diff --git a/docs/web/release-notes-4.0.3.md b/docs/web/release-notes-4.0.3.md
index dcf0a0413..bb2089992 100644
--- a/docs/web/release-notes-4.0.3.md
+++ b/docs/web/release-notes-4.0.3.md
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ eqnPrefixTemplate: "($$i$$)"
 
 # Issues fixed
 
+## Issue 524: [mfront] prevent importing a model not implemented using the Model DSL in behaviors
+
+For more details, see <https://github.com/thelfer/tfel/issues/524>
+
 ## Issue 522: [mfront] Visual Studio 2022 compiler intrinsic type traits error C2139
 
 For more details, see <https://github.com/thelfer/tfel/issues/522>
diff --git a/mfront/src/BehaviourDSLCommon.cxx b/mfront/src/BehaviourDSLCommon.cxx
index 346d5af40..496d56ca5 100644
--- a/mfront/src/BehaviourDSLCommon.cxx
+++ b/mfront/src/BehaviourDSLCommon.cxx
@@ -883,9 +883,19 @@ namespace mfront {
       getLogStream() << "BehaviourDSLCommon::getModelDescription: "
                      << "treating file '" << f << "'\n";
     }
+    // 
+    const auto path = SearchPathsHandler::search(f);
+    // a simple test to fix Issue #524
+    const auto adsl = MFrontBase::getDSL(path);
+    if (adsl->getTargetType() != AbstractDSL::MODELDSL) {
+      this->throwRuntimeError("BehaviourDSLCommon::getModelDescription",
+                              "error while treating file '" + f +
+                                  "'.\n"
+                                  "This file is not handled by the Model DSL");
+    }
+    //
     const auto& global_options =
         GlobalDomainSpecificLanguageOptionsManager::get();
-    const auto path = SearchPathsHandler::search(f);
     auto dsl = ModelDSL{tfel::utilities::merge(
         global_options.getModelDSLOptions(), this->buildDSLOptions(), true)};
     // getting informations the source files