the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. Section 25 of the Hindu  Marriage Act, 1955 – for grant of permanent alimony 34 - 35 18. Is the subject contract a grant of a profit a prendre? 36 - 37 19. Divorce and  Permanent alimony 38 - 39 20. 1. Whether a single creditor can file a petition under  section 9 of the act? And 2. Whether a debtor can be declared as insolvent  without proving that the alienation is to defeat and  delay the claim of general body of the creditors? 40 - 43 21. Complaint filed under the Consumer Protection Act,   1986 (for short the Act) against any firm or company. 44 - 45 22. The principles relating to (i) departmental proceedings  and proceedings in a criminal case:-  46-47 TABLE OF CASES 1. Sham Rao and three others   versus Mahadevi  and nine others  (A.S. No. 487 of 1995), Date of judgment: 23-07-2015 2. Boddapalli Anjaiah S/O.Yellaiah vs  Shaik Sayeed S/O.Shaik Mohammad (2015) APPEAL SUIT NOs.1490 of 1996 andm batch      Date of judgment:- 19-08-2015'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 4,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1537,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 274,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 36,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 384.25,\n",
       "  'text': '5 3. 2016 (3) ALT 92 G.Lalitha Bai and others vs. G.R.Jaya Rao and other 4. 2016 (3) ALT 132 Sarala Jain and others vs. Sangu Ganadhar and others 5. A.P.Arya Vysya Mahasabha rep.by its President VS     Mutyapu  Sudershan and others. CIVIL REVISION PETITION No.1961 OF 2015      Date of judgment:- 16-06-2015 6. 2016 (2) ALT 557 Syed Yousuf Ali vs. Mohd. Yousuf and others 7. 2016 (3) ALT 363 (DB) M.K. Tirupathi Rao  vs. Deputy General Manager,...  8. 2016 (3) ALT 399 M.A. Fatheem Uddin vs. Shaik Nayeem and another 9. 2016 (2) ALT 367 (DB) Union of India rep., by the Secretary (Establishment),  Ministry of Railways,Railway Board, New Delhi. And others.  vs. B. Lakxmi Narayana, 10. 2016 (2) ALT 14 (DB) Tamilnadu Mercentile Bank Ltd., rep. By its Branch Manager Versus M/s  Sunita Industries, rep., its Propretor, Laxminarayana Goel (died) per Lrs  and others 11. 2016 (1) ALT 394 Angalakurthy Venkata Narayanamma vs. Molakapalli Lakshmamma and  others 12.P.Madhusudhan Rao vs Lt.Col.Ravi Manan, CIVIL REVISION  PETITION NO.4515 OF 2014.  13. Sham Rao and three others  versus Mahadevi  and nine others  (A.S. No. 487 of 1995), Date of judgment: 23-07-2015  14. 2016 (3) ALT 418 (DB) Angoth Renuka @ Rena vs. State of Telangana through its Principal  Secretary, Prohibition and Excise Department 15. 2016 (3) ALT 519 (DB) Samala Dhana Laxmi  vs. State of Telangana through its Principal  Secretary, Revenue  Department 16. Pasagadugula Narayana Rao versus Pasagadugula Rama Murty in A.S.No. 1685 OF 1994, Date of judgment: 21-08-2015'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 5,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1498,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 257,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 26,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 374.5,\n",
       "  'text': '6 17. K. Narasinga Rao vs K. Neeraja @ Rajini (2015) C.M.A.No. 1056 OF  2006. Date of judgment:- 01-06-2015 18. The State of Andhra Pradesh rep.,  by the State Representative  before STAT. Versus M/s.ITC Bhadrachalam Paper Boards Division,  Khammam District..Respondent    T.R.C.Nos.13 of 2008 and batch  Date of judgment:-20-11-2014 19. K. Narasinga Rao vs K. Neeraja @ Rajini (2015). C.M.A.No. 1056 OF 2006 Date of judgment:- 01-06-2015  20. Tadikamalla Venkata Ramana Kishore and ..  VERSUS Padarthi  Santhakumari and others . 21. P.Saraswathi Devi vs.Andhra Pradesh State Consumer  Redressal  Commission, Hyderabad and seven others 22. The State of Andhra pradesh rep. by its Principal Secretary, revenue  (vigilance.I) department, Secretariat, Hyderabad & anr.   Verusu  G.L.Ganeswara rao s/o.Markandeyulu, Inspector of Survey, Training Academy,  Writ petition no.35583 of 2014, date of judgment: 27-03-2015      Pleadings in civil cases Sham Rao and three others   versus Mahadevi  and nine others  (A.S. No. 487 of 1995), Date of judgment: 23-07-2015  HELD:- 61. In civil cases, pleadings are extremely important for  ascertaining the title and possession of the property in question. 62. In order to do justice, it is necessary to direct the parties to give all  details of pleadings with particulars. Once the title is prima facie  established, it is for the person who is resisting the title holders claim to  possession to plead with sufficient particularity on the basis of his claim to'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 6,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1672,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 293,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 12,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 418.0,\n",
       "  'text': '7 remain in possession and place before the court all such documents as in  the ordinary course of human affairs are expected to be there. Only if the  pleadings are sufficient, would an issue be struck and the matter sent to  trial, where the onus will be on him to prove the averred facts and  documents. 71. Apart from these pleadings, the court must insist on  documentary proof in support of the pleadings. All those  documents would be relevant which come into existence after the  transfer of title or possession or the encumbrance as is claimed.  While dealing with the civil suits, at the threshold, the court must  carefully and critically examine the pleadings and documents. 72. The Court will examine the pleadings for specificity as also the  supporting material for sufficiency and then pass appropriate orders. Without seeking relief of recovery of possession,  plaintiffs are not entitled to claim relief of declaration  Boddapalli Anjaiah S/O.Yellaiah  vs  Shaik Sayeed S/O.Shaik Mohammad (2015) APPEAL SUIT NOs.1490 of 1996 andm batch      Date of judgment:- 19-08-2015  Cases referred:-  1. 1987 (2) ALT 46 (NRC); 2. AIR 2004 AP 167 HELD:-  Para 57. One of the contentions raised before the trial Court is  that since defendant Nos.13 to 24 are in possession and enjoyment  without seeking relief of recovery of possession, plaintiffs are not entitled to  claim relief of declaration as discussed earlier in the earlier paras,  defendants miserably failed to establish their possession over the property  and on the other hand this Court while accepting possession of defendant  No.1 directed defendants not to dispossess plaintiff No.1 from possession'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 7,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1374,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 244,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 8,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 343.5,\n",
       "  'text': \"8 of the property under Ex.A.1 after issuing notice, plaintiffs filed the present  suit and undisputedly defendant Nos.5 to 11 and plaintiff Nos.1 and 2 were  compromised as per orders in I.A.No.1930 of 1992. Defendants also failed  to establish that they are continuing in possession of the property,  consequently the contention of the defendants that plaintiff Nos.3 to 6 are  not entitled to claim relief of declaration of title, without seeking relief of  recovery of possession is without any substance and this contention would  stand to any legal scrutiny by this Court. Suit for declaration 2016 (3) ALT 92 G.Lalitha Bai and others vs. G.R.Jaya Rao and other Under Section 35 of the Specific Relief Act,1963, a declaratory decree is  not only binding on the parties to the suit but also the persons claiming  through them as representatives in interest even though they were not  parties to the suit. ADMISSIONS:- In para 29, it was observed as follows: ''Admission is of two types; one is judicial admission and the  other is evidentiary admission. Admissions though not  conclusive proof, they estopped the person who made such  admissions or representatives in interest in view of Section  31 of the Act of 1872. At the same time, judicial admissions  need not be proved by adducing any evidence in view  of Section 58 of the Act of 1872. Whether an admission is\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 8,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1444,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 269,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 7,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 361.0,\n",
       "  'text': '9 evidentiary or judicial, the party who made such admission if  explained under what circumstances he made such  admission, the admission can be ignored.\\'\\' ESTOPPEL: In this case, it was obsrved as follows: \\'\\' … Nagubai Ammal and others (AIR 1956 SC 593), wherein the Supreme  Court, in para No. 18 of the judgment, discussing about evidentiary value  of an admission, held as follows: \"An admission is not conclusive as to the truth of the matters  started therein. It is only a piece of evidence, the weight to be  attached to which must depend on the circumstances under  which it is made. It can be shown to be erroneous or untrue,  so long as the person to whom it was made has not acted  upon it to his detriment, when it might become conclusive by  way of estoppel. It was further held as follows: \"It is no doubt true that what a party himself admits to be true may  reasonably be presumed to be so. But before this rule can be invoked, it  must be shown that there is a clear and unambiguous statement by the  opponent such as will be conclusive unless explained. A statement by a  party that certain proceedings were fraudulent and not collusive in  character would not, be sufficient, without more, to sustain a finding that  the proceedings were collusive.\" PRESEUMPTION AS TO OWNERSHIP: Presumption as to ownership of property is in favour of the person who  purchased it till it is rebutted by adducing any satisfactory evidence.'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 9,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1361,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 255,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 16,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 340.25,\n",
       "  'text': '10 In this case, it was observed as follows:  In Valliammal (d) by L.Rs. ((2004) 7 SCC 233), the Apex Court is of the  clear view that presumption as to ownership of the property is in favour of  the person purchased till it is rebutted. In the present case, the general  presumption of ownership of the purchaser was not rebutted by adducing  any satisfactory evidence. TESTS FOR DETERMINING BENAMI NATURE: The source from where the  purchase money came and the motive why the  property was purchased benami are the most important tests for  determining whether the sale standing in the name of one person is in  reality for the benefit of another. Intention of the parties is the essence of  benami transaction. \\'\\'In Ramarao Vs. Srikrishna Murthi , this Court laid down four tests to  determine the nature of a transaction, they are as follows:  \"1. Motive for taking the sale deed in the name of       another.   2. Custody of the sale deed and connected vouchers.   3. Passing of consideration; and 4. Possession of the property.\" 2015 (1) L.S 384 K.Satyamma (died) per L.R Vs. Smt. Bhoodevi General principle is that in a suit for declaration of title, the plaintiff has to  establish his or her case, independently, and cannot be allowed to take  advantage of weakness in case of adversary. Appointment of advocate commissioner in suit – Pre- trial decree'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 10,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 921,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 186,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 4,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 230.25,\n",
       "  'text': '11 2016 (3) ALT 132 Sarala Jain and others vs. Sangu Ganadhar and others Cases referred:        1.2013 (3) ALD 64 (SC)  2.2011 (2) ALD 472  3.2010 (5) ALD 83  4.2009 (5) ALD 459  5.2006 (1) ALD 372  6.2004 (2) ALD 426  7.KERLT-1966-0-86   8.MANU/MH/0871/2003     9.R.S.A.No. 258/2004 (INJ) 10 (1987) 4 SCC 71  11(2003) 6 SCC 641   12.1999 (5) ALD 113  13.(2008) 8 SCC 671  14.AIR 1990 CALCUTTA 26     15.AIR 1983 AP 214   16.AIR 1975 SC 1810   17.AIR 1967 SC 436   When the plaintiff sought for appointment of Advocate Commissioner to  survey schedule property with the help of Surveyor and fix boundary  stones to his land, appointment of Advocate Commissioner by trial court  for demarcating schedule property and to fix boundary stones to the land  of respondents amounts to granting pre-trial decree. APPOINTMENT OF ADVOCATE COMMISSIONER: To appoint an advocate commissioner, Court has to keep in mind the  following:'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 11,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1546,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 288,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 13,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 386.5,\n",
