diff --git a/app/Http/Requests/StudentUpdateRequest.php b/app/Http/Requests/StudentUpdateRequest.php
index 2f6314f..283769e 100644
--- a/app/Http/Requests/StudentUpdateRequest.php
+++ b/app/Http/Requests/StudentUpdateRequest.php
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 use App\StudentData;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;
 use Illuminate\Validation\Rule;
-use Illuminate\Support\Str;
 
 class StudentUpdateRequest extends FormRequest
 {
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ public function rules(): array
             ],
             'research_profile.lang_proficiency' => 'sometimes|array',
             'research_profile.lang_proficiency.*' => 'string|in:limited,basic,professional,native',
-            'research_profile.*' => $this->validateCustomQuestions($schools),
+            'research_profile.*' => $this->validateCustomQuestions(),
             'research_profile.graduation_date' => 'required|date|after:today',
             'research_profile.credit' => 'required|numeric|between:-1,1',
         ];
@@ -98,38 +97,56 @@ public function attributes()
         ];
     }
 
-    public function validateCustomQuestions() 
+    /**
+     * Check if attr is a custom question and validates the value based on the question type.
+     * Supported question types:
+     * - `yes_no`: Validates that the value is either "1" or "0".
+     * - Other types: Ensures the value does not exceed 1000 characters if it is a string.
+     * 
+     * @return \Closure A validation closure to be used in validation rules.
+     */
+    public function validateCustomQuestions()
     {
         return function($attr, $value, $fail) {
             
+            $errors = [];
+            
             $questions = StudentData::customQuestions()->flatten(1);
             $question_name = substr($attr, strpos($attr, '.') + 1);
 
-            $question_settings = $questions->first(function ($q) use ($question_name) {
-                            return isset($q['name'], $q['type']) && $q['name'] === $question_name;
-                        });
+            $question_settings = $questions->first(fn($q) => isset($q['name'], $q['type']) && $q['name'] === $question_name);
 
             if (is_null($question_settings)) {
-                return;
+                return false;
             }
 
-            foreach ($value as $question => $answer) {
-
-                switch ($question_settings['type']) {
-                    case 'yes_no':
-                        if (!in_array($answer, ["1", "0"])) {
-                            $formated_question_name = strtolower(str_replace('_', ' ', $question));
-                            $fail("The answer to {$formated_question_name} must be Yes or No.");
-                        }
-                        break;
-                    default:
-                    if (strlen($answer) > 1000) {
-                        $formated_question_name = strtolower(str_replace('_', ' ', $question));
-                        $fail("The value for the {$formated_question_name} question cannot exceed 1000 characters.");
+            switch ($question_settings['type']) {
+                case 'yes_no':
+                    if (!in_array($value, ["1", "0"], true)) {
+                        $formatted_question_name = $this->formatQuestionName($question_name);
+                        $errors[] = "The answer to {$formatted_question_name} must be Yes or No.";
+                    }
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    if (is_string($value) && strlen($value) > 1000) {
+                        $formatted_question_name = $this->formatQuestionName($question_name);
+                        $errors[] = "The value for the {$formatted_question_name} question cannot exceed 1000 characters.";
                     }
                     break;
-                }
+            }
+
+            foreach ($errors as $error) {
+                $fail($error);
             }
         };
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper function to format question name
+     * @param string $question_name
+     * @return string
+    */ 
+    function formatQuestionName($question_name) {
+        return strtolower(str_replace('_', ' ', $question_name));
+    }
 }