Some component ideas

[ColonelGerdauf]

Here are some ideas for gates:

[in, sig, out] transistor - basically a block that accepts a dialing red stone signal, in order to allow through another redstone signal as-is
[in, out] capacitor - a signal booster that has a delayed reduction of power when signal is removed, and also a small delay when a new signal is sent
[in, out] resistor - reduces redstone current amount, in exchange for heat (useful in Tough As Nails, Survive, and Cold Sweat) and weak light
[in, out] diode - only passes redstone signal if sent one way, can produce light (LED)
[in, out] fuse - disables transmission if redstone signal is beyond a given amount (can be manually reset by clicking on it)
[in, out1, out2, out3] phase splitter - splits an input into three timed (phased) outputs, switching from one output to another in timed intervals

There can be a different version of phase splitter where the clocks of each output are different from one another (01, 001, 00001, etc), or maybe a dial that changes the phase clocks