       "  'text': '12 (1)   Total pleadings of both parties; (2)   Relief claimed in suit; (3)    Appointment of advocate commissioner for specific  purpose at interlocutory stage shall not amount to grant pre- trial decree; and  (4) Necessity to appoint advocate commissioner to decide  real controversy between parties. PRE – TRIAL DECREE:-             If the suit is filed for fixing boundaries by the Court, then  appointment of advocate commissioner would serve purpose to decide the  real controversy between the parties but it is not even the case of the  petitioner that schedule property is not demarcated. In such case,  appointment of advocate commissioner is wholly unnecessary and it is  beyond the scope of the suit. The trial Court did not look into the reliefs  claimed in the suit; plea of the petitioner regarding survey of land and  fixation of boundary stones; and the purpose for which commissioner is  sought to be appointed. In those circumstances, the order passed by the  trial Court cannot be sustained as it amounts to granting pre-trial decree in  view of the law declared in Mohd. Mehtab Khan (1st supra) and it is,  therefore, liable to be set aside. Accordingly, the point is answered in  favour of the respondents and against the petitioner. . 1. Whether an appeal against an ad interim injunction  is maintainable under Order 43 rule 1(r) c.p.c? 2. No injunction shall be granted to interdict the  election when once the election process is started. A.P. Arya Vysya Mahasabha rep.by its President VS    Mutyapu Sudershan and others.'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 12,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1729,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 310,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 8,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 432.25,\n",
       "  'text': '13 CIVIL REVISION PETITION No.1961 OF 2015      Date of judgment:- 16-06-2015  1. Whether an appeal against an ad interim injunction is maintainable  under Order 43 Rule 1(r) C.P.C? HELD:- From the discussions made hereinbefore, there is no manner of  doubt that no appeal is maintainable in this Court under Order 43 Rule 1 of  C.P.C. and there cannot be any doubt that a revision petition shall be  maintainable. The same is referred in later judgment of single judge of this Court in  judgment cited (2003 (3) ALD 153) in support of his contention that the  revision is maintainable under Article 227 of Constitution, when the order  passed by the trial Court is illegal exercise of discretion. Article  227 of  Constitution  of  India  conferred  power  of  superintendence over all the Courts and tribunals throughout the  territories  in  relation  to  which  it  exercises  jurisdiction.  Under Article 227of Constitution the High Court can exercise  discretion when inferior courts assumes jurisdiction erroneously in  excess of power, when refuses to exercises jurisdiction, when  found an error of law apparent on the face of record, when  violated principles of natural justice, when inferior Court exercised  its authority arbitrarily or capriciously, when arrived any finding  perversely or based on no material or a patent or flagrant error in  procedure, when order resulting in manifest injustice. In the instant case, the order of the trial Court granting ex parte ad interim  injunction during pendency of the petition, however limiting the same to a  limited period is illegal exercise of discretion by the trial Court in flagrant  violation of settled principles of law in catena of judgments. Therefore, this'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 13,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1801,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 328,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 12,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 450.25,\n",
       "  'text': \"14 Court can exercise jurisdiction under Article 226 of Constitution and since  law laid down by the Division Bench of this Court in judgment cited (AIR  2004 Andhra Pradesh 310) has no direct application to the facts of the  present case. On the other hand, in view of full bench Judgment of this  Court, the revision under Article 227 of Constitution is maintainable.  2. No injunction shall be granted to interdict the election when once  the election process is started. OBSERVED ; ''However in the judgment of Maria Margarida Sequeria Fernades and  Others v.Erasmo Jack de Sequeria (dead) through L.Rs , the Apex Court  in para No.86 held as follows: Grant or refusal of an injunction in a civil suit is the most  important stage in the civil trial. Due care, caution, diligence  and attention must be bestowed by the judicial officers and  judges while granting or refusing injunction. In most cases,  the fate of the case is decided by grant or refusal of an  injunction. Experience has shown that once an injunction is  granted, getting it vacated would become a nightmare for the  Defendant. In order to grant or refuse injunction, the judicial  officer or the judge must carefully examine the entire  pleadings  and  documents  with  utmost  care  and  seriousness.'' HELD:- The safe and better course is to give short notice on injunction  application and pass an appropriate order after hearing both the sides. In  case of grave urgency, if it becomes imperative to grant an exparte ad  interim injunction, it should be granted for a specified period, such as, for  two weeks. In those cases, the Plaintiff will have no inherent interest in  delaying disposal of injunction application after obtaining an exparte ad  interim injunction. The Court in order to avoid abuse process of law may\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 14,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1429,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 285,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 12,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 357.25,\n",
       "  'text': '15 also record in the injunction order that if the suit is eventually dismissed,  the plaintiff undertakes to pay restitution, actual or realistic costs. While  passing the order, the Court must take into consideration the pragmatic  realities and pass proper order for mesne profits. The Court must make  serious endeavour to ensure that even-handed justice is given to both the  parties.           If the law as declared by Apex Court is applied to the present case  granting ad-interim injunction till 15-06-2015 is totally inconsonance with  the principle laid down in the above judgment, by the Vacation Civil Judge,  Nizamabad. On overall consideration of entire material available on record with  reference to law declared by Apex Court and this Court, it is clear that no  injunction can be granted to interdict the election once the election process  is started. 1. No judicial order be passed based on memo. 2. Whether a document is admitted and marked as  exhibit, it cannot be questioned? 2016 (2) ALT 557 Syed Yousuf Ali vs. Mohd. Yousuf and others Cases referred 1.2004(2)ALD) 329  2 2010(1) ALT 448  3 2010(6)ALD 307  4 (2014) 1 SCC 618  5 2012 (6) ALT 271 6 2004(3) ALD 187  7 2010 Law Suit (AP) 445  8 2006(3) ALD 838  9 1996 Law Suit (AP) 447  10 2002 Law Suit 832  11AIR 2003 SC 4548   12AIR 1978 SC 1393   132012(6) ALT 271  14AIR 1961 SC 1655   15 AIR 2010 SC 16 1. No judicial order be passed based on memo.'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 15,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1531,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 280,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 13,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 382.75,\n",
       "  'text': '16 HELD:-  Para 12. The first and foremost contention of the learned counsel for the  respondents is that no judicial order be passed based on memo. Filing of  memo is not contemplated either under Code of Civil Procedure or under  Civil Rules of Practice. The purpose of receiving memos by the Courts  is only to receive certain intimation pertaining to the lis pending  before it. Since filing of memo is not contemplated under Code of  Civil Procedure or Civil Rules of Practice, no judicial order can be  passed on memo. But the trial Court passed a judicial order based on  memo which is contrary to the established practice. Therefore, the order  passed by the trail Court basing on memo dated 11.09.2015 filed before  the trial Court is erroneous and it is an illegal exercise of jurisdiction which  is conferred on it. Pare 13. In view of my discussion in the earlier para, I am of the clear view  that no judicial order can be passed on memo. Accordingly, Point No.1 is  decided in favour of the respondents and against the petitioner. 2. Whether a document is admitted and marked as exhibit, it cannot  be questioned? Stamp duty on possessory contract of sale:- Observed as follows:- Para 23. In M.Narasimhulus case (9th supra) single Judge of this Court  held that in view of bar underSection 36 once the document was admitted  in evidence, the same cannot be questioned, at subsequent stages, but in  view of law declared by Apex Court, the objection can be entertained to  determine judicially at any subsequent stage.'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 16,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1447,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 265,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 9,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 361.75,\n",
       "  'text': \"17 Para 24. According to Order 13 Rule 3 CPC the Court may at any stage of  the suit, reject any document which it considers irrelevant or otherwise  inadmissible, recording the grounds for such rejection. Order 13 Rule 4  CPC prescribes the endorsement to be made on the document when a  document is admitted in evidence. According to it, there shall be an  endorsement on every document which has been admitted in evidence  containing number and title of the suit, the name of the person producing  the document, the date on which it was produced and a statement of its  having been so admitted and the endorsement shall be signed or initialled  by the Judge. Para 25. Here there is an endorsement on the reverse of possessory  contract of sale consisting the details under Order 13 Rule 4(1)(A) to (C),  1(D) is absent. Therefore, the document cannot be said to be admitted  after judicial determination, in such a case, exercising power under Order  13 Rule 3 CPC, the Court can reject any document which it considers  irrelevant or in-admissible, recording reasons. Further in para 33, it was observed as follows: ''33. By exercising power under Order XIII Rule 3 of CPC, possessory  contract of sale dated 11.09.2015 which is marked as Ex.A1 is rejected as  it is hit by explanation to S.No.47-A of schedule 1-A of Indian Stamp  Act and inadmissible in evidence, since the document is not impounded or  stamp duty and penalty is not paid.''.\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 17,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 912,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 168,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 5,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 228.0,\n",
       "  'text': \"18 Service of notice: Presumption 2016 (3) ALT 363 (DB) M.K. Tirupathi Rao  versus  Deputy General Manager, Syndicate Bank, Industrial Relations  Section, Zonal Office, Hyderabad.         Under section 14 of Indian Post Office Act,1898 and under section 16 of  Evidence Act,1872, when a registered letter is sent to a person and when  it is returned by Postman with the endorsement 'absent', the endorsement  made on the registered cover is a prima facie evidence of taking the said  letter to the address of the person noted on the registered cover and that  the noting thereon is prima facie proof of absenece of addressee. (See :-  para 32 and 41). Presumption as to service of registered letter- in view of  provisions of section 114 Illustration (f) of Evidence Act,1872 and  Section27 of General Cluases Act, 1897, there is a presumption that the  addressee has received the letter sent by registered post.\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 18,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 768,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 193,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 26,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 192.0,\n",
       "  'text': '19 If the defect in election petition is curable, an  opportunity shall be given to cure the defect. 2016 (3) ALT 399 M.A. Fatheem Uddin vs. Shaik Nayeem and another CITATIONS REFERRED:   1.  AIR 1986 Supreme Court 1253(1)  2.  1997(5) ALD 330 3.  2010 Law Suit (P&H) 5028  4.  AIR 1996 Supreme Court 796  5.  AIR 1958 Supreme Court 687  6.  (2003) 1 Supreme Court Cases 289  7.  2014 (4) ALD 585 8.  2004 (3) ALT 788 (D.B) 9.  AIR 1972 Andhra Pradesh 120 (V.59 C 24)  10. 2015 (4) ALT 40 11.  AIR 1972 SC 515  12.  AIR 1987 SC 1926  13.  AIR 2002 SC 1041  14.  1982 13 SCR 318  15.  (1992) 1 LLJ 281 SC 16.  AIR 1963 Cal 218 17.  AIR 1969 Bombay 177   18.  AIR 2013 SC1549   19.  (2001) 4 SCC 428  20.  (2004)  11 SCC 196 21.  (2008) 11 SCC 740  22.  AIR 2012 SC 2638'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 19,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1184,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 224,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 8,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 296.0,\n",
