diff --git a/src/app/components/cmd_executor.rs b/src/app/components/cmd_executor.rs
index f45e488..fc95c4a 100644
--- a/src/app/components/cmd_executor.rs
+++ b/src/app/components/cmd_executor.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 use crate::io::*;
 
 #[derive(new)]
-pub struct CmdExecutor {
+pub struct CmdExecutor<'a> {
     pub command: String,
-    pub executor: std::sync::Arc<dyn PipedCmdExecute + Send + Sync>,
+    pub executor: &'a (dyn PipedCmdExecute + Send + Sync),
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl super::Component for CmdExecutor {
+impl<'a> super::Component for CmdExecutor<'a> {
     type Output = anyhow::Result<Exit>;
 
     async fn handle(&self) -> Self::Output {
diff --git a/src/app/components/wait.rs b/src/app/components/wait.rs
index fcb5c2c..8a2809d 100644
--- a/src/app/components/wait.rs
+++ b/src/app/components/wait.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 use crate::io::*;
 
-pub struct WaitSec {
+pub struct WaitSec<'a> {
     pub sec: f64,
-    pub sleeper: std::sync::Arc<dyn Sleep + Send + Sync>,
+    pub sleeper: &'a (dyn Sleep + Send + Sync),
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl super::Component for WaitSec {
+impl<'a> super::Component for WaitSec<'a> {
     type Output = ();
 
     async fn handle(&self) -> Self::Output {
diff --git a/src/app/retry.rs b/src/app/retry.rs
index 1db0e95..78a2dea 100644
--- a/src/app/retry.rs
+++ b/src/app/retry.rs
@@ -52,16 +52,16 @@ where
 }
 
 #[derive(new)]
-pub struct SharedParams<C> {
+pub struct SharedParams<'a, C> {
     command: String,
     interval: f64,
-    executor: std::sync::Arc<dyn PipedCmdExecute + Send + Sync>,
-    sleeper: std::sync::Arc<dyn Sleep + Send + Sync>,
+    executor: &'a (dyn PipedCmdExecute + Send + Sync),
+    sleeper: &'a (dyn Sleep + Send + Sync),
     inner: C,
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl<T: 'static, C: Component<Output = T> + Send + Sync> Component for SharedParams<C> {
+impl<T: 'static, C: Component<Output = T> + Send + Sync> Component for SharedParams<'_, C> {
     type Output = T;
 
     async fn handle(&self) -> Self::Output {
@@ -69,8 +69,10 @@ impl<T: 'static, C: Component<Output = T> + Send + Sync> Component for SharedPar
     }
 }
 
-impl From<SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>>> for SharedParams<WaitSec> {
-    fn from(state: SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>>) -> Self {
+impl<'a> From<SharedParams<'a, PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor<'a>>>>
+    for SharedParams<'a, WaitSec<'a>>
+{
+    fn from(state: SharedParams<'a, PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>>) -> Self {
         Self {
             inner: WaitSec {
                 sec: state.interval,
@@ -84,14 +86,16 @@ impl From<SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>>> for SharedParams<Wait
     }
 }
 
-impl From<SharedParams<WaitSec>> for SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>> {
-    fn from(state: SharedParams<WaitSec>) -> Self {
+impl<'a> From<SharedParams<'a, WaitSec<'a>>>
+    for SharedParams<'a, PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor<'a>>>
+{
+    fn from(state: SharedParams<'a, WaitSec>) -> Self {
         Self {
             inner: PrintableCmdNotFound {
                 command: state.command.to_owned(),
                 inner: CmdExecutor {
                     command: state.command.to_owned(),
-                    executor: state.executor.clone(),
+                    executor: state.executor,
                 },
             },
             command: state.command,
@@ -102,16 +106,21 @@ impl From<SharedParams<WaitSec>> for SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecut
     }
 }
 
-impl RetryApp<SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>>, SharedParams<WaitSec>> {
-    pub fn new(command: String, count: Option<usize>, interval: f64) -> Self {
-        let executor = std::sync::Arc::new(PipedCmdExecutor);
-        let sleeper = std::sync::Arc::new(Sleeper);
-
+impl<'a>
+    RetryApp<SharedParams<'a, PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor<'a>>>, SharedParams<'a, WaitSec<'a>>>
+{
+    pub fn new(
+        command: String,
+        count: Option<usize>,
+        interval: f64,
+        executor: &'a (dyn PipedCmdExecute + Send + Sync),
+        sleeper: &'a (dyn Sleep + Send + Sync),
+    ) -> Self {
         Self {
             state: State::ExecuteCommand(SharedParams::new(
                 command.to_owned(),
                 interval,
-                executor.clone(),
+                executor,
                 sleeper,
                 PrintableCmdNotFound::new(command.to_owned(), CmdExecutor::new(command, executor)),
             )),
diff --git a/src/app/supervise.rs b/src/app/supervise.rs
index c0ebd7b..1a89c1b 100644
--- a/src/app/supervise.rs
+++ b/src/app/supervise.rs
@@ -47,16 +47,16 @@ where
 }
 
