feat: adds lesson 16 homework and infrastructure (#360)

* chore fixed typo

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* feat: adds lesson_16 homework framework code

* chore: add Spring Web dep

* feat: implements initial api controller for media items

* chore: rejiggers deps to use Spring config

* chore: lint

* tests: adds controller tests

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* chore: adds gh actions

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* chore: resets controller for assignment

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* docs: adds assignment details

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* chore: introduces MediaType enum

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* fix: adds missing import

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* chore: adds message validation constraints

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* chore: adds request validation reporting

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* docs: renamed references section and moved

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* chore: adds proper id for library guests separate from email.

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

* chore: adds ability to find library guest by email.

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

---------

Signed-off-by: Anthony D. Mays <anthony@morganlatimer.com>

.github/workflows/check_lesson_16_pr.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+name: Check Lesson 16 Pull Request
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ "main" ]
+    paths:
+      - "lesson_16/api/**"
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - name: Set up JDK 17
+      uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+      with:
+        java-version: '17'
+        distribution: 'temurin'
+
+    # Configure Gradle for optimal use in GiHub Actions, including caching of downloaded dependencies.
+    # See: https://github.com/gradle/actions/blob/main/setup-gradle/README.md
+    - name: Setup Gradle
+      uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@417ae3ccd767c252f5661f1ace9f835f9654f2b5 # v3.1.0
+
+    - name: Build Lesson 16 with Gradle Wrapper
+      working-directory: ./lesson_16/api
+      run: ./gradlew check
+
+

.github/workflows/check_push.yml

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ on:
       - "lesson_13/bank/**"
       - "lesson_14/algos/**"
       - "lesson_14/db/**"
+      - "lesson_16/api/**"
 
 jobs:
   build:
@@ -101,6 +102,10 @@ jobs:
       working-directory: ./lesson_14/db
       run: ./gradlew check
 
+    - name: Build Lesson 16 with Gradle Wrapper
+      working-directory: ./lesson_16/api
+      run: ./gradlew assemble && ./gradlew spotlessCheck
+
     - name: Build Shared Lib with Gradle Wrapper
       working-directory: ./lib/java/codedifferently-instructional
       run: ./gradlew check

lesson_16/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# Lesson 16
+
+## Homework
+
+* Complete the [Creating the Library API](#create-the-books-api) exercise.
+
+## Creating the Library API
+
+We are continuing to build atop the foundation of our library app. For this assignment, you will help implement the API that will be used by a yet-to-come front-end app.
+
+* You will implement the [MediaItemsController][controller-file] to enable the following API:
+   * `GET /items` - Retrieves a list of media items
+   * `POST /items` - Creates a new media item
+   * `GET /items/:id` - Retrieves a single media item with the given ID.
+   * `DELETE /items/:id` - Deletes a single media item with the given ID.
+* You will also implement a new `PatronsController` that will allow the following interactions:
+   * `GET /patrons` - Retrieves a list of patrons.
+   * `POST /patrons` - Creates a new patron.
+   * `GET /patrons/:id` - Retrieves a single patron with the given ID.
+   * `DELETE /patrons/:id` - Deletes a single patron with the given ID.
+* Study the tests in [MediaItemsControllerTest][controller-test-file] to understand what you should accept and return in the API.
+* You should not need to make any code changes outside of the `com.codedifferently.lesson16.web` package.
+
+## Running the API
+
+You can run the server using the usual `./gradlew run` command. If you want to test that the server is running correctly, you can use `curl` like so:
+
+```bash
+curl http://localhost:5000/items | json_pp
+```
+
+Alternatively, you can test the API using the tool [Postman][postman-link]. I recommend installing this tool to make it easier to test things.
+
+## Additional Resources
+
+* [What are HTTP requests?](https://youtu.be/-Zea7GB2OwA)
+* [Build a REST API with Spring and Java Config](https://www.baeldung.com/building-a-restful-web-service-with-spring-and-java-based-configuration)
+* [Exploring REST APIs with Spring MVC](https://www.developer.com/java/exploring-rest-apis-with-spring-mvc/)
+* [Using Lombok’s @Builder Annotation](https://www.baeldung.com/lombok-builder)
+* [Validation in Spring Boot](https://www.baeldung.com/spring-boot-bean-validation)
+
+[controller-file]: ./api//api_app/src/main/java/com/codedifferently/lesson16/web/MediaItemsController.java
+[controller-test-file]: ./api/api_app/src/test/java/com/codedifferently/lesson16/web/MediaItemsControllerTest.java
+[postman-link]: https://postman.com

