diff --git a/docs/getting-started.md b/docs/basic-building-blocks.md similarity index 98% rename from docs/getting-started.md rename to docs/basic-building-blocks.md index f97c0c403..c75099a92 100644 --- a/docs/getting-started.md +++ b/docs/basic-building-blocks.md @@ -1,17 +1,11 @@ --- -id: getting-started -title: "Getting Started" +id: basic-building-blocks +title: "Basic Building Blocks" --- To get started, first we need to understand that a ZIO Schema is basically built-up from these three sealed traits: `Record[R]`, `Enum[A]` and `Sequence[Col, Elem]`, along with the case class `Primitive[A]`. Every other type is just a specialisation of one of these (or not relevant to get you started). -We will take a look at them now. - -## Basic Building Blocks - -### Schema - The core data type of ZIO Schema is a `Schema[A]` which is **invariant in `A`** by necessity, because a Schema allows us to derive operations that produce an `A` but also operations that consume an `A` and that imposes limitations on the types of **transformation operators** and **composition operators** that we can provide based on a `Schema`. It looks kind of like this (simplified): @@ -24,7 +18,7 @@ sealed trait Schema[A] { self => } ``` -### Primitives +## Primitives To describe scalar data type `A`, we use the `Primitive[A]` data type which basically is a wrapper around `StandardType`: @@ -61,7 +55,7 @@ val intSchema1: Schema[Int] = Schema[Int] val intSchema2: Schema[Int] = Schema.primitive[Int] ``` -### Fail +## Fail To represents the absence of schema information for the given `A` type, we can use `Schema.fail` constructor, which creates the following schema: @@ -74,9 +68,9 @@ object Schema { } ``` -### Collections +## Collections -#### Sequence +### Sequence Often we have a type that is a collection of elements. For example, we might have a `List[User]`. This is called a `Sequence` and is represented using the `Sequence[Col, Elem, I]` type class: @@ -137,7 +131,7 @@ object Person { } ``` -#### Map +### Map Likewise, we can have a type that is a map of keys to values. ZIO Schema represents this using the following type class: @@ -170,7 +164,7 @@ object Person { } ``` -#### Set +### Set The `Set` type class is similar to `Sequence` and `Map`. It is used to represent a schema for a set of elements: @@ -202,7 +196,7 @@ object Person { } ``` -### Records +## Records Our data structures usually are composed of a lot of types. For example, we might have a `User` type that has a `name` field, an `age` field, an `address` field, and a `friends` field. @@ -299,7 +293,7 @@ object Schema { } ``` -### Enumerations +## Enumerations Other times, you might have a type that represents a list of different types. For example, we might have a type, like this: @@ -364,7 +358,7 @@ object Schema { } ``` -### Optionals +## Optionals To create a `Schema` for optional values, we can use the `Optional` type class: @@ -383,7 +377,7 @@ Using the `Schema.option[A]` constructor, makes it easier to do so: val option: Schema[Option[Person]] = Schema.option[Person] ``` -### Either +## Either Here is the same but for `Either`: @@ -404,7 +398,7 @@ val eitherPersonSchema: Schema[scala.util.Either[String, Person]] = Schema.either[String, Person] ``` -### Tuple +## Tuple Each schema has a `Schema#zip` operator that allows us to combine two schemas and create a schema for a tuple of the two types: diff --git a/docs/index.md b/docs/index.md index d516b4930..18d4458a4 100644 --- a/docs/index.md +++ b/docs/index.md @@ -10,6 +10,31 @@ sidebar_label: "Introduction" ## Introduction +ZIO Schema helps us to solve some of the most common problems in distributed computing, such as serialization, deserialization, and data migration. + +```scala +trait Schema[A] { + def schema: Schema[A] +} +``` + +The trait `Schema[A]` is the core data type of this library. The `Schema[A]` is a description of the structure of a data type `A`, it is a data type that describes other data types. It is a first-class value that can be passed around, composed, and manipulated. + +It turns a compiled-time construct (the type of a data structure) into a runtime construct (a value that can be read, manipulated, and composed at runtime). + +## What Problems Does ZIO Schema Solve? + +1. Metaprogramming without macros, reflection or complicated implicit derivations. + 1. Creating serialization and deserialization codecs for any supported protocol (JSON, protobuf, etc.) + 2. Deriving standard type classes (`Eq`, `Show`, `Ordering`, etc.) from the structure of the data + 4. Default values for data types +2. Automate ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) pipelines + 1. Diffing: diffing between two values of the same type + 2. Patching: applying a diff to a value to update it + 3. Migration: migrating values from one type to another +3. Computations as data: Not only we can turn types into values, but we can also turn computations into values. This opens up a whole new world of possibilities in respect to distributed computing. + 1. Optics + Schema is a structure of a data type. ZIO Schema reifies the concept of structure for data types. It makes a high-level description of any data type and makes them as first-class values. Creating a schema for a data type helps us to write codecs for that data type. So this library can be a host of functionalities useful for writing codecs and protocols like JSON, Protobuf, CSV, and so forth. diff --git a/docs/motivation.md b/docs/motivation.md index 77470f3da..dc09df9e5 100644 --- a/docs/motivation.md +++ b/docs/motivation.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ --- id: motivation -title: "Understanding The Motivation Behind ZIO Schema" +title: "The Motivation Behind ZIO Schema" +sidebar_label: "Motivation" --- ZIO Schema is a library used in many ZIO projects such as _ZIO Flow_, _ZIO Redis_, _ZIO Web_, _ZIO SQL_ and _ZIO DynamoDB_. It is all about reification of our types. Reification means transforming something abstract (e.g. side effects, accessing fields, structure) into something "real" (values). diff --git a/docs/sidebars.js b/docs/sidebars.js index bf99c66cc..9b700ffc3 100644 --- a/docs/sidebars.js +++ b/docs/sidebars.js @@ -6,19 +6,18 @@ const sidebars = { collapsed: false, link: { type: "doc", id: "index" }, items: [ + "motivation", "use-cases", + "basic-building-blocks", { type: "category", label: "Writing Schema", collapsed: true, - link: { type: "doc", id: "index" }, items: [ "manual-schema-construction", "automatic-schema-derivation" ], }, - "motivation", - "getting-started", "transforming-schemas", "codecs", "protobuf-example",