What this program does:

Measures the correlation between: a) fertility rate and gender inequality and b) women's average age of first marriage and gender inequality across 161 nations.

There is a high correlation (r = 0.78) between fertility rate (average number of children per woman) and gender inequality. There also is a high inverse correlation (-0.72) between women's average age of first marriage and gender inequality (when the marriage age is higher, gender inequality is lower).

Gender inequality is measured by the Gender Inequality Index (GII), which is derived from women's labor market participation, level of education, participation in politics, and reproductive health.

What this program entails:

Gender inequality is measured by the Gender Inequality Index (GII). Performs linear regression on a csv file with numpy and matplotlib.

Future applications:

Use the same method to measure the correlations between gender inequality and female literacy rate, the Gini coefficient (income inquality), the human development index (HDI), male literacy rate, per capita gross domestic product with purchasing power parity (GDP PPP), religion, and the World Happiness Report.

Sources:

-- Nations, United (2020). "Human Development Report 2020 - Table 5: Gender Inequality Index". United Nations Development Programme.

-- https://databank.worldbank.org/reports.aspx?source=gender-statistics

-- "All the single ladies, put your hands up!". statssa.gov.za. Statistics South Africa.

-- Bureau, US Census. "Historical Marital Status Tables". Census.gov.

-- "Health Statistics | Medindia". www.medindia.net.

-- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe "Mean age at first marriage by sex".

-- Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan. "Statistical Handbook of Japan 2019". pp. 18, Table 2.8 "Mean Age of First Marriage".

-- Median age at first marriage for citizens, Department of Statistics, Singapore "Population in Brief 2015"

-- "Marriages 2019". Central Statistics Office. Central Statistics Office.

-- Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 November 2020). "Marriages and Divorces, Australia, 2019: National and state statistics on marriages and divorces, including same-sex couples, presented by age, duration and rates". www.abs.gov.au.

-- Stats NZ. "Marriages, civil unions, and divorces: Year ended December 2019". www.stats.govt.nz. New Zealand Government.