       "  'text': '20 23.  (1999) 2 SCC 217  24.  AIR 1969 SC 677  25.  AIR 1976 SC 744  26.  1978 WLN 161   HELD:-  A close analysis of legal position in plethora of decisions referred above  makes it clear that if the defect in election petition is curable, an  opportunity shall be given to cure defect, if failed to cure, the petition shall  be dismissed as per Order VII Rule 11 or strike out the pleadings as per  Order VI Rule 16 of C.P.C; the defect of non joinder of other candidate is  incurable defect, even otherwise the petition filed by the 1st  respondent/Election Petitioner under Order I Rule 10 of C.P.C was  dismissed by the tribunal and the same was confirmed by this Court in  C.R.P No. 5024 of 2014 dated 30-12-2014 and attained finality. Therefore  by applying law declared by various Courts, referred above, this Court has  no option except to reject the contention of 1st respondent/Election  Petitioner, holding that the election petition is not maintainable for non- compliance with Section 72 read with 74 (b) of the Act. Reservation in promotions of members of schedule  castes and schedule tribes 2016 (2) ALT 367 (DB) Union of India rep., by the Secretary (Establishment),'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 20,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1120,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 408,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 6,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 280.0,\n",
       "  'text': '21 Ministry of Railways,Railway Board, New Delhi. And others.  vs. B. Lakxmi Narayana, Referred Citations: 1)      (2006 (8) SCC 212  2)      (2011) 1 SCC 467  3)      (2012 (7) SCC 1  4)      (2011) 12 SCC 695: (2011) 12 SCC 695   5)      (1987)2 SCC 555   6)      (2008) 17 SCC 491  7)      (2012) 5 SCC 370  8)      167 L Ed 2d 929 : 127 S Ct 1955  9)      (2013) 5 SCC 427)  10)     AIR 1953 SC 235   11)     (2010) 4 SCC 518  12)     (2011) 11 SCC 786  13)     (2010) 2 SCC 733  14)     (2010) 9 SCC 157  15)     1993 Suppl (1) SCC 594  16)     (1999) 7 SCC 303  17)     (2001) 8 SCC 133  18)     (2006) 6 SCC 666  19)     (2009) 14 SCC 406  20)     (2007) 5 SCC 447  21)     (2012) 3 SCC 442  22)     (2008) 9 SCC 242  23)     (1975) 4 SCC 285  24)     (1976) 2 SCC 895  25)     (2000) 2 SCC 48  26)     (2001) 6 SCC 637  27)     (2007) 9 SCC 274  28)     (2008) 1 SCC 210  29)     (2009) 1 SCC 168  30)     (2010) 12 SCC 471  31)     (1974) 1 SCC 317  32)     (1969) 1 SCC 110  33)     1995 Supl. (3) SCC 231  34)     (1996) 6 SCC 267  35)     (1995) 5 SCC 680  36)     (2013) 12 SCC 489  37)     (2014) 1 SCC 144'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 21,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1503,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 338,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 7,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 375.75,\n",
       "  'text': '22 38)     (2011) 6 SCC 570  39)     (1984) 4 SCC 251  40)     (2009) 1 SCC 768  41)     (1974) 4 SCC 335  42)     (1983) 3 SCC 601  43)     AIR 1993 SC 477   44)     (1995) 2 SCC 745  45)     (1999) 7 SCC 209  46)     (2012) 7 SCC 41  47)     (2008) 6 SCC 1  48)     (Judgment in Civil Appeal No.209 of 2015 dated 09.01.2015) 49)     (2015) 1 SCC 347  50)     1991 Supp (2) SCC 497   HELD: As the Tribunal has merely followed the law laid down by the Supreme  Court in M. Nagaraj1, in allowing the O.As, the orders of the Tribunal, to  the extent it declared the action of the Railways in providing reservation in  promotion without fulfilling the parameters laid down in M. Nagaraj1 to be  illegal, do not necessitate interference. The fact however remains that,  despite the amendment to the Constitution by insertion of Articles  16(4-A) and (4-B) nearly fourteen years ago, the members of the  Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes still face uncertainty on  whether or not they are entitled for reservation in promotion, and to  be extended the benefit of consequential seniority. This predicament,  they find themselves in, is for no fault of theirs but is on account of the  failure of the Union of India to gather data, and form its opinion, on the  parameters laid down by the Supreme Court in M. Nagaraj1. The  prevailing uncertainty can only be put an end to if the petitioner-Railway is  directed to undertake the aforesaid exercise, and take a decision, within a  specified time frame.'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 22,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1177,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 198,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 7,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 294.25,\n",
       "  'text': '23 The Writ Petitions are, accordingly, disposed of directing the petitioner- Railways to undertake and complete the exercise of gathering data, and  forming its opinion on the parameters laid down by the Supreme Court in  M. Nagaraj1, with utmost expedition and, in any event, not later than six  months from the date of receipt of a copy of this Order. As this stalemate  cannot be permitted to effect railway administration, and the services it  renders to the public at large, it is open to the petitioner-Railways to make  in-charge arrangements in the interregnum, making it clear to those, who  are given charge of the posts, that this arrangement is temporary and  would continue only till the exercise of formation of opinion, on the need to  provide reservation in promotion, is completed. The miscellaneous  petitions pending, if any, shall also stand disposed of. No costs. Admission in written statement Secondary evidence Termination of contract 2016 (2) ALT 14 (DB) Tamilnadu Mercentile Bank Ltd., rep. By its Branch Manager Versus  M/s Sunita Industries, rep., its Propretor, Laxminarayana Goel (died)  per Lrs and others Held:- Admission in written statement:-'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 23,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1068,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 180,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 6,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 267.0,\n",
       "  'text': '24 Admission made in written statement are judicial admissions. They are  conclusive in nature in view of Section 58 of Evidence Act and therefore  need noo further proof. Secondary evidence:- When, in the absence of any objection by otherside, photostat  copies of documents are received and admitted in evidence  assigning exhibit number by Court, it amounts to applying mind  by Court and impliedly permitting thparty to adduce secondary   evidence even though no specific order is passed permitting to  adduce secondary evidence. Termination of contract:- Contract of insurance is contract of indemnity as defined under section 124  of Contract Act and when once contract is terminated, liability under the  contract ceases to exist. Natural family property Composite family Family custom Adverse possession 2016 (1) ALT 394 Angalakurthy Venkata Narayanamma  vs.  Molakapalli Lakshmamma and others Natural family property:        A person adopted by another family, ceases to be manner of his  natural family, and unless any property is already vested prior to his'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 24,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 949,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 163,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 6,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 237.25,\n",
       "  'text': \"25 adoption either in partition or otherwise, he cannot claim a share in the  natural family property. Composite family:- In order to constitute a composite family, there must be a custom or an  agreement between two families. Family custom:- A family custom is a category of special custom, and it should have the  attributes of antiquity, certainty and uniformity. Adverse possession:- Payment of land revenue would not constitute adverse possession. Entries  in revenue records are only for fiscal purpose. Appreciation of documentary evidence  in civil case:- P.Madhusudhan Rao  vs  Lt.Col.Ravi Manan           THE HONBLE SRI JUSTICE RAMESH RANGANATHAN AND HONBLE  SRI JUSTICE M.SATYANARAYANA MURTHY, in P.Madhusudhan Rao  vs Lt.Col.Ravi Manan, CIVIL REVISION PETITION NO.4515 OF 2014,  Date of judgment on12-03-2015, clearly illustrated the rules for  interpretation of a document with an aid of  rulings of the Hon'ble Supreme  Court of India.\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 25,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1789,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 337,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 21,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 447.25,\n",
       "  'text': '26           The Supreme Court in Delhi Development of Authority Vs. Durga  Chand,  1973 AIR 2609 has also noticed Odgers Rules and quoted them  with approval and as the observation of the Supreme Court have the force  of law of the land, it may be taken Odgers Rules (known as golden rules of  interpretation) have been judicially recognized and may be adopted as  Rules for interpretation of the documents in India. These Rules are listed  hereunder: 1. The meaning of the document or of a particular part of it is  therefore to be sought for in the document itself. 2. The intention may prevail over the words used 3. words are to be taken in their literal meaning 4. literal meaning depends on the circumstances of the parties 5. When is extrinsic evidence admissible to translate the  language? 6. Technical legal terms will have their legal meaning. 7. Therefore the deed is to be construed as a whole. Apart from  the said seven rules listed by Odger, it would be convenient to list  the following rules for the sake of convenience are called  additional rules and given number in continuation: 8. Same words to be given the same meaning in the same  contract. 9. Harmonious construction must be placed on the contract as far  as possible. However, in case of conflict between earlier or later  clauses in a contract, later clauses are to be preferred to the  earlier; while in a will, earlier clause is to be preferred to the later. 10. Contra Proferendum Rule-If two interpretations are possible,  the one favourable to the party who has drafted the contract and  the other against him, the interpretation against that party has to  be preferred. 11. If two interpretation of a contract are possible the one which  helps to make the contract operative to be preferred to the other'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 26,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1573,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 278,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 16,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 393.25,\n",
       "  'text': '27 which tends to make it inoperative 12. In case of conflict between printed clauses and typed clauses,  type clauses are to be preferred. Similarly, in conflict between  printed and hand written clauses, hand written clauses are to be  preferred and in the event of conflict between typed and hand  written clauses, the hand written calluses are to be preferred 13. the special will exclude the general 14. Rule of expression unius est exclusion alterius 15. Rule of noscitus a sociss 16. Ejusdem generic rule will apply both the contract and statute 17. place of Punctuation in interpretation of documents From the Rules stated above, when the language used in a document is  unambiguous conveying clear meaning, the Court has to interpret the  document or any condition therein taking into consideration of the literal  meaning of the words in the document. When there is ambiguity, the  intention of the parties has to be looked into. Ordinarily the parties use apt  words to express their intention but often they do not. The cardinal rule  again is that, clear and unambiguous words prevail over the intention. But  if the words used are not clear or ambiguous, intention will prevail. The  most essential thing is to collect the intention of the parties from the  expressions they have used in the deed itself. What if, the intention is so  collected will not secure with the words used. The answer is the intention  prevails. Therefore, if the language used in the document is unambiguous,  the words used in the document itself will prevail but not the intention.'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 27,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1647,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 306,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 11,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 411.75,\n",
