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<div id="content" class="content">
<h1 class="title">Getting firmware from teenage engineering.</h1>
<div id="outline-container-org7b19443" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="org7b19443">Summary:</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org7b19443">
<p>
A nobody like me, getting firmware from teenage engineerings website.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org511d8a3" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="org511d8a3">Introduction</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org511d8a3">
<p>
Teenage engineering direct people to their website updater <a href="https://teenage.engineering/apps/update">https://teenage.engineering/apps/update</a>
which can update a number of Teenage Engineering devices.
</p>
<p>
As usual, web programming is going to us javascript so lets start by seeing what is loaded.
I fire up developer tools and go to the network table, while loading the page:
</p>
<div id="orgdada07d" class="figure">
<p><img src="images/te-download-1.png" alt="te-download-1.png" width="800px" />
</p>
</div>
<p>
We can see that it loads index.js , this would be where I would start.
Downloading that file it looks like a mess, but its javascript so that
really shouldnt be surprising, i mean what else can it be.
</p>
<p>
Much like most JS written by crazy people, it uses react and some kind
of twisted obfustication process to minimise the js.
</p>
<p>
If i download the js, its not the entire file:
</p>
<pre class="example" id="org9321867">
()=>{var Mp=Object.create;var Uo=Object.defineProperty;var Np=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var
Op=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var Lp=Object.getPrototypeOf,zp=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var
pr=(e,t)=>()=>(t||e((t={exports:{}}).exports,t),t.exports),Tu=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)Uo(e,r,
{get:t[r],enumerable:!0})},Hp=(e,t,r,i)=>{if(t&&typeof t=="object"||typeof t=="function")for
(let n of Op(t))!zp.call(e,n)&&n!==r&&Uo(e,n,{get:()=>t[n],enumerable:!(i=Np(t,n))||i.enumerable})
;return e};var Fe=(e,t,r)=>(r=e!=null?Mp(Lp(e)):{},Hp(t||!e||!e.__esModule?Uo(r,"default",
{value:e,enumerable:!0}):r,e));var Nu=pr(J=>{"use strict";var
</pre>
<p>
If i view the request in the details tab however, chrome was nice enough to "pretty print" the
javascript file.
</p>
<p>
Unfortunately, its a mess of react and minification has stripped useful names from the functions
and variables, so I'm going to have to take another direction. Great.
</p>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org44b1111" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org44b1111">The midi diversion.</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-org44b1111">
<p>
So, I noticed that when I visit the page, a prompt appears in chrome asking for permission
to access a midi device. So I assume that this means the browser needed to support
some web midi standard.
</p>
<p>
I googled 'midi browser support' and chose the most legit looking link in the list, I think
I can trust MDN right ? So in <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_MIDI_API">https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_MIDI_API</a>
</p>
<p>
I see 97 mentions of "MIDI" in the javascript, so i'll try another idea.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org6ec3591" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org6ec3591">Tracking the download.</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-org6ec3591">
<p>
I found there were, many, many uses of the word, "url" so checking that was going to be painful.
</p>
<p>
I know that this site probably and keeps a download in memory using javascript which
means that this is likely using 'fetch' somewhere beneath the covers.
</p>
<p>
The first use is here:
</p>
<pre class="example">
static async fetchFirmware(e) {
let t = await fetch(e);
return new Uint8Array(await t.arrayBuffer())
}
</pre>
<p>
I don't have an "EP-133" to plug in and test, otherwise at this point
i'd just put a break point on the fetch, and then inspect variables while
beginning the update.
</p>
<p>
So I look for another fetch
</p>
<pre class="example" id="org5a7618a">
let r = (await fetch("/_software/releases.json").then(i=>i.json()).then(i=>i).catch(i=>i)).devices;
</pre>
<p>
Oh hello friend, this looks like a method to get a list of software releases, lets see what
we can find.