 #[derive(new)]
-pub struct SharedParams<C> {
+pub struct SharedParams<'a, C> {
     command: String,
     interval: f64,
-    executor: std::sync::Arc<dyn PipedCmdExecute + Send + Sync>,
-    sleeper: std::sync::Arc<dyn Sleep + Send + Sync>,
+    executor: &'a (dyn PipedCmdExecute + Send + Sync),
+    sleeper: &'a (dyn Sleep + Send + Sync),
     inner: C,
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl<T: 'static, C: Component<Output = T> + Send + Sync> Component for SharedParams<C> {
+impl<T: 'static, C: Component<Output = T> + Send + Sync, 'a> Component for SharedParams<'a, C> {
     type Output = T;
 
     async fn handle(&self) -> Self::Output {
@@ -64,8 +64,10 @@ impl<T: 'static, C: Component<Output = T> + Send + Sync> Component for SharedPar
     }
 }
 
-impl From<SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>>> for SharedParams<WaitSec> {
-    fn from(state: SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>>) -> Self {
+impl<'a> From<SharedParams<'a, PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor<'a>>>>
+    for SharedParams<'a, WaitSec<'a>>
+{
+    fn from(state: SharedParams<'a, PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor<'a>>>) -> Self {
         Self {
             inner: WaitSec {
                 sec: state.interval,
@@ -79,14 +81,16 @@ impl From<SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>>> for SharedParams<Wait
     }
 }
 
-impl From<SharedParams<WaitSec>> for SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>> {
-    fn from(state: SharedParams<WaitSec>) -> Self {
+impl<'a> From<SharedParams<'a, WaitSec<'a>>>
+    for SharedParams<'a, PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor<'a>>>
+{
+    fn from(state: SharedParams<'a, WaitSec<'a>>) -> Self {
         Self {
             inner: PrintableCmdNotFound {
                 command: state.command.to_owned(),
                 inner: CmdExecutor {
                     command: state.command.to_owned(),
-                    executor: state.executor.clone(),
+                    executor: &*state.executor,
                 },
             },
             command: state.command,
@@ -97,16 +101,24 @@ impl From<SharedParams<WaitSec>> for SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecut
     }
 }
 
-impl SuperviseApp<SharedParams<PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor>>, SharedParams<WaitSec>> {
-    pub fn new(command: String, count: Option<usize>, interval: f64) -> Self {
-        let executor = std::sync::Arc::new(PipedCmdExecutor);
-        let sleeper = std::sync::Arc::new(Sleeper);
-
+impl<'a>
+    SuperviseApp<
+        SharedParams<'a, PrintableCmdNotFound<CmdExecutor<'a>>>,
+        SharedParams<'a, WaitSec<'a>>,
+    >
+{
+    pub fn new(
+        command: String,
+        count: Option<usize>,
+        interval: f64,
+        executor: &'a (dyn PipedCmdExecute + Send + Sync),
+        sleeper: &'a (dyn Sleep + Send + Sync),
+    ) -> Self {
         Self {
             state: State::ExecuteCommand(SharedParams::new(
                 command.to_owned(),
                 interval,
-                executor.clone(),
+                executor,
                 sleeper,
                 PrintableCmdNotFound::new(command.to_owned(), CmdExecutor::new(command, executor)),
             )),
diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
index 5c5143a..b69492a 100644
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ mod io;
 
 use app::*;
 use config::*;
+use io::*;
 
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() {
@@ -33,6 +34,8 @@ async fn main() {
     use structopt::StructOpt;
 
     let config = Config::from_args();
+    let executor = PipedCmdExecutor;
+    let sleeper = Sleeper;
 
     let state_machine = match config {
         Config::retry {
@@ -40,7 +43,14 @@ async fn main() {
             count,
             interval,
         } => Either::Left(
-            run(RetryApp::new(command.join(" "), count, interval)).map(|output| match output {
+            run(RetryApp::new(
+                command.join(" "),
+                count,
+                interval,
+                &executor,
+                &sleeper,
+            ))
+            .map(|output| match output {
                 RetryResult::Success => 0,
                 RetryResult::Failure => 1,
             }),
@@ -49,7 +59,16 @@ async fn main() {
             command,
             count,
             interval,
-        } => Either::Right(run(SuperviseApp::new(command.join(" "), count, interval)).map(|_| 0)),
+        } => Either::Right(
+            run(SuperviseApp::new(
+                command.join(" "),
+                count,
+                interval,
+                &executor,
+                &sleeper,
+            ))
+            .map(|_| 0),
+        ),
     };
 
     std::process::exit(state_machine.await);