       "  'text': \"28 Admissibility of document Sham Rao and three others  versus Mahadevi  and nine others  (A.S. No. 487 of 1995), Date of judgment: 23-07-2015              HELD:- 'A Division Bench of this Court in IVRCL Assents &  Holdings Ltd., Hyderabad V. A.P. State Consumer Disputes Redressal  Commission, Hyderabad and another , wherein this Court held that  admissibility of document can be questioned at any time placing reliance  on the earlier judgments of Apex Court reported in R.V.E. Venkatachala  Gounder V. Arulmigu Viswesaraswami and V.P. Temple and another ,  wherein the Apex Court held as under: Ordinarily an objection to the admissibility of evidence should be taken  when it is tendered and not subsequently. The objections as to  admissibility of documents in evidence may be classified into two classes:-  (i) an objection that the document which is sought to be proved is itself  inadmissible in evidence; and (ii) where the objection does not dispute the  admissibility of the document in evidence but is directed towards the mode  of proof alleging the same to be irregular or insufficient. In the first case,  merely because a document has been marked as 'an exhibit', an objection  as to its admissibility is not excluded and is available to be raised even at a  later stage or even in appeal or revision. In the latter case, the objection  should be taken before the evidence is tendered and once the document  has been admitted in evidence and marked as an exhibit, the objection that  it should not have been admitted in evidence or that the mode adopted for  proving the document is irregular cannot be allowed to be raised at any\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 28,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1580,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 293,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 8,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 395.0,\n",
       "  'text': '29 stage subsequent to the marking of the document as an exhibit. The later  proposition is a rule of fair play.  The crucial test is whether an objection, if taken at the appropriate point of  time, would have enabled the party tendering the evidence to cure the  defect and resort to such mode of proof as would be regular. The omission  to object becomes fatal because by his failure the party entitled to object  allows the party tendering the evidence to act on an assumption that the  opposite party is not serious about the mode of proof. On the other hand, a  prompt objection does not prejudice the party tendering the evidence, for  two reasons: firstly, it enables the Court to apply its mind and pronounce  its decision on the question of admissibility then and there; and secondly,  in the event of finding of the Court on the mode of proof sought to be  adopted going against the party tendering the evidence, the opportunity of  seeking indulgence of the Court for permitting a regular mode or method of  proof and thereby removing the objection raised by the opposite party, is  available to the party leading the evidence. Such practice and procedure is  fair to both the parties. Out of the two types of objections, referred to  hereinabove, in the later case, failure to raise a prompt and timely  objection amounts to waiver of the necessity for insisting on formal proof of  a document, the document itself which is sought to be proved being  admissible in evidence. In the first case, acquiescence would be no bar to  raising the objection in superior Court.'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 29,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1832,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 350,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 11,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 458.0,\n",
       "  'text': \"30 Preventive detention 2016 (3) ALT 418 (DB), Angoth Renuka @ Rena  vs.  State of Telangana through its Principal Secretary,Prohibition and  Excise Department Held:-         ''To enable the detenu to exercise his right to make an effective  representation against his detention, it is imperative that all relevant  material, including copies of the bail orders, are furnished to him. The  contention that the detenu was aware of the bail order, even if accepted as  true, would not justify failure of the detaining authority to furnish these  copies to the detenu when he has no access to these documents when he  is in preventive custody. Failure to furnish copies of the orders granting bail  to the detenu vitiates the order of detention. (Vasanthu Sumalatha, 2016  (1) ALT 738 (DB) ). As the detenu has been denied his right to make an  effective representation thereby, his continued detention is rendered  illegal.                As the order of detention is liable to be set aside on  grounds that the orders granting bail to the detenu were not  placed before the detaining authority when he passed the order of  detention, and copies of the bail orders were not furnished to the  detenu along with the grounds of detention which resulted in the  denial of his right to make an effective representation, it is  unnecessary for us to examine whether the order of detention  should also be set aside for the other grounds urged by Sri  B.Vijayasen Reddy, Learned Counsel for the petitioner, for it is  well settled that even if one of the grounds or reasons, which led  to the subjective satisfaction of the detaining authority, is non- existent or misconceived or irrelevant, the order of detention  would be rendered invalid. (Dwarika Prasad Sahu v. State of  Bihar ; Shibban Lal Saxena v. State of U.P. ; Ram Manohar Lohia\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 30,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1539,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 290,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 20,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 384.75,\n",
       "  'text': \"31 v. The State of Bihar ; Pushkar Mukherjee v. State of W.B ;  and Biram Chand v. State of U.P. ). One irrelevant ground is  sufficient to vitiate the order as it is not possible to assess, in  what manner and to what extent, that irrelevant ground operated  on the mind of the detaining authority, and contributed to his  satisfaction that it was necessary to detain the detenu in order to  prevent him from acting in any manner prejudicial to the  maintenance of public order. (Mohd. Yousuf Rather v. State of  J&K ; Keshav Talpade v. King- Emperor ; Tarapada De v. State of  W.B. ; Shibban Lal Saxena32; Pushkar Mukherjee34; Satya Brata  Ghose v. Mr Arif Ali, District Magistrate, Sibasagar, Jorhat ; K.  Yadava Reddy v. Commissioner of Police, Andhra Pradesh ).             The detention order, and the continued detention of the detenu,  stand vitiated for the failure of the detaining authority to consider the orders  whereby bail was granted to the detenu, and in not furnishing copies  thereof to the detenu along with the grounds of detention respectively. The  Writ Petition is allowed, the order of detention is set aside, and the detenu  shall be set at liberty forthwith provided he is not required to be kept in  custody in connection with any other case/cases registered against him.  The miscellaneous petitions pending, if any, shall also stand disposed of.  No costs.'' Order of preventive detention 2016 (3) ALT 519 (DB) Samala Dhana Laxmi  vs.  State of Telangana through its Principal Secretary, Revenue   Department\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 31,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 2124,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 394,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 23,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 531.0,\n",
       "  'text': '32 HELD:- The personal liberty of an individual is the most precious and  prized right guaranteed under Part III of the Constitution. The State has  been granted the power to curb such rights under criminal laws, as also  under the laws of preventive detention, which should be exercised with due  caution, and on proper appreciation of the facts as to whether such acts  seek to disturb public order, warranting the issuance of an order of  detention. (Munagala Yadamma, 2012 (2) ALT (Crl) 385 = 2012 (2) SCJ  32; Yamman Ongbi Lembi Leima vs. State of Manipur ).          Preventive detention is a serious invasion of personal  liberty and such meagre safeguards as the Constitution has  provided, against the improper exercise of the power, must  be zealously watched and enforced by the Court. (Ram  Krishan Bhardwaj v. State of Delhi ). Article 22(3)(b) of the  Constitution of India, which permits preventive detention, is  an exception to Article 21 of the Constitution. An exception  cannot, ordinarily, nullify the full force of the main rule, which  is the right to liberty guaranteed under Article 21 of the  Constitution. An exception can apply only in rare cases. The  imposition of what is, in effect, a substantial term of  imprisonment by the exercise of executive discretion, without  trial, lies uneasily with the ordinary concept of the rule of law.  (Rekha3; R. v. Secy. of State for the Home Deptt., ex p  Stafford ). The law of preventive detention can only be  justified by striking the right balance between individual liberty  on the one hand and the needs of an orderly society on the  other. (Commr. of Police v. C. Anita ; Union of India v. Amrit  Lal Manchanda ). The Constitutional imperatives of  Article 22 (5), and the dual  obligation imposed on the authority making the order of  preventive detention, are twofold: (1) The detaining authority  must, as soon as may be, i.e. as soon as practicable, after the  detention order is passed, communicate to the detenu the  grounds on which the order of detention has been made, and (2)  the detaining authority must afford the detenu the earliest'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 32,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1566,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 337,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 21,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 391.5,\n",
       "  'text': '33 opportunity of making the representation against the order of  detention, (M. Ahamedkutty;Mangalbhai Motiram Patel v. State of  Maharashtra ;Kamleshkumar Ishwardas Patel v. Union of India ),  i.e., to be furnished with sufficient particulars to enable him to  make a representation which, on being considered, may obtain  relief to him.  The inclusion of an irrelevant or non-existent ground, among other relevant  grounds, is an infringement of the first of the rights and the inclusion of an  obscure or vague ground, among other clear and definite grounds, is an  infringement of the second of the rights. In either case there is an invasion  of the constitutional rights of the detenu which would entitle him to  approach the Court for relief. The reason why the inclusion of even a  simple irrelevant or obscure ground, among several relevant and clear  grounds, is an invasion of the detenus constitutional right is that the Court  is precluded from adjudicating upon the sufficiency of the grounds, and it  cannot substitute its objective decision for the subjective satisfaction of the  detaining authority. (Mohd. Yousuf Rather v. State of J&K ) Suit for partition Pasagadugula Narayana Rao versus Pasagadugula Rama Murty in A.S.No. 1685 OF 1994, Date of judgment: 21-08-2015  Cases referred: 1.      AIR 1973 SC 2609   2.      AIR 1959 SC 24   3.      (1976) 3 SCC 119  4.      AIR 1955 SC 481   5.      AIR 1966 SC 1836   6.      AIR 1958 AP 147   7.      2008 (5) ALLMR 671   8.      AIR 1967 SC 1395   9.      AIR 1986 AP 42   10.     AIR 1965 AP 177'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 33,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 2053,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 404,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 12,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 513.25,\n",
       "  'text': '34 11.     AIR 2012 AP 129   12.     AIR 2012 AP 1  13.     1993 (1) A.P.L.J. 79 HELD:- Settlement:- Para 20.  Section 2 (24) of Indian Stamp Act, 1899  (\\'the Act of 1899\\' for brevity), defines the word \\'settlement\\' as follows: \"Any non-testamentary disposition, in writing, of movable or  immovable property [whether by way of declaration of trust or  otherwise] made (a) in consideration of marriage; (b) for the purposes of distributing property of the settler among  his family or those for whom he desires to provide, or for the  purpose of providing for some person dependent on him, or (c) for any religious or charitable purpose; and includes an  agreement in writing to make such a disposition and, where any  such disposition has not been made in writing, any instrument  recording, whether by way of declaration of trust or otherwise, the  terms of any such disposition.                Para 21. The definition under Section 2 (b) of the Specific  Relief Act, 1963   (for short, \\'the Act of 1963\\'), is exhaustive and wider.  According to it, settlement means \"An instrument (other than a will or  codicil as defined by the Indian Succession Act, 1925) whereby the  destination or devolution of successive interests in movable or  immovable property is disposed of or is agreed to be disposed of.\" It is a document by which a property is transferred or agreed to be  transferred inter vivos as such it may be either executory or executed and  takes effect during the life of the executor. The literal meaning connotes  the idea to secure by gift or legal act or to create successive interests in  use or income going to one person while the corpus of the property  remains another\\'s thus giving possession by legal sanction. Even if the  definition of the word settlement either under Section 2(24) of the Act of  1899 or under Section 2 (b) of the Act of 1963 is applied to the present  facts of the case, it is difficult to hold that Ex.B4 is family settlement deed  or deed of family arrangement. The trial Court, accepting the contention of'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 34,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1853,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 307,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 12,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 463.25,\n",