lesson_16/api/.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#
+# https://help.github.com/articles/dealing-with-line-endings/
+#
+# Linux start script should use lf
+/gradlew        text eol=lf
+
+# These are Windows script files and should use crlf
+*.bat           text eol=crlf
+

lesson_16/api/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Ignore Gradle project-specific cache directory
+.gradle
+
+# Ignore Gradle build output directory
+build

lesson_16/api/api_app/build.gradle.kts

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+plugins {
+    // Apply the application plugin to add support for building a CLI application in Java.
+    application
+    eclipse
+    id("com.diffplug.spotless") version "6.25.0"
+	  id("org.springframework.boot") version "3.2.2"
+    id("com.adarshr.test-logger") version "4.0.0"
+    id("io.freefair.lombok") version "8.6"
+}
+
+apply(plugin = "io.spring.dependency-management")
+
+repositories {
+    // Use Maven Central for resolving dependencies.
+    mavenCentral()
+}
+
+dependencies {
+    // Use JUnit Jupiter for testing.
+    testImplementation("com.codedifferently.instructional:instructional-lib")
+    testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.9.1")
+    testImplementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
+    testImplementation("org.assertj:assertj-core:3.25.1")
+    testImplementation("at.favre.lib:bcrypt:0.10.2")
+    testImplementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
+
+    // This dependency is used by the application.
+    implementation("com.codedifferently.instructional:instructional-lib")
+    implementation("com.google.guava:guava:31.1-jre")
+    implementation("com.google.code.gson:gson:2.10.1")
+    implementation("commons-cli:commons-cli:1.6.0")
+    implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter")
+    implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa")
+    implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-validation")
+    implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
+    compileOnly("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-devtools")
+    implementation("com.opencsv:opencsv:5.9")
+    implementation("org.apache.commons:commons-csv:1.10.0")
+    implementation("org.xerial:sqlite-jdbc:3.36.0")
+    implementation("org.hibernate.orm:hibernate-community-dialects:6.2.7.Final") 
+}
+
+application {
+    // Define the main class for the application.
+    mainClass.set("com.codedifferently.lesson16.Lesson16")
+}
+
+tasks.named<JavaExec>("run") {
+    standardInput = System.`in`
+}
+
+tasks.named<Test>("test") {
+    // Use JUnit Platform for unit tests.
+    useJUnitPlatform()
+}
+
+
+configure<com.diffplug.gradle.spotless.SpotlessExtension> {
+
+  format("misc", {
+    // define the files to apply `misc` to
+    target("*.gradle", ".gitattributes", ".gitignore")
+
+    // define the steps to apply to those files
+    trimTrailingWhitespace()
+    indentWithTabs() // or spaces. Takes an integer argument if you don't like 4
+    endWithNewline()
+  })
+
+  java {
+    // don't need to set target, it is inferred from java
+
+    // apply a specific flavor of google-java-format
+    googleJavaFormat()
+    // fix formatting of type annotations
+    formatAnnotations()
+  }
+}

lesson_16/api/api_app/lombok.config

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# This file is generated by the 'io.freefair.lombok' Gradle plugin
+config.stopBubbling = true

lesson_16/api/api_app/src/main/java/com/codedifferently/lesson16/Lesson16.java

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package com.codedifferently.lesson16;
+
+import com.codedifferently.lesson16.cli.LibraryApp;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
+import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+
+@Configuration
+@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = "com.codedifferently")
+public class Lesson16 implements CommandLineRunner {
+  @Autowired private LibraryApp libraryApp;
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    var application = new SpringApplication(Lesson16.class);
+    application.run(args);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
+    // Don't run as an app if we're running as a JUnit test.
+    if (isJUnitTest()) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    libraryApp.run(args);
+  }
+
+  private static boolean isJUnitTest() {
+    for (StackTraceElement element : Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()) {
+      if (element.getClassName().startsWith("org.junit.")) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+}