</p>
<p>
I fudged around and found the final url here: <a href="https://teenage.engineering/_software/releases.json">https://teenage.engineering/_software/releases.json</a>
</p>
<p>
Which looks something like this
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-json"><span style="color: #458588;">{</span>
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"devices"</span>: <span style="color: #b16286;">[</span>
<span style="color: #8ec07c;">{</span>
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"sku"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"TE028AS"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"version"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"1.2.10"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"fw_url"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"https://teenage.engineering/_software/tx-6/tx-6_firmware_1_2_10.tfw"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"link"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"https://teenage.engineering/downloads/tx-6"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"release_notes"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"- integration with TP-7 recorder and new usb audio mode\n- usb audio host mode support and integration with CM-15 microphone\n- control master volume with OR-1 remote\n- compensate clock for more accurate sample rate"</span>
<span style="color: #8ec07c;">}</span>,
<span style="color: #8ec07c;">{</span>
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"sku"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"TE002AS002"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"version"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"1.5.0"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"fw_url"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"https://teenage.engineering/_software/op-1/field/op1_field_firmware_1_5_0.tfw"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"link"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"https://teenage.engineering/downloads/op-1/field"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"release_notes"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"- new effect: terminal\n- tape merge drop\n- bug fixes"</span>
<span style="color: #8ec07c;">}</span>,
<span style="color: #8ec07c;">{</span>
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"sku"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"TE029AS"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"version"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"1.0.5"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"fw_url"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"https://teenage.engineering/_software/cm-15/cm-15_firmware_1_0_5.tfw"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"link"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"https://teenage.engineering/downloads/cm-15"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"release_notes"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"- initial release"</span>
<span style="color: #8ec07c;">}</span>,
<span style="color: #8ec07c;">{</span>
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"sku"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"TE025AS"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"version"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"1.0.8"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"fw_url"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"https://teenage.engineering/_software/tp-7/tp-7_firmware_1_0_8.tfw"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"link"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"https://teenage.engineering/downloads/tp-7"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"release_notes"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"- recording sample rate selectable\n- continue recording on new file\n- adjust led strength in three levels\n- dim display on inactivity\n- option to disable memo wake\n- rocker tuning\n- faster mtp transfer\n- tuning of internal speaker\n- bug fixes"</span>
<span style="color: #8ec07c;">}</span>,
<span style="color: #8ec07c;">{</span>
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"sku"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"TE032AS001"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"version"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"1.1.2"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"fw_url"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"https://teenage.engineering/_software/ep-133/ep-133_firmware_1_1_2.tfw"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"link"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"https://teenage.engineering/downloads/ep-133"</span>,
<span style="color: #fb4933;">"release_notes"</span>: <span style="color: #b8bb26;">"- while holding fader button, red leds will blink to show which fader functions have been tweaked\n- hold erase+fader two seconds while stopped to reset all fader levels of the selected group and pattern\n- group project volume are now reset when loading a project\n- floppy icon enabled to show when data is being saved and will blink to indicate space is being freed up in the background after erasing a sound\n- usb icon is now lit when there is a connection. icon blinks when there is activity\n- tweaked envelope release and filter resonance\n- fixed various stability problems\n- fixed lost midi messages\n- fixed chorus audio glitch\n- fixed swapped left/right channels"</span>
<span style="color: #8ec07c;">}</span>
<span style="color: #b16286;">]</span>
<span style="color: #458588;">}</span>
</pre>
</div>
<p>
So, i'll go snarf down "<a href="https://teenage.engineering/_software/ep-133/ep-133_firmware_1_1_2.tfw">https://teenage.engineering/_software/ep-133/ep-133_firmware_1_1_2.tfw</a>"
</p>
<p>
We know from the Teenage engienering page that there is alsov ersion 1.1.0 and version 1.1.1
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-sh">wget https://teenage.engineering/_software/ep-133/ep-133_firmware_1_1_2.tfw
wget https://teenage.engineering/_software/ep-133/ep-133_firmware_1_1_0.tfw
wget https://teenage.engineering/_software/ep-133/ep-133_firmware_1_1_1.tfw
</pre>
</div>
<p>
So, now we have the firmare, I'd like to look at how it works.
</p>
<p>
Using the firmware analysis tool <a href="https://github.com/ReFirmLabs/binwalk">binwalk</a> , I tried to see if it contained any
known file headers. It didnt look good, there are a lot of false positives, every
one of of them turned out to be incorrect.
</p>
<p>
The binwalk documentation says that encrypted firmware should have a high degree
of randomness across the file.
</p>
<p>
Here is the graph that it produced, its very for each of the firmware files, so
I wont upload all three.
</p>
<div id="org129f09d" class="figure">
<p><img src="images/133-randomness.png" alt="133-randomness.png" width="800px" />
</p>
</div>
<p>
The first chunk of data up to 0x480 do not contain randomness.
</p>
<pre class="example">
00000000: babe cafe 003b 5200 0100 0100 0200 0000 .....;R.........
00000010: 0800 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000020: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000030: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000040: beef cafe 0100 05bf 9b64 5700 0100 0100 .........dW.....
00000050: 0200 0000 0000 0000 0800 0100 0000 0000 ................
00000060: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000070: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000080: 3db8 f396 0000 0000 0004 0000 70ba 0500 =...........p...
00000090: 0400 0000 0101 0200 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
000000a0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
<snip>
00000450: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000460: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000470: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
</pre>
<p>
Some of these fields can be mapped to values if we read the javascript
from the <a href="https://teenage.engineering/apps/update">update utility</a>. I will see what i can determine from there.
</p>
<p>
The next step might be to dump the firmware from the flash memory on the
real hardware, however I dont have a lot of experience in this, I would
need to buy hardware to to do it.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org3ece7b7" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="org3ece7b7">Conclusion</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org3ece7b7">
<p>
Sadly, Teenage Engineering ships encrypted firmware, which I have shown that you
can get a copy of. None of the verisons have unencrypted data, so the key to
decrypt is not available to the public at this time.
</p>
<p>
If you have high resolution shots of the PCB, please send them to me.
</p>
<p>
If you are from teenage engineering and willing to share their build environment
and code, that'd be nice, please contact me.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org50518ed" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="org50518ed">Resources:</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org50518ed">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Teenage engineering update utility - <a href="https://teenage.engineering/apps/update">https://teenage.engineering/apps/update</a></li>
<li>Binwalk (firwmare analysis tool) - <a href="https://github.com/ReFirmLabs/binwalk">https://github.com/ReFirmLabs/binwalk</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>