       "  'text': '35 the parties, held that Ex.B4 is settlement deed and not required to be  registered and, therefore, admitted in evidence. A bare look at the contents  of Ex.B4, it is only a release deed which is not defined either under the Act  of 1899 or under the Act of 1963. As defined in West\\'s Legal  Thesaurus/Dictionary, release means: \"To set free; to discharge a claim that one has against another (the  settlement released him from liability). Discharge, relinquish, liberate,  clear, unburden, spare, acquit, dissolve, extricate, emancipate, exempt,  relieve, disengage, unbind, undo, rescue, franchise, exonerate, redeem,  unchain, remit, forgive, vindicate, unite. To allow something to be communicated (release the information). The  giving up of a right, claim, or privilege (she signed the release).  Relinquishment, discharge, concession, abandonment, waiver, liberation,  dismissal,  yielding,  deliverance,  acquittal,  clearance,  freedom,  emancipation, exculpation, loosing, clearing, salvation, indemnity, pardon,  exoneration, disengagement, amnesty, letting go, exemption, redemption,  absolution, severance.\"   Para 22. In Kuppuswami Chettiar Vs. A.S.P.A.Arumugam Chettiar and  another , the Supreme Court, while drawing distinction between release  deed and gift, held as follows: \"A release deed can only feed title but cannot transfer title.  Renunciation must be in favour of a person, who had already title  to the estate, the effect of which is only to enlarge the right.  Renunciation does not vest in person a title where it did not exist.  Now, it cannot be disputed that a release can be usefully  employed as a form of conveyance by a person having some  right or interest to another having a limited estate, e.g., by a  remainderman to a tenant for life, and the release then operates  as an enlargement of the limited estate.\"'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 35,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1285,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 331,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 7,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 321.25,\n",
       "  'text': \"36  From the principle laid down in the above judgment, releasing right means  a person, who had interest in property along with others, giving up his right  in the property which enlarges the right of others who had same right in the  property. If release in favour of a third person having no right in property, it  cannot be said to be release and, at best, it may amount to gift as defined  under the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 (for short, 'the Act of 1882'). Dissolution of marriage under Section 13(1)(ia) of the  Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. Section 25 of the Hindu  Marriage Act, 1955 – for grant of permanent alimony: K. Narasinga Rao vs K. Neeraja @ Rajini (2015) C.M.A.No. 1056 OF 2006    Date of judgment:- 01-06-2015  Bench: THE HONBLE SRI JUSTICE RAMESH RANGANATHAN AND   THE HONBLE SRI JUSTICE M.SATYANARAYANA MURTHY Case referred:-  1)      AIR 2011 SC 2748 = (2011) 13 SCC 112    2)      1994 (3) ALT 332 (D.B.) 3)      (1991) 4 SCC 312  4)      (2005) 3 SCC 313  5)      (2009) 1 SCC 398  6)      (2005) 2 SCC 22  7)      AIR 2012 SC 2586   8)      (2013) 2 SCC 114  9)      AIR 1978 AP 6 = 1977 (2) APLJ 103 (NRC)   10)     AIR 2013 SC 2176   11)     AIR 2005 SC 3297   12)     AIR 1940 Madras 929   13)     (1996) 4 SCC 479  14)     AIR 1971 P & H 141   Observed:-\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 36,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 2544,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 471,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 17,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 636.0,\n",
       "  'text': \"37 Divorce is the termination of matrimonial relationship, and brings to an end  the status of a wife as such. On the status of a wife being terminated, by a  decree for divorce under the Hindu Marriage Act, the rights of the divorced  wife seem to be cribbed, confined and cabined by the provisions of  the Hindu Marriage Act and to the rights available under Sections  25 and 27 of the Act. (Kirtikant D. Vadodaria v. State of Gujarat ). Section  25 of the Act confers power on the Court to secure payment of permanent  alimony, if necessary, by a charge of the immovable property of the  respondent. The said provision confers a discretion on the Court, and  enables exercise of the power to create a charge on immovable properties  if the Court considers it necessary to do so. HELD:-  It is no doubt true that gratuity, provident fund and other retiral benefits, are  not immovable property. Section 100 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882  (for short, 'the 1882 Act) enables a charge to be created on the immovable  property of one person by the act of parties, or by operation of law to  secure the payment of money to another. Section 25 of the Act, which  enables a charge to be created on immovable property, does not explicitly  provide for a charge being created on movable property. Ordinarily  conferment of power, by a specific statutory provision, is a pre-requisite for  its exercise. However, exceptional circumstances may justify exercise of  power in the absence of any statutory prohibition. In Durga Das v. Tara  Rani , after noting that the learned single judge had secured the payment  of permanent alimony, by a charge on the moveable and immovable  properties of the appellant, a Division Bench of the Punjab and Haryana  High Court held that such a charge is inadmissible in so far as the  provident fund amount of the appellant is concerned, in view of Section  3 of the Provident Fund Act, 1925. The order of the learned single Judge  was modified by the Division Bench holding that the charge created, on the  movable and immovable property of the appellant, for securing the  permanent alimony allowed to the respondent, would not include his  provident fund amount. This modification by the Division Bench of the  Punjab and Haryana High Court, of the order of the Learned Single Judge,  was necessitated because of the statutory prohibition under Section 3 of  the Provident Fund Act, 1925. In the absence of any prohibition in Section  25 of the Act, and as held by the Punjab and Haryana High Court in Durga\"},\n",
       " {'page_number': 37,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 2025,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 393,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 14,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 506.25,\n",
       "  'text': '38 Das14, we direct that the permanent alimony, payable by the respondent  to the petitioner in terms of the order now passed by this Court, shall be  secured by way of a charge over the retiral/terminal benefits of the  respondent. The charge shall, however, be limited only to such of those  retiral benefits for which there is no statutory prohibition for creation of a  charge or attachment. Is the subject contract a grant of a profit a prendre? The State of Andhra Pradesh rep.,  by the State Representative before STAT..       Versus M/s.ITC Bhadrachalam Paper Boards Division, Khammam  District..Respondent    T.R.C.Nos.13 of 2008 and batch  Date of judgment:-20-11-2014      Held:- A profit a prendre is a right to take something off  another person\\'s land. It is a right to enter another\\'s land and to  take some profit of the soil, or a portion of the soil itself, for the  use of the owner of the right. The term \"profit a prendre\" is used  in contra- distinction to the term \"profit a rendre\" which signified a  benefit which has to be rendered by the possessor of the land  after it had come into his possession. A profit a prendre is a  servitude, and an interest in land, and for this reason any  disposition of it must be in writing. A profit a prendre, which gives  a right to participate in a portion only of some specified produce  of the land, is just as much an interest in the land as a right to  take the whole of that produce. (Titaghur Paper Mills Co. Ltd.1;  Halsbury\\'s Laws of England, Fourth Edition, Volume 14,  paragraphs 240 to 242 at pages 115 to 117). A profit a prendre is a servitude for it burdens the land, or rather a person\\'s  ownership of land, by separating, from the rest, certain portions or  fragments of the right of ownership to be enjoyed by persons other than  the Owner. \\'Servitude\\' is a wider term and includes both easements and  profits a prendre (Titaghur Paper Mills Co. Ltd.1; Halsbury\\'s Laws of  England, Fourth Edition, paragraph 43 at pages 21 to 22). An easement is'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 38,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1301,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 250,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 11,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 325.25,\n",
       "  'text': '39 defined by Section 4 of the Indian Easement Act, 1882 as being \"a right  which the owner or occupier of certain land possesses, as such for the  beneficial enjoyment of that land, to do and continue to do something, or to  prevent and continue to prevent something being done in, or upon, or in  respect of, certain other land not his own\". The distinction between a profit  a prendre and an easement is that while an easement only confers a right  to utilise the servient tenement in a particular manner, or to prevent the  commission of some act on that tenement, a profit a prendre confers a  right to take from the servient tenement some part of the soil of that  tenement or minerals under it or some part of its natural produce existing  upon it. What is taken must be capable of ownership, for otherwise the  right amounts to a mere easement. (Titaghur Paper Mills Co. Ltd.1;  Halsburys Laws of England, Fourth Edition, paragraph 43 of pages 21 and  22). A profit a prendre is a benefit arising out of land, an interest in the  land, and, in view of Section 3(26) of the General Clauses Act, it is  immovable property within the meaning of the Transfer of Property Act.  (Titaghur Paper Mills Co. Ltd.1; Anand Behera v. State of Orissa ). Divorce and  permanent alimony: K. Narasinga Rao  vs'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 39,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1262,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 325,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 10,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 315.5,\n",
       "  'text': '40  K. Neeraja @ Rajini (2015). C.M.A.No. 1056 OF 2006 Date of judgment:- 01-06-2015  Citations: 1)      AIR 2011 SC 2748 = (2011) 13 SCC 112    2)      1994 (3) ALT 332 (D.B.) 3)      (1991) 4 SCC 312  4)      (2005) 3 SCC 313  5)      (2009) 1 SCC 398  6)      (2005) 2 SCC 22  7)      AIR 2012 SC 2586   8)      (2013) 2 SCC 114  9)      AIR 1978 AP 6 = 1977 (2) APLJ 103 (NRC)   10)     AIR 2013 SC 2176   11)     AIR 2005 SC 3297   12)     AIR 1940 Madras 929   13)     (1996) 4 SCC 479  14)     AIR 1971 P & H 141   HELD:-  The conduct of the parties to the petition is one of the factors to be taken  into consideration by the Court in determining whether or not permanent  alimony should be granted. In N. Varalalakshmi Vs. N.V. Hanumantha Rao  , a Division Bench of this Court held that, even after a decree of divorce,  permanent alimony can be granted to the spouse who has applied for it  unless the conduct of the spouse is abominable; and that mere desertion  of the spouse would not amount to abominable conduct. It is only if the  conduct of the petitioner is abominable, would this Court be required to  consider whether, and to what extent, such conduct would have an effect  on the grant of permanent alimony. The word abominable means odious,'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 40,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1684,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 316,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 17,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 421.0,\n",
       "  'text': '41 offensive. The conduct of both the parties before, during the pendency of  proceedings, and after filing the present petition is relevant. The material  on record does show that the petitioner has made serious allegations  against her husband. She filed a criminal case against him for the offence  punishable underSection 498-A I.P.C. She also threatened to commit  suicide. While her conduct is not beyond reproach, is it such as to  disentitle her from being granted permanent alimony? Divorce is the termination of matrimonial relationship, and brings  to an end the status of a wife as such. On the status of a wife  being terminated, by a decree for divorce under the Hindu  Marriage Act, the rights of the divorced wife seem to be cribbed,  confined and cabined by the provisions of the Hindu Marriage  Act and to the rights available under Sections 25 and 27 of the  Act. (Kirtikant D. Vadodaria v. State of Gujarat ). Section 25 of the  Act confers power on the Court to secure payment of permanent  alimony, if necessary, by a charge of the immovable property of  the respondent. The said provision confers a discretion on the  Court, and enables exercise of the power to create a charge on  immovable properties if the Court considers it necessary to do so. 1. Whether a single creditor can file a petition under  section 9  of the act? And 2. Whether a debtor can be declared as insolvent  without proving that the alienation is to defeat and  delay the claim of general body of the creditors? Tadikamalla Venkata Ramana Kishore and ..  VERSUS Padarthi Santhakumari and others .  CIVIL MISCELLANEOUS SECOND APPEAL No.29 OF 2011             DATE OF JUDGMENT:- 24-06-2015'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 41,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1611,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 337,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 20,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 402.75,\n",
       "  'text': '42 CASES REFERRED:      1.      AIR 1969 AP 318   2.      2011 (4) ALT 171  3.      AIR 1977 AP 346   4.      AIR 1968 Madras 216   5.      AIR 1983 A.P.13  6.      AIR 1967 A.P.243  1. Whether a single creditor can file a petition under Section 9 of the  Act?  HELD:-15. The trial Court placing reliance in K.D.Nagappa v. Sannakka ,  held that a single creditor can maintain an insolvency petition  under Section 9 of the Act. In the said judgment, the single judge of this  Court relied on both Division Bench judgments of this Court and the  judgment of Division Bench of Madras High Court. 16. Learned counsel for respondent Nos.2 and 3 (appellants) drawn the  attention of this Court to the judgment of this Court in Pydimarri  Venkateswarlus case (supra 1), where the single judge of this Court held  that unless the creditor proved that the alienation was made to delay and  defeat the claims of general body of creditors, the debtor cannot be  adjudged as insolvent placing reliance on the judgment in Sanjeeva Reddy  v. Ellappa Reddy . Further, this Court, in a recent judgment in Gutta  Nirmalas case (supra 2) reiterated the same principle. But in both the  judgments, the Division Bench judgment of this Court in G.Ramachanders  case (supra 4) was not referred. Similarly, the judgment of the Madras  High Court was also not brought to the notice of this Court. Therefore,  these two judgments can be said to be per incurium. Hence, the principle  laid down in Gutta Nirmalas case (supra 2) is not a precedent, in view of  the Division Bench judgment of this Court. If the interpretation of the word'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 42,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1714,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 321,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 11,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 428.5,\n",
       "  'text': '43 creditor and creditors laid down in the judgment of Division Bench of this  Court is accepted, a single creditor can maintain a petition under Section  9 of the Act and even if transfer of property is made to defeat the claim, a  single creditor can maintain a petition for the reason that the plural  creditors and debts has no significance in insolvency law as held by the  Division Bench of this Court. Even according toSection 13 (2) of  the General Clauses Act, a singular includes plural and vice versa. For  better appreciation of the facts Section 13 of the General Clauses Act,  1897 is extracted hereunder: 13 Gender and number. In all (Central Acts) and Regulations, unless there  is anything repugnant in the subject or context, (1) words importing the  masculine gender shall be taken to include females; and (2) words in the  singular shall include the plural, and vice versa. Even if this principle is applied to the present facts of the  case, i have no hesitation to hold that the single creditor  can maintain a petition under section 9 of the act though  the transfer of property is to defeat the claim of a single  creditor. Hence, i find no substance in the contention of the  learned counsel for respondent nos.2 and 3. 2. Whether a debtor can be declared as insolvent without proving that  the alienation is to defeat and delay the claim of general body of the  creditors? HELD:-  24. Part-III of the Act from Sections 45 to 50 laid down procedure for proof  of debts. Following of such procedure under Sections 45 to 50 of the Act  would arise only after adjudging the debtor as insolvent. But here, the relief  under Sections 53, 54 of the Act was claimed simultaneously with the relief'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 43,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1819,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 334,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 11,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 454.75,\n",
       "  'text': '44 of adjudging the debtor as insolvent. The conditions laid down  under Section 54-A of the Act, were not complied by the petitioner to get  the transaction covered by sale deeds dated 10.03.2004 annulled. A  perusal of language used under Sections 53, 54 and 54-A of the Act and  the mode of proof of debt under Part-III of the Act (From Sections  45 to 50), it is clear that before moving an insolvency Court to annul  transfer of property, a creditor has to satisfy the following conditions: 1) The debtor must be adjudged as insolvent. 2) The creditor should prove his debt by following the  procedure contemplated under Part-III of the Act 3) He should have made a request to the Official Receiver  for moving insolvency Court for annulling fraudulent  transaction and that the Official Receiver refused to move  such petition for annulment. 25. In the instant case, by the date of filing the petition, seeking annulment  under Section 53 or 54 of the Act, the petitioner was not even adjudged as  insolvent. So, the first condition was not satisfied. The petitioner did not  approach the Official Receiver and proved his debt as contemplated under  Part-III of the Act and complied Section 54-A of the Act. Thereby, the order  annulling the sale transaction covered by sale deeds dated 10.03.2004  vide document Nos.2605 of 2004 and 2606 of 2004 passed by the trial  Court as confirmed by the appellate Court, is erroneous ex facie and  contrary to provisions of Act. Hence, the orders of the trial Court and the  appellate Court to the extent of annulling the sale deeds dated 10.03.2004  vide document Nos.2605 of 2004 and 2606 of 2004, is illegal and the same  is liable to be set aside. However, the petitioner is at liberty to move an  application after compliance of Sections 45 to 50 and 54-Aof the Act to'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 44,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1172,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 216,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 7,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 293.0,\n",
       "  'text': '45 annul the transfer of immovable property under Sections 53, 54 or 4 of the  Act. 26. In view of my foregoing discussion, I find no grounds to interfere with  the findings of the trial Court and the appellate Court except to the extent  indicated above in para 23 of this judgment. Through a circular dated 24-06-2010, the State Commission insisted  that in any complaint filed under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986  (for short the Act) against any firm or company, the complainant shall  file a certificate from the Registrar of Firms or the Registrar of  Companies, as the case may be, showing the names of partners or  directors as well as the memorandum of association and the articles  of association. P.Saraswathi Devi  vs  Andhra Pradesh State Consumer  Redressal Commission, Hyderabad  and seven others WRIT PETITION No. 33214 OF 2010     Date of Judgment:- 31-07-2014  Bench: HONBLE SRI JUSTICE L. NARASIMHA REDDY HONBLE SRI  JUSTICE  RAMESH  RANGANATHAN  HONBLE  SRI  JUSTICE  M.SATYANARAYANA MURTHY     Held:- When such is the simplicity of the procedure stipulated under the Act, there  cannot be any justification to place restrictions and burden upon the'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 45,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1580,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 283,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 10,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 395.0,\n",
       "  'text': '46 complainants through the circular. When a plaintiff in a suit is not placed  under obligation to furnish the details as to the composition or registration  of a firm or company that is shown as a defendant, it is just unimaginable  as to how a complainant in a proceedings under the Act can be required to  furnish such details in respect of a firm or company that is shown as a  respondent in the complaint. The circular runs contrary to the letter and  spirit of the Act which is reflected in Clause 4 of the Statement of Objects  and Reasons that has been extracted in the preceding paragraphs. In Writ Petition No. 2545 of 2011, this very circular was challenged. A  Division Bench of this Court which heard the matter did not undertake any  discussion with reference to the relevant provision of law. After taking note  of the contentions advanced by the petitioner on the one hand and the  learned Government Pleader on the other hand, the following observation  was made: The State Commission issued the impugned circular for production of  certain certificates specifying the names of the Partners and the Directors  in order to ascertain the particulars of the persons to be sued or sued.  Therefore, the State Commission in exercise of its administrative  powers issued the same for effective functioning of the internal  mechanism. With regard to the matters pertaining to the Partnership firm  or Company, the names of Partners and the Directors are required for the  purpose of adjudication. Therefore, we are not inclined to interfere with the  impugned circular.'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 46,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 1211,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 201,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 3,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 302.75,\n",
       "  'text': '47 The principles relating to (i) departmental  proceedings and proceedings in a criminal case:-  The State of Andhra Pradesh rep. by its Principal Secretary, Revenue (Vigilance.I) Department, Secretariat, Hyderabad & Anr.  VERUSU G.L.Ganeswara Rao S/o.Markandeyulu, Inspector of Survey Training Academy, Gachibowli, Hyderabad,  WRIT PETITION NO.35583 OF 2014, Date of judgment: 27-03-2015    HELD:- The principles, applicable in this regard, are:  (i) departmental proceedings and proceedings in a criminal  case can proceed simultaneously as there is no bar in their  being conducted simultaneously, though separately; (ii) if the departmental proceedings and the criminal case are  based on identical and similar set of facts, and the charge in  the criminal case against the delinquent employee is of a  grave nature which involves complicated questions of law  and fact, it would be desirable to stay the departmental  proceedings till the conclusion of the criminal case; (iii) whether the nature of a charge in a criminal case is  grave, and whether complicated questions of fact and law  are involved in that case, will depend upon the nature of the  offence, the nature of the case launched against the'},\n",
       " {'page_number': 47,\n",
       "  'page_char_count': 896,\n",
       "  'page_word_count': 163,\n",
       "  'page_sentence_count': 3,\n",
       "  'page_token_count': 224.0,\n",
       "  'text': '48 employee on the basis of evidence, and material collected  against him during investigation or as reflected in the charge  sheet; (iv) the factors, mentioned at (ii) and (iii) above, cannot be  considered in isolation to stay the departmental proceedings,  but due regard has to be given to the fact that departmental  proceedings cannot be unduly delayed; (v) if the criminal case does not proceed, or its disposal is being unduly  delayed, the departmental proceedings, even if they were stayed on  account of the pendency of the criminal case, can be resumed and  proceeded with so as to conclude them at an early date, so that, if the  employee is found not guilty, his honour may be vindicated and, in case he  is found guilty, the administration may get rid of him at the earliest. (Mohd.  Yousuf Miya,(1996) 6 SCC 417; M.Paul Anthony,(1999) 3 SCC 679;  Sarvesh Berry,(2005) 10 SCC 471).'}]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pages_and_texts"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 143,
   "id": "bf743f5f-00b1-472d-8b77-508100341a29",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Requirement already satisfied: PyMuPDF in /Users/thangarajmuruganantham/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages (1.23.26)\n",
      "Collecting pytesseract\n",
      "  Downloading pytesseract-0.3.10-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (11 kB)\n",
      "Requirement already satisfied: PyMuPDFb==1.23.22 in /Users/thangarajmuruganantham/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from PyMuPDF) (1.23.22)\n",
      "Requirement already satisfied: packaging>=21.3 in /Users/thangarajmuruganantham/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from pytesseract) (23.2)\n",
      "Requirement already satisfied: Pillow>=8.0.0 in /Users/thangarajmuruganantham/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from pytesseract) (10.2.0)\n",
      "Downloading pytesseract-0.3.10-py3-none-any.whl (14 kB)\n",
      "Installing collected packages: pytesseract\n",
      "Successfully installed pytesseract-0.3.10\n",
      "Note: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pip install PyMuPDF pytesseract"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 144,
   "id": "08fb4ac4-c843-4982-94d4-c1eb5d868ebf",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "Unsupported image object",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[144], line 19\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     17\u001b[0m base_image \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m doc\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mextract_image(xref)\n\u001b[1;32m     18\u001b[0m image_bytes \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m base_image[\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mimage\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m]\n\u001b[0;32m---> 19\u001b[0m text \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[43mocr_engine\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mimage_bytes\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[1;32m     20\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mprint\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;124mf\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mText from image \u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00mimg_idx\u001b[38;5;250m \u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m+\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;250m \u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m1\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;124m on page \u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00mpage\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mnumber\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;124m:\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m     21\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mprint\u001b[39m(text)\n",
      "File \u001b[0;32m~/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pytesseract/pytesseract.py:423\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mimage_to_string\u001b[0;34m(image, lang, config, nice, output_type, timeout)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    418\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;250m\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124;03m\"\"\"\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m    419\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;124;03mReturns the result of a Tesseract OCR run on the provided image to string\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m    420\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;124;03m\"\"\"\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m    421\u001b[0m args \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m [image, \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mtxt\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m, lang, config, nice, timeout]\n\u001b[0;32m--> 423\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m \u001b[43m{\u001b[49m\n\u001b[1;32m    424\u001b[0m \u001b[43m    \u001b[49m\u001b[43mOutput\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mBYTES\u001b[49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;28;43;01mlambda\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mrun_and_get_output\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m*\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43margs\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m+\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m[\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;28;43;01mTrue\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m]\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[1;32m    425\u001b[0m \u001b[43m    \u001b[49m\u001b[43mOutput\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mDICT\u001b[49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;28;43;01mlambda\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m{\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mtext\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mrun_and_get_output\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m*\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43margs\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\u001b[43m}\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[1;32m    426\u001b[0m \u001b[43m    \u001b[49m\u001b[43mOutput\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mSTRING\u001b[49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;28;43;01mlambda\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mrun_and_get_output\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m*\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43margs\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[1;32m    427\u001b[0m \u001b[43m\u001b[49m\u001b[43m}\u001b[49m\u001b[43m[\u001b[49m\u001b[43moutput_type\u001b[49m\u001b[43m]\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
      "File \u001b[0;32m~/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pytesseract/pytesseract.py:426\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mimage_to_string.<locals>.<lambda>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    418\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;250m\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124;03m\"\"\"\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m    419\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;124;03mReturns the result of a Tesseract OCR run on the provided image to string\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m    420\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;124;03m\"\"\"\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m    421\u001b[0m args \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m [image, \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mtxt\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m, lang, config, nice, timeout]\n\u001b[1;32m    423\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m {\n\u001b[1;32m    424\u001b[0m     Output\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mBYTES: \u001b[38;5;28;01mlambda\u001b[39;00m: run_and_get_output(\u001b[38;5;241m*\u001b[39m(args \u001b[38;5;241m+\u001b[39m [\u001b[38;5;28;01mTrue\u001b[39;00m])),\n\u001b[1;32m    425\u001b[0m     Output\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mDICT: \u001b[38;5;28;01mlambda\u001b[39;00m: {\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mtext\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m: run_and_get_output(\u001b[38;5;241m*\u001b[39margs)},\n\u001b[0;32m--> 426\u001b[0m     Output\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mSTRING: \u001b[38;5;28;01mlambda\u001b[39;00m: \u001b[43mrun_and_get_output\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m*\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43margs\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m,\n\u001b[1;32m    427\u001b[0m }[output_type]()\n",
      "File \u001b[0;32m~/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pytesseract/pytesseract.py:277\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mrun_and_get_output\u001b[0;34m(image, extension, lang, config, nice, timeout, return_bytes)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    267\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;21mrun_and_get_output\u001b[39m(\n\u001b[1;32m    268\u001b[0m     image,\n\u001b[1;32m    269\u001b[0m     extension\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m,\n\u001b[0;32m   (...)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    274\u001b[0m     return_bytes\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28;01mFalse\u001b[39;00m,\n\u001b[1;32m    275\u001b[0m ):\n\u001b[0;32m--> 277\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mwith\u001b[39;00m save(image) \u001b[38;5;28;01mas\u001b[39;00m (temp_name, input_filename):\n\u001b[1;32m    278\u001b[0m         kwargs \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m {\n\u001b[1;32m    279\u001b[0m             \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124minput_filename\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m: input_filename,\n\u001b[1;32m    280\u001b[0m             \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124moutput_filename_base\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m: temp_name,\n\u001b[0;32m   (...)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    285\u001b[0m             \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mtimeout\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m: timeout,\n\u001b[1;32m    286\u001b[0m         }\n\u001b[1;32m    288\u001b[0m         run_tesseract(\u001b[38;5;241m*\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m*\u001b[39mkwargs)\n",
      "File \u001b[0;32m~/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/contextlib.py:117\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36m_GeneratorContextManager.__enter__\u001b[0;34m(self)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    115\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdel\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39margs, \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mkwds, \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mfunc\n\u001b[1;32m    116\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mtry\u001b[39;00m:\n\u001b[0;32m--> 117\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28;43mnext\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mgen\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[1;32m    118\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mexcept\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mStopIteration\u001b[39;00m:\n\u001b[1;32m    119\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mRuntimeError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mgenerator didn\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mt yield\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m) \u001b[38;5;28;01mfrom\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28;01mNone\u001b[39;00m\n",
      "File \u001b[0;32m~/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pytesseract/pytesseract.py:197\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36msave\u001b[0;34m(image)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    195\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01myield\u001b[39;00m f\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mname, realpath(normpath(normcase(image)))\n\u001b[1;32m    196\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 197\u001b[0m image, extension \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[43mprepare\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mimage\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[1;32m    198\u001b[0m input_file_name \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;124mf\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00mf\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mname\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;124m_input\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00mextsep\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00mextension\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\n\u001b[1;32m    199\u001b[0m image\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39msave(input_file_name, \u001b[38;5;28mformat\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39mimage\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mformat)\n",
      "File \u001b[0;32m~/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pytesseract/pytesseract.py:174\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mprepare\u001b[0;34m(image)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    171\u001b[0m     image \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m Image\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mfromarray(image)\n\u001b[1;32m    173\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;129;01mnot\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28misinstance\u001b[39m(image, Image\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mImage):\n\u001b[0;32m--> 174\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mTypeError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mUnsupported image object\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m    176\u001b[0m extension \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mPNG\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;129;01mnot\u001b[39;00m image\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mformat \u001b[38;5;28;01melse\u001b[39;00m image\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mformat\n\u001b[1;32m    177\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m extension \u001b[38;5;129;01mnot\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;129;01min\u001b[39;00m SUPPORTED_FORMATS:\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: Unsupported image object"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import fitz\n",
    "import pytesseract\n",
    "\n",
    "# Open the PDF file\n",
    "pdf_path = \"pdf-test-pc.pdf\"\n",
    "doc = fitz.open(pdf_path)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Initialize PyTesseract OCR engine\n",
    "pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd = r'/opt/homebrew/bin/tesseract'  # Adjust this path as needed\n",
    "ocr_engine = pytesseract.image_to_string\n",
    "\n",
    "# Extract images from each page and perform OCR\n",
    "for page in doc:\n",
    "    images = page.get_images(full=True)\n",
    "    for img_idx, img_info in enumerate(images):\n",
    "        xref = img_info[0]\n",
    "        base_image = doc.extract_image(xref)\n",
    "        image_bytes = base_image[\"image\"]\n",
    "        text = ocr_engine(image_bytes)\n",
    "        print(f\"Text from image {img_idx + 1} on page {page.number}:\")\n",
    "        print(text)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Close the PDF file\n",
    "doc.close()\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 145,
   "id": "295c163e-8a0d-457a-97f1-9dfe3d6c8cd9",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "UnidentifiedImageError",
     "evalue": "cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120733810>",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mUnidentifiedImageError\u001b[0m                    Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[145], line 25\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     22\u001b[0m image_bytes \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m base_image[\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mimage\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m]\n\u001b[1;32m     24\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;66;03m# Convert image bytes to PIL Image object\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 25\u001b[0m pil_image \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[43mImage\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mopen\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mio\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mBytesIO\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mimage_bytes\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[1;32m     27\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;66;03m# Perform OCR on the PIL Image\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m     28\u001b[0m text \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m pytesseract\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mimage_to_string(pil_image)\n",
      "File \u001b[0;32m~/.pyenv/versions/3.9.5/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PIL/Image.py:3309\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mopen\u001b[0;34m(fp, mode, formats)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   3307\u001b[0m     warnings\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mwarn(message)\n\u001b[1;32m   3308\u001b[0m msg \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mcannot identify image file \u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m%r\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m%\u001b[39m (filename \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m filename \u001b[38;5;28;01melse\u001b[39;00m fp)\n\u001b[0;32m-> 3309\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m UnidentifiedImageError(msg)\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mUnidentifiedImageError\u001b[0m: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120733810>"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import fitz\n",
    "import pytesseract\n",
    "from PIL import Image\n",
    "import io\n",
    "\n",
    "# Open the PDF file\n",
    "pdf_path = \"pdf-test-pc.pdf\"\n",
    "doc = fitz.open(pdf_path)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Initialize PyTesseract OCR engine\n",
    "pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd = r'/opt/homebrew/bin/tesseract'  # Adjust this path as needed\n",
    "\n",
    "# Iterate over each page in the PDF\n",
    "for page in doc:\n",
    "    # Extract images from the page\n",
    "    images = page.get_images(full=True)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Iterate over each image on the page\n",
    "    for img_idx, img_info in enumerate(images):\n",
    "        xref = img_info[0]\n",
    "        base_image = doc.extract_image(xref)\n",
    "        image_bytes = base_image[\"image\"]\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # Convert image bytes to PIL Image object\n",
    "        pil_image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(image_bytes))\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # Perform OCR on the PIL Image\n",
    "        text = pytesseract.image_to_string(pil_image)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # Print the extracted text\n",
    "        print(f\"Text from image {img_idx + 1} on page {page.number}:\")\n",
    "        print(text)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Close the PDF file\n",
    "doc.close()\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 146,
   "id": "937f0c0b-c51f-4237-8c1a-3df08d40429c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Error processing image 1 on page 0: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105efca90>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 1: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1058eb540>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 2: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105f25b80>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 3: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120773360>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 4: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120773630>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 5: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1209aa4f0>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 6: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1058eb540>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 7: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105f25b80>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 8: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120773360>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 9: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105efc810>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 10: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1058eb130>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 11: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105efca90>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 12: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120733900>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 13: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120773630>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 14: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120e44d60>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 15: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1058eb130>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 16: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105efc810>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 17: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105f25270>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 18: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120e44d60>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 19: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1209aa4f0>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 20: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105efca90>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 21: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105f25b80>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 22: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105f25270>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 23: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120733900>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 24: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1209a1130>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 25: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120773630>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 26: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105efc810>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 27: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1058eb130>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 28: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120733950>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 29: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1058eb540>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 30: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120e44d60>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 31: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1059027c0>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 32: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1211d7220>\n",
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      "Error processing image 1 on page 35: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105f25b80>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 36: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x1209a1130>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 37: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x114614900>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 38: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120b78db0>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 39: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120773630>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 40: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120773360>\n",
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      "Error processing image 1 on page 121: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x105f25b80>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 122: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x120773630>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 123: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x114614900>\n",
      "Error processing image 1 on page 124: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x12118c270>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import fitz\n",
    "import pytesseract\n",
    "from PIL import Image\n",
    "import io\n",
    "\n",
    "# Open the PDF file\n",
    "pdf_path = \"pdf-test-pc.pdf\"\n",
    "doc = fitz.open(pdf_path)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Initialize PyTesseract OCR engine\n",
    "pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd = r'/opt/homebrew/bin/tesseract'  # Adjust this path as needed\n",
    "\n",
    "# Iterate over each page in the PDF\n",
    "for page in doc:\n",
    "    # Extract images from the page\n",
    "    images = page.get_images(full=True)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Iterate over each image on the page\n",
    "    for img_idx, img_info in enumerate(images):\n",
    "        xref = img_info[0]\n",
    "        base_image = doc.extract_image(xref)\n",
    "        image_bytes = base_image[\"image\"]\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # Try to determine the image format\n",
    "        try:\n",
    "            # Open the image bytes as a PIL Image object\n",
    "            pil_image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(image_bytes))\n",
    "            \n",
    "            # Perform OCR on the PIL Image\n",
    "            text = pytesseract.image_to_string(pil_image)\n",
    "            \n",
    "            # Print the extracted text\n",
    "            print(f\"Text from image {img_idx + 1} on page {page.number}:\")\n",
    "            print(text)\n",
    "            \n",
    "        except Exception as e:\n",
    "            print(f\"Error processing image {img_idx + 1} on page {page.number}: {e}\")\n",
    "\n",
    "# Close the PDF file\n",
    "doc.close()\n"
   ]
  }
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